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;~rfns ;ldlt
lkbgfRj+u' xg]jxlk+ ;xefuLlk;+ l;pu' x] vj . Yj ‰jn;
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efh' ltns k|sfz bF of n;tf;+ yf}sGx] @*$ Nofv+ tk+ofgf lksfo]u' s'tn;
efh' gjLg lrqsf/ b'lt+u' k'mSs Rj;'t 5u' Nofv;+ GXos]u' s'tn ofgf g+ k|fljlws
efh' k'ik/Tg t'nfw/
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bF Nofv lgAj ly+nf -@)&& d+l;/_ Nofv+ 5fk]ofgf l;wo]s]
;Dkfbs tyf k|sfzs
do\h' ?lSdgL >]i7
w'+sfg+ ljZj; t;s+ Uofgfk's Gogf Rjgu' sf]/f]gf -sf]lj8–!(_
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lkygfu'ln+ Yj Nofv; Rjldlklgu' Nxflr+g dtofu' h'n .
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dlt j ult of]uL :o:oM &
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clhof lskfM dgb]jL tfd|fsf/ !$
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rGb|Hof]lt s;fM
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k/df]Qdu' /Tg 5' vM,
g'uM rs+sfM dg+ dg+ Yj wfM
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hGd d[To'nf emLu' yg

dfgj hGdnf wGo yg,
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xfsg+ hGd h'Onf÷dh'Onf

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nf]stGq wfMu' zf;g jMu' cfM yM Gxo\bF SogLg .
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æ5' wof afHof+ <Æ
ædGogf nf 5+ yf}+ ;dfrf/ . Gx"u' lgod
lkxf+jn x+ afn+ toftMu' 5]F a'F afn+Rj+lklgu' h'Og
x+ . 3/kltof xs bOdv't x+ . ;/sf/of Gx"u'
lgod x+ .Æ
æxQ]l/ afHof g+ 5' DjfMdb'u' xNnf GogfM
xfnfRjgL . cvaf/o\nf cHofMu' ;dfrf/ 5'+ g+
db' . lh GxfrMlg;]+ cvaf/ x] :jofRjgfu' ufxfM
djMu' Ono\ .Æ
æcvaf/o\ RjoftMu' db' wofnf, :jo] la
cfd cvaf/ .Æ
10 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
gf/f+ g+ cvaf/ :jn . Gxfkf+ jof ldvf
cvaf/o\ RjoftMu' ltlyO lg+ nft .
æco\ afa' cfM g]kfn ;Dat u'ln vM <
emLyfo\ nf]stGq jMu' :jLbF db'lgnf <Æ
æxfFo\ === afHof g+ 5' wfO 5' wfO . nf]stGq
jMu' lembF btsf . lh $ Snf;ano\ . lhldt #
xKtf ts :s"no\ ljbf laofxMu' . cfM lh la=P=
AjgfRjgfu' dv'nf, ugof :jLbF bO .Æ
æx+ cy] wofnf .Æ
j+ xfg+ cvaf/o\ ltly :jn, jof ltly
NofMvfMu' b\j+u' x] vt .
cn]ltlg gf/f+of em;+u jg . GxfrM :joDe'
Sjo\ t'o" ;fx' gfknfMu' . c;+TjfMof tMw+u' hfls
alh k;M aGb ofgfM c;+of 5]Fo\ afn+ laofM l/+u/f]8+
lkg] 5]F 5s"rf GofgfM Rj+jgf wsfM sgfj+u' .
cn] yMDx]l;of+ t'o" ;fx'oft æyMu' s'n k/Dk/fof
ag]Hof TjMtfbLdt] . yMu' s'n k/Dk/fof 5]F g+
s/lkGt laofbLdt] . emL wdfwd lj:yflkt h'h'+
jofRj+u' rfo]sflb;FÆ wsfM ;'emfj laofu' vF
n'dg . :joDe' k'nfM dg"t DjM DjM jMu' vgfu'
ts vF+ n'dg jof .
gf/f+g+ jf:of+ lGxnfM 5o\oft wfn æafa' lh
nf nF w'lR5 5' 5' dgo\ jM 5' 5' sf . :joDe'
k'nfM cg+ t'o" ;fx' gfknfMu' cn] dg"t DjM DjM
jMu' vF;f+lg;]+ j sNkgf ofof+ x] yMu' 5]F Sjo\
Yo+u' h'ofRjg . sNkgf ofof+ x] lh+ d]u' gLbF lnkf
yy] h'Ot g+ 5' a]/ wsfM sNkgfof ;+;f/o\ t+u'
h'ofRjg . 5'ofo] cfM .Æ
æx'+=== afHofg+ 5' wfO 5' wfO . lhtM hs
sn]h jg]t lnafSsÆ wofM 5o\Dx k;n+ lkxf+
jo]t :jn .
afv+
5' lkt – jx] ;O
:ofSs BgfRj+Dx /la cfsfemfsf+
GXon+rfn . h'?d'?+ bg . dt Rofsn . O{nr+
:jn – rfGXo\+l;of :jtfM h'n . eltrf TjNxo\
rfn . j GXono\nf Hjno\nf csdso\ g+ h'n .
lvrf GXoM – lkmltSs ;M jo]s] dHo" – j GXon+
rfo]w'+sL . ;Hof{+Gt+ dg" VjMu' x] tfMu' j+ t/
GXono\nf Hjno\ – j+ kSsf ofo] dk'm . knv
3'/o\ h'n – xfg+ VjM;M tfo]b}nf wsfM Wofg+
Gxfo\k+ lan . cx+ ug+g+ 5'+ g+ tfo\ db'u'ln+ Yj j}u'
e|d x] v} w}u' larfM ofgf Bg]t nf;fo\ Ujhs
5' t'n xfg+ VjM;M jMu' y]+ tfofM h'?d'?+ bg .
‰ofMof wls+ rLsfM lkg] ;tso\ :jn . ;tso\ ;'+
h"u' vg]db' . tfkfs tfkfs ts+ ;'g;fg . lgDx
:jDx nfl5 lvrft O?ly? h'ofRj+u' hs b' .
/la+ ‰ofn+ afDx lkn'ofM lkg] :jn– cx+ ug+ 5'+
5'+of gfdf]lg;fg dvgfM ‰ofM ltgfM b'xf+ hs 5'
jo]Tog xfg+ VjM;M jn . cfMnf eltrf tM;M y]+
RjgfM ug ;M jMu' vM cg Gxfo\k+ lan . Gxfkfy]+
Vjo]u' lrxfsM dh';] tfxfsM h"u'ln+ j+ VjM;M
jMu' kfv] Gxfo\k+ lan . kSsf g+ ;ts kfl/of
KothfMu' 5]+g+ jMu' vM wsf SjMl5t . cg :jt
hfno\of 5s" Sjyfo\ dt g+ RofgfRj+u' vg . ;'+
vg] b}nf wsf :jn, ;'+ vg]db' t/ VjM;M j x]
5]+ g+ jMu' cn] j VjM;M ld:to\u' x] vM wsfM j+
w's'df+ x] oft .
p4a df:s]
VjMo]u' dB"lg . ;Aa' rfGxo\ jg+ ;'g;fg
ld:to\u' VjM;M Go]g]dfq x] Uofgfk' . ns; t;s+
lememf+ldemf+ b+ . hMvMof 5]+ g+ ;'+ Sj:jofRj+u'
b'nf wsfM /la+ lkg] :jn . ;'+ ;'+ vg]db'u'ln+ j
ch"rfn . ;'gf+g+ tfx] dtfMu'nf cyjf tfM;f+ g+
dtfM 5" ofMu' vMnf < GXofu' x] yh'Odf cflv/
5fo\ VjMu', 5' h'n, u'u' h'n . 5u" tMw+u' rf]6
dnfo]s+ yy] VjMu' v} x] dv' .
/la g Bg] k'm, g t larfM dof;] Rjg]
k'm . j}u' dg cfs'n Aofs'n . /laoft VjM;n+
Bg] x] dljn . dgo\ vF dn'Os';] Bg]u' tMsM
s'tMoft+ g+ Bg] x] dk'm . lgwf} lt hfo]sfM VjM;n+
k"0f{lj/fd sofMltlg /la+ GXoM jo]sn .
æ;/ ;/ .Æ xf]6]nof dflxln+ Sjyfof vfkfo\
;M laofMltlg /la GXon+ rfn . sfrf sfrf+ bgfM
vfkf rfo]sn .
æu'8 dlg{+u ;/ .Æ cy] x] lemv'bF lem+
GXo\bFltof ld;fdrf n'vf+ lkg] bgfRj+u' vg
– æRoftfMO{ h'ofM g+ ;/ 5fo\ bgfdbo"u' wsfM
:jMj}u' .Æ
æP RoftfMO{ h'Ow's
+ nf < uy]eg+ GXoM j}Rj+u' .
sf dflxlnoft ;'efo\ Gx}+ .Æ eltrf d5fMy]+ Rj+sfM
5\o+ pl;pl; ofgfM /la+ ln;M lan .
æbfO lrof x] edKo';] s'g] l/;]Kzgo\ l5tM
lkofRjgfbLu' b' .Æ
yf}+sGx] no\kf} 11
 æsf sf gfg', lh jx] jn .Æ
/la yg jMu' :jGx' ltlg bt . jof
bFob;+ yg joft'+ Rjg]dfM . yg cl86 ofM
jo]dfMDx h"u'ln+ j Hof ofgfRj+u' cl86 kmd{+
Yj xf]6]no\ :yfoL gs;f+ Rjg]u' Aoj:yf
ofgftMu'ln xf]6]n y'jfMgfk j}u' af+nfMu' :jfk"
b' .
lgTosd{ Sjrfo]sfM /la l/;]Kzgo\
s'xf+jn . l/;]Kzgo\ kLbFlt b'Dx VjfMr;LrfDx
uDeL/ :jfefj jMDx ;fx' vg]j+ /la+ æu'8
dlg{+u .Æ wofM cleafbg oft .
æu'8 dlg{+u ;/ .Æ jf:ofxfF lGxnfM ;fx'F
ln;Mlan – æ;/ yf} bg] lnafMu' y]+ RjgfM
dflxlnoft :js] 5\jofx}u' . Dx ;'v d+tnfls
5' ;/ <Æ
ædv' .Æ d]r 5u" ;fnfM /la l/;]Kzg
GXoMg];+ ˆot'n .
dflxln+ lrof lgu" sk Hjgfjn .
æ;fx'h', x'F GXoMg]Rj+u' Dxf;'u' 5]F :j}u' <Æ
lrof TjTj+ ;ts kf/L Rj+u' KothfMu' 5]F SogfM
/la+ Gog .
æj 5]+ 6\ofS; clkm;/ofu' vM . 5fo\ ;/ <Æ
æcF yf} rfGxo\ j 5]+o\ ld;f 5Dx Vj}Rj+u'
b'lsb' . 3f} lg3f} lt x] VjMnnf w}y] Rj+ .Æ
æcF yf} g+ Vjnnf < lhld;+ dtfM :o" Û
efMtDx e|i6frf/ d'2fo\ nfgfM ‰of/vfgfo\
o+s";f+lg;]+ snfMDx cy] x] a/f]a/ Vj}u' . KoDx
dfrfo\ sfo\ j Dxofo\ lab]zo\ Aj+jgfRjg .
efMtDx ‰of/vfgfo\ nfMu' Ono\ 5]Fo\ ofsMrf
h'ofM t;s+ la/Qm h'ofM Vj}u' sf .Æ – ;fx' g+
wfn .
12 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
æu'8 dlg{+u ;/ .Æ wfwf+ :jLGofbFlt b'Dx VjfM
t'O;]RjgfM rfsrf nfMDx ;fx'gL jofM /laoft
cleafbg oft .
æu'8 dlg{+u ;fx'gL .Æ
æl5 ;fdfg sfM emfo] w}lbofu' dv'nf <Æ
;fx'gL g+ ;fx'oft :jofM wfn .
ævM . sf lh j+ x] jg .Æ n'd+;] jMu' y]+ ofgfM
;fx' tfy+ h'?d'?+ bg cn] ltl/do\h'oft :jofM
xfg+ wfn ælhnf ltl/do\h'+ wfMy]+ lg .Æ
ævMvM . KoDx dg"of GXoMg] t;s+ leDx
h'O;M l5 .Æ – ;fx'gL g+ wfn .
ltl/do\h'of vF Go+Go+ d';'d';' sfsf+ ;fx'F
No+b'u' lrof k'mSs+ 53't' TjgfM tfy+ bgf
jgf5jn cn] jof yf;o\ ;fx'gL a'n'x'F ˆot'n .
/laof wfM;f lrof alR5+ x] dk"mlg, a'n'x'F lrof
Tjg]u' j}u' aflg .
æ5' h'n ;/ < l5slk+nf v'a l;l/o; h'ofM
vF NxfgfRjgf lbn lg .Æ ˆot'gfsy+ ;fx'gL+ g+
efMtDx]l;of vF :jfo]u' dg;fo+ vF GXofs]t :jt .
æcF yf} rfGxo\ x'+ GXoMg] Rj+u' Dxf;'u' 5]+o\
ld;fDx uafo\ts VjofRj+u' wof .Æ
æb}a+ b'Mv dAo";f+ g+ yMyDx+ x] b'Mv:o"Dx w}Dx
j x] vM . dfSj h'Sj b;]+ln ;Gt'i6 h'O ;Mu'
h";f y'ln h'Ou' dv' . oSj nf]le h'ofM yf} lvrf+
b'Mv dl;Sj b'Mv l;n .Æ ;fx'gL+ uDeL/ h'ofM
/x:odo sy+ vF lGxyg .
æ5fo\ 5' h'n <Æ pT;'s h'ofM /la g+ vF
;fn cn] sko\ Rj+u' No+blgu' lrof Tjg .
æefMtDx h'n+ BM y]+ snfMDx h'n+ s+ y]+ .
VjMDx j x] snfMDx vM ;/ . efMtDx]l;t Hjgf
o+s';f+lg;]+ a/f]a/ yy] x] Vj}u' . ;Dklt oSj
bof+ 5' ofo] 5' h'n wsfM ts+ GogLlk+ ;'+ b'u'
dv't . b'Dx efMt ‰of/vfgfo\, lgDx d:t
ljb]zo\ t;s+ v/faDx ld;f . efMtDx]l;t
3'; go]u' afWo ofMDx jx] r+bfnDx ld;f vM .
efMtDx t;s+ enfbdL, l;wf ;fbf . 5' bt
psL x] ;Gt'i6 h'OdfM wfODx . phfDx]l;t
lGxlR5+ lGxlR5+ Vofp Vofphs ofgfM 3':ofM x]
oft .Æ
;fx'gL by'O;+ lbt . lgDx Uo]i6 tn] g+ s'xfF
j}Rjg . Uo]i6 Sjyfof tfMrf ;fx'gLoft laofM
cg g+ lkxf+jg . knv lgDx+ ;'Ds . xfg+ ld;f,
ldh+ j drf 5Dx tn+ s'xf+ jofM ;fx'gLoft
tfMrf nMNxfgfM cg g+ lkxf+jg .
æu]i6t oSj b'nf 5' <Æ sf}t'xntf+ /la+
Gog .
ækmfFok'mOF ofgfM w}u' dv' ;/, yg xf]6]n
u'lnt g+ b' pls bsno\ cKjM cs'k]G;L b'u'
xf]6]n emLu' x] vM . af]lnrfln afFnfo]dfn, dHo"u'
Hof dofo]dfn – lalhg]; nf cy]F af+nfO . emLt
cfkfM g+ DjfM, 5]Fof Jojxf/ rno\ h'n wfo]j+ ufx]
uftlg, dv'nf ;/ <Æ
ædgfl;a . lhGbuL ;'v gS;f+ GXofs]u'
vM;f b'u'nL ;Gt'i6 h'O ;o]s] dfM .Æ ;fx'gLof
vFo\ /la+ ;dy{g oft .
æt/ 6\ofS; clkm;/of snfM t;s+
nf]eL . GXofSj b';f g+ dufM j}t . lh+ v+s x'F
5]+ lgthfMu' EofyMu' 5]+ lnlkgfM KothfM ofgfM
Gx"u' bg]w'+sn . afM hs nlR5of nvf}+ jM . d:t
lgDx]l;t ljb]zo\ Aj+s] 5\jo]w'+sn . yfo\ yf;o\
hUuf s}tMu' b' . @%Ü Aofh+ hs krf;f}+ nv
Tofo\ laoftMu' b' . u'lnhs 3'; gn h'O < lh+
;Ls ;Ls+ go]t x] wfp wfplk+, efMtDx 6\ofS;
clkm;o\ clkm;/hs 5' h'n, lbg b'ugf /ft
rf} u'gf ofgfM sdo\ oft . hfaf clkm;/lrof
hflu/+ pln sdfo\ ofo]u' ;Dej h"nf < l5
x] 5sM w}lb;F;f, l5 g+ clkm;/ :jof 5' sd
<Æ /]s8{ ofgftu' 6]k rfo]s]j+ 5' xfnL, pu'
x] /ˆtf/+ ;fx'gL+ vF NxfMu' GogfM /la jfNn
h'n . u'ln GXoMlg;]+ lns'gf Rj+u' Wj+KjfM rfo]sf
aLj+ Xjf/f/f/f+ nM lkxf+jM y]+ ;fx'gLof Dx't'+ vF
lkxf+jMu' jn+t'+ .
æefMtDx]l;t Hjgf o+s"s'Gx' hMnfvMnf vM
5sM ;fGTjgf hs;f+ aLdfnL wsfM jgf+, j+ 5'
wfn bM – Old;+ sdfo\ ofMu' :jo] dkmofM l/kf]6{
tofM jof efMtoft Hj+s"u' x+ . sf ugYo+u'
vF .Æ
cem g+ ;fx'gLof sg]dfMu' oSj vF b'lg h'O
t/ efMtDx jMu' vg]j+ by'O;+ vF tKk x] lbt cn]
dv'y]+ Go+s /lhi6/ k'Q' k'Os' k'Os'+ dflxlnoft
;MtfM Sjyfof tfMrf Ao'Ao'+ wfn – ætno\ Sjyf
5sM ;kmf of . ;/of Sjyf g+ af+nfs ;kmf
of .Æ
/la+ Sjyfof tfMrf dflxlnoft lan .
æsf ;fx'hL lsgd]n Sjrfo]sfM emfofbLw'+sn
lh yg;+ ltlg .Æ /la+ dl5+ kxn+ wfn .
æcF 5]Foft dfMu' ;/–;fdfg sfM jg] w}u'
UjMGx' bo]w'+sn, jg] dnfgfRj+u', yf}+ sof x]
w'g .Æ
æsf lh g+ hf gofM clkm;o\ jg]dfn y]+ .Æ
d';'x'F, lGxnfM /la O{nr+ :j:j+ d]r+ bg cn] tno\
Sjyfo\ yxf+ jgf5\jn .
yf}+sGx] no\kf} 13
afv+
clhof lskfM
æof] afaf Û k|1f Û cg ;'jn < :jM;fM
:jM d}ofFof df+ jn . dfd\ xfd" ofo]t dfd+
a'O ofMjn . Uoflg h'ofM df+gfk xfk' xfd\
xfd\ ofM x'+ Gx} Û 1flg vnf lh x]/f <Æ
d'no\ Rjft' RjfgfM lDxtfRj+Dx 5o\oft clh+
dGrf HjgfM y :jsfM drfof df+oft Sog .
drfof Gotfno\ cd[t ;jfM jo]s clh+ r'Kkf
gn . ljO x] d+dbo]s drfoft df+Dx]l;t
ljOTog . 5o\ k|1f+ æDxfM Û DxfM Û clh Û
clh Û clh gfk+ .Æ NxfM lgkf+ kmftfss
kmxLsfM clhoft Dx+ lw+sn . clh+ 5o\oft
yMkfv] x] ;fnfsfn . clhof uMkto\ :jltSs
wo\k'n . df+Dx drfoft hj/hl:+t ;fnfsfn .
drf KofFo\s Vjn . clhof g'uno\ y'+ lbt .
æDjfMn Û DjfMn Û drfoft Vjo]s] dt] afM .
g'uM lk kL RofM . lh+ x] a'of xo] drfoft .
:jo\ lx+ drf===Æ clh+ d]u' wfo] dnft . drf
g+ sfo] dnfM . æDjfM DjfM df+ Û cfj+lg;]
wfM wfM y] ofsf to]dHo" -wfM wfM y] ofo]u'
jflg h'n ls d]rf xFo\ 5'ofM xf/f+ h'of jgL .
drfof aflg :ogfjgL . tMwL h'nls t;s+
lhl4jfn h'O .Æ drfof dfd+ clhoft ln;M
Ao' Ao'+ drfoft Vjo]s Vjo]s j'of o+sn .
ef}of vFUjn+ clhof g'uno\ XofpFs 5'oftMu'
gfnf+ r'Os k" y]+ h'n . ldvf nMnM wfn .
sfo\oft Olxkf ofgfM tMbFlnkfltlg clh
wfo]wfo]u' wgdfofof skfno\ ;'B{M n'n . jf,
14 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
dgb]jL tfd|fsf/
kmo, lgefMof 5'+ Ro"tf dt;] d+unaf/ klt+s
nfOgo\ RjgfM u0f]b]s] jgfRjg . Woaf j n8\8'
hs 5fgfM BMefUoofo]u' wg dfofoft n'dw+ .
;dojlh, xfDjMof n8\8', l;t' dfM, nOF 5k',
blIf0ff bf+ ;stf+ tofM k'hfeM HjgfM b+ b+ x]
b]o]jgfM b'Dx 5o\ . ld;fdrf lys]u' 5]Fo\ a"Dx
5o\ ld;f drf . 5ogo\ to]nf, Ajxno\ to]nf,
g'uMkfo\ :jyg]nf ofgfM wgdfof+ 5o\oft ;';fM
ofgfM Ajn+sf Rjg . drf a'ofM :jnf lnkf
clkm; jg] dfMDx drfof df+ . drfof df+ af}gfk
:jofM g+ clhgfk O{ GxofgfRjg . drf+ Nxjt,
kmft Vjn wsfM u'an]+ pl; drfMDx wgdfof .
drf Ajngf jMln;] B+;f+, b+;f+, gs";f+, lDxt";f+
clhof lshM dbo]s+ dufMDx 5o\ . clhoft
g 5o\of hM dvnls dtM db'u' 5]F y]+ Rj+ .
5o\ 5Gx' hs kfh'lkyfo\j+;f+ BMdyLu' lrs'nfof
lGxy]+ clhoft DxfOk'Ou' . 5o\ j clh ;Nnfdfo\
yfs'/f Ko\k'gLy]+ . clhof g'uno\ 5o\of nflu
j'+ufrfo\ nMy]+ j'ofjMu' dltgfoft ef}g+ u'OFlg+u'
u;" bo]sfljn . vMu' wfMu'nf dv'u' wfMu'nf
wgdfof+ y'Os] dk'mt .
sfo\ j ef}g+ a]ln ofo]t wgdfofoft
;Mtn . efhgo\ jfMtf ;+s]y] g'uno\ vF
jfo]sfM d+db' d+db' a]lnofo]t e't'lnO jg .
sfo\gfk kmo\t'gfM hf gofRj+Dx wgdfof+ lgKo]
hf x] w'/\s] dk'mt . uMkM tk'ofjn . h'?Ss
bgfM hf b'u' e' lrk ufno\ tofM wgdfof+ Dx't'
RjnfM yMu' Sjyfo\ jg . sfo\ ef}lklg VjfM
VjfM :jn . :jfxfg] sjdrfMano\ dfh'oft
Go+s]y]+ ef}drf+ efMtoft vF Yjsn– ælh+ nf
vMu' vF wofu' vM . drf a'of jo]t df+oft
yfs'O wsfM lh+ drfoft sof xofu' vM .Æ
efMtof GXoMg] snfM le+ dg" h'n . GXofjn]+
y] axlg+ GXoM jo]s]t 5\ooft clhofyfo\
to]xn . wgdfofof lns'gfRj+u' Vjla afM
jofRjg . wgdfof jfSs' l5gf GXoM jM kxM
ofgfRjg . 5o\ k|1f æclh Û clh ÛÆ wf wf+
clhgfk Ko]k'+jg .
5o\ k|1fof lgbF j'lb+ nlR5lt hs dflg .
5o\oft Yog]t 5ogo\ Dxo\, t'ltO jf:of jf:of
ofgfM clh+ yMu' g'uMvFoft jfv+ sg]y]+ 5ooft
Go+sf Rjg– æaf af Û lh x]/f Û lhld k'tfofu'
lgbF a'lb+ jOg . d}ofF afafoft 5' 5' oM clh+
xofljO . 5Gt ;fOsn oM vnf < s s ofo]t
XofpFu' jfpFu', Dxf;'u' lskf b'u' ;k"m g oM .
Gx"u' gfgf g oM . 5Gt rsn]6 g oM . cn]===
cn]=== cF t tMUjMu' a]n"g nf emg x] oM vMnf af
af < drf+ yMu' g'uM vF y"u' vM ls dv' clh+ jfM
drfM . Dxo\, t'tL jf:of jf:of ofgf Ao'u'ln+ vM
ls clhof dltgfof SjfM hn+ n'd'u'ln+ vM 5o\
k|1f ofpFs GXoM jn . df+ jf}g+ drfoft j'of
o+lsu' u'jn] u'jn] clh+ g+ rfOdv' . clhof Yj
lGxHof x] h'n .
5o\rf ;'yo\ bgf jOano\ GXofjn]+
wgdfofof ;'yof ofo]dfMu' Hof l;wo]sf RjgL .
yf}+g+ clhof Sjyfo\ 5o\oft to]xn . yf}+ clh
Bgf x] Rjgltlg . ædf+ . bgf dlboflgnf Dx
dk'mls 5' < ef}drf+ dfh'oft ;Mtn . wgdfof+
ln;M dAo" .
ædf+ bgfbLdToMlgnf < t;s+ GXoM jofRjg
ls 5' df+of <Æ
ef}drf+ dfh'of DXo\ lulnluln oft . drf+
g+– æclh Û clh Û lh jo] clh Û===Æ clhof Gxo\
lwt'lwgfRjgf . t/ clh+ jf:tf O:tf dofM .
ef}drfoft yf} t;s+ ch'ult rfn . ef}drf+
æxfg+ 5sM df+===df+ . 5fo\ GjMdjfgfu' <Æ Dx
kmxLsn . NxfM j 5o+ oftfSs jg . ef}drf
yf¥xf Gx'n . drfoft n'r'Ss a'ofsfn . ædf+oft
5' h'n y] ofsg+ s'xfF emf;F .Æ drfof df+ nfo\
nfo\ j'ofM efMtoft ;Mtn . drf+ g clhofs]
jg] dvgfM clh Û clh ÛÆ wsfM VjofM clhoft
NxfM ljofRjg .
wgdfofof sfo\g+ 8fS6/ Ajgfxn .
wgdfofoft hfFro\ oft 8fS6/+ yMu' 5o+ sftf+
8j 8j y]+ lxt' xLsfM wfn …Yj x6{ cf6fs
vM . c;Ktfn o+sfM 5'+ Hof h'Odv't . VjfM Tj
k'Osfljn . XjfFo\ RjfFoo\ f VjMu';M tfofM TjfM afM
hMnfvMnfof dg"t yfxfF jn . ;ft' jgL wsfM
drfoft kfh' dNh'lk+yfo\ 5\jof ljn . Hjn+Hj+Mlk+
drft b'ul' n+ kfh'of 5]o+ \ lGxlR5nf k|1f GXofOk'Ss
Rjg . axlg h'of jMln;] go]t j Bg]t drf+ clh
n'ds + n . df+ jf} g+ db'ul' n+ drfoft x]os
] fM Yog]t
t;s+ yfs'n . GXoMjM;f drf GXoMno\ Vjofxn .
kfh' dNh'lk+t rf 5\jo]t t;s+ yfs'n . sGxo\
s'g' ;'yl+ g;]n+ f drfoft gs]Tj+s] 5'+ ofo] dkmt .
æclh=== clh=== clhof yfo\=== clhof yfo\=== .Æ
drfoft VjMu' lbs]dkmt . skfM g erferf
Sjfgfjn . kfh' dNh'+ drfoft dfjf}of 5]oF \ to]
o+su] ' s/+ x] Sog .
yMu' 5]F Sjo\ Yog]j+, drf no\tfMu' plny'ln
x] db' . :jfxfg]+ lg;]+ drf+ æclh Û clh ÛÆ wsfM
yf}+sGx] no\kf} 15
;Mtf :jf+xfg+o\ Xjf;f Xjf;f yfxfFjg . clhof
Sjyfo\ :j;]+ b'xfFjg . Sjyfo\ clh db' . vftf+,
nf;f kmf+uf+ rLMsftMu' vflnSjyf vg . clhofu'
lskfo\ :jf+dfMsjvfo]sfM dt RofsftMu' vg .
drf+ tfxf+ :jofRjg . drf 5'+ x] dy'n . drf+
af}oft :jofMGog æaf Û clh Uj < af} g+
drfoft n'r'Ss j'ofM sl;Ss 3ok'ofM Vjljof
lxlt xfo]sn . co\g+ drf dXrM . af}of Dx+
drf s'xfF jn . d]u' Sjyf klts clh dfM
jg . clh db' . clh æxh'/ k'tfM dwfu'ln
:jfxfg]Sjo\ RjgfM :jfxfg]o\ y:jof ;Mtn xfg+
;Mtn æclh=== clh===Æ 5] jof Rj+lk dg"t
k'mSs:of ldvf Koft . df+Dx]:of+ drfoft h'?Ss
a'ofM sM;L lkt xofM x]o]s]t wofRjg æaf
af Û k|1f Û clh x'+sg ;u{to\ ltldnf efjfofyfo\
jg . xGrf ltl;nf efjfgfk d}+ofoft clh+ gfk
nfMjO vnf < d}of+ clhoft Hjhnkfof æhLÆ
wfo]u'sf Gx} <Æ dfd+ 5' wofRjg drf+ 5'+ dy" .
k'mSs:of+ drfoft kmSjM g+ x]o]sfRjg .
axlg h'n . df+ jf} GXoMg] bofM g+ drfoft
gsfM Yog]t t;s+ yfs'n . aNn aNn Yog]
kmt . ;'yGxfkf+ df+ jf} bgf jMjno\ drf nf;fo\
db' . df+ af} lgDx]:of ;ft' jgfM Kjfyo\ Rj+lk+
lsld x] l;t y]+ Rj+ . lgDx]:of+ lhjo\ x+;+ x] yfo\
TjMtn y]+ Rjg . NxfM t'lt ˆof/f ˆof/f vft .
æaf af k|1f Û k|1f 5 ug <Æ wf wf df+ af}
lgDx]:of 5]+of k'mSs Sjyfo\ dfnfRjg . clhof
Sjyfo\ vfkf rfnfRj+u' vg . df+ jf} lgDx+
xyf; clhof Sjyfo\ 5\jAjfM jg . drf nf
d'nklt+ YofgfM clhof lskfM yMu' d'no tofM
lrkfu' gfo"u' Nxft+ lskfo\ kftf kftf bfofM
lskfM lDxtfRjg .

Ajgflb;“
s'Gbgk|;fbof ;k"mt
!= lhu' ldvfo\ k|lt;/f ;fo\ld -;dLIff d'gf_ g]=;+= !!#(
@= s'gftMu' lbj; -lrgfvF d'gf_ g]=;+= !!#(
#= lkm;Mof b]zo\=== -lgofqf_ g]=;+= !!$)
$= a'4jfbof ljz]iftf -af}4 bz{g_ g]=;+= !!$)
%= lhu' ldvfo\ k|lt;/f ;fo\ld -kl/al4{t ;+:s/0f_ g]=;+= !!$!
^= u'¿blIf0ff -:j+u" ;k"mof ljj]rgf_ g]=;+= !!$!

16 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
afv+
ld;f kf;f (Girl Friend)
Yj xlndo\ kf;f wOlk+ db'lk+ dg"t ;fob
bO x] dv' bof x] RjgL . wfo]u' vM;f bsno\
Gxfkf+nf yMt a'Os"lk+ df+ – ca'lk+ x] Gxfkf+oflk+
kf;f vM;f lnkf d;Ltn]+ xgfRjg] dfMDx hLjg
kf;f (Life Partner) vM . a? u'Dx]:of+ Dxf] hs
kf;f bofRjgL;f u'Dx]:of+ UjfM UjfM bofRjgL .
cn] plnhsnf ldh+to\ ld;flk+ kf;f bofRj+;f
ld;fto\ ldh+lk+ kf;flk+ bofRjgL . ldh+to\
ldh+t x] hs kf;f, cy] x] t'+ ld;fto\ ld;ft x]
hs kf;f bofRjg]dfM wOu' 5'+ db' . a? y'lntSs
h'ofRjgL ls u'Dx]:of+ t;s+ :ofM GofgfM ;ltgf
RjgLlk+ bofRjgL;f u'Dx]:of+ pln+ ;ltgf dRj+;]
tfkfgf RjgL . a;\, kfgf RjgLu' d" vFnf y'ln
x] hs vM .
cy] x] wOy]+ lh g+ kf;flk+ db'u' dv', oSj+
x] b' . ldh+lk+ g+ b', ld;flk+ g+ b' . a? vMsfM,
cfkfM wOy]+ ofgfM lhu' :jfk" ld;ftgfkhs
bofM ld;flk+ kf;flk+ (Girl Friend) x] UjfM UjfM
b' . cy]+ ld;flk+gfk :jfk" bofRj+u' x'lg+ ofgfM
lhu' 8fol/O :jM;f ld;fto\u' hs df]afOn
NofMt cKjM bofRjgL . cy] bofRj+u'ln+ ofgfM
d]lk+ ldh+t kf;flk;+ (Boy Friend) cg]tg] sy+
gfuMt'uM ofgfM xfo]sfM luho\ ofgfRjgLu' . u'Dx
u'Dx]:of+nf lhtM æld;f wfnls e't'Ss x] h'ODx,
ld;f jFo\, ld;f XoM, ld;f e"t, sGof /flz cflb
k'ik/Tg tfd|fsf/ …:jL6x6{Ú
OToflb 5" 5' wofM xfo]sf RjgLu' sf . t/ lhtM
cld;+ cy] wfn+ 5'+ jf:tf db', 5fo\ ls lhtM
afn dtnjnf < vMsf cfM 5' ofo]u' < lhu' :jfk"
x] cfkfM wOy]+ ofgfM ld;ftgfk hs bofRj+;f
;'of ca'of 5' nuo\ h" < cld;+ cy] wof+ Ho"nf
< u'Dx u'Dx kf;flk;+nf cg]tg]u' v+ :ofr'Ss
Wofr" gsfM afuno\ GofsfM ts+ vF NxfOu' . cy]
vFNxfOu' lh+ jfM drfMu' g+ dv', jfMrfM . jfMx]
rfM;f+ 5' kft wsfM=== 5kf Gxfo\kg+ Gog, d]u'
Gxfo\kg+ Ajo]sf 5\jo]u'sf a;\ .
yo\s b'jfnfM ljrfM ofgfM :jo]ano\ v
g+ vM wof+ cld;+ wfMy]+ ldh+t :jofM ld;ft
x] cfkfM kf;flk+ bofRjgLu' . ;fob lhu' /fl;
sGof h'ofM hs+ vMnf Û 5sM lgsMnf lh x] ch"
rfofjOu' wof+, df+ RjM;f dvO=== .
5Dx lgDx kf;flk+nf ld;fto\u' df]afOn
NofM 3fgftofu' vgfM bfxf h'ofM g'uM SjftfSjftf+
Dx'OsfRjgLu' . t/ cld;+ cy] g'uM Dx'Osf Rjgf+
hs 5'ofo]u' < cld;+ cn] ofo]k'mu' x] 5' < u'Dx
u'Dx]:of+ nf æy'HofMu' pd]/o\ x] uf]kLlg+t UjfM
UjfM b' ug+ 5 slno'uof s[i0fhs+ dv'nf <Æ ts+
wfOu' wof+ . cld;+ cy] wfOano\ lhu' Gxfo\nf
w/Ujf/f kfo\k' h'ofjOu', ;To, w/f]wd{ e'lh+
:ofgfM xTof . cem plnhs wof+ dufgfM j
hfUjf/f kf;flk;+ æ5nf wfTy]+ pd]/ krkg lbn
yf}+sGx] no\kf} 17
jrkg x] sf afM===Æ gfk+ wfOu', cfM lh+ 5'ofo]u'
sfM=== .
5sM 5Gx' kf;f+ ;MtfM lhtM wfn– ægf+ g+ 5+u'
:jL6x6{ -rfs' g'uM_ Hof g+ 5+u' Njo\s cHofMu'
sf . 5fo\ 5+ y'HofMu' pd]/o\ g+ ld;fths cKjM
kf;f bo]sfM :jfk" tofh'ofu' < 5fo\ d]lk+ ldh+t
;'+ db'nf < ;'+ x] dvnf < vfln ld;ft hs
v+nf <Æ
j hfUjf/fof vF GogfM Dx't'OYo+s jMu' vO
5sM 3't'Ss 3't\sfM lh+ wof– co\ afM afM y'HofMu'
pd]/ h'n+ 5' h'n n] ;f < Yj xlndo\ vfln ldh+t
hs bo]dfM, h'OdfM wOu' 5'+ b'nf < ug+ RjoftMu'
b'nf < ldh+to\ ldh+t x] hs, ld;fto\ ld;ft x]
hs kf;f bo]dfM h'OdfM, wOu' 5'+ b' nf < ld;ft
kf;flk+ bo]s] x] dHo"nf < ld;f kf;f (Girl
Friend) bo]s]t pd]/+ 5'+ kgLdv' . ldh+to\ ld;f
kf;f b'y]+ ld;fto\ ldh+ kf;f g+ nf bo]k'mlg .
dk'mnf < ælhu' y'u' GXo;M GogfM pDx hfUjf/f
kf;f+ æk'm===k'm===Æ wOy]+ ofgfM b'u'rf+ 5o+ ;+s"y]+
5o+ ;+sfM ln;Msy+ laofM Wofg tofM d]u' vF
Gog]t j n+ RjgfRjg . lh+ xfsg+ joft Wjfy'Os]
18 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
y]+ ofgfM wof o+sf– ækf;f bo]s]t ld;f ldh+of
5'+ e]befj db', pd]/+ g+ 5'+ kfOdv' . d" vFnf dg
;kmf h'ofM gLnM y]+ kljq h'OdfM 5on]u' Jojxf/,
ldhf; af+nfo]dfM, dg" leg]dfM . VjfM or' g'uM
xfs' h'ofRjg] dHo" sf vM ls dv' <Æ
lhu' Yj vF GogfM pDx hfUjf/f kf;foft 5'
ofo] 5'ofo] h'nnf y]+ d:o' . erf vMy]+ dv' y]+
ofgfM em;'sfM Ajo]sfM wfn– æjnf v x] vt, t/
cy] vM;f+ g+=== .Æ
æcy] vM;f+ g+ 5' n] <Æ – lhtM j hfUjf/f
kf;fof z+sf Ajn+u' v+ t+of a'n'ld a'n'x'F Ujfo]t
:jofxn . co\g+ yMt yDx+ sM3fgfM £oM On] y]+
OnfM gfo" ;n+ wof– æ:j kf;f lg:jfy{ efj+
ldh+g+ g+ ld;foft kf;f bo]s] k'm, bo]s] Ho", cy]
x] ld;fg+=== t/ kf;fof gfdo\ sn+lst h'ofM, Wj+
nfgfM 5nskt ofgfM d'no\ tofM uM So";]+ kf;f
kf;f wf wf+ nf;f 5tf wfM;f kSsf+ ofo] dHo"sf,
d" vFnf Yj x] sf y'n nf <Æ
lhu' vF GogfM pDx hfUjf/f kf;f+ ch" rfMu'
efj lkHjo]sfM æy'n y'nÆ wOu'of 5'df+ AjofM
Sog .
afv+
VjMu' g'uM
;l/tfof s]x]+et lg/f yM5]+ jo]j+ ;l/tf+
;+'yof sf}nfofot RofM, la:s't cn]+ Vo]Fo\ sfnfM
Hjgfjn . Rof Tj Tj+ ;l/tf lg/fgfk+ v+
NxfgfRjg . knvlnkf hf y'Ou' O{ h'ofM ælh hfM
lg+ y'of jo, 5 df+gfk+ v+Nxfgf gL+ Rj+ Gx}Æ wfMwf+
Sjyf+ lkxf+jg .
lg/f j lg/fof df+ oSj lnkf gfk nfMlk+y]+ vF
NxfgfRjg . ;'gf+ tfOeg+ df+ Dxofo\ ;'v b'Mvof
vF NxfgfRj+u' h'OdfM . ;l/tf hf a'sfM s'xf+
jo]w+'sfM g+ df+ DXofo\of vF+ l;dwMlg . vF+ Nxfgf
x] Rjgltlg . df+ DXofo\ lgDx v+F NxfgfRj+u' vgfM
yM g+ Gxfkf df+ gfk+ vFNxfgf Rj+g]u' n'dgfjn .
df+ n'd+gf jo]j+ ;l/tfof ldvf+ Vjla+ ;// afM
jn . v'l; jfM jMy] Vjla afM jMu' lg/f+ vgL wsfM
kl;{Rjt+ x'n . Sjyfo\ RjgfRj+Dx lg/f+ ;l/tf+
VjMla x"u' afFnfs v+ . j ch"rfofM ttfMh'of
GXoMg] jgfM Gog ættfMh', 5' h'n < 5 nf Vjof
jMDxy]+ Rj+ <Æ
ædv' lg/f, ldvfo\ w" j+u'nf ls dj+u',
dl;n .Æ kl;{Rjt+ Vjla x'x'+ ;l/tf+ lg/fof Wofg
d]v] 5jo]u' s'tM oft .
æaf+nfs 5sM :jM . sL jg nfls 5' <Æ yDx+
x] :jo]u' s'tM ofgfM lg/f+ ;l/tfof GXoMg] jg .
æDjfMn . lh s'g]+ Gxfo\sgo\ 5sM :jof
jo] <Æ ldvfo\ VjMla x'x'+ ;l/tf s'g] yMu' Sjyfo\
jg .
k|]d s] lg8/
;l/tfof df++ db'u' v'nf+ dofo]s bt . cem
g+ joft df+ b'y]+ , yMt ;Mtf xMu'y]+ tfof j} .
df+lklgu' TjfMkfv]+ jg] dkm' . df+ n'd+sf ldvfo\
Vjla tofj} . df+oft NjMd+sf+ NjMd+s] dk'm .
Df+f n'd+sf ldvfo\ Vjla tofRj+Dx ;l/tfof
ldvfo\ a'+ufno\ nM hfof Rj+y]+ Vjla hfof
Rjgltlg . lg/f Sjyfo\ jn . ;l/tfof ldvfo\
xfg+ Vjla vg . ættfMh' Û 5 Vjof Rj+Dxy]+
Rj+ < 5fo\ Vjofu' <Æ
lg/f+ pln hs wfo]j+ ;l/tfof g'uM emg rL
dkm't . ldvfo\ Vjla tt+ wfn ælg/f, l5lk+ df+
Dxofo\ v+ Nxfgf Rj+u' vgfM lhg+ df+ n'dgfjn .
df+oft NjMd+sf+ NjMd+s] dkm't . uy] NjMd+s]u'y]+
h'n lhtM <Æ
ttfMh'Dx VjMu' vgf+ lg/fof g+ ldvf+ Vjla
;// jn . ldvfo\ Vjla tofM ;fGTjgf+ Ao' Ao'+
wfn ædf+oft NjMd+s] yfs' . df+ db'u' g+ cKjM b'u'
dv'lg . gsltlg v'nf bt . uy] NjMd+s] km} < lh
nf df+ n'dgf jnls AjFfo\ jo]u' < df+gfk 5u" v+F
Nxfo] btlsltlg dg cfgGb h''Ou' . 5+ df+ n'dgf
jn wsfM dg TofsfM vF Nxfo] axMlk+ ;'+ db' . g
ttf s]x]+lk+ b', g bfh' lshflk++ ;+' b' . pls+ h"Mu'
vM . lhnf sGxo\ s+; df+ 5+' h";f+ :jMDx bfh'lk+
b' . clk+ gfk h";f+ v+ Nxfo] b' . dg Tofs] b' .
bfh'lshflk+ dfM wfOu' pls+ vM .Æ ;fGTjgf laOy]+
lg/f+ wfn .
yf}+sGx] no\kf} 19
 lg/f+ ;fGTjgf laOTou+' vMnf < afo\ x]nf
ofgfM wfMu' vM < ;l/tf+ y'Os] dk'mt . VjofRj+u'
g'uMoft lGxOs]u' ug ug+ < emg g'uM lxO;]
Rj+sflan . hgtf b'lk+; cy] x] wfOu' vM wsf
l;Osf ;l/tf ;'Ds Rjg .
lgb+F lnkf lg/fof df+ dGt . df+ db'ano\
lg/f t;s+ Vjn . ;'gf+g+ DjfMn dwfM . yM yDx+ x]
Vjo] lbt . yf}+ ;fof 5jo]u' lb+ . DXofo\drf Vjo]
dfM wfO ;fofM lkxfF jg] w'+snls . ;fofM jgLlk+
jg] w'+sn . lg/f æoM df+ cfM lh 5' wsf jo]u'
df+ . lgGx' djM;f djn wfOu', cfM lhtM ;'gf+
djn wfOu' df+Æ wsfM efiff NxfgfM VjofRjg
ls Rjg .
lg/f t;s+ VjofM g+ lg/fof ttfMh'lk+ ;'gf+g+
lhlk+ b' wsfM dwfM . ;l/tf g+ lg/f VjMu' ;'Ds
:jofRjg . lg/f VjMu' vgfM ;l/tfof g+ g'uM
VjM . ;fGTjgf laOdfMu' tfM . t/ jofu' g'un+
yf}+ dfof bof 5lt+ lkxfFdjM . lg/f+ lhnf lhld
bfOlk+ b' wfMu' vFUjM Gxfokgo\ lememfo\ ld+emfo\
bgf jofRj+u' b' . ;l/tfof g'uno\ nfgfRj+u' 3fM
emg lxO;] Rjgflan . jof oMlk+ ttfMh'lk+;+ ;'gf+
5'+ dwfM wfM;f lh ;'+ db'Dxl;g+ 5fo\ lh b' wfo]u' <
wsfM g'uM 3fn+ Dx't' ltsfRjg . 5Dx HofyMDx
do\h+' lg/foft x]os \ fM wfn æDjfMn lg/f Vjo]dt] .
5fo\ Vjo]u' < :jDx :jDx bfh'lk+, ttfMh'lk+ b' . ;'+
x] db'lk+y+] Vjo] dfMnf 5 ckfo\;s+ < lg/fof Vjof
Rjg]nf < lbs]nf h'ny]+ . knv Vjof Vjo]u+' lbt .

g fk , twu
+ ' Og f k
Og fk, O
g]kfn ;Djt !!$) Gx"bFof n;tfo\ lkb+u' ljz]if ljz]iffª\s y]+
yf}sGx] no\kf}of #)) Nof g+ xg]jlk+ snfsf/to\u' UjxfnL+ Rj;'gfk :jfk'b'u'
sy+of lskft tof ljz]if ljz]iffª\s lkyg]u' Uj;f UjofRjgfu' b' . lskf Rjo\t
O{sfOu'ln+ xg]jlk+ Rjldlk;+ jOu' g];+ !!$! l;Nnf uf -@)&& ;fn kmfNu'g_
tsof b'g] Uo;'Uo+u' Rj;'t ljoflbOt Ogfk ofgfu' h'n . tlhs lkbgLu' yf}sGx]
no\kf} Gxfkfy] g]kfn ufn+ lkgo\ yL yL hLNnfo\ j ljb]z tsg+ GogLu'ln+ xg]jlk+
lj1fkg bftf+ lj1fkg ljoflbof UjxfnL ofgflb w}u' tx|f]u' en;f sof . cy] rGbf
bftf to\;+g+ k'm–rfsy+ rGbf ljoflbof yf}sGx] no\kf}oft wL;Lnfs lkyg]u'nL
tx|f]u' ltjM ljoflb w}u' en;f sof .
yf}sGx] hM

20 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
;+:s[lt

g]jfM ;+:s[lt nIdLk'hfof

dlxdf O{Zj/dfg l;Gof

g]jfM ;+:s[lt nIdLk'hfof nf]slk|otf j != j};fv df;of – df]lxgL

tMw+u' dlxdf j}lbssfn+lg;] bofRj+u' tYo :jtM @= Ho]7 df;of – kß>L
:ki6 h" . >LnIdLof pTklQ ;d'b| dGyg+of #= c;f/ df;of – sdnf
;f/ tYo zf:qo\ GXoAjoftMu' b' . Yj ljZjo\ $= >fj0f df;of – sfGtLdlt
k/Dk/flg;]+ b|Jo k|fKtLof nflu dfgj+ sl7g %= efb| df;of – ck/flhtf
;fwg ofo]kmt;f eljio ;d[l4 bOu'lnO lgu' ^= cflZjg df;of – Oiff
dt h'Odv' . &= sflt{s df;of – /fwf
on dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= ( Rof;M *= dfu{ df;of – ljBfnIdL
Tjfno\ Rj+u' Njx+ lxlt gfk+ ;f}Do sl/a (= k'if df;of – nIdL
! ld6/ tMlwsMDx uhnIdLof d"lt{ t;s+ !)= df3 df;of – ?sdl0f
jf+nfs vg]b' . Yj snfTds k|yd låtLo !!= kmfu'0f df;of – wfqL
zbLof clåtLo d"lt{of dxfg\ snfsf/+ !@= r}q df;of – /df
g]jfM ;dfhoft >LnIdL d"lt{ tTsfno\ x] yy] k|To]s df;of >LnIdL of gfd y]+
lgdf{0f ofgfM tMw+u' u'0f ofgfj+u' dxfg\ ;k't eujfg lji0f'of gfdo\ g+ cf/fwgf ofgf jofRj+u'
snfsf/oft ;'efo\ ljOdfM . j y] HjMDx dxfg\ b' .
;k't g]kfnL k|:t/ d"lt{sf/of cfTdfoft ;bf k|flrg g]kfnL k/+k/fo\ af}4 wd{sy+ >L
;j{bf lr/ zflGt bo]df Yj uhnIdL d"lt{ j;'Gw/f b]jLoft nIdLof ?k gfnfM ;Ddfg k'hf
klZrdfled'v b' . k|fy{gf ofOu' b'– æa;'Gw/f+, ;bf gTjf+ bfl/b|0f{j
d]u' sf7df8f}+no\ Gofu";bLof k|:t/ ;"Id tf/0fL
snf+ ;DkGg bgfRj+u' kß x:tfnIdL ljlzi6 lbAo ?kL+ ;'?kLr+ ;f}Do?kL+ j/ k|bf+t
vfnof vg]b' . Yj k|frLg d"lt{ /fli6«o ;+u|xfno\ >L j;'Gw/f :jof Vjfkfno\ hj+ Vjfn+
5fpgL :jo]k'm . s'ds'dj0f{ vj+ Xofp+ j by'O Dxf;' j0f{
g] k fnL k| f lrg sfn+ l g;] + ;" o { d f;sy+ Rjo]of lgof NxftdWo] 5kf Nxfto\ hkdfnf
>LnIdLof lem+ l gnfofof lem+ l gu" x] gf+ b' u ' d]u'nL ;k"m, cn] by'of lgkf Nxfto\ 5kf
k' / f0fkfv] + l;Ob' . u' u ' gf+ Sjo\ laofy] + y] + Nxfto\ lq/Tg j d]u' Nxfto\ jf u'FO{+ cg+ Sjo\of
b' . hju' Nxfto\ j/ d'b|f j vju' Nxfto\ snz

yf}+sGx] no\kf} 21
HjgfM kn] :jf+of cfzg oft nlttfzgo\
RjgfljHofMu' b' .
>L j;'Gw/f b]jLof nf]s k|lz4 Znf]s–
ælbJo?kL+o ;f}Do ?kL+ j/ k|bf+ .
a;'+w/L j;'wfl/r j;' >L>L sl/j/f
w/0fL wf/0fL wft[ z/0f+of elQm jT;nf
k|1fkf/ldtf b]jL k|1f >L j'l4 j4{gL
bxgL df/0fL r08L zfj/L ;j{ dft[sf
s[tfGt qf;gL eLdf sf}df/L ljZj?lk0fL
tyf ult dxf /Dof jh|gL wd{ wfl/0fL
dft/L ;j{ a'4f+gf+ /Tg wft]Zj/L tyf
;'Gotf efjgf b]jL efjgf efj ljjh{gL
gd:t]t' dxfb]jL ;j{ ;Tjfy{ bflogL ..
j;'Gw/f s[kfb w[td\ .
k|flrg o'ulg;] z}j wd{ j af}4 wd{o\
ci6d+unof k|tLsoft k|fRoljBf, jf:t'snf, j
306 :tDe cflb;+ k|:t/, ;L+, 9nf}6, lrqsnfo\
pTsL0f{ ofOu' rng cGj]if0f j cg';Gwfg dofs+
PsLg ofo] yfs'Ok'm . yg yfo\ ci6d+un Rofu"
sy+of lr+of k'ms+ gf+ 5Dx x] nIdLof gfdfs/0f
ofgftMu' ;Ls]u' g+ 3tnuo\h'Ou' cg'dfg
-w's'df+_ ofo]k'm .
g]jfM ;dfho\ k|frLg sfn+lg;] :jjf;of d"
n'vfo\ Rjo\ z}j wd{of >L u0f]z, s'df/ j|Dxf,
pdfdx]Zj/ j lji0f'of lrqt :jofM b'xf+ jg]u'ln+
vjo\ >L jT; jof Sjo\ rj/, Wjh cg+ Sjo\
5q, kß cg+ Sjo\ dT:o o'Ud k"0f{ snz, pls+
Sjo\ jfpF eQ', lgDx j z+v RjoftMu' bO . cy]
x] jf}4 wd{sy+ z'e ljjfx j Hof h+Sj ofOjno\
d"n'vf+ Rjo\ cIff]Eo, j}/f]rg, cletfDe, /Tg
;Dej j cdf]3l;l4 lrq RjofM d]u' lr+ hj+ vj+
22 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
n'vfo\ lxGb' wd{of lklg y]+x] HjMnfMu' ci6d+un
lr+ RjoftOu' vM . yy] ci6d+unof k|To]sof
5Dx nIdLof gf+ Sjo ljof y]+ b' .
!= >L jT;of >L ;f}efUonIdL
@= rj/of >L ljBfnIdL
#= Wjhfof >L lqzlQmnIdL
$= 5qof >L ;fd|fHonIdL
%= kßof >L dxfnIdL
^= dT:ou|'idof >L l;l4nIdL
&= k"0f{snzof >L cd[tnIdL
*= z+vof >L r08LnIdL
y'sy+ nIdLof k|ltssy+ gfnftMu' vg]b'
æoq gfo{:t' k'HoGt] /dGt] tq b]jtf
oq} tf:t' g k'HoGt] ;jf{:tqfkmnf lqmofÆ
æu'u' s'no\ gf/Lof cfb/ h'O cg b]jtf
k|zGg h'O cn] ug cy] h'Odv' cg GXofu'
Hof vF Joy{ h'O . dxfef/to\ Aof;h'+ g+
woftMu' b'– ægf/L nIdL ;dfg vM u'Dxl;g+
yMu' sNof0f h'Ou' OR5f ofO j+ jofu' ;Ddfg
ofo]dfM .Æ
dg':d[ltO dg'g+ RjoftMu' b' ls æu'u' s'nof
eflugL gf/L, sGof, ef}drf j df+ cflb ld;flk+
b'Mlv h'ofRjgL j ofsg+ dbof jgL . ug yy]
b'Mv b}dv' j s'n GXofjn]+ pGglt h'ofjgL .Æ
dg'of dxfjf0fL b' ls æu'u' s'nof gf/Lkfv]+
ldh+ ;Gt'i6 h'O, ldh+kfv]+ ld;f j ld;fkfv]+
ldh+ ;Gtf]if bO cg GXofjn]+ sNof0f h'O . Yj
lglZrt vM .Æ
emL;+ >L oGqof k|ltsoft dfGotf
ljofM ;Ddfg ofgf jofRj+u' b' . hMnfvMnf
b]zof ljåfgto\;+ >L oGqoft /fhf tyf >L
dxfnIdLof c+zof ?ko\ ;Ddfg ofgf jofRj+u'
b' . >L dxfnIdLof 5u" tflGqs Znf]s yg
GXoAjofRjgf–
pm+ >LF x|L+ >L sdn] sdnfo] k|;Lb k|;Lb,
>LF x|L+ >L pmF dxfnIDo} gdM ..
->f]t lj=;+= @)%& ;fn sf] ef/taf6
k|sflzt sofn]j/_
ljåfglk+ >LnIdL k'hfof kfjg kj{o\
dfs{08]o\ k'/f0fo\ GXoAjoftMu' >LsfnLoft g+
k'hf k|fy{gf j cf/fwgf ofo]u' kmnbfoL h'O .
yg bzdxfljBfof :t'lt GXoAjofRjgf–
>L sfnL tf/f l5Ggd:tf ;'Gb/L junf/df ..
dft+uL e"jg]Zjl/ l;l4 ljwf Rj e}/jL ..
w'+dfjlt r bzdL dxfljBf bz :d[lt ..
g]kfnL ;dfhof k|flrg sfn+lg;]+ z}j,
zfQm j af}4 cg'ofoLlk+ t;s+ cf:yf tof
k'hf kf7 ofo]u' k/+k/foft lg/Gt/ ofgf
jofRj+u' l;O b' . bz dxfljBf ono\ gu/o\
yfo\ yf;o\ bofRj+u' :df/s j b]uM b]uno\
>4fn'lk+ yMyMu' uR5]sy+ gu/ kl/qmdf ofgfM
k'hf ofMjgLu' rng b' . g]jfMto\ k/Dk/f bFo\
bF;+ sflt{s s[i0ff cf}+l;s'Gx' jxlg >LnIdL
k'hf ofOu' cKjMl;of rng b' . Yjs'Gx' >L
nIdL k'hf ofo]t yMs] b'u' 9nf]6, l;hM jf
jxMof d"lt{oft jf+nfsfM Ej++of nIdLof lrq
g+ tofM Sjyfo\, b/fho\ ltsfM pls gfk+
b[i6L g+ ltsfM Gx"u' ynjn b]5fo]u' ofgfM
TofMb]jf RofsfM k'hf ofO . gfk+ >L nIdLoft
*$ Ao~hgo'Qm ef]hg gfk+ yL yL dlwrlw
nfvfdlw gfk+ l;;fa';f UjfM d;nf cflb kl/
k"0f{ ofgfM elQmefj ofgfM k'hf ofOu' rng b' .
k'hf ofgfM KoGx's'Gx' >L nIdL k'hf lj;h{g
ofgfM :jf+ SjsofM ;kl/jf/ gfk+ Dxofo\drf
legfdrf ;snoft :jf+ l;GxM gfk+ k|;fb Ogf
ljOu' cBflk GXofgfRj+u' b' .

sDkgLsf] uf]bfdaf6 af;dtL, hL/f, dl;gf]nufot

cGo u'0f:t/Lo vfBfGg tyf l;dL / kmfk/ laqmL
eO/x]sf]n] sDkgLsf] uf]bfdaf6 v/Lb
ug{ x'g cg'/f]w 5 .

vfB Joj:yf tyf Jofkf/ sDkgL lnld6]8

k|wfg sfof{no, sf7df8f}F
kmf]g g+= $@$***#

yf}+sGx] no\kf} 23
Rjv+
zfx sfnof Oltxf;o\
/fh]Gb|nIdL
zfxsfnof bf];|f] dxf/fhflw/fh cyf{t\
k|tfkl;+x zfx lj=;+= !*#! o\ /fHo/f]x0f h'ofM
lj=;+ !*#$ of d+l;/ dlxgfo\ lgwg h';]+ln
/fHoof ns; x] d]u' h"u' vM . Yj O{ wofu' g]kfMof
Oltxf;o\ ljifd kl/l:yltof O{ vM 5fo\wfM;f
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx+ lj=;+= !*@^ ;o\ Vjkb]o\ yMu'
NxftL sfo]u'nL tfMnf;]+ln yMu' Hof em08} k"
j+s"u' vg]b';f yy] k|fKt ofMu' /fHoof hgtfto\;+
yMt k/fhoof dx;'; ofgfRj+u' O{ vM;f cleu'
;/sf/+ dg TofsfM sfo] No+ x] blgu' b]zof
cj:yf jf+nfs]t jf+nfMu' lgod sfg"g bo]s] No+
x] blgu' Ono\ k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof lj=;+ !*#!
;o\ lgwg h"u' vM . k|tfkl;+x zfxof g+ y'sy+
ofsg+ lgwg h';]+ln jf+nfMu' lgod sfg"g bos]u'
Hof emg cndno\ nfM jg .
k|tfkl;+xof b]jxfj;fgof Ono\ nfo\s"of ns;
k|tfkl;+x zfxof lgwg h';]+ln :jefjt ?k+
k|tfkl;+xof bTof b'Dx /0faxfb'/+ /fhu2L cfl;g
oft . yy] gfjfns ædxf/fhflw/fhÆ h'Ojno\
jof df+ :jefjt ?k+ /fhdftf h'ofM jof x]
NxftL b]zof ;Dk"0f{ zlQm nfM jgLu' vM . yy]
/0faxfb'/ zfxof df+ /fh]Gb|nIdL b]zof /fhdftf
h";f+ pu' O{of nfos"of ns; wfM;f zfGt
gs;f+ GXofgfRj+u' vg]db' . k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof
clGtd cj:yfkfv] jofM k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof+
Hofof ltjM ljplk+ lshflk+ k'mSs+ jfluofg h"j+u'
vg]b' . vf; vFnf 5' wfM;f Vjk /fHo yMu' NxftL
24 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
of]u]Gb|dfg >]i7
jo];fy k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof lshflk+; Vjk, o\n
j dsjfgL /fHoof k|d'v h'Ot dfu] ofMu' vM .
yy] k|d'v h'Ou'nL ;'/k|tfk zfx+ Vjkof,
bndb{g zfx+ onof j dxfBfd sLt{ zfx
dsjfgL /fHof k|d'v h'Ot ˆj+u' vM;f yldu'
dfuoft k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx+ :jLsf/ dof;]+ln
yMlk b]o\ TjMtfM jgfRj+u' vM;f :jod\ k|tfkl;+x
zfx g+ ca'+ wfMy]+ dRj;]+ yMu' x] knx+ h'ofRj+u'ln
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof hLjgof clGtd cj:yfkfv]+
k|tfkl;+x zfxln;] af]nrfn x] aGb h'ofRj+u'
vg]b' . k|tfkl;+x zfx o'4 :jofM df]hdHhf /;/+u
j yM ofMDx snfM do\h' /fgL lg;]+ df]hdHhf
ofgfh"u' k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof :jo] x] doM;f,
k|tfkl;+x zfxof rfnfdfnf :jofM k[YjLgf/fo0f
zfxof sfG5fDx lshf bnhLt zfx+ yM bfh'oft
k|tfkl;+x zfxoft pt/flwsf/L jvf{;L ofgfM
k|tfkl;+xof yf;o\ jof x] lshf axfb'/ zfxoft
/fhu2Lof pQ/flwsf/L 3f]if0ff ofo]t Ogfk ofMu'
vg]b' -cfrfo{ @)^)–%$_
k|tfkl;+x zfx o'j/fh sfnof Onlg;]+
cuf]vf{nL u"6 bo]sfM clk+ x] gfk h'ofM
df]hdHhf ofgfh"Dx vM . cy] cuf]vf{nL u'6o\
k|tfkl;+x zfxof oMDx snfM on wfnf5]+ k|wfgof
Dxofo\drf ædo\h' /fgLÆ k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof go]
dxf/fgL g/]Gb|nIdLoft dGq o+sf nfo\s'nL yfo\
sofRj+Dx j|hgfy kf}8ofn, cy] x] k"j{of ef/bf/
:j?k l;+xsly u"6aGbL sfod hs dv' cldu'
x] huhuL 5fo\wfM;f k|tfkl;+x zfx, yld;+ 5'
wfn jx] ofODx . nfo\s'nL /;/+u, g[Tofªgfto\u'
Kofv+ :jofM df]hdHhf ofo]u' k|tfkl;+xof Hof
vM;f jof ljZjf; tGqdGqo\ vM . tGq dGq+
GXofUu'+ ofo]k'm wofu' k|tfkl;+xof ljZjf; vM .
yy] tGqdGqo\ ljZjf; tofljpDx g+ k+ j|hgfy
x] vg] b' . k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx+of b]xfjzfg h'O;fy+
k|tfkl;+xof Gxkf+u' Hof wofu' cj'of sfhlqmof
ofgfRj+Dx lshf axfb'/ zfxoft j joft Ujfxfln
ofgfRj+Dx ssf bnhLt zfxoft jlGb ofMu' vM .
bnhLt zfx alGb cj:yfo\ 5'+ sy+ lj:o'+ jg
wfM;f . cj'of sfhlqmof ofgfRj+Dx axfb'/ zfx
lj:o'+ jg]u' vF dGt . lnkf sfhlqmof l;wo]sfM
Gx"Dx h'h'oft cfl;jf{b laOt agf/;of cn}rL
sf]7L g]kfMof jlsn -/fhb"t_ h'of jgfRj+Dx,
uh/fh ld> Yo+sM jn . g]kfM Yog];fy+ axfb'/
zfx+ alGb hLjg ofkg ofgfRj+u' vgfM hu/fh
ld>+ ;fMk b'Mv tfo]sn 5fo\wfM;f Yjx] uh/fh
ld> x] k|tfkl;+x zfxoft j axfb'/ zfxoft
dGq Go+sf tMu' vM . yy] dGq Go+lsODx u'?+
yM r]nftot sfo\ ;dfg tfo]sLu' vM . pls+
uh/fh ld>+ yM hdfgL RjgfM axfb'/ zfxoft
Tjtsfljn wfM;f axfb'/ zfx g+ yMu' b]o\
TjMtfM d'unfgof j]ltofo\ jgfM Rj+ jg . y'u'
x] ns;oM k|tfkl;+x zfxof b]xfjzfg h"jno\
nfo\s'nL zfxL kl/jf/t ;'+ x] db'u' vM . pu'
Ono\ zfxL kl/jf/of gfdo\ k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof
dYofMDx sfo\ /0fl;+x zfx 5Dxhs b'u' vg]b' .
y'Dx /fhs'df/oft Vjkof k|zf;g nMNxfgf tMu'
vM;f jof ljjfx g+ k|tfkl;+x ofgfljpu' vM . Yj
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof gLlt sfMu' vg]b' 5fo\wfM;f
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx+ uf]/vfof k|zf;gof lhDdf
dYofMDx lshf /0fb'n zfxoft ljofMtMu' vM . t/
nfo\s'nL dYofMDx]l;of 5'+ hf]8 rno\ h'Odv'+ .
pls+ /fh]Gb|nIdL, /0faxfb'/ zfxof /fhdftf
h";f+ ofsMrf vM . nfos'nL j|hgfy, :j?kl;+x
sfsL{ j do\h' /fgLof af]njfnf+ h'ofRj+u' vM;f
g]kfMldto\;+ Gxfkf+lg;]+ :ogf tMu' ;'ofkfv] zlQm
jofkfv]+ lnOu' :jefj sy+ RoMEjfltg+ cuf]vf{nL
u"6kfv] lngfRj+lk+ vM .
k|tfkl;+x zfxof lgwg+ xMu' Gxfkf+u' ;d:ofM
k|tfk l;+x zfxof lgwg+ t'?Gt x] 5u"
;d:of b+ jMu' vg]b' jx] ;d:of if8\oGqof
z'?jft g+ h"u' vg]b' j 5' wfM;f k|tfkl;+x
zfxof gfk+ ;' ;lt jg]u' wofu' vF b+ jn . yy]
;d:of b+ jMu'of d'Vo vF 5' wfM;f k|tfkl;+xof
tMwLDx snfM /fh]Gb|nIdL :jtM /fhdftf
h'n . jfns h'h' h'n wfM;f b]zof xfn x's'd
k'mSs /fhdftfof NxftL :jtM nfM jgLu' vM .
/fh;tfo\ xfnx's'dof >f]t wofu' h'h'of ku/L
j nfndf]x/ vM . drfDx h'h' jo:s h'of ljjfx
dofMtn] >Lk]h j nf df]x/ /fhdftfof NxftL
x] nfgfRjgLu' vM . jx] gftf+ x] /fhdftf wfOu'
vM . k|tfkl;+x zfx db'jno\ rLwLDx snfM doh'
/fgLof Kjfyo\ bofRj+u' vM . ;tL jg]u' lgodsy+
Kjfyo\ b'Dx]l;t ;lt 5jo] dToM, Yj x] x'lg+ g+ Yj
;d:of Ajn+u' vM . Gxfkflg;]+ nfo\s'nL kl08t g+
lgu" k'rno\ ljefhg h'ofRj+u' vg]b' . j|hgfy
;d"x g+ GXofy] ofgfM h";f+ /fh]Gb| nIdLoft ;lt
5\jof nfo\s'nL yMu' zlQm sfod ofgfRjg]t
:jMu' vM;f uf]/vfnL u"6of k'rn+ doh' /fgLoft
;lt 5\jo]u'nL ts{ ljpu' vM cflv/ Yj ljifo
ltSs]+ kl08to /:;f s;L h';]+nL Kjfyo\
jofRj+Dx doh' /fgLof drfj'ofM 5'+ lb+ lnkf
k|tfkl;+x zfxof gfd+ ;lt jg]dfMu' yx/ oft .
k|tfkl;+x zfxof b]xMgfk+ t'?Gt RofDx ;';f/]t
yf}+sGx] no\kf} 25
;lt 5\joflan -cfrfo{ @)^)–!@#_ Yj ljifo
nfo\s'nL uf]/vfnL kl08ths dv' ef/bf/t g+
/fh]Gb|nIdLkfv]+ lngf ljof g+ Yj ns; Ajn+u'
vM . 5fo\wfM;f uf]/vfnL ef/bf/t+ k|tfkl;+xof
GXoMg] cy]+ ;'Ds RjgfRjlk+ vM .
/fh]Gb|nIdLoft axfb'/ zfxof cfjZostf
h'n M /fh]Gb|nIdL yM lny'oft ;lt 5\jo]un ' L k"
j+;f+ yM ofsMrf+ j|hgfy k'rMoft sSjTon] km}dv'
wofu' j+ jfnfs :o" 5fo\wfM;f y'u' Ono\ h'ho' f
kl/jf/t+ ;"Go cj:yf vM . /fh]Gb|nIdL+ jf+nfs :o"
ls j|hgfy, :j?k l;+xlkt JolQmTj+ SjTon] k'mDx
;'+ bM;f j axfb'/ zfx vM . vf; vFnf k|tfkl;+x
zfx dkmof j+ln;] ;Dejt yM dDjfOu' vgfM
h'OdfM axfb'/ zfxoft g]kfM ;Mtf 5\jMu' vg]b'
bfh' k|tfkl;+x zfx g+ ;Mtf x;]l+ n ljgf z+sf+
axfb'/ zfx j]ltof+ g]kfM :jofM jofRj+jn; k/f;L
Yo+ dYo+jno\ axfb'/ zfx nFo\ x] lj/fdL h"u' vg]
b' . Gxfkf+nf k|tfkl;+x zfx dbo];fy /fhdftf
h"Dx /fh]Gb|nIdL xjf? x'nfsL 5\jofM axfb'/ zfx
oft ofsg+ g]kfM YosM jo]t vj/ 5\jMu' vM . yy]
xtf? x'nfsL 5jM;f lnkf /fh]Gb|nIdL nFo\ lj/fdL
h'ofRj+Dx axfb'/ zfxoft wd{kq' ofgfMltlg
g]kfMjo]t wfMu' vg]b' . vf; vFnf /fh]Gb|nIdLof
axfb'/ zfxoft ljZjf; dbofM vM wfo]km'
5fo\wfM;f yMoft cfkt h"jno\ jxfb'/ zfxof
cfjZostf h"uO' no h'ho' f u'Dx snfM ;tL jg]u'
wofu' vF jMjno\ jxfb'/ zfx dfn, t/ uf]/vfnL
kl08to\;+ j ef/bf/to;+ /fh]Gb|nIdLof k+ lngfM
;lt jg]Djfo]sf ljn, jxfb'/ zfxof cfjZost
g+ sd v+su" ' vM wfo]km' . axfb'/ zfx g+ h'ho' f x]
sfo\ vM cy] wd{kq' ofgfM g]kfMjo]u' rfx] dh"u'
vg]b' . pu' Ono\ /fh]Gb|nIdL 5u" rfn lDxtn,
h'h' /0faxfb'/ zfxof efif+ cyjf nfndf]x/ sy+
26 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
æGxfkf jfHofof Ono\ jfHofof x] x'sd' rno\ h"
cfM lhu' x'sd' rno\ h'O, Yjg+ l5u' x] nfo\s" vM
lguM cfvM wd{kq' ofgf ofsg+ g]kfM emf;F -g]kfn
@)%*–!*_ h'ho' f cfb]z sy+ kf} 5+j;]l+ n jxfb'/
zfx wd{kq' ofgfM g]kfM jo]t tof/ h"u' vg]b' .
yy] nfo\s'nL Gxfkf+lg;]+ wd{k'q j wd{ efs]
ofs]u' rng vg]b' wd{k'q hs ofgf ljZjf;
dGt wfM;f wd{ efs] ofsLu' vM . cy] wd{ j
efs] ofsLu' wofu' wd{ efs] ofODx]l;of NxftL
u+ufhn, l;hM s'rf, t'lN;dfof xM j zfnLu/fd
NxftL to]sfM æyy] ofo]dv' cy] ofo]dv'Æ wsfM
wfo]sLu' vM . yy] wd{ efs] ofsLu' Hof /f0ff
zf;gof cGtts+ vg]b' . /f0ff zf;gof Ono\
ts+ ;'+g+ Gx"Dx sd{rf/L lgo'Qm ofOjno\ j
c8\8fof tfn'sjfnf xflsd+ wd]{ efs] ofsLu'
vM. yf}+ sGxo\of Nofv+ æ;ky u|x0fÆ vM .
/0faxfb'/ zfxof gfd x] nfndf]x/ j;]+ln
h'h'+ jr+oft GogfM axfb'/ zfx g]kfM jMu' vg]b' .
yy] h'h'+ jrgoft Gogf axfb'/ zfx g]kfM jMu'ln
g+ jxfb'/ zfxof g+ yMu' :jfy{ b' j 5' wfM;f
yMoft ;fMk x] b'Mv ljplk+ wofu' j|hgfylk+ vfF,
yldt g+ 7]ufg nuo\ofo]dflgu' vM . vf; vFnf
jxfb'/ zfx g]kfM jOu' h';]+ln k|tfkl;+xof Ono\
if8\oGqof tfgfjgf tfgfjfgf yfgfRj+Dx :j?k
l;+x sfsL{ ;'gfg+ d;Ls g]kfM TjMtfM la:o'+jg .
j|hgfy lj:o'+nf dj+ t/ jxfb'/ zfx vgfM Uofnf
UofM t/ y'Dx kl08toft 5' ljZjf; b'u' vg]
b' wfM;f y'Dx kl08tof snft+ /fh]Gb|nIdLoft
dGq Go+sf tMu' x'lg+ u'//df+of efMtoft oMoMy]
ofo]km} dv' wofu' g+ 5u" ljZjf; vg]b' .
jxfb'/ zfx g]kfM lnYo+;]ln nfo\s"of ns;M
jxfb'/ zfx g]kfM j;]l+ n nfo\sn ' L xf+swfs
hdo\ofgf Rj+lk+ cuf]vf{nL u'6of d:tLnf uno\
h'n wfM;f uf]/vfnL ef/bf/to\ wfM;f oSj ;'/
yxf+jMu' vg]bt 5fowfM;f axfb'/ zfx k[YjLgf/f0f
zfx y]+ ;'/jL/ wfM;f uf]/vfnL ef/bf/to\t
sb/ ofODx vM . jxfb'/ zfx g]kfM Yog] ;fy
j|hgfyoft /fhsfh d'2f nuo\ ofgfM rf/kft]
d'8o] ofgfM sfzLjf; 5\joljn wfM;f ;/bf/
k/z'/fd yfkfoft s}bo\ tn . drfj'O ;fy+ ;lt
5\jo]u' SjMl5gf tMDx k|tfk l;+x zfxof oMDx
snfM ædoh' /fgLÆ oft g+ drf j'ofM nlR5 bo]j+
;lt 5\jofljn . zfxsfnof Oltxf;o\ /fhgLlts
k|ltzf]wof nflu ha/h:tL ;lt 5\jo]u' Yj
Gxfkf+u' h'n . lnkf eLd;]g yfkf+ y'lsoft x]
cg';/0f ofgfM /fh/fh]Zj/Loft ;lt 5\jMu' vM .
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof Ono\ g]kfM TjMtf
jgfRj+lk+ bndb{g zfx j dxf]BfdsLlt{
zfxoft aGbf]aj:tLsf ;fy sfzL 5\jofljn .
ygyfo\ts\s Yo+jno\ /fh]Gb|nIdLof zlQm cfkfM
x] yMxf+jo] w'+s"u' vg]b' . vf; x] wfo]u' vM;f
jxfb'/ zfxof cfjZostf DjfMn] w'+s"u' vg] b'
5fo\wfM;f lj/f]wL wfSj jxfb'/ zfxof jMsofM
;fkm ofo] w'+s"u' vM;f /fhdftf /fh]Gb|nIdLoft
dfMsy+ ;fy ljODx jof+ lk|okfq h'ofRj+Dx
;j{hLt /fgf j joflshf j+w'/fgf bofRjg] w'+s"u'
vM . pls+ jxfb'/ zfx+ ygyfo\ ts Yo+jno\ cKjM
h'O w'+s"u' vg]b' .
axfb'/zfxof ktgof gfk+ jlGb M
yMu' :jfy{ k" dj+tn] jxfb'/ zfx j /fh]Gb|
nIdLof by'O ;xnxsy+ zf;g GXofMu' vg]b,' t/
Yj ;xnxof zf;g tfpt dRjg jxfb'/ zfx
g]kfM b'xf+j;f+lg;]+ klZrdof l;dfgf j[l4 ofo]u'
Wofg tMu' vg]b,' 5fo\wfM;f k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx yMu'
hLjg hMl5 uf]/vfof r]k] v';L kf/L jg] dk'mu'
vM . y'lsof nflu bsno\ Gxfkf kMvf w}u' tgx'F
/fHo vM;f bf];f| ] ndh'Ë vM tgx'F cfqmd0fof vFo\
ttfMh' j lshfetof by'O srdr z'?h'n vf;
vFnf 5' wfM;f /fh]Gb|nIdL g+ o'4 ofo]doMDx vM;f
k|tfkl;+x zfxy]+ u'ln b' pln x] df]hdHhf ofo]t
ufM wfODx vM . z'? cj:yf+lg;]+ dlhdufgf hs
/fh]Gb|nIdL jxfb'/ zfxof ;fy+ sfMu' vM;f z+sf
pkz+sf oyfjt vg]b' yy] x] z+sf pkz+sfof+
b'g] khgLof O{ Yo+sMjn . zfxsfnof k|f/Delg;]+
lj=;+= @))& ;fn ts Yj khgL Joj:yf sfod
x] h'ofRj+u' vg] b' . khgL wofu' sd{rf/Lof
Joj:yfkg vM wfo]km' . pu' Ono b]zo\ 5sM khgL
h'Ou' vM. cy] khgL wofu' df]xgL GxoM h'Ou' vM .
khgL ;'+ g+ sd{rf/Lof kbf]Gglt, vf];j' f h'Ok'm
wfM;f khgLof lznlznfo\ 5' g+ c8\8f -clkm;_
of x] lj36g g+ h'Ok'm wfM;f Gx"u' c8\8fof ;[hgf
g+ h'Ok'm . pu' Ono\ ;'g+ sd{rf/Lof hflu/of
:yfoLTj db' . sd{rf/Lt k'ms khgL GoM jgLlk+
Uof Uof Go+ jgLu' vM . yy] khgLs'Gx' sd{rf/Lof
u[x0fLt ;'y GxfKkf+ BMofyfo\ k'hf jg]u' kf7
k'hf ofs]uo' f gfk+ u[x0fLt ck;+ RjgfM k'hf
Sjyfo\ k'hf cfhf ofgf RjgLu' vM . tfls yM
efMtlklg hflu/] ydf}tL h'Odf wsf vM . Yj vF
lh+ lhld df+kfv]+ Gogftofu' vM 5fo\wfM;f lhld
jfM /f0ffzf;gof sd{rf/L vM . Yj khgL /f0ff
zf;g+ k|f/De dh"jno\ h'ho' f Nxflt vM;f h'ho' f
oMsy+ khgL ofOu' vM . Yj x] khgLof Joj:yf x]
eLd;]g yfkfof ktgof z'?jft h"u' vM . Yj Ono\
wfM;f khgLof xtf{stf{ /fh]Gb|nIdL vM . khgL
zlQmoft hËaxfb'/ h'ho' f Nxflt+ yMu' NxftL sfMu'
vM .
Yj x] khgL ttfMh' /fh]Gb|nIdL j lshfet
jxfb'/+ zfxof by'O dgd'tfj h'n . jxfb'/ zfx+
klZrdof l;dfgf+ j[l4of nflu ;]gf j[l4 ofo]u'
yf}+sGx] no\kf} 27
kIfo\ vM;f /fh]Gb|nIdL jxfb'/ zfxof ;]gf
j[l4of of]hgf yMoft vt/f v+;]+ln /fh]Gb|nIdL
/fhdftfof zlQm k|of]u ofgf yM oMDx ef/bf/
;j{hLt /f0ffoft ;fyo\ sofM axfb'/ zfxoft
alGb toljn wfM;f b]zof zlQmof bf]>f] JolQm
;j{hLt /f0ffoft bo]sfM zf;g GXofs"u'
vg]b' . yy] axfb'/ zfxoft jlGb tMu' va/ l;Oj+
jgf/;o\ g]kfMof k|ltlglw h'ofRj+Dx k+ uh/fh
ld> AjfFo\ jofM axfb'/ zfxoft Tjtsf+ ttfMh'
lshfetof by'O d]n to]sf ysn . t/ y'lsoft
d]n wfOdv' 5fo\wfM;f /fh]Gb|nIdL+ jxfb'/
zfxoft u'?+ uh/fh ld>of Ogfko\ TjMtfnf
ljn t/ Hof wfM;f 5'+ dljn . Yj jxfb'/ zfxof
nflu+ 5'6sf/f dv' ;f;gf y]+ h"jg .
jxfb'/ zfx j /fh]Gb|nIdLof by'O ;Qf ;+3if{ M
u'? uh/fh ld>of Ogfk sy+ jxfb'/ zfxoft
jlGb+ d'Qmnf ofgfljn, t/ Hof wfM;f 5'+ dljpm . Yj
Ono\ jof nfo\sn ' L jxfb'/ zfxof kIfo\ ef/bf/t
b'u' vg] b' . ljz]if ofgfM k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof lshf
u'Dx k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof cGTo cj:yfts+ gfk+
b'Dx bnhLt zfx jxfb'/ zfxof hjh{:t ;dy{g
g+ vM . dxf]BfdsLlt{ zfxof sfo\ jneb| zfx g+
jxfb'/ zfxof kIfo\ vM . cy] x] pu' Ono\ nfo\
s'nL jf]njfnf h'ofRjlk+ >Lxif{ ky, j j+zw/ kf+8]
g+ jxfb'/ zfxof kIfo\ vM . jxfb'/ zfx+ yMlk+hs
NxftLsof tMu' x] Ono\ /fhdftf /fh]Gb|nIdL j
;j{hLt, /f0ffof by'O cg'lrt ;DaGw b' wofu'
xNnf Jofks ?k+ h'n . Yj x] lnw+;fo\ lj=;+=
!*#% efb| kfv] jxfb'/ zfx /fhdftfoft jGbL
tn wfM;f ;j{lht /f0foft rfGXo\ :ofgfljn .
if8\oGqof 3f6k|lt3f6o\ bsno\ Gxfkf ;j{lht
/f0ffof lx SjHjn . yg+lg;]+ g]kfMof Oltxf;o\
if8\oq+ xTofof ?k nfn jxfb'/ zfx zf;gtxno
28 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
;j];{ jf{ h'n . k"j{ kfv]+ g]kfMof l;dfgf lti6f
v';LtSs Yo+;f+ klZrdkfv]of uf]/vf pHofxf+
jg] dk'mu'oft cfM jofM jxfb'/ zfx klZrdkfv]
GXofMjg]t of]hgf bo]so] f nflu yMu' d'sfd
uf]/vfo\ jgfM Rj+jgfRj+u' vM;f /fh]Gb|nIdLof
/]vb]vof nflu bnlht zfx j jneb| zfxof
NxftL TjMtftMu' vM. /fh]Gb|nIdL g+ rfMr"of ld;f
vg]db' . jlGb cj:yfo\ x] jlGb cj:yf+ 5'6s \ f/f
h'Ot uf]Ko ?k+ jgf/; RjgfRjlk+ ssfjfMh'
h'ofRj+Dx dxf]Bfd\sLlt{ zfxoft Gofolg;fkm
ofo]t g]kfM jo]t Ogfk ofgfM uf]Ko ?k+ dg"
5\jn . k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof Ono\\ dsjfgL /fHoof
d'Vo JolQmdfg lgo'Qm doft wsfM t+ lksofM
:jod\ lgjf{l;t h'ofRj+Dx /fh]Gb|nIdLoft Gof+o
ljOt g]kfM :jof jn d]Dx /fh]Gb|nIdL+ ;Mt"Dx
k+ j|hgfy kf}8ofn g+ vM. g]kfMof nfos" jf+nfs
Dx:o"Dx j|hgfy g]kfMnf djM t/ j cg x] RjgfM
tGqdGq ofgfM jxfb'/ zfxof ktgof nflu ;fwgf
ofgfRj+u' w}u' va/ g+ uf]Ko?k+ jDx dg"of NxftL
5\jof xMu' vg]b' -cfrfo{ @)@@–&(_
Yj Ono\ jxfb'/ zfx uf]/vfo\ RjgfM
klZrd g]kfMof l;dfgf a[l4of nflu of]hgf
bo]s' bo]s'+ ofgfRj+jno\ dxf]BfdsLlt{ zfx
PsfPs xg'dfgWjfvf nfo\s'nL bflvnf h"
jn . dxf]BfdsLlt{ zfxoft bnhLt zfx j
jneb| zfx+ kg] dfMu' vM, t/ yld;+ kg] dk'mt
5fo\wfM;f+ dxfBfdsLlt{ zfx+ bnhLt zfxof
bfh' vM;f jneb| zfxof cj' vM pls+ cld;+
kg] dk'mu' vM . dxBfdzfx yMu' x] sy+ Gofo
lg;fkm ofgfM ;kmfO ljn . /fh]Gb|nIdL+ xfg+
/fhfdftf h'n wfM;f bnhLt zfx rf+ rf+ lj:o'
jg wfM;f uf]/vfo\ RjgfRj+Dx jxfb'/ zfxoft g+
va/ ljofM lj:o's] o+sn .
 /fh]Gb|nIdLof cdfgjLok"0f{ Hof M uf]/vf
lj:o'+ jMDx jxfb'/ zfx+ xfg+ j]ltofo\ Rj+g .
/fh]Gb|nIdL :jR5Gb h'n . 5' O{ lnkf yMoft
:jtGq ofgfljpDx dxfBfdsLlt{ zfxoft g+
j|Dx"oft bfofM :oft wofu' cleof]u ljofM b]z+
lkltgfljn wfM;f ef/bf/L ;efo\ ;j{lht /f0ffof
lshf jGw' /f0ffoft d'Vo ef/bf/ lgo'Qm oft y'ls+
u'ln+ u'ln+ ef/bf/t TjxfM tofM b]o\ TjMtfjg .
zfxsfnlg Oltxf;o\ doMlk+ wfSjl;t
:ofgfM zf;g rno\ ofo]u' g+ /fh]Gb|nIdLof
On+lg;]+ z'? h'n 5\o+ cfkfM vF h'Odv' . k|tfkl;+x
zfxof cfkfM ljZjf; tGqdGqo\ vM . tGqdGq
GXofu'+ ofo]km' wofu' jof ljZjf; vM . tGqdGqof
l;l4 k|fKt ofo]t Bf+nfgfM k'hf cfhf ofo]dfMu'
h'ofRjg cy] Bf+nfsfM k'hf cfhf ofMu' x'lg+ /f]u
Joflw+ k|tfkl;+xof d[To' h"u' vM w}u' vF lnsofM
k|tfkl;+x zfxoft tGqdGq ;fwgo\ Ujfxfln
ofMlk cfrfh'to\t k|f0f b08 ljOu' SjMl5gf
plsoft dxf/fhflw/fh h'ofRj+Dx gfjfns v]+
tsg+ jf+nfs Nxfo] d;MlgDx /0faxfb'/ zfxof
gfd y'sy+ cfb]z hf/L ofMu' vg]b' ædxf/fhf
/0faxfb'/ zfxn] d'dfHo"sf] ;Nnfx lnO{ cfrf/
x?nfO{ -cfrfh'lk+_ af]nfO d]/f] a'afnfO{ dGq
k|of]u u/L cNkcfo' ug]{ x'gfn] oL ufyufbL
buf u+g+] x'g egL OGb|f0fL kL7 ;lGwdf nu]/
w]/} cfrf/x?nfO{ sf6L dfl/lbP -cfrfo{
@)^)–!@^_ y'sy+ cfrfh'lkGt :ofo]u' wofu'
huGo ck/fw vM vf; vFnf cfrfh'lk;+ s/a/+
k|tfkl;+x zfxoft tGqdGq :o+lk dv' . k|tfkl;+x
lnw+;f ;k"m
!= cfrfo{ afa'/fd @)^)– >L % k|tfkl;+x zfx
@= cfrfo{ afa'/fd @)@@–g]kfnsf] ;+lIfKt j[tfGt gL/ljqmd Kof;L
#= g]kfn 1fgdl0f @)%@–g]kfnsf] dxfef/t ;femf k|sfzg
zfx :jo+ yMx] lqz'nL 8anL cfrfh'lk;+ k'hf
cfhf ofgfRj+u' vgf tGqdGq :og]u' nfnlot+
h'of :o+u' vM u'lsof ljj/0f y'sy+ vg]b' æPs
lbg lqz'n 8anLof cfrfh'lk+ o1 u/]sf] gh/
x'bF f logLx? tf j|fDx0f xf]Ogg\ s'g k|sf/n] o1
u/] eg] x'sd ' x'bF f tGqzf:qsf k|df0fn] o1
u/] eGg] hfx]/ eof] . clg tGqzf:qx? lemsfO
gh/ ubf{ To;sf] dt al9of /x]5 eGg] 7fg]
clg t'nhf b]jLsf] bz{g ug{ OR5f u/L c?
zf:qaf6 k|Voft ePsf] u'XodGq / b]jb]jLsf]
/x:o Wofgcfud a'‰gfnfO{ bLIff u|x0f gu/L
clwsf/ gx'g] x'gfn] bLIff lngfnfO{ dGqzf:q
hfGg] j|fDx0f nlntk'/sf sLlt{/fhfgGb pkfWofo
;'sn ' nfO{ u'? kbjL lbO dGq ;'g/] lgTok'hfx?
u/fPÆ cfrfo{–y'sy+ k'i6 l;Ob' k|tfkl;+x yMo;]+
b]vf sofM tGqdGq Wofgo\ tMu' wofu' , t/
y'lsoft x] ;fwg bo]sfM ;Dejt do\h' /fgLof
dg" h'ofRjlk+ cfrfh'lkGt :ofMu' vMnf wofu'
z+sf ofo]yfo\ nF yM doMlk+ wfSjl;t nfvfkfvf
ofo]u' j :ofo]u' of;]l+ n vf;o\ wfo]u' vM;f cfM
jofM /fh]Gb|nIdLof lj/f]wL ;'+ dGt yy] h';l+] n
df]hdHhf ofo]uk' fv] h'n wfM;f nfos"of ld:t
cyf{t Sjyf drf, åf/]df+ wfOdf+, t]nf/L gfgL,
-lrs j'sLDx_ ;';f/]–gfgL cg]s gfgLlkGt ;n
uo]sfM yM g+ 9fn t/jf/ wfgfM /fh]Gb|nIdL
;n uofM b]o\ rfMXo"u' vg]b' . yy] df]h dHhfo\
hLjg ofkg ofgf RjRj+ x] lj=;+= !*$@ Ifo/f]u
-u+Njr+_ sofM dGt . ef/bf/to\ ;j{ ;Ddlt+ /fHo
;+rfngof jxfb'/ zfxoft gfojL rog oft .
yf}+sGx] no\kf} 29
;dfnf]rgf
‘l5 :ofgf xTof’, 5u" af+nfMu'
lr–pkGof;=====
lul/hf k|;fb hf]zL wfo]ano\ 5Dx slj,
5Dx dfi6/ j yLyL ljwfo\ uy] Do], n3' pkGof;,
v08 sfJo, pkGof; cn] drf pkGof; y]+ d'Ss+
Vono\ NxfM HjMDx Rjld j ld;ftkfv]+ dg
Sj;fMDx wof ug+ Ajgfu' vM . jo\sMof pkGof;
yDx+ Ajgfu' rflxF æl5 :ofgf xTofÆ x] bsno\
Gxfkf+ v';L vM .
lul/hf k|;fb hf]zLof æl5 :ofgf xTofÆ ;km"
5u" lrlsrfMw+u' pkGof; u'lsof BjM /~hgf
lnlk+ 5fo]lkof tMu' gfk+ plsoft Njo]s v'l;
;L 5Dx ld;f jgfRj+u' lskf t;s+ NjMu' h'n
;f Yj ;km"of lksfsM ci6d'lg u'efh' kNk;f
;flxTo VoM g]=;+= !)(^ lrNnf, xf]lnk'lGxs'Gx'
lkb+u' h'ofRjg . d's+ $^ Nof kf} of Yj ;km"
v'u" Bfo\ b'g] SjrfMu' b' . Yj ;km'tL ljwfut
sy+ 5'+ x] wof dtMu' gfk+ Rjldof yMu' dgt'gf
vF g+ b'Yofsf dtMu' vg]b' . ;km" AjAj+ jgf 5u"
x] syfj:t'O dfM xgf jgfRj+u' x'lg+ y'lsoft
lr–pkGof; wof . cfM ;km"of ljifo j:t'O b'xfF
jg] .
uf]kfn dfi6/ 5Dx cfly{s ns; sy+
lrldDx dfi6/ . yDx+ Aj+sfRj+u' Ajg]s'yL 5'+ vF
ldno\dh'ofM 5u" uf+of Ajg]s'yL dfi6/ h"jgL .
lr–pkGof;of Gxfkf+of Ajo\ uf]kfn dfi6/of
5Dx ld;fgfk+ dltgf h'O . syf j:t'sy+
30 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
bLks /fh æVjkÆ
dfi6/+ yM oMToM h"Dx ljBfyL{ ld;foft kfM
kmo]s"u' h'O . ;To jo] vM < lh :ofgf xTof
jo] vM < wofM . Yj ‰jno\ l5 :ofgf xTof jo]
vM wsfM ln;M Jo"u' x] ;km"of 5'df+ . cy]nf
ld;fto\ nLnf ck/+kf/ wfO . yy] kfM kmofM g+
uf]kfn dfi6/oft gfknfM djMu' h'O . vo\tnf
j ld;f dfi6/of levf 5]F g+ Yog] w'+s"u' h'O .
gfk+ Rjld yDx+ yMu' 5]Fof xljut pnf SogfbLu'
b' uy] ls hf go] wofM Ujf/rf g}u' pu' O{of
g]kfMof l:ylt rs+s Gx\oAjofbLu' b' . uf]kfn
dfi6/ofsy+ j ld;fof kf;f /fddfofof vF
Gogf yMt TjMt"u' efM Ko"u' h'O . dfi6/of 5]F,
rs6L, nf;fo\ cn] vftfo\ lrk h'Ow'+u' cn]
kfM kmof g+ djMu' rflxF yMu' 5SjfMu' 5]F j
pOFrf y+HjMDx df+of sfo\ofs] g+ jgL nf wof
/fddfof+ s'+lvgf Jo"u' x'lg+ vM ls wof /fddfof
nFo\ gfknfM;f+ pln x] dtfo]s'O dfi6/+ . cy];f+
tla j}t ;/fM rflx+ dJo" . plsof cMv yM
oMDx ld;fof a'l4oft Rj5fO . pls+ g+ uf]kfn
dfi6/ ufdo\of Ajg]s'yL Aj+s jg]u' dg ofO
5Dx kf;fof ;Nnfx cn] dgo\ cg ufdo\ yMt
NjMDx tMldDx dv';]+ lrldDx 5Dx ld;f bo]df
eujfg wofM u0f]BMoft n'd+sL .
lgu"u' Bfo\ uy] y'v] dfi6/of ufdo\ 5Dx
af+nfMDx ld;f bo]df wofM dGt'gL cy]x] ufdo\
rflx+ cfM j}Dx dfi6/ Jofxf dh"Dx Dx tMlwsM
h'ofM eltrf u+l;Dx cn] kfOGt GxofODx h'Odf
eujfg wofM cg dWo] af+nfMDx Nof;]Dx ld;fof
g+ dg h'Ou' Rjld+ SogftMu' h'n . ufdo\ Rj+lk+
ldh+to\;+ j ld;foft xfo]sf RjgLu' ls cfM
j}Dx dfi6/+ 5+t x] o+sL h'O lg Yj ufdo\
af+nfMDx Nof;]Dx 5 x] nf vMlg wofM luho\
ofgfh'O . Rjld+ yg j ufdo\ Rj+lk+ af+nfMlk+
ld;ft Gx\ofDx+ dfi6/+ o+lsu' sy+ SogftMu' b' .
Rjld efh'+ pu' O{ of Hofk' hfltof ns;sy+
‰ofno\ KjnMrf df ovfgftMu' Gxo\AjofbLu' b'
uy] ‰ofno\ Rj+u' t's+ df jx] Nof;] lhtM df
w}u' nf]s+ xjfMu' g]jfM Do] y]+ . yy] dtLtofM
yMt oMDx j ul/a wofM x]ko\ dofODx, a]OHht
dofODx 5Dx ld;f bo]df wfwf+ uf]kfn dfi6/
ufdo\ jgL . nFo\ jj+ yMt dfof ofODx tMldDx
ljBfyL{oft n'd+sL Gxo\bF, Gxo\bF GXoMof j n'
dfi6/+ n'd+sf jgf+RjgL . ts{gf ofof+ jgfRjgL
j dltgfld u'Dx bsno\ GxoMg] RjgLDx j
ld;fdrf u'Dx]l;of ;km" sofM x] cfvM Aj+s]u'
aflg sy+ h'O . j+ larfM ofO 5SjM d]Dx
ljBfyL{of ;km" sofM Aj+s"ano\ j ld;f drf+
yMu' ;km" laofM d]Dx ljBfyL{of ;km" lntJo"u' n'
g+ dfi6/+ n'd+sL . tMldDx j a'l4 b'Dx j ljBfyL{
lnkf yMu' dfof lntsfMu' . jof dfi6/gfk+
nf dfof b' cy] g+ dfi6/of lrldkggfk rflx+
dfof db'u' . pls+ nf woftMu' h'O k'nf+lk+;+
ls :jfk" :jfo]u' rflx+ yMu' HjM gfk+ wof .
yHjMu' x] vF dtL tt+ uf]kfn dfi6/ jj+ v'l;
l;yo\ nfMjgL . y'ano\ x] uf+of 5Dx ld;f+ ;M
laO dfi6/ em;+u jgL . nF lngf dj+;]+ v'l;
;L lngf jgfRj+u' vgfM ld;f lGxnfRjgL . yy]
yMu' GxoMg] yDx+ BM ofs] km\jgfy]+ ld;f vgfM
;+;f/o\ BM b' w}u' dtL tO . lgDx]l;of vF
h'O . uf]kfn dfi6/ :jof Gxfkf ufdo\ jMDx
dfi6/+ g+ ufdo\ Rj+Dx ld;f o+s"u' vF h'O . cy]
x] h'h'+ lgDx]l;ofM oMToM h'O . lgDx+ ul/alk+
cn] lgDx+ wgLlk+ vgfM 3rfOlk+ . y'ano\ x]
;u{o\ KjfnKjfn lyO . ;v] dfi6/ j ld;fof
oMToMoft ;'jfM Jo'y]+ tfo]sL . l5ldu' oMToM
cd/ h'Odf w}y]+ . dfi6/+ 5]Fof u0f]BM n'd+sL .
x] eujfg lhlk+ lgDx u'an]+ x] afo\ DjfMn]df
wofM .
yy] uf]kfn dfi6/of dg+ t'+;] k'j+sf ufdo\
yMu' hLjg xgfRjgL . cy] g+ jof dg cl:y/ .
yM Gxfkfof dltgfld n'dgf x] RjgL . wfOu' b' lg
hLjgo\ bsno\ Gxfkf+of dltgfldoft lhj+sfl5
NjMd+s] kmOdv' wofM . dfi6/oft g+ cy]x] h'O .
y'ln ts h'O uf]kfn dfi6/oft ls Aj+sfRj+u'
Ono\ tfkfs+ ;'+ 5Dx ld;f ufdo\ kfv] :jof
jnls x] yM Gxfkfof dltgfld jn ls wofM dg
h'O dfi6/oft . y'v] ufdo\ of ld;fof Kjfyo\
bo]w'+sL . GxofSj x] ufdo\of ld;f gfk+ dltgf
h";f+ Gxfkfof ld;foft NjMd+s] kmOdv' . cy] g+
tMld lrldof ufMoft ufdo\ Rj+Dx ld;f+ yMu'
d]xgt+ j:t'efp nlxgf nMNxfgflaO . bF abF lnkf
dfi6/lk+ g tMld h'O . 5]F, a'F, df]6/ km's+ bO .
hLjg ;'v+ sfn xgfRjgL .
;do sfn yMu' dtfk+ lxnfRjgL . 5Gx' j
ufdo\ uf]kfn dfi6/oft dfdf+ tMldDx Gxfkfof
yf}+sGx] no\kf} 31
ld;f jof+ x] TjMtL . Gxfkfof dltgfldoft yM
Rjg]u' Sjyfo\ tofM cfvM Aj+s] Hof ofgfRjgL .
yf}+ jOnf sGxo\ jOnf y]+ Rj+Dx ld;f yMu' Sjyfo\
tof Ajg]s'yL 5'6L ofsfM v'l; ;L jgf larfM ofM
jgL . 5' ofo]u' uy] ofo]u'of wd{ ;+s6o\ . dgof
5s"+rf+ yMDx Gxfkfof dltgfld TjMt] km}dv'
wfO;f d]v] ufdo\of ld;f u'Dx]l;g+ yMt ;+;f/
v+sflan ;'v l;Osf lan j}t uy] TjMt] kmO n]
wofM g+ vF NxfsfRjgL .
Uff]kfn dfi6/ lgu" gf+rfo\ knfM tMDx 5Dx
dg" cy] g+ 5sn+ rflx+ dv' . Gxfkfof gf+rf+
yMt s't'+sf j ug j+ ug j+ h"u' h'n . plsof
lnRjsy+ uf]kfn dfi6/ jo]F x] h'OTo+u' . lnkfof
gf+rfo\ j ;'v :o"u' vM . ufdo\ x] Rjgf g+ yMu'
gf+rf pv]+y'v]+ Gxo\fsfRj+u' vM .
Yj x] em\jno\ Rjldof t;s+ af+nfMu' gfk+
Rj5fo] axu' vFUjM rflx+ ;'v w}u' x] ;+;f/o\ yMDx
oMDx gfk+ hLjg xg]u' cn] b'Mv w}u' x] ;+;f/o\
yM oMDx gfk+ afofRjg]u' wofM u'u' Rjoftn y'ls+
dg y'+bL . 5u" Uofg g+ Jo" .
GxofUu'yh' uf]kfn dfi6/+ ;f]emf l;wfDx
Kjfyo\ b'Dx ufdo\of ld;foft wf]vf dlaOu'
SjM5L . cn] 8]/fo\ jgfM lkofRj+Dx ld;foft yMu'
hLjgo\ ofMu' ef]u km's+ Kj+sflaO . Woafof lglt+
x]ko\ofMDx ld;foft km's+ Go+sL . yMu' lskf 5kfM
x] dJo"Dx ld;foft j+ gfnLdv' . yy] ttM;n+
xfnfRj+u' 5]F y'jf+ tfof Olk+ lgDx]l;t ;Dem]ofsL
lgDx]l;t+ dfof ofgf to]u' wofM . dfi6/+ 5]F
y'jfMof ;Nnfx dfgo\ dh';] Sjyf TjMtfjgL j
ld;f jg]w'+sfM hs jo] wofM .
32 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
æl5 :ofgf xTofÆ of lnkf+u' Bfo\ 5u" b'vb
cGt SogftMu' b' . cHofMu' vF j uf+ Go+s+
YogL ls dfi6/of snfM jMu' wof . u'lsof
lnRjM ufdo\ Rj+Dx ;f]emfDx ld;foft nfO .
uf+of j ld;f ;'gf+ dfi6/oft tMld ofgflan
;'vof ;+;f/ v+sflan u'Dx nf j uf+of bsno\
Nof;]Dx j af+nfMDx ld;f ;'gf+ nf yM ;'of+
lny' h'of nf l;gfj+;f+ jg]dv' a? Jofxf x]
ofo] dv' wofM 5u" sy+ jrg x] ofgf h"Dx
ld;foft yf}+ cg+ j yg+ j dbo]s af+dnfMu'
;M Yjo]sf laO . y'lsof 5u" of+ 5u" hs nF
w}u' x] cfTdxTof h'O . l5 :ofgf xTof wfwf+
ug 5Dx cjnf+ v'l; w/+ Ajfo]u' l;jfo\ 5'+
db'u' Rjld+ Gxo\AjofbLu' ;d;fdlos x] h" .
lg/fzDx dfi6/ ufd+ 5]F lnxfFjO . nFo\ jj+ x]
GxfkfofDx dltgfld yfo\ jg] x] dv' wofM g+
pv]kfv] x] t'lt Gxo\fO . cg jgf dfi6/+ l;O
ls jof dltgfld g+ dbo]w'+sL . pkGof;sf/
efh' lul/hf k|;fbof Yj pkGof;of clGtd n'
w}u' dfi6/ g+ yMu' 5]F jofM l;Ou' . yy] Rjld+
lgu" gf+rfo\ knfM tOlk+ n's'+ dJo';]+ dufM w}
sy+of larfM Jotm ofgftMu' wfTy]+ Rj5fo] axM
h" .
cGto\ Yj pkGof; d'Ss+ dgf]efjgf+ hfMu'
arfMw+u' h'ofM g+ d]u' pkGof;t :jofM 5' g+ sy+
Dxf] dh"u' k'nf+u' O{of 5kfM Gxfo\s+sy+ tTsflng
;dfhof tMld lrldof u'u' ufM vM plsoft
Uo;'nfs SogftMu' 5u" dfld{s ;fdflhs cn]
t;s+ Rj5fo] axMu' lr–pkGof; h"u' b' .
;'efo\
;dfnf]rgf
‘;+:s[ltsf s]xL kIf’ kfv] 5k'n'
GXofgfRj+u' v';L yMu' nFk'of k+uM
k'nfM GXofMjgL . cy] x] sfe|] lhNnf lgjf;L
;+:s[ltljb\ 1fgsfhL dfgGw/h'of lzh{gzLn
snd GXofs]t jo\sMof pd]/+ kg]dk'm . Rofu"
bzs k'n]w'+s"u' pd]/o\ g+ jo\sn+ yMu' 1fgof
cg'ej cg';Gwfgd'ns lem+5k' Rj;' b'YofsfM
g]kfnL efiff+ æ;+:s[ltsf s]xL kIfÆ gf+u' ;k"m
lkygflbn .
;+:s[lt ;DalGw n]vof nflu cfVofg,
ls+jblGt, k|rlnt hg>'lt cflb hs kof{Kt
dh" . ;f+:s[lts ;Dk|bfoof lgl/If0f, yLyL
j+zfjln, clen]v, lznfkq, tf8kq, wd{u|Gy,
Yof;k"m cflbof cWoog cg';Gwfg cfjZos h" .
b]uM, kmNrf, ba" cflb yf;o\ eQmhglk+ d'gfM
;'yo\ jxlg+ ehg ofOu', b]uMof Tjfgfl;Fof k|:t/
sfnfs[lt, b]uMof ltls‰ofM, b]uMof hMvMof NjxF
lxlt, k'v', cfVofg kLn"u' BMKofv+, cflb emLu'
;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf vM .
hfjflåkof …jf]/f]j'b'/Ú gfd k|l;4u' :df/s
lgdf{0f sfo{o\ g]kfMof snfsf/lklgu' of]ubfg b' .
Yj g]kfMof snfsf/lk+ ;+;f/of yL yL d'n'so\
jgfM g]kfMof snf lj:tf/ Rofu" u'+u" ztfAbL+
x] ofMu'of b;' vM . lem+:j+u"u' ztfAbL c/lgsf]+
rLgo\ jgfM d"lt{ j lrqof dfWod+ g]kfM Dx;Lsf
ljn .
Yj ;k"m RjofbLt efh' 1fgsfhLh' efiff
j+zfjln, uf]kfn/fh j+zfjln, b]jdfnf j+zfjln,
ck0ff{ k|wfg
lnR5lj sflng j+zfjln, clen]v, Yof;k"m,
P]ltxfl;s ;k"m, n]v cflb xn+Hjn+t cWoog
ofgfM oSj x] kl/>d ofgfbLu' b' .
;"o{j+zL /fhf ;'d+un+ Hof]ltln{ª pTklQ h"u'
yf;o\ k+rd'lv kz'kltgfyof k|ltdf :yfkgf
oft . ;g\ !#$( ; ;dz'l4gof cfqmd0f Wj:t
h"u' pQm d"lt{ g]=;+ $*) ; EjFt -jg]kf_ of h'h'
hofh'{gb]jof dxfdGqL ho/fd j4{g+ k'g:yf{kgf
oft .
…sfe|]sf s]xL lzjlnËx?Ú gf+u' /rgfo\
sfe|] lhNnf l:yt ;f+ufof ljs+t]Zj/, wf}/VoMof
uf}v'/]Zj/, klGtof OGb|]Zj/, j EjFtof r08]Zj/
lzjlnË j wg]Zj/ cflb yL yL yf;o\ Rj+u'
lzjlnª tyf dxfBMof j0f{g b' .
lrs+ pTkfbg ofOlk+ dfgGw/ hfltof
Oi6b]jtf e}/j vM . lrs+ ;fM b'yfo\ e}/j
:yfkgf ofgftMu' b} . c+z'jdf{of clen]vo\ jl0f{t
ljs6]Zj/ dxfBMoft e}/j woftMu' b' .
uf]v/' ;lxtof lzjlnËof uf]v/' Z] j/ gfd+
k|l;4 h"u' ls+jblGt, …gL/dxfBMÚ gL h"u' of
kf}/fl0fs k|;u+ k'hfljlwof nflu hUuf toftMu',
u'7Lof/to\u' gf+ ljoftMu' j u'7Lof/to\;+
uf]v/' Z] j/ dxfBM hMvMof BMk'hf ofOu' cflb
cfly{s, ;fdflhs j wfld{s k|;u+ GXoygf tMu'
b' .
g]kfMof VjLKo+u" lzjlnËdWo] 5u" k|l;4
lzjlnË OGb|]Zj/ g+ vM . ;nof lrq, d+un;"rs
yf}+sGx] no\kf} 33
j:t', b]uMof Kos'go\ nIdL gf/fo0f, ;To
gf/fo0f, ;"o{ gf/fo0f, s[i0f gf/fo0f j cGo BM
:yfkgf ofgfM tMu' b'. OGb|]Zj/ dxfBMof b]uMof
KoVo]+ Rj+u' Tjfgfl;F oIf, oIf0fL, dxfef/t j
/fdfo0f u|Gyof kf}/fl0fs kfqto\u' lrq, b]jLu0f,
s'j]/, nIdL cflbof afxfF ;lxt BMlklgu' cfsif{s
snf+Wjo] lkof tMu' b' . OGb|]Zj/of pTklQ, b]uM
lgdf{0f tyf lh0ff]{4f/ af/] P]ltxfl;s k|;+u,
uf]kfn/fh j+zfjnL, clen]vo\ j0f{g h'ofRj+u'
b' .
;ltb]jLof Gxfo\k+ s't'+j+yfo\ pTklQ h"u'
lzjlnËof gf+ wg]Zj/ vM. e[u' CifLof ;lR5bFof
tk:of+ k|s6 h"u', lemlgbF -!@ jif{_ s7f]/ tk:of
ofMDx lzjbf; j}iooft wgof j/bfg Ao"u', s'j]/
-wg]z+_ :yfkgf ofu' lzjlnËof gL wg]Zj/ h"u'
efiff j+zfjln tyf g]kfn dxfTDoo\ j0f{g b' .
lzjhLkfv]+ cd/Tjof j/bfg k|fKtDx ;"/
b}To+ ;snk|f0fLto\t b'v ljofM xfxfsf/ dro\
ofgf RjgL . lzjhLof cfsfzjf0fLsy+ lji0f'
eujfg+ hut sNof0fof nflu yMu' 5\o+ yDx
WogL . lji0f'of uw{g lkxfFjMu' lx+ hu8lDsf
ejfgL k|s6 h'ofM ;"/ b}To jw ofO .
rf+u' gf/fo0fof :jKg jf0fLsy+ lji0f' u'Kt+
slnut jif{ ##(# ; bf]nfb|L kj{to\ Gxo\;Mvf 5]F
o'Qm u|fd lgdf{0f ofMu' k|;+u b]jdfnf j+zfjnL
pNn]v b' .
ls+jblGtsy+ ;'bz{g a|fDx0fof sfdw]g' ;/x
b'?aLDx slknf gf+Dx ;f+ tMGx'ts b'? dAo" .
r]jf sfMj+Dx a|fXd0f+ rDks j[If+ ;'Gb/Dx o'js
lkxfFjofM yM ;fofu' b'? Tj+u' vgL . qmf]lwtDx
a|fDx0f+ o'jsofu' 5\o WogfjL . jx] Ono\
lz/ljxLgDx eujfg lji0f' k|s6 h'O . cghfgo\
yMu' NxftL ck/fw h"u'nL yMu' 5\o Wog] TogL .
34 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
cn] lji0f'+ a|fDx0foft yMt a|DxxTofof x'lg+ 5\o
Wo+sf Rjg]dfMu' 36gf sgL .
k/z'/fdkfv]+ wg'lj{wf z'qmfrfo{kfv]+ c:q
ljBf k|fKtDx ;'dtL a|fDx0fof xTof lji0f'of Nxft+
h'O . yM lzioof xTofof td+ z'qmfrfo{ lji0f'oft
;'dtL j+zof a|fDx0fof Nxft+ zL/ 5]8g h'Odf
wsfM ;/fM jL . jx] >fkof x'lg+ ;'bz{ga|fDx0of
NxftL zL/ 5]8g h"u' vM . æjx] yf;o\ zL/
l5Gg h'of Rjg] . a|fDx0foft k'hf/L h'of RjF .Æ
wofM lji0f' cGt/Wofg h'O . lnR5lj h'h' dfgb]j+
rf+u' gf/fo0fof GXoMg] u?8Wjh :yfkgf ofMu'
clen]vo\ pNn]v b' .
bf]nflul/ kj{t l:yt rf+u' gf/fo0f b]uM
k'nf+u' tyf P]ltxfl;s b]uM vM. Yj BMoft rDks
gf/fo0f, u?8 gf/fo0f, rf+kf gf/fo0f cflb wfo]u'
of . t/ eQmhglk;+ cfkfMofgfM rf+u' gf/fo0f
x] wfo]u' ofM . g]kfMof bsno\ k'nf+u' clen]v
b'u' g]kfMof df}lns z}nL b]uMt, k|frLg Pjd\
dfWolds sflng cToGt ;'Gb/ tyf cy{k"0f{
snfs[lt o'Qmu' rf+u' gf/fo0f ljZj ;Dkbfo\
;"rLs[t h"u' b' .
rf+u' gf/fo0f b]uM hMvM bnfg, ehgkf6L,
k'hf/L cfjf;, ;qf}+ ztfAbL b]uM lh0ff]{4f/of
clen]v, /fhf e'kfn]Gb| dNn j nfgL e'jgnIdLof
;flns, cw{uf]nfsf/ tf]/0f, ;f]x|f} ztfAbLofDx
GXoMg] Kokf lnpg] 5kf ofgf GofkfM VjfkfM
lemsf NxfM o'QmDx, u?8o\ nlntf;go\ nIdL
d'no\ toftMDx >Lw/ gf/fo0foft ljZj?k
wfO .
xl/af]lwgL PsfbzLof kfjg kj{o\ ljz+v'
gf/f+, Or+u'gf/f+, z]if -lzv/_ gf/f+ j rf+u' gf/f+
g]kfMof k|l;4 KoDx gf/f+B bz{g ofo]u' d]nf
h'O . Yj KoDx gf/f+BMof k|lt?k b]o\ yfo\d?O
Or+u' gf/f+, lrs+d'unL c6\sf] -rf+u' gf/f+, Gx"Bno\
ljz+v' gf/f+ j a|Dx Tjfno\ z]if -lzv/_ gf/f+
:yfkgf ofgf tMu' b' . tfkfSs jg] dk'mlk+ yg x]
bz{g ofgfM k'0o k|fKt ofO .
Gxfkf g]kfMof rLg j ef/t gfkof Jofkfl/s
If]q bf]nvf vM . jnjfgDx leBM g+ /Iff ofgftMu'
bf]nvfoft ceok'/ g+ wfo]u' ofM . rLg j ef/t
jg]u' nFo\ h+unL hgfj/, v'F, bfv'F cflbof eo\
h'O . pls+ Jofkf/Lt jgL ano\ yMlklgu' /Iffof
nflu le+BMof k'hf cf/fwgf ofgfM jgLu' .
dxfBMkfv]+ ;'/Iffof j/ k|fKtDx s[ifs+ lgu"
nfvts rfMlxn g+ jx] yf;o\ nfO . bf]nfv
-lgu" nfv_ rfMXo"u' yfo\ofu' gf+ bf]nvf h"u'
wfO . ltAjlt efiff+ bf]of NjxF, Nof b]uM, b]uM,
vfof cy{ 5]+ vM . bf]nvf Yj :j+u'M cfvMof
;+o'Qm cy{ NjxFofu' b]uM 5]+ b'u' yfo\ vM . 5Dx
s[ifsof :ogfRj+u' a'F Nxjg]t lembF lem+lgbF g+
l;dwOu' Hof e]ifwf/L leGBM g+ 3f}l5+ l;wo]sfM
lznfof ?ko\ l;4 h"Dx x] bf]nvf leGBM wfO .
u'Ktjf;of Ono\ led;]g+ lzjlnË :yfkgf ofgfM
k'hf cf/fwgf ofMDx x] bf]nvf leGBM, wofu'
hg>'lt b' .
j[4 of]uLkfv]+ leGBMof dlxdf GogfM, lemDx
Jofkf/Lto\;+ yMlklg cf/fWo BM gfnfM ljlwk"j{s
k'hf ofgfM leGBMof :yfkgf ofgfM b]uM bo]s"u'
wfO . Yj b]uno\ kf}of ?ko\ n'+ l;oftMu' gfukf;,
a|Dxf, lji0f' j dx]Zj/of ;s]6 :j?k nLofu'
:jthfMu' uh" b' .
bf]nvf leGBMoft yL yL BMof ?ko\ k'hf
cf/fwgf ofO . lgTo k'hfo\ g+ ljz]if ljlw
b' . /fh k'hf ofo]w'+sfM jln k'hf ofo]dHo"u'
dfGotf b' . r'nsf kl; -r'8fdl0f_ :tDeofaf/]
P]ltxfl;s tyf clen]vof k|;+u b' .
bf]nvf leGBM lznfo\ rMlt jofM g]kfno\
tMu' clgi6 36gf h"u' b' . cHofMjno\ gu/f, u+,
cGo jfB yfO . lbIff k|fKtDx u'7Lof/+ skfo\ g+
rMlt x'of sfO . j skfo\ k|;fbof ?ko\ u|x0f
ofgf k'hf ofgf tO . rMlt x'ofu' skfo\ nfo\s'nL
5\jo]u' rng b' . skfo\ 5\jof xnls nfo\s'ln+
Ifdf k'hf 5\jof xo]dfM .
ækgf}ltsf] ;"o{ d"lt{Æ gLu' n]vo\ kQLof
k|frLg gf+, ;"o{of dxTj, dxf;Tj /fhs'df/ofaf/]
af}4 syg, kgf}tLof ;+:s[lt, lqj]0fL 3f6of
lem+lgbFof d]nf, OGb|]Zj/ dxfBMof kf}/fl0fs
syg, u|Ls ;flxTo\ u|L; j 6«f]o\ o'4o\ ;"o{of
e"ldsf, g]kfMof yL yL yf;o\ Rj+u' ;"o{d"lt{dWo]
dfgb]jof zf;g sfno\ :yflkt o]Fof 6]jxfM
l:yt ;"o{ d"lt{ bsno\ k'nf+u' clen]vof k|df0f
cflb k|;+u GXoAjof tMu' b' .
;"o{tflkgL pklgifbo\ a|Dxf, lji0f' j
dx]Zj/of ;+o'Qm ?k ;"o{ woftn . efujt
uLtfo\ >Ls[i0f+ ;"o{oft cflbTo lji0f' wfMu'
k'/f0fo\ pNn]v b' . g]kfn tyf ef/to\ ;"o{of
k'hf CUj]bLs On+ lg;]+ h"u' b' . ;f}o{ ;Dk|bfo+
k|frLg On+lg;] ;"o{of k'hf cf/fwgf ofMu' w}u'
;"o{d"lt{ :yfkgf k|dfl0ft h" .
kgf}tLof lqj]0fL3f6 ;lQs Rj+u'
dfwjgf/f+of b]uno\ cToGt snfk"0f{ :j+u"
;"o{d"lt{ b' . j :j+u"d"lt{ v'of o+sn lnkf
cw{uf]nfsf/ NjFxto\ Gxo\Dx ;n+ ;fo]sfM piff
j k|To'iff tyf cGo b]jftflklg by'O bgfRj+Dx
;"o{oft ;f}o{ kl/jf/ cyf{t\ RofDx u|x j
cGwsf/of k|tls lgDx b}Toto\t SonfM c?0f
;f/yL /y GXofsfRj+u' pQm ;"o{d"lt{ cToGt
;'Gb/ j cy{k"0f{ h" . Yj ;"o{d"lt{ g]kfMof
snfs[ltof pTs[i6 gd"gf vM .
yf}+sGx] no\kf} 35
 lj=;+= !$%) ; EjFtof dbgl;+x /fdof
kfnfo\ /fhd'NdL j hut d'lNd lgDx bfh'
lshf+ lgdf{0f ofMu' nfo\s" If]qo\ :yflkt ;"o{
d"lt{ ;'/Iffof nflu jg]kf gu/ kflnsf ejgo\
;'/lIft ofgf tofMtu' b' .
æd~h'>L jf]lw;TjÆ n]vo\ 1fg, a'l4 tyf
ljBfofk|tLs d~h'>Loft af}4 hutof k|yd
af]lw;Tj tyf ljZjsdf{of ?ko\ gfn]u' ofM .
d~h'>Loft d+q]Zj/L, dGb]Zj/L, d~h'>L cfbL
gfd+ k'hf cf/fwgf ofO . s[ifLof b]jtf, cnf}lss
zlQmo'Qm k|fljlw1+ g+ gfn]u' ofM Plnz u§Lof …b
u8\; ckm gy{g{ a'l4hdÆ ;k'mtL kß ;Dej j
;+–s–kfof ?k woftn . d~h'>Loft ;/:jtLof
?ko\ ljleGg yf;o\ :yfkgf ofgf tMu' b' .
a'4 j+zof k|yd ljkZjL a'4 tLy{ ofqLof
?ko\ g]kfMof k'0o:yn gfubxno\ :gfg ofO .
ljkZjL a'4of jf0fLsy+ r}q k'lGxs'Gx' dGq AjgfM
bXof dWo efuo\ jf+5jMu' kn]:jf+of k';f+ åMl5kq
o'Qmu' kn]:jf+ XjO . ps]of by'+ :joDe" eujfgof
Hof]lt k|:k'm6g h'ofM cnf}lss Hof]ltk'~h
lkxfFjO . cg b]jtf, bfgj, dfgj, e"t, k|]t,
lkzfr, u?8 cflb jofM k'hf cf/fwgf ofO .
d~h'>L af]lw;Tj s]lzld, pks]zgL lgDx
;+uLgL j lziolk+ gfk :joDe" Hof]lt bz{g ofo]t
gfu bx jO . cgof /d0fLo ns;+ yMu' dgo\
n"u' ljrfMsy+ rf]efM 8f+8f kfnfM nM lkt5jofM
d~h'ktg gf+u' ;x/ gL:jgL . g]kfMof Gxfkf+u'
/fHo :yfkgf ofO . wdf{s/oft h'h' ofgfM
g]kfMof GXokf+Dx ;Eotfof ;+:yfks h'O .
ef/tLo ljåfglk;+ d~h'>Loft ef/tLo,
lrlgofto\;+ rLgof k+rlzif{ kj{to\ hGd h"Dx
rLgof af}4 ljåfg wfo]u' ofM . t/ k'iknfn
>]i7h'+ 5u" klqsfo\ /fhgLlts x'lg+ ef/to\
36 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
k|jf;L hLjg xgf Rj+Dx ;Sjof dxfk'?if wsfM
Rjoflbn .
æb]jL l5Ggd:tfÆ n]vo\ tGq ;fwgfo\
bz dxfljBfof lemDx b]jLlk+ dWo] 5Dx b]jLÆ
l5Ggd:tfof j0f{g b' .
ls+jblGtsy+ 5s l5Ggd:tf b]jL hof j
ljhof -8flsgL j jfl0fgL g+ wfOgLlk+ kf;lk+
gfk dGbflsgL v';L DjMNx" jgL . nFo\ kf;flk;+
go]lkToft wsfM lh2LofgfM g;f ˆjgL . b]jL+ yMu'
5\o+ WogfM :jwfMlx lksfO . lgwfM kf;flkGt 5wfM
lx yMu' 5ogo\ Tj+sL .
5o+ db'Dx h"u'ln Yj b]jL l5Ggd:tf gfd+
k|l;4 h'n . Yj ;k"mof lrqo\ 5HjM bDklQof
of}g qmL8f cj:yfo\ lgj{:q+ bgfRj+Dx l5Gg
d:tf b]jLof ?k eo+s/ j ch"rfof k' .
g]kfMof yL yL lhNnfo\, ef/to\, rLgo\ tyf
cGo b]zo\ l5Gg d;tf b]jLof b]uM b' . ltAato\
ltAalt efiffof x:tlnlvt b]jL l5Ggd:tf
;DalGw ;k"m tflGqs ;k"mof ?ko\ uf]Ko ofgf
to]u' ofM . rf+u'gf/fo0f If]qof otfh" b]uMoft
l5Ggd:tf b]uM wfO . l5Ggd:tfoft rf+u'gf/fo0f
zlQm g+ wfo]u' ofM .
æjg]kfls b]jL r08]Zj/LÆ gf+u' n]vo\ b]jL
r08]Zj/Lofu' lgb]{zg+ sflnut jif{ $!(& ;
h'h' cfgGbb]j+ rLrLw+u' j:tL PsLs[t ofgf Ej+t
-jg]kf_, kGtL, gfnf, wf} VoM, vDk' ->Lv08k'/_
rf}sf]6 j ;f+ufofgf Gxo\u" j:tL lgdf{0f ofMu'
clen]vof j0f{g b' .
u'0fsfdb]j k|yd+ dxfnIdLof lgb]{zg+
:jlguno\ dxfnIdL, dxfsfnL j dxf ;/:jtL
:jDx b]jLlk+ Oitb]jLof ?ko\ :yfkgf ofgfM
;x/of /Ifof nflu ci6 dft[sf :yfkgf ofgfM
BM Kofv+of Joj:yf oft . g]kfMof oSj yf;o\ BM
-u+_ Kofv+ x'Olsu' k/Dk/f cBfjlw k|rng blg .
Ej+toflklg cf/fWob]jL r08]Zj/Loft
s'df/Lof ?ko\ k'hf cf/fwgf ofo]u' k/Dk/f b' .
pls+ r08]Zj/Lof b]uM GXoMg] s'df/Lof jfxfFsy+
wft'oflk+ lgDx DXo\vf :yfkgf ofgf tMu' b' .
r08]Zj/Lof hfqf Sjrfo]sfM BM5]Fo\ lj/fhdfg
oflsu' cf;gof Sjo\ snfTds Dxo\vfof
snfTds lrq lsoftMu' b' .
r08]Zj/L o]F ofDx Zj]t sfnLof DXofo\
s'df/L wfO . pls+ lem+lgbFof 5Sj Ej+tof
nfo\s'nL 8jnL Zj]tsfnL BM -u+_ Kofv x'Os]
xO . Ej++toflklg rfk'hf ofOjno\ kl/jf/of
bsno\ SjsflnDx ld;fdrfoft ysfnL xgf
Gxfkf+ k|;fb jL . ef]l5ef]of vnMof lgDx le;f
drfto\;+ b]jLof d"lt{ cgfj/0f ofOu' k|;+u j
>fj0f dlxgfo\ bFo\bF;+ Ej+to\ s'df/L k'hf ofOu'
cflb b]jLoft s'df/L gfdof b;"t vM .
r08f;"/ b}To+ kfMu' rDks j[If+ r08]Zj/Lb]jL
eujltof ?ko\ k|s6 h'of b}Toofu' jw ofMu'ln+
r08]Zj/Loft eujtLof yLyL gfd+ k'hf
cf/fwgf ofO . r08]Zj/L b]uMof GXoMg] lznf
:tDeo\ eujltof jfxfF sy+ wft' lgld{t lgDx
l;+x :yfkgf ofgftMu' b' .
r08]Zj/Loft yL yL yf;o\ Rj+lk;+ yMlklgu'
yf;o\ Rj+Dx b]jL wfo]u' ofM . t/ r08]Zj/L Ej+t
-jg]kf_ ofDx x] vM . 5fo\wfM;f r08f;'/+ tk:of
ofMu' pu|tLy{, /Qmr08g jg r08]Zj/L ;DalGw
lxdjTv8o\ pNn]v h'ofRj+u' wg]Zj/ dxfBM Yjx]
If]qo\ nfM .
b'gLu' cj:yfof b]uM y'gf ær08]Zj/L dlGb/
k'gMlgdf{0f tyf 5kln ;'wf/ ;ldlt u7g ofgfM
GXfkfofu' x] :j?ko\ cToGt ;'Gb/ dlGb/ k'gM
lgdf{0f oft .
ær08]Zj/L / k|flrg ehguLtx?Æ gf+u'
n]vo\ TjfMTjfMof b]uno\ kmno\ ;'yo\ axlg+ ehg
ofOu' ehg Do]o\ 5olnu' jfBof ;"/ tfn ;lxt
jfB;fwgof gf+, ljleGg TjfMof ehg d08nLof
gf+, BMlklgu' jl0f{t :t'lt, ehgDo] RjofM
nf]slk|o h"lk+ h'h'lklgu' gf+ GXoAjof tMu' b' .
Ej+t -jg]kf_ of lgdf{0f Ono\ lbSkfnof ?ko\
Rofu" lb;fo\ RofDx u0f]BM :yfkgf ofgfM hM vM
n'vf, k'v", kf6L cflb g+ lgdf{0f oft . eQmhglk+
k'v'nL :gfg ofgfM yMyMu' TjfMof kmno\ ;'yo\
jxlg+ ehg ofgf cf/lt ofOu' . cy{ ;lxtu'
ehg Do] r08]Zj/Lof jf;:yfg dl0fdfof kj{t
wsfM GXoAjof tMu' b' . o]Fof k'lGxano\ EjF+tof
u'+u" 8anL :jLlgDx u0f -kfq_ ;lxtof BM -u0f_
Kofv+ k|bz{g ofo]u' k|rng b' . VjfMkfM k'Ou'nL
g+ lj:s+ ljlw b' .
r08]Zj/L ;DaGwL bsno\ k'nf+u' g]=;== %!!
of clen]vo\ ljz]if kj{o\ lgs]; dfgGw/+ nog
r}To u'7Loft Vjft gf+u' :jlk j sf]n Vjft gf+u'
Kou" cfgf a'F tofM plsof cfo:tf+ yL yL gvM
rvM hfqf kj{o\ ofOu' k'hf ljlw, u'7Lof/to\u'
gf+, cflb k|;+u GXoAjoftMu' b' .
æag]kfsf] sGofk'hfÆ n]vo\ EjFt -jg]kf_
s'df/L k|wfg wsfM kl/lrt If]qo\ b]Fo\b;+ s'df/L
k'hf ofOu' k|;+u b' . ci6dft[sf dWo]
r08d'08ljgfl;gL rfd'08f :jod\ s'df/Lof ?ko\
k|s6 h"u' vF cUgL k'/f0fo\ pNn]v b' . r08]Zj/L
b]jLoft x] s'df/Lof ?ko\ k'hf cf/fwgf ofOlk+
EjFto\ Rj+lk;+ bFo\ b;+ ljlwk"j{s s'df/L k'hf
ofgf jMu' b' . lj=;+= !(%( lg;]_ s'df/L k'hf
;'? ofMu' clen]vo\ pNn]v b' .
dNn sfno\ nfo\s" b'yfo\ s'df/L g+ b}u'
g]kfMof wfld{s ;+:s[lt vM . Gxfkf EjF+t g+ lj:s+u'
yf}+sGx] no\kf} 37
/fHo h"u'ln+ cg g+ s'df/L b' . dNn h'h'lklg
s'n b]jL t'nhf ejfgL vM . s'df/Loft tn]h'
ejfgLof k|lts?k gfnfM >4f elQm+ k'hf ofO .
æsfe|] lhNnfsf] k[i7e"lddf jg]kfÆ gf+u'
n]vo\ g]kfMof Rofu" lhNnf+ rfMx'OsftMu'
;f+:s[lts tyf wfld{s b[i6L dxTjk"0f{u' /d0fLo
sfe|] lhNnfof tMu' kIfof j0f{g b' . sfe|] uf+
j knf~rf]s :yfgof ;+o'Qm gf+ sfe|]knf~rf]s
h"u' vM . y'ls knf~rf]s eujtLof lgdf{0f jf/]
clen]vof P]ltxfl;s tYo, pTs[i6 snfs[lt,
OGb|]Zj/ dxfBMof b]uno\ lsoftMu' cfVofg
;lxt k|:t/ snf, sfe|] lhNnf hMvM of GXo\uf+of
BMvM hfqf, kj{, ;f+:s[lts, ;+:sf/ cflbof k|;+u
b' .
g]kfMof k|l;4 KoDx s?0ffdo dWo] gfnfof
s?0ffdo 5Dx g+ vM. a'4 jiff{jf;f yg Rj+ju'
vF :joDe" k'/f0fo\ pNn]v b' . kgf}tLof /fhs'df/
dxf;Tj+ yMu' z/L/of nfWogf drfj"Dx w'F j jof
drfto\t gsfM af]lwTj k|fKt ofgf gdf]a'4 h"u'
k|rlnt af}4 cfVofg vM . a'4+ yMu' k"j{ h'lgof
cl:y b'u' jfs; ldvf ltl:;gf gdf] wfMu'ln+
…gdf]a'4Ú gfd+ x] k|l;4 h"u' wfk" b' . a'4of
:jLlgu" h'lgdWo] 5u" h'lg af}4tLy{:yn gdf]a'4
-gd|f_ oft gfnftMu' b' .
g]kfnefiff+ ag]of cy{ Jofkf/, kf of j:tL
vM. jg]kfof cy{ Jofkf/L lklgu' j:tL vM . g]=;+=
^#& of lznfn]vo\ EjFt -jg]kf_ oft /fhwfgL
wsfM pNn]v h'ofRj+u' b' . Gxfkf wd{k'/ wfOu'
jg]kfof h'h' wg]Zj/of k|;+u Yof;k'mtL pNn]v
b' .
æag]kfsf 9'+u]wf/fx?Æ gf+u' n]vo\ EjFtof
P]ltxfl;s, /fhgLlts, wfld{s, ;f+:s[lt cflb
ljifo gfk :jfk" b'u' blIf0fd'vL u'wfM NjFxlxlt,
38 yf}+sGx] no\kf}
nfo\s" b/jf/of tn]h' ejfgLof :jfk" b'u' NjxF
lxlt, r08f;'/ jB kZrft lxEofMu' Nxfl;n]t
b]jL lqz'n+ ;'of nM lksfMu' wfld{s dfGotfof
NjxFlxlt, :jwf lxlt, tyf Ej+tof yL yL yf;o\
:yflkt NjxFlxlt cflbof k|;+u b' .
zf:qLo b[li6sf]0f+ u'+u"Nof nIf0fof dfGotf+
EjFto\ 8a", r's, jxfM NjxFlxlt cflb u'+u" Nofv+
:yflkt ofgftMu' b' . u'O u'+u" t"+ tofM lgdf{0f
ofgftMu' EjFt -jg]kf_ clt /d0fLo tyf sfe|]
lhNnfof clt dxTjk"0f{ If]q vM .
yM k"j{h+ lgdf{0fofMu' gf/f+lxltof NjxFlxlt+
NMxfo]u' lbg e'Oh;L gf/f+BMof pkb]z+
hf]ltifofs] ;Nnf sfO . :jLlgtf nIf0f o'QmDx
g/jnL ljnls nM jO wfO . af}ofu' cf1f+
kfngof ‰jno\ /fhs'df/ dfgb]j+ yM x] jf} /fhf
wd{b]joft x] cghfgo\ jln jL sL . cno\ NjxF
lx+lt lxjfnf xfO . jf}of xTof/fof Vjf :jo] dToM
wsfM NjxFlxlt km:jO . lkt[xTofof kfkdf]rgof
nflu dfgb]j+ r}To lgdf{0f ofMu' Oltxf;o\ pNn]v
b' . d]u' 53fM NjxFlxlt lgdf{0fof nflu d'xfg
dfn]u' ‰jno\ tGq ;fwgf ofgftMu' snz j
ls;nL lnsof :jo]j+ 5wfM NjxFlxlt+ nM xfo]u'
bLu' hg>'lt b' .
Yj ;k'mtL b'YofMu' lem5k' n]v dWo] rf+u'
gf/fo0f j r08]Zj/L ;DaGwL n]vo\ tMu' k|;+ut
oSj yf;o\ ln;f sofM jofRj+u' b' . kf7slklgu'
nflu lrlgof åfn' ;jfM h'Ok'm . t/ ljåfg Rjld+
dxTjk"0f{ k|;+uoft Wjfy'OsfjLu' s'tM tfo]sf .
g]=;+= !!$) lbNnfuf !! ljlxaf/
lj=;+= @)&& >fj0f !
v“UjM Dxl;s]
d"n zAb pRrf/0f vo\ efo\ c+u|]hL
tfOefjf tfOefjf rGb|df -afn efiffdf_ the moon (in baby language)

tfpt tfpt w]/}a]/ long !me

tfet tfet cfdfh" sister-in-law (husband's elder sister)

tfsl;+ tfsl;+ c8snjfh a person who makes wild guesses

tfs' tfs' afSnf] thick, condensed

tfs'rf tfs'rf sd]/f] white clay

tfsf tfsf 6f+sf a s!ch

tfSof tfSof tfKs] a frying pan

tflh tflh k|sf/ variety/kind

tftf tftf lblb -afn efiffdf_ elder sister (in baby language)

tft'+ tft'+ dxTjsf+Iff ambi!on

tft'Fgf tft'Fgf lrtfpg' to assume

tfg tfg tfg handloom

tfgun tfªufM sk8f a'Gg] 7fpF a place where handlooms are fi#ed

tfk tfk /fk, udL{ hot

tfkGjo] tfMGjo] udL{ x'g' a feel hot

tfknf tfknf -tfnf_ u[id Ct' summer season

tfkfs tfkfM 6f9f far, distance

tfkfSs tfkfSs 6f9} farther, very far away

tfkfn] tfkfn] k/b]z out/abroad

tfDkm tf+km hnbfg copper or brass water pot with spout

tfDjfj tfDjfM bL3{hLlj long live

tfy tfy s+ufn Bankrupt

tfyh'o] tfyh'o] s+ufn x'g', tfy klN6g' casuse to go bankrupt

tfsft's tfsft's r'e'/ r'e'/ vfg] regular eats

tfo\ tfo\ nfjf puffed rice used for worship

tfounl;+d tfouMl;df hu/sf] jf]6 a palm tree !me

tfn tfM w;f]{, lrgf] !ck mark

yf}+sGx] no\kf} 39
 a'v“
!= Yj x] dfu{ ^ ut] sf=d=g=kf= of z+ vw/
pBfgo\ /fli6« o lje" lt z+ vw/ ;fVjfM
j nf] stfGqLs cfGbf] ngof GXon' jfM
kß/Tg t' nfw/of ‰jftf :yflgo ljsf;
dGqL s[ i0f uf] kfn >] i7 j sf=d=g=kf= of
d] o/ ljBf;' Gb/+ d+ sf pn] Hof ofgflbOu'
vM . gfk+ cfM ;fljs /Tgkfs{ of gf+
æz+ vw/ pBfgÆ gfd+ Dx;Ls] u' SjMl5pu'
b' .
@= Yj x] dfu{ @) ut] Vjko\ æ/fdz]v/ n'dlGt
l;/kfÆ jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ dx]Gb|uf]kfn
sdf{rfo{oft nMNxfu' b' . l;/kf jl/i7
;flxTosf/ efh' ltns k|sfz sfoi7 h'+
nM Nxfgf lbOu' vM .

yf}+sGx] oft, Rjv+, jfv+, Oltxf;,

;+:s[lt cflb n]v t ljof df+ efiff
of w's'lt hfo]sf lbOt
;sn efiff Xold, Rjld lkGt
Ogfk ofgf Rjgf .
;Dkfbs

40 yf}+sGx] no\kf}