1.

0 BUILDING BACKGROUND

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Figure 1.1.1 Front View of UTC Perak

Urban Transformation Centre (UTC) is one of the initiatives of the government in

providing various main government and private sector services to urban communities at a
one-stop centre or in one building. The urban community can conduct various activities with
the government and private sectors in one building, and thus save time, without having to go
to other government buildings. The UTC Perak is located at Pasar Besar Ipoh, Perak. It is
the third UTC after Melaka and Kuala Lumpur, and was officiated by the Prime
Minister, Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak on 15 February 2013. UTC Perak is a refurbished
building. UTC Perak is opened every day except on public holiday from 8 a.m. until 7 p.m.
UTC Perak provide a great accommodation in one building for people as example it consists
of convenience store, clinic, and public office like Welfare Services and Community
Development, Education, Training and Employment Services, Government Service and
Utility Services.

1.2 HISTORY

1
NO. YEAR HISTORY

1. 4th October 2012 Y.B Dato’ Seri Haji Ahmad Husni bin
Hanadzlah, Minister of Finance II’s doing
a site visit to Urban Transformation
Centre’s suggested in Super Kinta.

2. 22nd October 2012 His response to the refurbishment of the

UTC development.

3. 7th December 2012 UTC refurbishment had been completed.

4. 11th December 2012 – 24th December Each agency had prepared to start their
2012
operation.

5. 2nd January 2013 All agencies that had been located inside
UTC Perak opens their services to the
public.

2
1.3 LOCATION

NO. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

DESCRIPTION

1. MAP

Figure 1.3.1 UTC map location

UTC - Urban Transformation Centre

2. ADDRESS Bangunan UTC Perak, Jalan Dato’ Onn Jaafar,
Ipoh, Perak, 30300, Malaysia

3. OUTBUILDINGS 1. Pasar Ayam Amanjaya Ipoh

Figure 1.3.2 Pasar Ayam Amanjaya Ipoh

2. Yayasan perak

3
 Figure 1.3.3 Yayasan Perak

3. Super Kinta Ipoh

Figure 1.3.4 Super Kinta Ipoh

4
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM

Figure 2.1.1

Mechanical Ventilation systems work by extracting stale air or supplying fresh air into
rooms in a house or building. Systems such as mechanical ventilation heat recovery
systems extract and supply. There are four different types of mechanical ventilation systems
such as Mechanical ventilation heat recovery system, Centralised mechanical extraction
system, most commonly known as Mechanical Extraction Ventilation (MEV), Decentralised
mechanical extraction system and Positive input ventilation system. A lot of benefits from the
mechanical ventilation such as better Indoor Air Quality, Indoor air can be many times more
polluted than outdoor air, and the average American spends 90 percent of the day inside.
Ventilation systems can significantly improve a home’s air quality by removing allergens,
pollutants, and moisture that can cause mold problems. More Control. When homes rely on
air flow through walls, roofs, and windows for ventilation, there is no control over the source
or amount of air that comes into the house. In fact, air leaking into the house may come from
undesirable areas such as the garage, attic, or crawl space. Mechanical ventilation systems,
however, provide proper fresh air flow along with appropriate locations for intake and
exhaust.

5
 NAME PHOTO FUNCTION
A Mechanical Ventilation Heat
1) Mechanical ventilation Recovery (MVHR) system is an
Heat recovery system energy recovery ventilation system
(MVHR). that uses an air-to-air heat
exchanger that recovers heat that is
usually wasted. It works by supply
and extracting airflows in and out of
homes and buildings to ensure a
better indoor air quality. Heat
Figure 2.1.2
recovery units can recover up to
90% of normally lost heat depending
on the unit and the application. A
MVHR system works independently
from a heating system and due to
the heat recovery feature, it can
have great savings on your energy
bills. BPC ventilation stock a large
range of MVHR for both residential
and commercial application.

A centralised Mechanical Extract

2) Centralized mechanical Ventilation (C-MEV) system is a low
extraction system(C-MEV). energy, continuous mechanical
extract ventilation. It is designed to
extract moist and stale air from
multiple rooms at once, these rooms
include kitchens and bathrooms. A
C-MEV unit provides a quiet system
and more efficient than separate
Figure 2.1.3 fans in each room. A C-MEV is more
commonly known as a Mechanical
Extraction Ventilation (MEV). A
mechanical extraction system can
create energy savings as there is no
need to run a lot of extractor fans in
every wet room in a home. There are
also beneficial over fans as they do

6
 not crate air leakage, heat loss or
drafts.
A D-MEV is a Decentralised
3) Decentralized mechanical Mechanical Extract System which is
extraction system (D-MEV). designed to replace conventional
bathroom fans and draw out
moisture laden air from wet rooms
such as bathrooms and utility rooms.
D-MEV systems provide a more
efficient and a quieter system than
separate fans. Decentralised
Mechanical Extract Ventilation
Figure 2.1.4 systems are low energy systems,
they are usually installed in a
bathroom wall or ceiling and extracts
continuously at a normal low rate of
ventilation.
PIV (Positive Input Ventilation) this is
4) Positive input ventilation a wall or loft mounted unit that
system (PIV). pushes filtered, fresh air through a
property. A PIV system is a perfect
solution to combat condensation in
the home. Loft mounted PIV units
use free solar energy generated
from the natural solar gain in lofts
which, in turn, maximises comfort
and contributes to annual energy
savings. It works by supply fresh
Figure 2.1.5
filtered air. In combating
condensation, a PIV system reduces
the risk of mould, damp and dust
population which creates a range of
health benefits like reducing risks of
asthma and other respiratory issues.

7
2.2 AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

Figure 2.2.1

Air conditioning system is the process of removing heat and moisture from the
interior of an occupied space to improve the comfort of occupants. Air conditioning can be
used in both domestic and commercial environments. This process is most commonly used
to achieve a more comfortable interior environment, typically for humans and other animals;
however, air conditioning is also used to cool and dehumidify rooms filled with heat-
producing electronic devices, such as computer servers, power amplifiers, and to display
and store some delicate products, such as artwork. Air conditioners often use a fan to
distribute the conditioned air to an occupied space such as a building or a car to improve
thermal comfort and indoor air quality. Electric refrigerant-based AC units range from small
units that can cool a small bedroom, which can be carried by a single adult, to massive units
installed on the roof of office towers that can cool an entire building. The cooling is typically
achieved through a refrigeration cycle, but sometimes evaporation or free cooling is used.

8
 TYPES OF AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM

NAME PHOTO FUNCTION

1) Window air-conditioning Window air conditioners are one of

system the most commonly used and
cheapest type of air conditioners. To
install one of these units, you need
the space to make a slot in the wall
and there should also be some open
space behind the wall.

Figure 2.2.2

2) Split air-conditioning The split air conditioner comprises of

system two parts outdoor units and indoor
unit. The outdoor unit, fitted outside
the room, houses component like the
compressor, condenser and
expansion valve. The indoor unit
comprises the evaporator or cooling
coil and the cooling fan. For this unit
you don’t have to make any slot in
Figure 2.2.3 the wall of the room.

The central air conditioning plants or

3) Centralised air-
the system are used when large
conditioning system.
buildings, hotel, airport and shopping
mall. The window and split are used
for single rooms and small office
space.

9
 Figure 2.2.4

The window and split air conditioners

4) Packaged air-
are usually used for the small air
conditioning system
conditioning capacities up to 5 tons.
The central air conditioning systems
are used for where the cooling loads
extend beyond 20 tons.

Figure 2.2.5

2.3 LIFT/ELEVATOR SYSTEM

10
 Figure 2.3.1

A lift or elevator system is a type of vertical transportation device that moves people
or freight between floors, levels, or decks of a building, vessel, or other structure. Elevators
are typically powered by electric motors that drive traction cables and counterweight systems
such as a hoist, although some pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston like a jack. In
agriculture and manufacturing, an elevator is any type of conveyor device used to lift
materials in a continuous stream into bins or silos. Several types exist, such as the chain
and bucket elevator, grain auger screw conveyor. Elevator, also called lift, car that moves in
a vertical shaft to carry passengers or freight between the levels of a multistory building.
Most modern elevators are propelled by electric motors, with the aid of a counterweight,
through a system of cables and sheaves (pulleys).

11
 TYPE OF LIFT/ELEVATOR SYSTEM

NAME PHOTO FUNCTION

1) Hydraulic elevator A hydraulic elevator is power-driven

by a piston that moves within a
cylinder. The piston movement can
be done by pumping hydraulic oil to
the cylinder. The piston lifts the lift
cab easily, and the oil can be
controlled by an electrical valve. The
applications of hydraulic elevators
involve in five to six-floor buildings.
The operating of these elevators can

Figure 2.3.2 be done at speeds up to 200 ft or 61

meters for each minute. All the
current hydraulic pumps are designed
with a mechanical Y-delta starter
otherwise solid state contractor. For
the power supply of motor as well as
building, solid-state starters are
superior. Because the windings stay
longer as well as there is no voltage
drop across the building power
supply.

2) Pneumatic elevator The pneumatic elevator can be

designed with an external cylinder,
and the cylinder is a crystal clear self-
supporting cylinder. This cylinder
includes modular sections to fit
effortlessly into one by one. The top
of this tube is designed with steel
material that ensures tight air shutting
by suction valves as well as inlets. A
lift car runs within the cylinder, & the

Figure 2.3.3 head unit on the top cylinder surface

12
 consists of valves, controllers, and
turbines for controlling the elevator
movements. Pneumatic elevators are
very easy to fit, operate as well as
maintain when compared with the
traditional elevator. The main benefits
of using these elevators include solid
design & smooth, speed and
flexibility, energy efficient and very
safe.

3) Capsule lift Capsule lift or Elevators are used in

prestigious buildings, which can be
called as decoration of a building
because they improve the building’s
beauty as well as carries life into it.
The main features of this elevators
mainly include design, and travel
comfort is best. The interior design of
these lifts is attractive with a large
glass panel for viewing. The
Figure 2.3.4 ultramodern design of these lifts
offers a cosmic zone travel
experience for the passengers.
These lifts are consistent and
inexpensive with the least
maintenance.

13
2.4 ESCALATOR SYSTEM

Figure 2.4.1 Escalator system

An escalator is a moving staircase which carries people between floors of a building.

It consists of a motor-driven chain of individually linked steps on a track which cycle on a pair
of tracks which keep them horizontal. Escalators are used around the world in places where
lifts would be impractical. Principal areas of usage include department stores, shopping
malls, airports, transit systems (railway/railroad stations), convention centers, hotels, arenas,
stadiums and public buildings. Escalators have the capacity to move large numbers of
people. They can be placed in the same physical space as a staircase. They have no waiting
interval (except during very heavy traffic). They can be used to guide people toward main
exits or special exhibits. They may be weatherproofed for outdoor use. A nonfunctional
escalator can function as a normal staircase, whereas many other methods of transport
become useless when they break down or lose power.

14
THE COMPONENT OF ESCALATOR

1) Landing platforms

Landing platforms are the two platforms (at the two ends) that house the curved
sections of the tracks, as well as the gears and motors that drive the stairs. The top platform
usually contains the motor assembly and the main drive gear, while the bottom holds the
return gear. These sections also anchor the ends of the escalator truss. Each platform also
has a floor and a comb plate. The floor plate provides a place for the passengers to stand
before they step onto the moving stairs, flush with the rest of the floor and usually hinged to
allow easy maintenance access, while the comb plate lies between the stationary floor plate
and the moving step, so named for the cleats on its edge which mesh with the matching
cleats on each step (and resemble a comb). The interlocking cleats help to minimize the gap
between the stairs and landing, preventing objects or persons from becoming caught in it.

2) Truss

The truss is the hollow metal structure that bridges the lower and upper landings,
composed of two side sections joined together with cross braces across the bottom and just
below the top. The ends of the truss are attached to the top and bottom landing platforms via
steel or concrete supports. It carries all the straight track sections connecting the upper and
lower sections

3) Balustrade

Made of either metal, sandwich panel, or glass, the balustrade supports the handrails
of the escalator. It also provides additional protection for the handrail and passengers. Some
escalators have direction arrows on the ends of the balustrade. Escalators' on/off buttons
are frequently located at the ends of the balustrade. Moving walkways often use balustrades
in the same way.

4) Tracks

The track system is built into the truss to guide the step chain, which continuously pulls
the steps from the bottom platform and back to the top in an endless loop. One track guides
the front wheels of the steps (called the step-wheel track) and another guides the back
wheels of the steps (called the trailer-wheel track). The relative positions of these tracks
cause the steps to form a staircase as they move out from under the comb plate. Along the
straight section of the truss the tracks are at their maximum distance apart. This
configuration forces the back of one step to be at a 90-degree angle relative to the step
behind it. This right angle forces the steps into a shape resembling a staircase.

15
2.5 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Figure 2.5.1 Electrical system

Electrical systems in these buildings begin at a step-down transformer provided by

the utility company and located within or very close to the building. The transformer reduces
the standard line potential to two dual voltage systems, which then pass through master
switches and electric meters to record the subscriber’s usage. Each of the voltages provided
serves a separate category of use; different levels are required for incandescent lights and
small appliances, large appliances, ceiling-mounted non-incandescent lighting, and
heavy machinery. Each voltage pair has a separate distribution system of wiring leading
from the meters and master switches to circuit breaker panels, where it is further broken
down into circuits similar to residential uses. Because high-voltage wiring is considered
hazardous, the switches controlling overhead lighting use lower voltages, and each heavy
machine has its own fused switch. From the circuit breaker panel, low-voltage
power conduit and wiring is typically distributed through partitions and ceiling sandwich
spaces, but, in large open areas of commercial buildings, there may be wire ways embedded
in the floor slab. These wireways can be either rectangular metal tubes inserted into
the concrete slab before pouring or closed cells of formed steel deck; the wire ways are
tapped where desired to provide convenience outlets at floor level.

16
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEM INTERFACES

NO. PHOTO FUNCTION

1. Firstly, this avoids having the voltage controls

of several small machines competing with
each other and the utility voltage regulation
scheme. Secondly, to reduce the chances
that an inadvertent island will be sustained. A
nearly exact match of the load at the time of
Figure 2.5.2 Synchronous Machines
separation would have to exist for the island
to escape detection.

2. Induction generators are induction motors

that are driven slightly faster than
synchronous speed. They require another
source to provide excitation, which greatly
reduces the chances of inadvertent islanding.
Figure 2.5.3 Asynchronous (Induction)
No special synchronizing equipment is
Machines
necessary. In fact, if the capacity of the
electrical power system permits, induction
generators can be started across the line.

It can be switched off very quickly when

3. trouble is detected. There may be some lag in
determining that something has gone wrong,
particularly if there are synchronous
machines with substantial inertia maintaining
the voltage on the system. When a
disturbance requiring disconnection is
Figure 2.5.4 Electronic Power Inverters
detected, the switching simply ceases.
Inverters typically exhibit very little inertia and
changes can take place in milliseconds.

17
2.6 TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Figure 2.6.1 Telecommunication system

An effective telecommunications infrastructure is an essential component of any

office building. It permits a rapid exchange of information between individuals located within
the building and connects them to others anywhere in the world. A typical office building has
hundreds of kilometres of telecommunications cabling that must be correctly installed and
properly managed in order to provide essential communications.

As the telecommunications spaces and pathways are usually deficient in existing

buildings and are frequently an afterthought in the design of new buildings, specialist
expertise should be involved at the early stages of a project. The design of the
telecommunications infrastructure should follow a holistic approach looking at the building as
a single entity and considering individual departments and agencies as all being part of that
single entity.

Horizontal cabling consists of two (or more) cables (typically one for voice and one
for data) that are run to each work area from a telecommunications room (TR) located on the
same floor as the work area. This is called "star wiring" with the TR being analogous to the
centre of the star and each work area being analogous to the points of the star. Each cable
is terminated on a jack at the work area and on a cross-connection field in the TR. A number
of spare horizontal cables are typically installed to facilitate changes. Horizontal pathways
usually transport the horizontal cabling to the vicinity of the work areas. Note that a single
blue line is used to represent all wiring to a work area (i.e. at least two 4-pair cables) and a
single blue box is used to represent all jacks (at least 2) installed in the work area. For

18
clarity, horizontal cabling is shown on only one floor, although it would be installed on all
floors.

19
TYPES OF TELECOMMUNICATION

NO. PHOTO FUNCTION

1.
A communications satellite is an artificial
satellite that relays and
amplifies radio telecommunications signals
via a transponder; it creates

Figure 2.6.2 Satellite a communication channel between a

source transmitter and a receiver at
different locations on Earth.
Communications satellites are used
for television, telephone, radio, internet,
and military applications. There are about
2,000 communications satellites in Earth's
orbit, used by both private and government
organizations.[1] Many are in geostationary
orbit 22,236 miles (35,785 km) above
the equator.

2. The internet (portmanteau of interconnected
network) is the global system of
interconnected computer networks that use
the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link
devices worldwide. It is a network of
Figure 2.6.3 Internet networks that consists of private, public,
academic, business, and government
networks of local to global scope, linked by
a broad array of electronic, wireless, and
optical networking technologies.

3. Electronic mail (email or e-mail) is a method

of exchanging messages ("mail") between
people using electronic devices. Invented
by Ray Tomlinson, email first entered
limited use in the 1960s and by the mid-

20
 Figure 2.6.4 Email 1970s had taken the form now recognized
as email. Email operates across computer
networks, which today is primarily
the Internet. Some early email systems
required the author and the recipient to both
be online at the same time, in common
with instant messaging. Today's email
systems are based on a store-and-
forward model.

4. An analog signal is any continuous

signal for which the time-varying feature
(variable) of the signal is a representation of
some other time varying quantity,
i.e., analogous to another time varying
Figure 2.6.5 Analog signal
signal. For example, in an analog audio
signal, the instantaneous voltage of the
signal varies continuously with
the pressure of the sound waves. It differs
from a digital signal, in which the continuous
quantity is a representation of a sequence
of discrete values which can only take on
one of a finite number of values.

2.7 INTEGRATED BUILDING SERVICES SYSTEM

21
 Figure 2.7.1

Integrated Building Services (IBS) can be defined generally as an array of facilities

and services (sub-systems) which are provided for an office complex, a telecommunications
centre, a data processing centre etc. and which are connected to, controlled, monitored and
managed by a computerised system. In the last ten years, Telecom Australia has provided
and installed several computer controlled building Automation systems for a number of large
telecommunications centres in Australia. The systems are given the name of Local
Monitoring and Control Systems (LMCS) and provide primary control and monitoring
services in a localised area. The basic purpose of the LMCS is to monitor and control air
conditioning systems, power supply and distribution including emergency generating
systems, fire detection, security and other systems in the building complex. Telecom
Australia has taken steps to meet the challenge of the new trend in this field and is
particularly interested in the design of and innovation in intelligent buildings. A system
specification to serve as functional briefing for building developers has been developed for
use in deliberations on requirements for Telecom Australia's proposed corporate Head
Office complex in Melbourne and other major office accommodation complexes.

TYPES OF BUILDING SYSTEM ENGINEERING

22
NO. NAME DESCRIPTION

1. Civil Civil engineering related to building systems primarily deals with the

routing of site utilities, such as storm water piping and retention,
sanitary, natural gas. Our civil engineers work closely with landscape
architecture to improve the surroundings of a facility and to provide
the infrastructure to support the building.

2. Electrical Everyone thinks of the obvious here: lights. But electrical

engineering also includes life safety systems such as fire alarm
systems. Power distribution is also a key element of electrical
engineering in buildings.  This is becoming more and more important,
especially in older buildings that do not have enough power to support
the technology necessary in modern buildings.

3. Energy Energy engineering deals with aspects such as energy efficiency, and

the use of alternative energy such as solar photovoltaic. As utility
costs are increasing, energy engineering is gaining more and more
importance. Indiana has traditionally had one of the lowest electrical
rates nationally, but the low cost of coal-generated electricity is
increasing as environmental regulations impact energy production.

4. Mechanical HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems are a big
part of mechanical engineering for building systems and the one that
affects energy usage the most. People typically forget the importance
of the “Ventilation” side of the HVAC system. If you don’t have proper
ventilation, CO2 and other pollutant levels can get too high and cause
illness. The State Board of Health can actually fine a building owner
for not providing proper ventilation.

5. Plumbing This is more than just your sinks and toilets. Besides everything else
you would find in a restroom, plumbing engineers also design
domestic hot water heating systems, water softening systems, storm
piping systems for roof drainage, and fire protection and sprinkler

23
 systems. Plumbing engineers typically work closely with civil and
mechanical engineers.

6. Structural There is more involved here than the columns, trusses, beams, and
footers that get installed in the building to ensure its stability. They
also work with the owner and other engineers to figure out how to
provide pathways through the building to route all of the various
systems, and to plan for future expansion of the building.  One
example of planning for the future might be installing additional
structure in a roof system to accommodate a future solar panel
installation when funds are available.

7. Technology This particular system could be considered a subset of electrical, but

it technology engineers have specialized skills. Technology covers a
broad range of products such as security and card access, cameras,
IT infrastructure such as wireless internet access, telephone systems,
audio visual (AV) equipment, and centralized clock systems. They
typically collaborate with interior designers and electrical engineers
during their design.  For example, if a room has a lot of natural light,
you will need a specific projector system in order for the projections to
be visible.

24
3.0 CASE STUDY

The main purpose of this case study is to study on how services systems works in a
building. The building that are chosen for this case study is a refurbished building that is
UTC which is located in Ipoh, Perak. We need to know about these systems works which are
mechanical ventilation system, air conditioning system, lift/elevator system, escalator
system, electrical system, telecommunication system and Integrated Building Services
system.

25
3.1 MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM

INFORMATION DESCRIPTION
Type of System Used Exhaust System

Components of the system

Figure 3.1.1

Figure 3.1.2

Operation Controlled by guard which it is being switch on

at 8.00 am and switch off at 5.00 pm daily.

Maintenance Schedule Monthly maintenance by contracting company

Advantages of The System - Remove bad odour that comes from the
Used market
- Increase comfort for occupants of the
building

Problems Faced - Some of it cannot be used anymore as

it is broken

26
3.2 AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

INFORMATION DESCRIPTION
Type of System Used Split air-conditioning unit
- 317 units installed in the building which
consists of two types;
i. wall mounted
ii. ceiling cassette
Components of the system - Indoor unit:

Figure 3.2.1

Figure 3.2.2

Figure 3.2.3

27
 - Outdoor unit:

Figure 3.2.4

Operation - Ceiling cassette air conditioner controlled by

the main switchboard
- Wall mounted air conditioner controlled by
the sub switch board in every department.
Maintenance Schedule - Monthly minor maintenance by contracting
company
- Yearly major servicing by contracting
company
Advantages of The System - Can cover a large space
Used - Aesthetic value of the building
Problems Faced - The remote sensor damaged caused the air-
conditioner cannot be switched on
- The components in the air-conditioning too
dirty
- Insufficient gas

28
3.3 LIFT/ELEVATOR SYSTEM

INFORMATIO
DESCRIPTION
N
Type of System Passenger Lift Service Lift
Used

Figure 3.3.2 service lift

- Hydraulic lift

Figure 3.3.1 Passenger lift

- Machine Room Less
Lift (MRL)

Operation Always in standby mode Being switch on when needed

Maintenance Twice a year minor
Schedule maintenance by contracting
company
Advantages of - Ease occupants of the
The System building to move
Used - Saving space where
maintenance platform
is located under the
host
Problems Faced - Power problem:
where the lift automatically
goes down to ground floor
and open the gab car without
- IC Board problem –
someone stuck in the
lift
- Power failure - the lift
Twice a year minor maintenance
by contracting company
- Cheaper to install than
other elevator types
- Occupy less space in a
building, requiring almost
10% less area for the lift
shaft
- Easy to move heavy
loads to upper floor
- Hard to open due to the
corrosion of door.

29
will automatically goes
down to ground floor

30
3.4 ESCALATOR SYSTEM
INFORMATION
Type of System Used Step Type Escalator
Operation
Maintenance Schedule
Advantages of The System
Used
Problems Faced No problems occur
3.5 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
- Consists of 2 ways: going up and going down
Figure 3.4.1
- Powered by an electric motor where pair of
chains looped around two pairs of gears rotate
to move the steps along while a larger metal
structure
- The steps then move about like a conveyer belt,
entering into a special guide system at the top
and bottom of the truss to create a level platform
for passengers to board or exit.
- Being switch on using key method and being
switch off by pressing a stop button daily
- Monthly inspection of function, handrail, motor
and safety of the escalator.
- Yearly inspection by Department of
Occupational Safety and Health
- Escalators occupy space no more than stairs
- Help in reducing overall travel time across a
facility
- these systems also create a minimum speed at
which all passengers must travel
31
 INFORMATION DESCRIPTION
Type of System Used Series circuit

Figure 3.5.1 Main switch board

Figure 3.5.2 Sub switch board

Operation Main switch board only use to control the electricity of

the building except for departments. Departments has
their own sub switch board to control the electricity
Maintenance Schedule - Every three years on inspection, testing and
servicing the equipment by contracting mechanical
and electrical company
Advantages of The - Easy management of the electricity
System Used - Easy installation of wiring works
Problems Faced No problems occur

32
3.6 TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM

INFORMATION DESCRIPTION
Type of System Used i. Dedicated line
ii. Wi-Fi and Internet

Figure 3.6.1

Figure 3.6.2

Operation Dedicated line

- Every department in the building has
its own dial number and cannot be
switched
Wi-Fi and Internet
- Use Wi-Fi for the whole building
Maintenance Schedule Monthly minor inspection by contracting
company
Advantages of The System Used - Ease client to contact specific
department

33
 - Ease staffs to do their works
Problems Faced - Unstable connection of the Internet
- Short range of Wi-Fi covering

34
3.7 INTEGRATED BUILDING SERVICES SYSTEM
INFORMATION
Type of System Used
Components of the system
Operation
Maintenance Schedule
Advantages of The System Used
35
DESCRIPTION
Fire System, 24/7 monitoring and
security, and alarming
Figure 3.7.1 Fire alarm
Figure 3.7.2 Fire controlling box
Figure 3.7.3 Smoke spilled fan
Controlled by a computer system in
controlling room where it can
automatically detects fire and intrusion
in the building.
Yearly major inspection by contracting
company in charge.
- Improve building performance
 - Easy to control the building
Problems Faced High cost for maintenance as it is a
modern system that needs professional
maintenance engineer.

4.0 CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION

4.1 Conclusion

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 In conclusion, UTC Perak used split exhaust fan and smoke spilled fan for the
mechanical ventilation. Exhaust fan is used to extract odors smell in the building. But smoke
spilled fan is used for extract the smoke when the building in fire. UTC Perak also used split
unit as their air conditioning system. This split unit is easy and take least time to install the
system. This is because the government want to save their budget to renovate UTC Perak.
Besides that, UTC Perak used Machine Room Less Lift and Hydraulic Lift for passenger and
goods lift. Machine Room Less Lift is used because it saving space and the cost of the
building. Hydraulic Lift is used for goods because it has greater lifting strength and cheaper
to be install than others elevators. Moreover, UTC Perak used going up and down escalators
because it will ease their customer to do their own activity. The used of this escalator will
reduce the time for the occupant to across to another place. Furthermore, UTC Perak is not
used IBS system for all the equipment except for lighting, fire system, alarming, 24/7
monitoring, security and power socket. There is a room that control for that equipment. This
room will detect the problem that happen in the building.

4.2 Recommendation

The recommendation from the site visit at the UTC Perak, this building should use
complete IBS System to increase their building performance. Besides that, UTC Perak
should use centralized unit for the air conditioning system because this system can be
control by a computer. This is because when a building use complete IBS System it can
control all the system and can detect the problem in the building by a computer. This system
also will save the energy usage in the building because this system has a sensor that will
detect the presence of occupant in a certain surface. So this system will reduce the cost of
power usage. Moreover, this system also improves the performance of manual maintenance
programs (preventive maintenance) by scheduling employees, issuing and tracking work
orders, scheduling preventive maintenance tasks, storing tasks required for preventive
maintenance on each piece of equipment and tracking inventory.

REFERENCES

1. Brian Atkin. (1988). Intelligent Building. United State of America: Halstead Press.

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2. Benjamin Stein DII. (2015). Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buildings.
Canada: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
3. Barrie Rigby. (2005). Design of Electrical Services for Buildings, 4th Edition. London:
Spoon Press.
4. Michael I Callanan. (2008). Electrical System. America: America Technician
Publisher
5. https://www.slideshare.net/NooruleInieOsman/air-conditioning-system
6. https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_conditioner
7. https://www.utc.my/hubungi/utc-perak-ipoh-perak/
8. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_Transformation_Centre#UTC_Perak
9. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalator
10. https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_conditioner
11. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_ventilation
12. https://www.bpcventilation.com/blog/what-is-a-mechanical-ventilation-system
13. https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elevator
14. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunication
15. https://schmidt-arch.com/the-7-types-of-building-systems-engineering/
16. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4794586

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