Stress and Strain

Analysis of Stress and Strain

Mechanics of Solids MET201

Siju K
Department of Mechanical Engineering
College of Engineering Thalassery

September 13, 2020

Mechanics of Solids MET201 Analysis of Stress and Strain

 Stress and Strain

Outline

Stress and Strain

Mechanics of Solids MET201 Analysis of Stress and Strain

 Stress and Strain

Introduction

I Mechanics of materials is a branch of mechanics which deals

with the internal eects and deformations that are caused
by the applied loads.

I Stress is associated with the strength of the material from

which the body is made.

I Strain is a measure of the deformation of the body.

I A thorough understanding of the fundamentals of this subject

is of vital importance for the design of any machine or
structure.

I A machine part or structure must be strong enough to carry

the applied load without breaking and, at the same time, the
deformations must not be excessive.

Mechanics of Solids MET201 Analysis of Stress and Strain

 Stress and Strain

Body Forces, Surface Forces

In general,an arbitrary object (body) will be subjected to two types

of forces-

I Body forces - Which act on each volume element of the body.

Eg: Gravitational force, Electrostatic force, Magnetic force,
Inertia force etc.

I Surface forces - Which act on the surface or area elements of

the body. Forces acting on the actual boundaries are called
surface tractions. Eg: Pressure, Friction, Support reactions,
Stress etc.

Mechanics of Solids MET201 Analysis of Stress and Strain

 Stress and Strain

Equations of equilibrium

I Balancing of forces- to prevent the body from translating or

having accelerated motion along a straight or curved path,

I Balancing of moments - to prevent the body from rotating.

ΣF = 0
(1)
ΣMo = 0

Mechanics of Solids MET201 Analysis of Stress and Strain

 Stress and Strain

Method of Sections

In mechanics of materials,statics is primarily used to determine the

resultant loadings that act within a body. This is done using the
method of sections.

I The body is acted by four external forces

I Pass an imaginary section or cut through the region where

the internal loadings are to be determined.

I The two parts of the body are then separated.

I Draw the free-body diagram of one of the parts as shown in

gure

I There will be a distribution of internal force acting on the

exposed area of the section,in order to balance the external
forces

I The resultants FR and MRO ,are determined by applying the

equations of equilibrium.

Mechanics of Solids MET201 Analysis of Stress and Strain

 Stress and Strain

Method of Sections

Mechanics of Solids MET201 Analysis of Stress and Strain

 Stress and Strain

Types of resultant loadings

I Normal force, N -This force acts perpendicular to the area.It is

developed whenever the external loads tend to push or pull on
the two segments of the body.

I Shear force, V- The shear force lies in the plane of the

area,and it is developed when the external loads tend to cause
the two segments of the body to slide over one another.

I Torsional moment or torque,T -This eect is developed when

the external loads tend to twist one segment of the body with
respect to the other about an axis perpendicular to the area.

I Bending moment, M- The bending moment is caused by the

external loads that tend to bend the body about an axis lying
within the plane of the area.

Mechanics of Solids MET201 Analysis of Stress and Strain

 Stress and Strain

Types of loads

Mechanics of Solids MET201 Analysis of Stress and Strain

 Stress and Strain

Types of loads

Mechanics of Solids MET201 Analysis of Stress and Strain