RCC III Assignment.

Hawassa University, Institute of Technology

School of Civil Engineering & Built Environment Engineering

Department of Civil Engineering

Assignments 3

1. Design a shear wall of length 5m and thickness 300mm is subjected to the following

forces shown in the table below. Use C30/37 grade of concrete and fyk=400MPa steel

grade. Height of the wall is 4500mm and assumes d2/h=0.1 (take any reasonable

assumption). The wall is barbell type shear wall

a) Design as per ES-EN and EBCS, and compare the result

Loading Axial force(kN) Moment(kNm) Shear force(kN)

DL 1,000 450 100

LL 500 250 60

EQ 600 5,000 900

Solution

Solution (EBCS-EN 1992:2013)

Combinations of actions for seismic design situations

 Gk, j " P"" AEd "   2,iQk,i
Qk,1 characteristic leading variable action
AEd Design value of seismic action
AEd=1AEk
AEk-Characteristic value of seismic action
P-Relevant representative value of a prestressing action
Gk,j-Characteristic value of permanent action j
Qk,i-Characteristic value of the accompanying variable action i
 RCC III Assignment.

2-Factor for quasi-permanent value of a variable action

(l)P Actions shall be classified by their variation in time as follows:

Permanent actions (G), e.g. self-weight of structures, fixed equipment and road surfacing, and
indirect actions caused by shrinkage and uneven settlements;
Variable actions (Q), e.g. imposed loads on building floors, beams and roofs, wind actions or
snow loads;
Accidental actions (A), e.g. explosions, or impact from vehicles
NOTE Indirect actions caused by imposed deformations can be either permanent or variable.

Certain actions, such as seismic actions and snow loads, may be considered as either accidental
and/or variable actions, depending on the site location, see EN 1991 and EN 1998

(3) Actions caused by water may be considered as permanent and/or variable actions depending
on the variation of their magnitude with time.

Design load   γ G, jG k, j  γ Q,1Q k,1   γ Q,i  0,i Q k,i

j 1 i 1
Alternative
Design load   γ G, jG k, j  γ Q,1 0,1Q k,1   γ Q,i  0,i Q k,i
j 1 i 1

Design load   γ G, jG k, j  γ Q,1Q k,1   γ Q,i  0,i Q k,i

j 1 i 1

 γG, j= 1.35 (unfavorable), 1.00 (favorable)

 Qk,1 is the leading variable action
 γQ, 1= 1.50 (unfavorable), 1.00 (favorable)
 Qk,i are accompanying variable actions
 γQ, i= 1.50 (unfavorable), 1.00 (favorable)
 0,i=0.7 reduction coefficient for domestic residential
 =0.85

f ck 30
f cd  α cc  0.85 *  17MPa
γc 1.5
 RCC III Assignment.

N Ed
n ; N Ed  2175kNm N Ed - design axial load
A c f cd

 K1  K2   0.4569  0.6387 
L e  0.5L 1  1    0.5 * 3563 1  1    0.
 0.45  K 1  0.45  K 2   0.45  0.4569  0.45  0.6387 
 2751.84mm

A.B.C
λ lim  20
n

Le
λ C2 
i

For this code, if a structure is subjected to dead (D), live (L), and earthquake (E) loads,

and considering that wind and earthquake forces are reversible, the following load

combinations need to be considered if equation 6.10 is specified for generation of the

load combinations (EN-EBCS 1990 Art 6.4.3)

Building is assumed to be office/residential space and live load, assumed not to be

storage

1. 1.35 DL  1.5 LL
2. 1.35 DL  0.7 1.5 LL   1.35 DL  1.05LL

3. 0.85 1.35 DL   1.5LL  1.15 DL  1.5LL

4. DL  EQ

5. DL  EQ  0.3LL

For this code, if a structure is subjected to dead (D), live (L), wind (W), and earthquake

(E) loads, and considering that wind and earthquake forces are reversible, the following

load combinations need to be considered if equation 6.10 is specified for generation of

the load combinations (EC0 6.4.3)

 RCC III Assignment.

1. 1.35 DL  1.5 LL
2. 1.35 DL  0.7 1.5 LL   1.35 DL  1.05LL

3. 0.85 1.35 DL   1.5LL  1.15 DL  1.5LL

4. 1.35 DL  1.5 LL  0.6 1.5WL   1.35 DL  1.5 LL  0.9WL

5. 1.35 DL  0.7 1.5 LL   1.5WL  1.35 DL  1.05 LL  1.5WL

6. 1.35 DL  1.5 WL
7. 0.85 1.35 DL   1.5 WL  1.15DL  1.5WL

8. DL  EQ

9. DL  EQ  0.3LL

combination Axial load(kN) Moment(kNm) Shear force(kN)

1.35 DL  1.5 LL 2,100 982.50 225
1.35 DL  1.05LL 1,875 870 198
1.15 DL  1.5LL 1,900 892.50 205
DL  EQ 1,600 5,450 1,000
DL  EQ  0.3LL 1,750 5,525 1,018
From the five load combinations the maximum values obtained are

Nsd=2,100 kN

Md=5,525 kNm

Vd=1,018 kN

h'
 0.1
h

Msd
 sd 
fcdAc h

Nsd
vsd 
fcdAc
 RCC III Assignment.

fydAs, total

fcdAc

Solution (EBCS:2-1995)
Calculation of material strength
Height of the wall = 4.5m, consider Class-1 workmanship
1. Design constant

Concrete

 c  1.5 for class  1 workmanship EBCS  2 Table3.1

0.85fck 0.85  25
fcd    14.17MPa
s 1.5
2

fctd  0.21
fck 3
 021
25
23
 1.197MPa
c 1.5
Ecm  29  103 MPa
Steel
 s  1.15 for class  1 workmanship
fyk 415
fyd    360.87MPa
s 1.15
2. Design Load calculations: The given load combinations are used for the design according to
EBCS: 2-1995
Combination 1= 1.3DL+1.6LL
Combination 2= 0.75 Combination 1+EQX
Combination 3= 0.75 Combination 1-EQX
Combination 4= 0.75 Combination 1+EQY
Combination 5= 0.75 Combination 1-EQY
The calculated axial load, moment and shear force to be considered for the design by using
the above combinations are shown in the following table:
Table 2: Calculation of Axial load, Moment and shear force using load combinations
 RCC III Assignment.

combination Axial load(kN) Moment(kNm) Shear force(kN)

1.3 DL  1.6 LL 2,100 985 226
0.975 DL  1.2LL  EQ 2,175 5,738.75 1,069.50
0.975 DL  1.2LL  EQ 975 -4,261.25 -730.50
From the five load combinations the maximum values obtained are

Nsd=2,175 kN

Md=5,738.75 kNm

Vd=1,069.50 kN

Determination of design eccentricity in both directions:

etot = ea + eo + e2
Accidental (additional) eccentricity due to various imperfections
Le
ea  , EBCS : 2 - 1995 section 4.4.3
300
Where: Le-is the effective buckling length of the wall. Assuming the top end of the shear wall is
simply supported.
L e = 0.7L
Le=0.7(4.5) =3.15m.
Therefore, ea= (3150/300) =10.50 mm  20mm
Considered ea=20mm
Determination of design eccentricity in Horizontal direction of barbell shear wall
Barbell shear wall is restrained between two columns

300mm

5m

Fig 1 cross section of shear wall

First order eccentricity:
M sd 5,738.50
eo    2,638.39mm
N sd 2,175
Second order eccentricity:
Checking the slenderness of the wall:
 RCC III Assignment.

A wall may be considered as short walls when the ratio of its effective height to its thickness
does not exceed 7. Otherwise it shall be considered slender
He
7 short column
t
He
7 slender or wall
t
Where He =Effective height of the wall.
Effective height of the wall:
The effective height of reinforced concrete walls in non-sway mode is given by:
H e = H
Where: H= is the Story height of the wall.
=is the coefficient which is determined from the following equation.

1.00 , for walls with two edges restrained

 1
 , for walls with thre edges restrained
1  L
 (3b)2

For walls with four edge restrained
 1
 2 L b , L  b

For walls with four edges restrained   1
 ,L  b
L
1 
 3b
2

Where: b is the width of the wall measured center-to-center of the bracing walls, or width measured
from the center of a bracing wall to the free edge.
In our case the wall is barbell type i.e. the wall is restrained in with two edges with walls on each edge

 1

H e  H  1  4.5  4.5m
H e 4500
  15  7
t 300
So the walls is slender and we should account for secondary eccentricity
2 2
L   3150 
e2  0.4t e   0.4  300   132.30mm
 10t   10  300 
 RCC III Assignment.

Where t=thickness of the wall in our case t=300mm

e tot ea  eo  e2 202,638.39132.302,790.69mm
Relative eccentricity:
The relative eccentricity, for a given direction, is the ratio of the total eccentricity,
allowing for initial eccentricity and second-order effects in that direction, to the wall
width in the same direction
e 2,790.69
e rel  tot   0.56
h 5000
Determination of design eccentricity in Y-direction:
First order eccentricity: no moment is carried in this direction as it is carried by the
perpendicular walls, Md=0
M 0
e o  sd  0
N sd 2,175
Secondary eccentricity
2 2
L   3150 
e2  0.4t e   0.4  300   132.30mm
 10t   10  300 
e  e  e  e  20  0  132.30  152.30mm
tot a o 2
Relative eccentricity
The relative eccentricity, for a given direction, is the ratio of the total eccentricity,
allowing for initial eccentricity and second-order effects in that direction, to the column
width in the same direction
e 152.30
e rel  tot   0.508
b 300
Equivalent eccentricity: eeq
e eq  e tot (1  k)
Where:
eeq= total eccentricity in the direction of the larger relative eccentricity
k = relative eccentricity ratio.
α =is obtained from table 4.1 of EBCS: 2-/1995(which is given below) as a function of
the relative normal
Force,
 RCC III Assignment.

N sd
v
f cd  A c
Table 3: Function of the Relative normal force

Relative eccentricity ratio: The eccentricity ratio, for a given direction, is the ratio of
the total eccentricity, allowing for initial eccentricity and second-order effects in that
direction, to the column width in the same direction.
Relative eccentricity ratio (k)
Small relative eccentrici ty 0.508
k   0.907
larger relative eccentrici ty 0.56

2175 1000N
Relative normal forcev    0.102
14.17MPa  300  5000mm 2
e eq  e tot 1  k
etot - total eccentrici ty in the direction of the larger relative eccentrici ty , etot  2,790.69mm
Interpolate he values of α from table 3:
0.102  0   0.6

0.2  0 0.8  0.6
  0.702
eeq  etot (1  k)  2,790.691  0.907  0.702  4,567.56mm

Design moment calculation:

Design moment (Msd )  eeq  Nsd  4.56756 2,175  9,935.20kNm

Design of vertical reinforcement:

Area of reinforcement:
f cd A c
As 
f yd

 is the reinforcem ent ratio from chart using v and μ values

 RCC III Assignment.

M sd 9,935.20  1000
   0.0935
f cd A c h 14.17  300  5000 5m

Where h =depth of the cross section

d2
Take  0.1 , v  0.102
h

From uni-axial chart number-6 the value of lies under the curve with =0.1, so provide

minimum reinforcement.

Check for the limiting values:

For vertical reinforcement the code provides the following limiting values, as discussed

in the previous section.

Amin = 0.004Ac = 0.004 300mm 5000mm= 6,000mm2

Amax = 0.04Ac = 0.04  300mm 5000mm= 60,000mm2

Area of reinforcement:
fcdAc 0.1  14.17  300  5000
As    5,889.93mm2  Amin not Okay
fyd 360.87

Hence

As  As min  6,000mm2 , using =14mm

a s  r 2    7 2  153.93mm2

Spacing of bars
Atot 6000
As    3000mm2 , since it has two layers
2 2
b  a s 5,000  153.93
S   256.55mm
As 3000

2t  2  300  600mm

Smax  min 
300mm

Smax=300mm
 RCC III Assignment.

Therefore provide 14mm at Center to Center 250mm