WEEK 1: RANDOM VARIABLES AND PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS

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OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the week:
1. Illustrates a random variable (discrete and continuous)
2. Distinguishes between a discrete and a continuous random variable

DURATION:
1 Week

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. Identify a discrete and a continuous random variable
2. Apply the importance of Statistics in daily life situations

AREA OF COMPETENCY:
CRITICAL THINKING

REFERENCES
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Statistics and Probability E-Learning book

MATERIALS NEEDED/TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

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Developer/ Mr. Niejay A. Llagas

Instructor
General Mathematics
Date Developed November 2020 (Core Subject)
Page Number 1
 INFORMATION SHEET NO. 1
What is Statistics?
Statistics is the study of the collection,
analysis, interpretation, presentation, and
organization of data. What is the importance of
studying statistics? Understanding statistics helps
people determine the meaning of statistics in the
news and other fields. Studying statistics of data
will help us determine the probability of an event to
happen. It is important to get the statistics of the
data by careful mathematics and understanding. In
this way, we can then derive a correct probability.

What is Probability?
Probability is the chance that something might
happen When you calculate the probability of an event, you
look at chances of getting what you want versus all the
possible things that can happen. Probability, by word
analysis, we can creatively break down the word into two:
"Probable" and "Ability" For example, let us say you are
going to pick one black ball out of the four balls colored
white, black, red and blue. If asked, the probability of getting a black ball is 1/4. It is used to
understand how a small sample can reveal accurate information about a large population.

What is a Random Variable?

Variable is an element or data that is liable to vary or change. In order to remember this
term, you can just think of the word "vary" which means change. The examples of variables are:
Age, business income and expenses, country of birth, capital expenditure, class grades, eye
color and vehicle. A random variable is a variable whose value is a numerical outcome of a
random phenomenon.

What are the two types of Random Variable?

The two types of a random variable are:
A Discrete Random Variable is a variable
whose value is obtained by counting.
A Continuous Random Variable is a variable
whose value is obtained by measuring.

Now, what is the meaning of "non-countable

infinite number of values" This means that the values
are not always whole numbers.

Developer Mr. Niejay A. Llagas

Date Developed November 2020 Statistics and Probability

(Core Subject)
Page Number 2
 What are the examples of a Discrete Random Variable?
For example, can you count the number of
students in a room? Yes, you can. Therefore, the "number
of students in a room" is a discrete variable Can you count
the number of heads when you flip a coin twice? Yes, you
can also do that. Therefore, the "flipping of coins" is also a
discrete variable.

What are the examples of a Continuous Random Variable?

An example of a continuous variable is height. The height of
a person is not always a whole number.
The height of a person can be 5.1 ft, 5.2 ft, 5.3 ft and so on.
Therefore, the height of a person can be expressed using an
infinite number of values.

Developer Mr. Niejay A. Llagas

Date Developed November 2020 Statistics and Probability

(Core Subject)
Page Number 3
 SELF CHECK NO. 1
Name:__________________________________ Date:___________
Track/Strand:____________________________ Score:_____/10
Direction: Answer the following. Write the letter of the correct answer in the space
provided in the right hand side of the paper.

1. It is the practice or science of collecting and analyzing numerical data in large 1. ____
quantities
a) Probability b) Statistics c) Data d) Sets
2. Studying statistics of data will help us determine the probability of an event to 2. ____
happen
a) True b) Partly true c) False d) Partly false
3. It is a branch of mathematics that deals with calculating the likelihood of a 3. ____
given event’s occur.
a) Data b) Statistics c) Probability d) sets
4. Probability is used to understand how small can reveal accurate information 4. ____
about a large population
a) False b) Partly true c) Partly false d) true
5. It can be viewed as a raw material from which information is obtained 5. ____
a) Sets b) Probability c) Statistics d) data
6. It is a quantity whose value changes 6. ____
a) Probability b) Events c) None d) variable
7. It is a function that associates a real number with element in the sample space 7. ____
a) Random b) None of these c) events d) probability
variable choices
8. A random variable which takes on a finite or countable number of values 8. ____
a) Discrete random variable b) Continuous random variable
c) Statistics d) probability
9. A random variable which takes on non-countable infinite number of values. 9. ____
a) Continuous random variable b) Statistics
c) Probability d) Discrete random variable
10. A random variable’s set of values is the _________. 10.____
a) Range b) Sample space
c) Set d) Space

Developer Mr. Niejay A. Llagas

Date Developed November 2020 Statistics and Probability

(Core Subject)
Page Number 4
 JOBSHEET NO. 1
Name:________________________________ Date:_____________
Track/Strand:__________________________ Score:____________

List 20 Random variables and classified it whether Discrete random variable or

continuous random variable

Discrete Random Variable Continuous Random Variable

Developer Mr. Niejay A. Llagas

Date Developed November 2020 Statistics and Probability

(Core Subject)
Page Number 5
Developer Mr. Niejay A. Llagas

Date Developed November 2020 Statistics and Probability

(Core Subject)
Page Number 6