CAPITOLUL 2

ITEMI OBIECTIVI
, 7 ( 0 , & 8 $ / ( * ( 5 ( ' 8 $ / 2.2. ITEMI
DE TIP PERECHE ,
7(0,&8$/(*(5(08/7,3/

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ÌQWUH DFHúWLD R FDWHJRULHGLVWLQFWRIRUPHD]itemii obiectiviFDUDFWHUL]D
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Obiectivitatea DFHVWRULWHPLDUHvQYHGHUHXUPWRDUHOHDVSHFWH
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VRFLRXPDQ GDWRULW specificului lor:
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LGHWLSUHSURGXFWLY -

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ULX

Din categoria itemilor obiectivi fac parte:

LWHPLLFXDOHJHUHGXDODGHYUDWIDOV -
 itemii de tip pereche,
- LWHPLLFXDOHJHUHPXOWLSO

,7(0,&8$/(*(5('8$/

,WHPLLFXDOHJHUHGXDOSXQHOHYXOvQVLWXD
LDGHDVHOHFWDUVSXQVXOFRUHFWGLQGRDU
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G.
Itemii de tip da/nuúLDGHYUDWIDOVVXQWFHOPDLIUHFYHQWIRORVL L

8WLOL]DUHDORUSRDWHILDGHFYDWDWXQFLFkQGSURIHVRUXOGRUHúWHVHYDOXH]H

24
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XULOHIDFWXDOHúLFHOHGH opinie;
- FDSDFLWDWHD HOHYXOXL GH D LGHQWLILFD UHOD LL GH WLS
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Pentru proiectarea FRUHFW D DFHVWXL WLS GH LWHPL HVWH QHFHVDU

UHVSHFWDUHD XUPWRDUHORUFHULQ H*URQOXQGS
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EDQDOL GLQ SXQFW GH YHGHUHúWLLQ LILF
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HOHPHQWHORU
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XOXLúLFHULQ DLWHPXOXL
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HOHYLORUVGHFLGDGHYUXOVDXIDOVLWDWHDUHOD
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YRU IL DSUR[LPDWLY
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Exemple:

'LVFLSOLQD/RJLFúLDUJXPHQWDUH
Clasa a IX-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ LQXW$UJXPHQWúLDUJXPHQWDUH Obiectiv:
(OHYXOYDILFDSDELOVUHFXQRDVFHQXQ XULFDUHDXVWUXFWXUDORJLFDXQXL
argument.
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]L FHQXQ XOQXHVWHXQDUJXPHQWvQFHUFXLHúWHUVSXQVXO18

25
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(5VSXQVFRUHFW NU)

- 2SURSR]L
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DA NU
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vQFHUFXLHúWH UVSXQVXO $'(95$7 GDF DSUHFLH]L F DILUPD
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$'(95$7)$/6
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$'(95$7)$/6
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26
Disciplina: Psihologie
Clasa a X-a
8QLWDWHD GH FRQ LQXW 3URFHVHOH SVLKLFH úL UROXO ORU vQ HYROX
LD SHUVRQDOLW LL procesele psihice senzoriale.
Obiectiv: (OHYXO YD IL FDSDELO V UHFXQRDVF vQVXúLUL HVHQ LDOH DOH
SURFHVHORU psihice senzoriale.
(QXQ
¨ &LWHúWHFXDWHQ LHILHFDUHGLQXUPWRDUHOHDILUPD
LLÌQFD]XOvQFDUHDSUHFLH]L F DILUPD LD HVWH DGHYUDW vQFHUFXLHúWH
OLWHUD $ GDF DSUHFLH]L F DILUPD LD QX HVWH
DGHYUDWvQFHUFXLHúWHOLWHUD)

- 6HQ]D LD HVWH XQ SURFHV SVLKLF HOHPHQWDU FDUH

LQIRUPHD] GHVSUH SURSULHW
LOHFRQFUHWHúLVHSDUDWHDOHRELHFWHORUvQFRQGL LLOHDF
LXQLLGLUHFWHD acestora asupra analizatorilor.
A F
(5VSXQVFRUHFW A)

- $WkWVHQ]D LDFkWúLSHUFHS
LDVXQWLPDJLQLSULPDUHGHRDUHFHUHIOHFWQXPDL
vQVXúLULFRQFUHWHDOHRELHFWHORUúLIHQRPHQHORU
A F
(5VSXQVFRUHFW F)

-
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VHORUSVLKLFH primare.
A F
(5VSXQVFRUHFW F)

-
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A F
(5VSXQVFRUHFW A)

3HQWUXDULGLFDQLYHOXOGHGLILFXOWDWHDLWHPLORUFXDOHJHUHGXDOFHULQ
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XULOHDGHYUDWHUHVSHFWLYIDOVHLVHSRWDGXJDGRXFHULQ HVXSOLPHQWDUH:
a.
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WDOHQXQ XOXL b.
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LDVGHYLQDGHYUDW

(QXQ
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vQFHUFXLHúWHOLWHUD)ÌQFD]XODILUPD LLORUIDOVH
a. VXEOLQLD]FXYkQWXOFDUHIDFHFDDILUPD LDVILHIDOV
b. VFULHvQVSD LXOVSHFLDOPDUFDWFXYkQWXOFDUHIDFHFDDILUPD
LDVGHYLQDGHYUDW

27
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subiectului identificarea lui.
A F ……………………
(5VSXQVFRUHFW A)

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A F ……………………
(5VSXQVFRUHFW F
cuvântul care trebuie subliniat esteDQDOLWLF
cuvântul cu care trebuie înlocuit este
VLQWHWLF)

- 3HUFHS LD UHIOHFW vQ PRG QHGLIHUHQ LDW vQVXúLULOH

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A F …………………...
(5VSXQVFRUHFW A)

- 5HSUH]HQWDUHD HVWH XQ SURFHV GH UHIOHFWDUH QHPLMORFLW D

SURSULHW LORU RELHFWHORU úL IHQRPHQHORU GDWH vQ
H[SHULHQ D VHQ]RULDO DQWHULRDU D subiectului.
A F …………………...
(5VSXQVFRUHFW F
cuvântul care trebuie subliniat este
QHPLMORFLW cuvântul cu care trebuie
înlocuit este PLMORFLW).

Disciplina: Economie
Clasa a X-a, a XI-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ LQXW)DFWRULLGHSURGXF LH
Obiectiv: (OHYXO YD IL FDSDELO V UHFXQRDVF LQWHUGHSHQGHQ D GLQWUH
IDFWRULL GH SURGXF LHúLUHVXUVH
(QXQ
¨ &LWHúWHFXDWHQ LHILHFDUHGLQXUPWRDUHOHDILUPD
LLÌQFD]XOvQFDUHDSUHFLH]L F DILUPD LD HVWH DGHYUDW vQFHUFXLHúWH
OLWHUD $ GDF DSUHFLH]L F DILUPD LD QX HVWH
DGHYUDWvQFHUFXLHúWHOLWHUD)

- 2 DFWLYLWDWH HFRQRPLF UD LRQDO FUHHD] SUHPLVH SHQWUX

vPEXQW LUHD
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A F
(5VSXQVFRUHFW A)

- 2ULFHIDFWRUGHSURGXF
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FRQVLGHUDWXQIDFWRUGHSURGXF LH
A F
(5VSXQVFRUHFW F)

28
 - &DúLUHVXUVHOHIDFWRULLGHSURGXF LHWUHEXLHFRQVLGHUD
LvQWRWGHDXQDFDILLQG OLPLWD
LvQUDSRUWFXQHYRLOHFHWUHEXLHVFVDWLVIFXWHFXDMXWRUXOORU
A F
(5VSXQV corect A)

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a. VXEOLQLD]FXYkQWXOFDUHIDFHFDDILUPD LDVILHIDOV
b. VFULHvQVSD LXOVSHFLDOPDUFDWFXYkQWXOFDUHIDFHFDDILUPD
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(5VSXQVFRUHFW A)

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UHVXUVHORU
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ODFWLYLW LL economice.
A F…………………….
(5VSXQVFRUHFW F
cuvântul care trebuie înlocuit este extensiv
cuvântul cu care trebuie înlocuit este intensiv)

- ÌPERJ LUHDFRQ
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HIHFWFUHúWHUHDGXUDWHLPXQFLL
A F…………………….
(5VSXQVFRUHFW F
cuvântul care trebuie înlocuit este FUHúWHUHD
cuvântul cu care trebuie înlocuit este reducerea)

- )DFWRUXO GH SURGXF LH FDSLWDO HVWH SDUWH D UHVXUVHORU

GHULYDWH GHRDUHFH
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 A F……………………
(5VSXQVFRUHFW F
cuvântul care trebuie înlocuit este direct
cuvântul cu care trebuie înlocuit este indirect)

29
Disciplina: Filosofie
Clasa a XII-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ LQXW2PXO±FDSUREOHPILORVRILF
Obiectivul: (OHYXO YD IL FDSDELO V UHFXQRDVF VSHFLILFXO DERUGULL
ILORVRILFH D problematicii umanului.
(QXQ
¨ &LWHúWHFXDWHQ LHILHFDUHGLQXUPWRDUHOHDILUPD
LLÌQFD]XOvQFDUHDSUHFLH]L F DILUPD LD HVWH DGHYUDW vQFHUFXLHúWH
OLWHUD $ GDF DSUHFLH]L F DILUPD LD QX HVWH
DGHYUDWvQFHUFXLHúWHOLWHUD)

- $VHPHQLúWLLQ HLILORVRILDHODERUHD]GHILQL
LLULJXURDVHúLXQDQLPDFFHSWDWH
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H
A F
(5VSXQVFRUHFW F)

- 0DULOHFRQFHS
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LWDWHD umanului.
A F
(5VSXQVFRUHFW A)

- )LORVRILD QX G UVSXQVXUL GHILQLWLYH FL SXQH vQWUHEUL úL

FRQVWUXLHúWH alternative.
A F
(5VSXQVFRUHFW A)

- ÌQWUXFkW QDWXUD XPDQ HVWH FRPSOH[ úL FRQWUDGLFWRULH vQ

PDQLIHVWULOH HL VXUSULQGHUHDVSHFLILFLW
LLPRGXOXLXPDQGHDILQXHVWHSRVLELOvQWURGHILQL LH
ORJLFVDWLVIFWRDUH
A F
(5VSXQVFRUHFW A)

2.2. ITEMI DE TIP PERECHE

,WHPLLGHWLSSHUHFKHSXQHOHYXOvQVLWXD LDGHDGHWHUPLQDFRUHVSRQGHQ
DFRUHFWvQWUH FXYLQWHSURSR]L LLIUD]HYDORULQXPHULFHVHPQLILFD
LLOLWHUHVLPEROXULLQIRUPD LLúD
(OHPHQWHOHvQWUHFDUHWUHEXLHVWDELOLWFRUHVSRQGHQ
DVXQWGLVWULEXLWHvQGRXFRORDQH
- SULPDFRORDQFRQ LQHHOHPHQWHOHFHFRQVWLWXLHGHIDSWHQXQ
XOLWHPXOXLúL care sunt denumite premise;
- DGRXDFRORDQFRQ LQHHOHPHQWHOHFDUHUHSUH]LQWUVSXQVXULOH
,QVWUXF
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$FHúWL LWHPL HYDOXHD] DELOLWDWHD HOHYXOXL GH D LGHQWLILFD UHOD LD

H[LVWHQW vQWUH GRX
HOHPHQWH'HFHOHPDLPXOWHRULDFHDVWDELOLWDWHSUHVXSXQHUHFXQRDúWH
UHDUHOD LHL

30
DGLFDQWUHQHD]FDSDFLW
LGHWLSUHSURGXFWLY8WLOL]DUHDORUSRDWHILDGHFYDWDWXQFL
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UHOD LLvQWUH

- RDPHQL±UHDOL]UL
- date – evenimente istorice
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- reguli – exemple
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- FRPSRQHQWH±XWLOL]UL

3HQWUX SURLHFWDUHD FRUHFW D LWHPLORU GH WLS SHUHFKH HVWH

QHFHVDU UHVSHFWDUHD XUPWRDUHORUFHULQ H*URQOXQGRSFLWS
- utilizarea unui material omogen
-

LQFOXGHUHDXQXLQXPULQHJDOGHUVSXQVXULúLSUHPLVHúLLQVWUXLUHD
HOHYLORUvQ
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VDX QLFLRGDW
-

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HLFRUHFWH
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,WHPLL GH WLS SHUHFKH SHUPLW DERUGDUHD XQXL YROXP FRQVLVWHQW GH

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Exemple:

'LVFLSOLQD/RJLFúLDUJXPHQWDUH
Clasa a IX-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ LQXW'HILQLUHDúLFODVLILFDUHD Obiectivul:
(OHYXOYDILFDSDELOVUHFXQRDVFDSDUWHQHQ DXQHLGHILQL LLODRDQXPLW
FDWHJRULHVDXWLSGHGHIL
QL LH (QXQ
¨ ÌQFRORDQDGLQVWkQJD$VXQWHQXPHUDWHWLSXULGHGHILQL
LHFRORDQDGLQGUHDSWD% FRQ LQHH[HPSOHFRQFUHWHGHGHILQL
LL$VRFLD]ILHFDUHGHILQL LHGLQFRORDQD%WLSXOXL
FRUHVSXQ]WRUGLQFRORDQD$VFULLQGvQVSD
LXOGLQVWkQJDQXPUXOXLGHRUGLQHGLQSULPD
FRORDQ$OLWHUDSRWULYLWGLQFRORDQD%
XQDúLDFHHDúLGHILQL LHSRDWHVDSDU LQPDLPXOWRUWLSXULGHGHILQL LH

A B
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««GHILQL
LHH[WHQVLRQDOWRDUHOHFODVHGHFXYLQWHVXEVWDQWLYXODG

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LDOL]DUHHODERUDUHúLIRUPXODUHDGHFYDW

,
WHPLLFXUVSXQVVFXUWVROLFLWHOHYXOXLHODERUDUHDUVSXQVXOXLVXEIRUPDFR
QFLVDXQHL SURSR]L
LLIUD]HXQHRULGRDUFXYkQWVLPEROQXPU&HOPDLDGHVHDHLDXIRUPDXQHL
vQWUHEUL
,WHPLLGHFRPSOHWDUHVROLFLWHOHYXOXLJVLUHDFXYkQWXOXLVDXVLQWDJPHLF
DUHFRPSOHWHD] DILUPD LDFRQ LQXWvQHQXQ
FRQIRUPVHQVXOXLDFHVWHLD&HOPDLDGHVHDHLDXIRUPD XQHLDILUPD
LLLQFRPSOHWH

Pentru
proiectareaFRUHFWDLWHPLORUFXUVSXQVVFXUWGHFRPSOHWDUHHVWHQHFHVDU
UHVSHFWDUHDXUPWRDUHORUFHULQ H
- IRUPXODUHDHQXQ
XOXLLWHPXOXLúLDVDUFLQLLWUHEXLHUHDOL]DWvQDúDIHOvQFkW
UVSXQVXOQHFHVDUVSRDWILVFXUWúLSUHFLV
- ILHFDUHLWHPWUHEXLHVDLEXQVLQJXUUVSXQVFRUHFW
- VSD
LXOOLEHUIXUQL]DWSHQWUXUHGDFWDUHDUDVSXQVXOXLWUHEXLHVILH
VXILFLHQWGH PDUH DVWIHO vQFkW HOHYXO FDUH DUH XQ VFULV
PDL PDUH V QX VH VLPW GH]DYDQWDMDWID GH HOHYXO FX XQ VFULV
PDL PUXQW úL V VXJHUH]H GDF UDVSXQVXODúWHSWDWFRQ
LQHXQVLQJXUFXYkQWVDXPDLPXOWH

39
 -

GDFUDVSXQVXOSRDWHILIRUPXODWvQOLPEDMHGLIHULWHDWXQFLWUHEX
LHSUHFL]DW
H[SOLFLWH[SULPDUHDDúWHSWDWQXPHULFOLWHUDOJUDILFVLPEROLFHWF
-

HVWHGHGRULWVVHHYLWHXWLOL]DUHDXQRUWH[WHGLQPDQXDOHSHQWU
XDQXvQFXUDMD PHPRUDUHDPHFDQLFúLvQY DUHDGHWLSUHSURGXFWLY

AvantajeleLWHPLORUFXUVSXQVVFXUWGHFRPSOHWDUHGHFXUJGLQDFHHDF
- SHUPLWHYDOXDUHDXQRUFDSDFLW
LGHQLYHOVXSHULRUFHORULPSOLFDWHvQVLPSOD
UHFXQRDúWHUHúLUHDFWXDOL]DUH
- VROLFLWFRHUHQ úLFRQFL]LXQHvQHODERUDUHDUVSXQVXOXL
- SHUPLWHYDOXDUHDXQXLQXPUUHODWLYVHPQLILFDWLYGHFXQRúWLQ
HVWUXFWXUDWHvQ GHSULQGHULúLFDSDFLW L
-

VDUFLQDVWUXFWXUDWúLUVSXQVXOFRQFLVFHUXWSHUPLWHYLWDUHDLQ
IOXHQ HLDOWRU DELOLW L FDUH DU LQWHUIHUD FX FHD HYDOXDW
úL DU GXFH OD GLVWRUVLRQDUHD HYDOXULL
- VHHODERUHD]UHODWLYXúRUúLUDSLG
-

VHFRUHFWHD]úLVHQRWHD]FXXQJUDGVXILFLHQWGHRELHFWLYLWDWH±G
DFOLVH DVRFLD]RVFKHPGHQRWDUHDGHFYDW

Dezavantaje: GLQFDX]DSDUWLFXODULW
LORUORULWHPLLFXUVSXQVVFXUWGHFRPSOHWDUHQX VXQWUHFRPDQGD
LSHQWUXHYDOXDUHDFDSDFLW
LORULQWHOHFWXDOHVXSHULRDUH±UH]ROYDUHDGH
SUREOHPHDQDOL]DVLQWH]DIRUPXODUHDGHDUJXPHQWHIRUPXODUHDGHVROX
LLSRVLELOHúL H[SULPDUHDRS LXQLLSHUVRQDOH
'HDVHPHQHDFDSDFLWDWHDGHDIRUPXODXQUVSXQVVFXUWúLFRQFLV±QHFHVDUvQP
XOWH VLWXD
LL±WUHEXLHDVRFLDWFXFDSDFLWDWHDGHDGH]YROWDXQGLVFXUVGHDFRQVWUXLVL
WXD LL
GHFRPXQLFDUHFRPSOH[HGHH[SULPDUHOLEHUúLFUHDWLY'HDFHHDXWLOL]DUHDDFH
VWXL WLS GH LWHPL vQ FDGUXO HYDOXULL OD GLVFLSOLQHOH VRFLRXPDQH
WUHEXLH SRQGHUDW FX SUXGHQ

Exemple:

'LVFLSOLQD/RJLFúLDUJXPHQWDUH
Clasa a IX-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ
LQXW$QDOL]DORJLFDDUJXPHQWHORU±UDSRUWXULvQWUHSURSR]L LL
Obiectivul: (OHYXO YD IL FDSDELO V VWDELOHDVF UDSRUWXO ORJLF vQ
FDUH VH DIO
GRXSURSR]L
LLH[SULPDWHvQOLPEDMQDWXUDOúLVDXORJLF (QXQ
¨ (QXPHUFHOHSDWUXWLSXULIXQGDPHQWDOHGHSURSR]L LLFDWHJRULFH

1…………………………………………………………………………
2…………………………………………………………………………
3…………………………………………………………………………
4…………………………………………………………………………

(5VSXQVFRUHFW3URSR]L
LHXQLYHUVDODILUPDWLY 3URSR]L
LHXQLYHUVDOQHJDWLY
3URSR]L LHSDUWLFXODUDILUPDWLY

40
3URSR]L LHSDUWLFXODUQHJDWLY )
LHFUXLUDVSXQVFRUHFWLVHDVRFLD]XQQXPUGHSXQFWH2UGLQHDHQXPHUULLQXD
UH VHPQLILFD LH

(QXQ
¨ )LHXUPWRDUHOHGRXSURSR]L LL

7R LHOHYLLFDUHDXRE LQXWPHGLDJHQHUDOVXQWDúWHSWD LODGLUHF

LXQHDúFROLL 8QLLHOHYLFDUHDXRE
LQXWPHGLDJHQHUDOQXVXQWDúWHSWD LODGLUHF LXQH

,GHQWLILFUDSRUWXOORJLFvQFDUHVHDIOFHOHGRXSURSR]L LLúLQRWHD]OvQVSD
LXOOLEHUGH mai jos.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(QXQ
¨ &RPSOHWHD]VSD LLOHSXQFWDWHDVWIHOvQFkWVRE LLDILUPD LLDGHYUDWH

a. 'RXSURSR]L LLVHDIOvQUDSRUWGHFRQWUDGLF LHGDFQXSRWILvPSUHXQ««««««

……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b. 'RXSURSR]L
LLVHDIOvQUDSRUWGHFRQWUDULHWDWHGDFQXSRWILVLPXOWDQ«««««
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
c. 'RXSURSR]L
LLVHDIOvQUDSRUWGHVXEFRQWUDULHWDWHGDFQXSRWILVLPXOWDQ««««
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
d. ÌQWUXQUDSRUWGHVXEDOWHUQDUHVHSRWDIODGRXSURSR]L
LLFDUHDX««««««««
………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(5VSXQVFRUHFWDQLFLIDOVHQLFLDGHYUDWHEDGHYUDWHGDUSRWILVLPXOWDQ
IDOVHF IDOVHGDFHHDúLFDOLWDWH

Disciplina: Psihologie
Clasa a X-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ LQXW3URFHVHOHSVLKLFHúLUROXOORUvQHYROX
LDSHUVRQDOLW LL± PRWLYD LD
Obiectivul: (OHYXO YD IL FDSDELO V FDUDFWHUL]H]H SURFHVHOH SVLKLFH
PRWLYD LRQDOH
GLQSHUVSHFWLYDUROXOXLORUvQPDQLIHVWDUHDSHUVRQDOLW LL
(QXQ
¨ (QXPHUFHOHWUHLIXQF LLSULQFLSDOHSULQFDUHPRWLYD
LDvúLUHDOL]HD]UROXOUHJODWRU
1……………………………………………………………………………………………
2……………………………………………………………………………………………
3……………………………………………………………………………………………

(5VSXQVFRUHFWIXQF LDGHVHOHFWDUHDFWLYDUHúLGHFODQúDUHIXQF
LDGHRULHQWDUH ±GLUHF LRQDUHIXQF LDGHVXV LQHUH±SRWHQ DUH

41
(QXQ
¨ 1XPHúWH QLYHOXO GH LQWHQVLWDWH DO LPSXOVXOXL PRWLYD LRQDO
FDUH DVLJXU HILFLHQ D PD[LPDDFWLYLW LLFRPSRUWDPHQWXOXL
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(5VSXQVFRUHFWRSWLPXPPRWLYD LRQDO

(QXQ
¨ &RPSOHWHD]VSD LLOHSXQFWDWHDVWIHOvQFkWVRE LLDILUPD LLDGHYUDWH
a. &DOHJHGHED]DRUJDQL]ULLúLIXQF
LRQULLVLVWHPXOXLGHSHUVRQDOLWDWHPRWLYD LD
este……………………………………………………………………………………………..
b. ÌQOLPLWHUH]RQDELOHIUXVWUDUHDvQGHSOLQHúWH«««««««««««««««««« c.
5HIXODUHD HVWH SURFHVXO GH vQOWXUDUH GLQ ]RQD SUHRFXSULORU
FRQúWLHQWH D LPSXOVXULORUúLGRULQ
HORUFDUH««««««««««««««««««««««««
d.
5HSULPDUHDHVWHSURFHVXOYLROHQWGHUHWUDJHUHvQ]RQDLQFRQúWLHQWXO
XLDGRULQ HORU LPSXOVXULORUVDXWHQGLQ
HORUFDUH«««««««««««««««««««««««

(5VSXQVFRUHFWDFDX]DLQWHUQDFRPSRUWDPHQWXOXLEXQUROSR]LWLYFQXSRWI
L VDWLVIFXWHvQVLWXD
LDGDWGVXQWFRQVLGHUDWHLQGH]LUDELOHVDXLQDFFHSWDELOHVRFLDO

Disciplina: Economie
&ODVDD;DúLD;,D
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ LQXW5HOD LDFHUHUHRIHUWSUH SUH XO
Obiectivul: (OHYXO YD IL FDSDELO V VWDELOHDVF FRUHOD LL HFRQRPLFH
VHPQLILFDWLYH
vQWUHPRGLILFDUHDUDSRUWXOXLFHUHUHRIHUWúLPRGLILFDUHDSU
H XOXL
(QXQ
¨ (QXPHUD
LFHOHSDWUXFDWHJRULLGHFDX]HHFRQRPLFHFDUHSRWGHWHUPLQDPRGLILFDUHD
SUH XOXLGHHFKLOLEUX
1…………………………………………………………………………………
2…………………………………………………………………………………
3…………………………………………………………………………………
4…………………………………………………………………………………

(5VSXQVFRUHFW: 1. modificarea cererii; 2. modificarea ofertei; 3. modificarea costului

WRWDOPHGLXPRGLILFDUHDSUH XULORUDOWRUEXQXUL

(QXQ
¨ &RPSOHWHD]VSD LLOHSXQFWDWHDVWIHOvQFkWVRE LLDILUPD LLDGHYUDWH
a. 0RGLILFDUHD FHUHULL úL PRGLILFDUHD SUH XOXL GH HFKLOLEUX
 VH DIO vQ UHOD
LH « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « «
b. 0RGLILFDUHD RIHUWHL úL PRGLILFDUHD SUH XOXL GH HFKLOLEUX
VH DIO vQ UHOD
LH « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « «
c. 0RGLILFDUHD FRVWXOXL WRWDO PHGLX úL PRGLILFDUHD SUH XOXL GH
HFKLOLEUX VH DIO vQ UHOD
LH « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « «

42
d. ,QWHUYHQ LDGLUHFWDDXWRULW LORUSXEOLFHDVXSUDSUH
XOXLGHHFKLOLEUXVHUHDOL]HD]
prin…………………………………………………………………………………………..…

(5VSXQV FRUHFW D SR]LWLY E QHJDWLY F QHJDWLY G IL[DUHD XQRU QLYHOXUL

VDX SODIRDQHGHSUH

(QXQ
¨ 1XPHúWHYROXPXOGHWUDQ]DF LLSHSLD FUXLDvLFRUHVSXQGHSUH
XOGHHFKLOLEUX
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(5VSXQVFRUHFW: cantitatea de echilibru).

Disciplina: Filosofie
Clasa a XII-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ LQXW2PXO±FDSUREOHPILORVRILF Obiectivul:
(OHYXOYDILFDSDELOVLGHQWLILFHQRWHGHILQLWRULLDOHXPDQXOXLDúDFXPVX
QW
HOHHYLGHQ LDWHvQFDGUXOXQRUFRQFHS
LLILORVRILFHPRGHUQHúLFRQWHPSRUDQH (QXQ
¨ 1XPHúWHILORVRIXOvQFRQFHS
LDFUXLDQRWDGHILQLWRULHDXPDQXOXLHVWHH[LVWHQ DvQWUX
PLVWHUúLSHQWUXUHYHODUH
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..…

(5VSXQVFRUHFW: Lucian Blaga).

¨ &RPSOHWHD]VSD LLOHSXQFWDWHDVWIHOvQFkWVRE LLSURSR]L

LLDGHYUDWH a. Pentru Descartes, nota definitorie a omului este faptul
de a fi
…………………………………………………………………………….
b. Pentru Bergson, nota definitorie a omului este faptul de a fi
…………………………………………………………………………….
c. Pentru Blaga, nota definitorie a omului este faptul de a fi
…………………………………………………………………………….

(5VSXQVFRUHFWDUHVFRJLWDQVVDXILLQ
FXJHWDWRDUHEKRPRIDEHUVDXFUHDWRUGH XQHOWHFH[LVWHQ
DvQWUXPLVWHUúLSHQWUXUHYHODUH

Ì 1 7 5 ( % 5 , 6 7 5 8 & 7 8 5 $7 (

ÌQWUHEULOHVWUXFWXUDWHVXQWLWHPLFDUHFRQ
LQPDLPXOWHVDUFLQLGHOXFUXSXQkQGHOHYXOvQ VLWXD
LDGHDFRQVWUXLUVSXQVXULOHúLGHDDOHJHPRGDOLW
LOHGHIRUPXODUHDDFHVWRUD
(OHUHDOL]HD]WUHFHUHDGHODLWHPLLRELHFWLYLúLVHPLRELHFWLYL±FXWRDWH
FRQVWUkQJHULOHORU ±FWUHLWHPLLOLEHUL

O vQWUHEDUHVWUXFWXUDWHVWHIRUPDWGLQWUXQQXPUYDULDELOGHVHFYHQ
H±VXEvQWUHEUL
FDUHSRWDYHDIRUPDXQRULWHPLRELHFWLYLVHPLRELHFWLYLVDXHVHXVFXUW±D
FURUFRHUHQ

43
úLVXFFHVLXQHGHULYGLQWUXQHOHPHQWFRPXQLGHHIDSWSULQFLSLXOHJHUD
LXQHLQWHUQ a problematicii vizate).

6FKHPDXQXLLWHPGHWLSvQWUHEDUHVWUXFWXUDWHVWHXUPWRDUHD%HWKHOO*

Material / Stimul
WH[WGDWHVWDWLVWLFHGLDJUDPJUDILFLPDJLQHHWF

6XEvQWUHEUL

Date suplimentare

6XEvQWUHEUL

Proiectarea FRUHFW D XQXL LWHP GH WLS LQWUHEDUH VWUXFWXUDW

SUHVXSXQH UHVSHFWDUHD XUPWRDUHORUFHULQ H6WRLFD$(coord.), 1996):
-
VXFFHVLXQHDVXEvQWUHEULORUWUHEXLHVDVLJXUHFUHúWHUHDWUHS
WDWDJUDGXOXL GH GLILFXOWDWH UVSXQVXULOH DúWHSWDWH
VXQW PDL VLPSOH OD vQFHSXW LDU
FRPSOH[LWDWHDúLGLPHQVLXQHDORUFUHVFVSUHILQDO
-

ILHFDUHVXEvQWUHEDUHWUHEXLHVVROLFLWHXQUVSXQVFDUHVQXGHSL
QGGH UVSXQVXO OD VXEvQWUHEDUHD SUHFHGHQW ILHFDUH
VXEvQWUHEDUH WUHEXLH V ILH DXWRFRQ LQXW
- VXEvQWUHEULOH WUHEXLH V ILH vQ FRQFRUGDQ FX
PDWHULDOXOVWLPXOXO XWLOL]DW
DVWIHOvQFkWDFHVWDVFRQVWLWXLHXQVXSRUWvQUH]ROYDUHDVDUF
LQLORU
-

ILHFDUHVXEvQWUHEDUHWUHEXLHVWHVWH]HXQXOVDXPDLPXOWHRELHFWLYH
- ILHFDUHVXEvQWUHEDUHWUHEXLHVILHXUPDWGHXQVSD
LXOLEHUVXILFLHQWSHQWUX
FRQVHPQDUHDGHFWUHHOHYDUVSXQVXOXL

ÌQWUHEULOH VWUXFWXUDWH SHUPLW RSHUD LRQDOL]DUHD XQHL VDUFLQL

PDL FRPSOH[H SULQ RUJDQL]DUHD SDUFXUJHULL DFHVWHLD GH FWUH HOHY
FHHD FH PUHúWH FRQVLGHUDELO RELHFWLYLWDWHDHYDOXULL
3ULQVWUXFWXUDUHDvQWUHEULLDFHVWWLSGHLWHPLSHUPLW
 - WHVWDUHDXQHLYDULHW LGHFXQRúWLQ HFRPSHWHQ
HDELOLW L - JUDGDUHDFRPSOH[LW LLúLGLILFXOW LL
- SDUFXUJHUHDSURJUHVLYDXQHLXQLW LGHFRQ LQXWúLFUHDUHDFRQGL
LLORUSHQWUX
FDHYDOXDUHDVGHDúDQVHWXWXURUHOHYLORUGDUVúLGLVFULPLQH]H
ODYkUI

'LILFXOW
LOHSHFDUHOHFRPSRUWvQWUHEULOHVWUXFWXUDWHVXQWOHJDWHGHIDSWXOF

44
 - materialele auxiliare (stimulul) sunt relativ greu de proiectat
-

XQHRULUVSXQVXOODRVXEvQWUHEDUHGHSLQGHGHUVSXQVXOODVXEvQ
WUHEDUHD DQWHULRDU
- SURLHFWDUHDORUQHFHVLWPDLPXOWWLPS

Exemple
'LVFLSOLQD/RJLFúLDUJXPHQWDUH
Clasa a IX-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ LQXWTipuri de argumentare
Obiectivul: (OHYXO YD IL FDSDELO V XWLOL]H]H LQVWUXPHQWHOH
WHRUHWLFH vQVXúLWH pentru a stabili validitatea unui argument.
(QXQ
¨ )LHXUPWRUXODUJXPHQW
1LFLXQIDSWLQWHQ
LRQDWQXHVWHJDI8QHOHJUHúHOLVXQWJDIH'HFLXQHOHJUHúHOLVXQW
IDSWHQHLQWHQ LRQDWH

1. ,GHQWLILFD
LWHUPHQXOPDMRUWHUPHQXOPLQRUúLWHUPHQXOPHGL
X Termenul major
este………………………………………………. Termenul minor
este………………………………………………. Termenul mediu
este………………………………………………
2. 8WLOL]kQGOHJLOHJHQHUDOHDOHVLORJLVPXOXLGHFLGH
LGDFDUJXPHQWXOHVWHYDOLGVDXQX - Da, este valid
deoarece……………………………………………………………... - Nu, nu este
valid deoarece…………………………………………………………..
3. 'DFDUJXPHQWXOQXHVWHYDOLGLQGLFD LHURDUHDFRPLV
……………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………

(5VSXQVFRUHFW:
1. Termenul major este IDSWLQWHQ LRQDWtermenul minor esteJUHúHOLtermenul
mediu este gafe.
'DHVWHYDOLGGHRDUHFHUHVSHFWWRDWHOHJLOHJHQHUDOHDOHVLORJLVPXOXL

Disciplina: Psihologie
Clasa a X-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ LQXW3URFHVHOHSVLKLFHúLUROXOORUvQHYROX
LDSHUVRQDOLW LL±0RWLYD LD Obiectivul: Elevul va fi capabil:
- V FDUDFWHUL]H]H PRWLYD LD GLQ SHUVSHFWLYD IXQF LLORU SH
FDUH DFHDVWD OH vQGHSOLQHúWHvQFDGUXOFRPSRUWDPHQWXOXL
- VFDUDFWHUL]H]HVWUXFWXULDOHPRWLYD LHLPRWLYHOH
- V DQDOL]H]H UROXO RSWLPXPXOXL PRWLYD LRQDO vQ RE LQHUHD
SHUIRUPDQ HL vQ activitate.
(QXQ
¨ 0RWLYD
LDHVWHDFHDFRPSRQHQWSVLKLFSULQFDUHVHUHIOHFWúLVHVHPQDOL]HD]
VWULOH GH QHFHVLWDWH DOH VXELHFWXOXL úL FDUH VHOHFWHD] úL DFWLYHD]
FRPSRUWDPHQWH adecvate de satisfacere (“cauza interna” a comportamentului).

45
(DHVWHGHFLRSkUJKLHLPSRUWDQWDDXWRUHJOULLFRPSRUWDPHQWXOXL
D(QXPHUD LFHOHWUHLIXQF LLSULQFLSDOHDOHPRWLYD
LHLSUHFL]kQGWRWRGDWPRGXOvQFDUH VHPDQLIHVWILHFDUHGLQWUHHOH
1……………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2……………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3……………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
E(QXQ D LQRWHOHGHILQLWRULLDOHPRWLYHORU
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
F&DUHVXQWFHOHWUHLVLWXD LLSRVLELOHJHQHUDWHGHLQWHUDF
LXQHDPRWLYHORUúLFRQVHFLQ HOH acestora în planul comportamentului?
1……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3……………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d. Care sunt cele doua situatii in care se poate vorbi de optimum motivational si efectele
lor asupra performantei in activitate?
1……………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2……………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(5VSXQVFRUHFW
DIXQF
LDGHVHOHFWDUHDFWLYDUHúLGHFODQúDUH±VHGHVIúRDUSHED]DDQDOL]HL
VHPQDOHORULQIRUPD LHLGHVSUHVWDUHDGHQHFHVLWDWHIXQF
LDGHRULHQWDUH±GLUHF LRQDUH ±VHGHVIúRDUSHED]DDQDOL]HLLQIRUPD
LLORUFXSULYLUHODRELHFWXOGHVDWLVIDFHUHDVWULL
GHQHFHVLWDWHúLFXSULYLUHODVFRSXODF LXQLLIXQF LDGHVXV LQHUH±SRWHQ
DUH±VH GHVIúRDUSHED]DDQDOL]HLLQIRUPD
LLORUSULYLQGFDUDFWHULVWLFLOHVLWXD LHLH[WHUQHvQFDUH
XUPHD]VILHVDWLVIFXWVWDUHDGHQHFHVLWDWH
EUHDFWXDOL]ULúLWUDQVSXQHULvQSODQVXELHFWLYDVWULORUGHQHFHVLWDWHSR
WILFRQúWLHQWH
VDXLQFRQúWLHQWHDVLJXUHIHFWXDUHDFRPSRUWDPHQWHORUFRUHVSXQ]WRDU
HGHVDWLVIDFHUH PRELOXOFDUHGHFODQúHD]VXV
LQHHQHUJHWLFúLRULHQWHD]DF LXQHDDXGRXVHJPHQWH
XQXOHQHUJL]DQWúLXQXOGLQDPRJHQ

46
FVLWXD LDGHRSWDUHGHUH
LQHUHDXQRUDúLGHUHVSLQJHUHDDOWRUDSRDWHJHQHUDVWUL
GHIUXVWUDUHVLWXD LDGHFRRSHUDUHvQWUHVFPRWLYD LDúLHILFLHQ
DDFWLYLW LLVLWXD LD GHFRQIOLFWGLPLQXHD]PRWLYD
LDúLSRDWHGXFHODLQVWDODUHDXQRUFRPSOH[HGXQWRDUH SHUVRQDOLW LL
GGLILFXOWDWHDVDUFLQLLHVWHSHUFHSXWFRUHFWPRGXODUHDLQWHQVLW
LLPRWLYD LHLGXS JUDGXO GH GLILFXOWDWH D VDUFLQLL úL VXFFHV vQ
DFWLYLWDWH GLILFXOWDWHD VDUFLQLL HVWH SHUFHSXW LQFRUHFW ±
VXEDSUHFLDW VDX VXSUDDSUHFLDW LQWHQVLWDWH QHDGHFYDW D
VXSRUWXOXLPRWLYD LRQDOHúHFVDXLQVDWLVIDF LH

Disciplina: Economie
&ODVDD;DúLD;,D
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ
LQXW3URGXFWRUXOvQWUHSULQ]WRUXO±FRVWXULSURGXFWLYLWDWHSURIL
W Obiectivul: Elevul va fi capabil:
VGHILQHDVFFHOHWUHLFRQFHSWH
- V HYLGHQ LH]H FRUHOD LL HFRQRPLFH VHPQLILFDWLYH vQWUH FRVW
SURGXFWLYLWDWH profit
- VHVWLPH]HHYROX LDFRVWXOXLSURGXFWLYLW
LLSURILWXOXLvQFRQWH[WHHFRQRPLFH date.
(QXQ
¨ )
LHXUPWRDUHOHIRUPXOH
a. CT = CM + CS
b. W = Q / Fi
c. Pr = CA – CT

1. 'HILQL LLQGLFDWRULLDOHFURUIRUPXOHVXQWPHQ LRQDWHODSXQFWHOHDEF

a……………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
.……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
ÌQFRQGL LLOHvQFDUHSLD DQXSHUPLWHFUHúWHUHDSUH
XOXLGHYkQ]DUHFDUHHVWHVROX LD RSWLPSHQWUXPDMRUDUHDSURILWXOXL"
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
&RQVWUXL
LXQH[HPSOXFRQFUHWXWLOL]kQGYDORULQXPHULFHSHQWUXDLOXVWUDVLWXD LDvQ
FDUHFUHúWHUHDSURGXFWLYLW
LLGXFHODFUHúWHUHDVDODULLORUúLSURILWXOXLFKLDUvQFRQGL LLOH PHQ
LQHULLFRQVWDQWHVDXUHGXFHULLSUH XOXLGHYkQ]DUH
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

47
&HHYROX LHHVWHGHSUHVXSXVFYDDYHD
DSURILWXOvQVLWXD
LDFUHúWHULLSURGXFWLYLW LL"
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
ESURGXFWLYLWDWHDvQVLWXD
LDUHGXFHULLFKHOWXLHOLORUFXPXQFDYLHSHXQLWDWHDGHSURGXV"
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
FFRVWXOvQVLWXD LDUD LRQDOL]ULLFRQVXPXULORUPDWHULDOH"
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(5VSXQVFRUHFW:
'HILQL
LLOHFHUXWH
2. Reducerea costului. 3UHVXSXQHPFvQ71XQvQWUHSULQ]WRUUHDOL]HD]RSURGXF
LH]LOQLFGHEXF L SURGXV;3UH
XOSHEXFDWHVWHGHXPGHFLFLIUDGHDIDFHUL]LOQLFHVWHGH
XP'LQDFHDVWDXPUHSUH]LQWFRVWXOWRWDOLDUXPUHSUH]LQWSURILWXO&RVWXO
VHFRPSXQHGLQXPFDSLWDOFRQVXPDWGLQFDUHXPFDSLWDOFLUFXODQWúLXP
DPRUWL]DUHDFDSLWDOXOXLIL[úLXPVDODULLÌQDFHVWHFRQGL
LLSURGXFWLYLWDWHDJOREDO PHGLHHVWHGH &7 0 XPUDWDUHQWDELOLW
LLHVWH[
3HEXFDWVWUXFWXUDFRVWXOXLVHSUH]LQWDVWIHOXP&FEXF XP u.m. Acf / 10
buc = 2 u.m.; 40 u.m. s / 10 buc. = 4 u.m.; profitul: 20 u.m. / 10 buc. = 2
XP3UHVXSXQHPFvQ72DXORFXUPWRDUHOHPRGLILFULSURGXF LDFUHúWHFXGHFL
4 EXFFKHOWXLHOLOHFXFDSLWDOXOFLUFXODQWFUHVFSURSRU LRQDOFXSURGXF
LDVDODULLOH FUHVFFXGHFLV XPÌQDFHDVWVLWXD
LHVWUXFWXUDFRVWXOXLXQLWDUYDIL u.m. Cc / 15 buc. = 2 u.m.; 20 u.m. Acf / 15
buc. = 1,33 u.m.; 50 u.m. s / 15 buc. = 3,33 u.m.. Deci costul unitar (CTM) va fi 100
CT / 15 Q = 6,66 u.m.; productivitatea medie JOREDOHVWH
LDUUDWDUHQWDELOLW LLHVWHSURILW&7[ Deci, salariile au crescut de la 40 u.m.
la 50 u.m., masa profitului de la 20 u.m. la 50,1 XPLDUSUH
XOGHYkQ]DUHSRDWHVUPkQFRQVWDQWVDXFKLDUVVHUHGXF
DFUHúWHEFUHúWHFVFDGH

Disciplina: Filosofie
Clasa a XII-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ
LQXW2PXO±FDSUREOHPILORVRILF Obiectivul:
Elevul va fi capabil:
- VLGHQWLILFHúLVIRUPXOH]HSUREOHPDILORVRILFDERUGDWvQWUXQWH[W
- VLGHQWLILFHFRQFHSWXO±FKHLHGLQWUXQWH[WúLVHQXQ
HQRWHOHOXLGHILQLWRULL -
VUHIRUPXOH]HDGHFYDWSXQFWXOGHYHGHUHVXV LQXWvQWUXQWH[W
(QXQ
¨ 6HGXUPWRUXOWH[W
³'DUFHVXQWSULQXUPDUH"8QOXFUXFHFXJHW&HHVWHDFHVWD"8QXOFDUHVHvQGR
LHúWH vQ
HOHJHDILUPQHDJYURLHúWHQXYURLHúWHvQWRWGHDXQDLPDJLQHD]úLVLPWH«3
ULQ XUPDUHGLQVLPSOXOIDSWFúWLXGHH[LVWHQ
DPHDúLREVHUYWRWGHDXQDFDEVROXWQLPLF DOWFHYDQXDSDU
LQHILULLVDXHVHQ HLPHOHvQDIDUGHIDSWXOFVXQWILLQ FXJHWWRDUH
vQFKHLSHGUHSWFHVHQ DPHDFRQVWvQDFHHDGRDUFVXQWILLQ FXJHWWRDUH´ ( R.
Descartes, Meditationes de prima philosophia).

48
1. ,GHQWLILFD LúLIRUPXOD LSUREOHPDILORVRILFSHFDUHRDERUGHD]WH[WXO
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. ,GHQWLILFD LFRQFHSWXOFKHLHGLQWH[WúLHQXQ D LQRWHOHOXLGHILQLWRULL
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. )RUPXOD
LvQFXYLQWHSURSULLSXQFWXOGHYHGHUHH[SULPDWGHDXWRUXOWH[WXOXL
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(5VSXQVXOFRUHFW:
1. Ce este omul?
5HV FRJLWDQVOXFUX FH FXJHWILLQ FXJHWWRDUHH[SULP HVHQ D
XPDQDWULEXWXO FXJHWULL DUH R H[LVWHQ LQGHSHQGHQW GH FRUS HVWH
FRJQRVFLELO ± ³RELHFWXO³ GH FXQRVFXWHVWHFKLDUVXELHFWXOFXQRVFWRU
)RUPXODUHDDGHFYDW
49
 CAPITOLUL 4 , 7 ( 0 , 6 8 % ,
( & 7 , 9 , & 8 56 3 8 1 6 ' ( 6 & + , 6

4.1. REZOLVAREA DE PROBLEME

4.2. ITEMI DE TIP ESEU

,
WHPLLVXELHFWLYLVDXFXUVSXQVGHVFKLVDXGUHSWSULQFLSDOFDUDFWHULVWLF
IDSWXOF WHVWHD] RULJLQDOLWDWHD HOHYXOXL FUHDWLYLWDWHD úL
FDSDFLWDWHD VD GH SHUVRQDOL]DUH D FXQRúWLQ
HORU(LVXQWvQPRGVSHFLDOUHFRPDQGD
LSHQWUXUHDOL]DUHDHYDOXULLODúWLLQ HOH VRFLRXPDQH GDWH ILLQG
SDUWLFXODULW LOH DFHVWRUD SUHFXP úL QDWXUD FRPSHWHQ HORU
JHQHUDOHúLVSHFLILFHSHFDUHvúLSURSXQVOHIRUPH]HODHOHYL

&XWRDWHFDFHúWLLWHPLSDUUHODWLYXúRUGHFRQVWUXLWH[LJHQ
HOHIRUPXOULLFRUHFWHD FHULQ
HLúLDEDUHPXOXLGHFRUHFWDUHúLQRWDUHVXQWIRDUWHVWULFWHHOHWUHEXLH
VSUHYLQ
DFHDVXELHFWLYLWDWHDSURIHVRUXOXLFDUHFRQGXFHODHYDOXDUHDQHSURIH
VLRQDODUELWUDUúL ODSXQHUHDHOHYXOXLvQVLWXD LDGHDILQHGUHSW LW

4.1. Rezolvarea de probleme

5H]ROYDUHD GH SUREOHPH VDX GH VLWXD LL SUREOHPDWLFH ± LQGLYLGXDO

VDX vQ JUXS ±
FRQVWLWXLHRPRGDOLWDWHSULQFDUHSURIHVRUXOSRDWHFUHDVLWXD LLGHvQY
DUHFHGH]YROW FUHDWLYLWDWHDJkQGLUHDGLYHUJHQWLPDJLQD
LDFDSDFLWDWHDGHWUDQVIHUGHJHQHUDOL]DUH
VDXúLGHFRQFUHWL]DUHDLQIRUPD LLORUúLSURFHGXULORU

&DSDFLWDWHDGHDUH]ROYDSUREOHPHQXHVWHvQQVFXWHDVHGH]YROWSURJUH
VLYSULQ vQY DUHH[HUVDUH ILLQG VLWXDW OD QLYHOXO VXSHULRU DO
FDSDFLW LORU FRJQLWLYH úL presupunând chiar anumite caracteristici generale
de personalitate pe care elevul le
GREkQGHúWHVDXDUWUHEXLVOHGREkQGHDVFvQSURFHVXOHGXFULLIRUPULLVDOH
'HDFHHDXWLOL]DUHDUH]ROYULLGHSUREOHPHFDPHWRGGHHYDOXDUHWUHEXLHV
LQFRQW GHH[SHULHQ
DGHOXFUXDHOHYLORUFXDFHDVWPHWRGFRPSOH[LWDWHDSUREOHPHORUWUHE
XLH V FUHDVF SURJUHVLY SH PVXU FH HOHYLL DFXPXOHD] úL LQWHUQDOL]HD]
H[SHULHQ D VSHFLILF

Comportamentele evaluate prin rezolvarea de probleme sunt (Stoica, A. (coord.), 1996):

- vQ HOHJHUHDSUREOHPHL
- FXWDUHDúLLGHQWLILFDUHDLQIRUPD
LLORUQHFHVDUHUH]ROYULLSUREOHPHL -
IRUPXODUHDúLWHVWDUHDLSRWH]HORU
-

VHOHFWDUHDúLGHVFULHUHDPHWRGHLPHWRGHORUGH
UH]ROYDUH - aplicarea metodei/metodelor în
contextul concret
-

HODERUDUHDXQXLVFXUWUDSRUWDVXSUDUH]XOWDW
HORURE LQXWH - interpretarea rezultatelor
-

JHQHUDOL]DUHDúLVDXWUDQVIHUXOSURFHGXULORUúLWHKQLFLORUGHUH]ROY
DUH

50
Pentru proiectarea FRUHFW D LWHPLORU WLS UH]ROYDUH GH SUREOHPH
HVWH QHFHVDU UHVSHFWDUHDXQRUFHULQ HJHQHUDOHúLVSHFLILFH
a. FHULQ HJHQHUDOH
- SUREOHPDVDXVLWXD
LDSUREOHPWUHEXLHVILHDGHFYDWQLYHOXOXLGHYkUVWúL
GHSUHJWLUHDHOHYLORU
- FRUHODUHDFRQ LQXWXOXLSUREOHPHLúLPRGDOLW
LORUGHUH]ROYDUHFXRUJDQL]DUHD DFWLYLW
LLGLGDFWLFH±UH]ROYDUHLQGLYLGXDOVDXvQJUXS
- SUREOHPDúLDFWLYLWDWHD GH UH]ROYDUH VILH vQ FRQFRUGDQ FX
FRQ LQXWXULOH GLVFLSOLQHLúLFXRELHFWLYHOHFXUULFXODUH
- HYDOXDUHDDFWLYLW
LLúLDUH]XOWDWHORUVILHUHOHYDQWSHQWUXHOHYúLVSURGXF LQIRUPD
LLXWLOHSHQWUXHYDOXDWRUDFHDVWDSUHVXSXQHDVRFLHUHDLWHPXO
XLFXR VFKHPFODUGHQRWDUHFDUHVFRQ
LQFULWHULLH[SOLFLWHGHGXVHGLQRELHFWLYH
- XWLOL]DUHDvQFDGUXODFWLYLW
LLDXQRUPDWHULDOHVXSRUWFDUHVVSULMLQHSURFHVXO GHVROX
LRQDUHDSUREOHPHL
b. FHULQ HVSHFLILFH
- RE LQHUHDUH]XOWDWHORUSULQSURFHGXULYDOLGHúLYHULILFDELOH
- posibilitatea de a se utiliza metode alternative de rezolvare
- SUH]HQWDUHDvQUDSRUWXOILQDODLSRWH]HLGHOXFUXUD
LRQDPHQWHORUPRGXOXLGH
RSHUDUHúLDLQVWUXPHQWHORUFDUHDXIRVWXWLOL]DWH

AvantajeleXWLOL]ULLDFHVWXLWLSGHLWHPLSRWILVLQWH
WL]DWHDVWIHO -

vQFXUDMHD]JkQGLUHDSURGXFWLYFUHDWLYHXULVWL
F
- DQWUHQHD]DELOLW
LOHGHFRPXQLFDUHFRRSHUDUHOXFUXvQHFKLS -
DQWUHQHD]LQGHSHQGHQ
DGHJkQGLUHVSLULWXOFULWLFUHIOH[LY
- vQFXUDMHD] GH]YROWDUHD FDSDFLW LL GH DXWRHYDOXDUH
DXWRUHIOH[LYLWDWHD
FDSDFLWDWHDGHDRSWDúLGHDJkQGLvQWHUPHQLGHRSWLP
- RIHUSRVLELOLWDWHDDQDOL]HLHURULLúLDUROXOXLHLvQFXQRDúWHUH
- SHUPLWHYDOXDUHDFDSDFLW LLGHUD LRQDUHIOH[LELOúLRSHUDQW

Dezavantaje:
-

H[LVWRDQXPLWVXELHFWLYLWDWHvQHYDOXDUHvQVSHFLDOvQFD]XOSUR
EOHPHORU
FDUHVROLFLWUH]ROYDUHDvQWHUPHQLGHRSWLPVDXGH]LUDELO
- QHFHVLWXQHRULWLPSvQGHOXQJDWSHQWUXSURLHFWDUHúLQRWDUH
-
 QHFHVLWXQHRULWLPSvQGHOXQJDWSHQWUXDGPLQLVWUDUHúLUH]ROYDUH
-

GDFDFWLYLWDWHDDIRVWRUJDQL]DWvQIRUPDOXFUXOXLvQHFKLSVKHP
DGHQRWDUH
WUHEXLHLQGLYLGXDOL]DWDGHFYDWUROXOXLúLVDUFLQLORUFRQFUHW
HSHFDUHILHFDUH membru al echipei le-a avut.

&RUHFWDUHDúLDSUHFLHUHDUH]XOWDWHORUWUHEXLHVYL]H]HDWkWSURFHVXOG
HUH]ROYDUHFkWúL UH]XOWDWXOSURSULX]LV3URIHVRUXOYD LQHVHDPDGH
- PRGXO vQ FDUH D IRVW DERUGDW SUREOHPD VWUDWHJLD XWLOL]DW
vQ VSHFLDO vQ VLWXD LDOXFUXOXLvQHFKLS
-

XWLOL]DUHDFRUHFWDGHFYDWDPHWRGHLXWLOL]DUHDPDLPXOW
RUPHWRGH - PVXUDvQFDUHDIRVWRE
LQXWUH]XOWDWXOFRUHFWúLDIRVWYHULILFDW
- interpretarea rezultatului
- H[WLQGHUHDJHQHUDOL]DUHDSUREOHPHLSURFHGXULLGHUH]ROYDUHVROX
LHL

51
Exemple:

'LVFLSOLQD/RJLFúLDUJXPHQWDUH
Clasa a IX-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ LQXWTipuri de
argumentare Obiectivul: Elevul va fi capabil:
- VXWLOL]H]HFRUHFWILJXULOHúLPRGXULOHVLORJLVWLFH
- VGLVWLQJvQWUHVLORJLVPHYDOLGHúLVLORJLVPHQHYDOLGH
- VRSWH]HSHQWUXRDQXPLWPHWRGGHSUREDUHDYDOLGLW
LLVLORJLVPXOXL -
VDSOLFHPHWRGDúLVGHFLGDDVXSUDUH]XOWDWXOXLDSOLFULLHL
-

VVHVL]H]HHURULvQFRQVWUXLUHDVLORJLVPHORU
(QXQ
¨ &RQVWUXL
LPRGXULOHFRUHVSXQ]WRDUHVLORJLVPHORUFDUHVXQWYDOLGHVXEILHFDUHGL
Q XUPWRDUHOHFRQGL LL

a. 3UHPLVDPDMRUHVWHDILUPDWLY
b.
3UHPLVDPDMRUHVWHSDUWLFXODUQHJ
DWLY c.
3UHPLVDPLQRUHVWHSDUWLFXODUQHJ
DWLY
d. &RQ LQHQXPDLGRLWHUPHQLGLVWULEXL LILHFDUHGHGRXRUL

$FWLYLWDWHDVHGHVIúRDUvQPRGLQGLYLGXDO

Schema de evaluare:
- H[SOLFDUHDLPSRVLELOLW LLDQXPLWRUFRPELQD LLvQFRQGL
LLOHILHFUHLFHULQ H
-
LGHQWLILFDUHDúLFRQVWUXLUHDFRUHFWDILJXULLúLPRGXOXLVLORJLVWL
FFRUHVSXQ]WRU ILHFUHLFHULQ H
-

DSOLFDUHDFRUHFWDPHWRGHLGHSUREDUHDYDOLGLW
LLDOHVH - GHPRQVWUDUHDYDOLGLW LLQHYDOLGLW LL
- formularea argumentelor pentru care un anumit mod este nevalid.

Disciplina: Psihologie
Clasa a X-a
8QLWDWHD GH FRQ LQXW 3URFHVHOH SVLKLFH úL UROXO ORU vQ HYROX LD
SHUVRQDOLW LL ± 0RWLYD LD
Obiectivul: Elevul va fi capabil:
 - VLQWHUSUHWH]HGDWHIDFWXDOHGLQSHUVSHFWLYDFXQRúWLQ
HORUWHRUHWLFHGREkQGLWH -
VGLVWLQJvQWUHGLIHULWHOHIRUPHDOHPRWLYD
LHLúLPDQLIHVWULOHORU
- VIRUPXOH]HGRXVROX LLSRVLELOHODSUREOHPDDEVHQ
HLLQWHUHVXOXLPRWLYD LHL SHQWUXvQY DUH
(QXQ
¨ $FWLYLWDWHDVHGHVIúRDUDvQWUHLHWDSH
- vQ SULPD HWDS HOHYLL UVSXQG LQGLYLGXDO vQ VFULV OD
XUPWRDUHOH GRX vQWUHEUL

52
 -
&kQGvQY ODSVLKRORJLHGHFHvQY "
&kQGQXvQY ODSVLKRORJLHGHFHQXvQY
"
- vQDGRXDHWDSSURIHVRUXOIRUPHD]JUXSHGHFkWHHOHYLILHFDUHJUXS
DYkQGXUPWRDUHOHVDUFLQL

a. JUXSD
LUVSXQVXULOHODFHOHGRXvQWUHEULFRQIRUPIRUPHLGHPRWLYD
LHvQ FDUHVHvQFDGUHD]ILHFDUH
b. LGHQWLILFD LIRUPDGHPRWLYD LHGRPLQDQW
c. IRUPXOD L GRX VROX LL SRVLELOH SHQWUX DVLJXUDUHD
VXSRUWXOXL PRWLYD LRQDO DGHFYDWúLFUHúWHUHDSHUIRUPDQ
HLvQvQY DUH
-

vQFHDGHDWUHLDHWDSILHFDUHJUXSvúLYDGHVHPQDXQUDSRUWRUFDUH
YD SUH]HQWD PRGXO vQ FDUH VD UHDOL]DW DFWLYLWDWHD GH
UH]ROYDUH D VDUFLQLL úL VROX LLOHSURSXVH

$FWLYLWDWHD VH LQFKHLH FX R GLVFX LH IURQWDO DVXSUD VROX

LLORU SURSXVH úL SRVLELOLW LORUGHDSOLFDUHDORU

Schema de evaluareYD LQHFRQWGH

- FRUHFWLWXGLQHDJUXSULLUVSXQVXULORUFRQIRUPIRUPHLGHPRWLYD
LHvQFDUHVH vQFDGUHD]ILHFDUH
-

FRUHFWLWXGLQHDLGHQWLILFULLGRPLQDQWHLP
RWLYD LRQDOH -
FDUDFWHUXODGHFYDWúLIH]DELODOVROX
LLORUSURSXVH
3URIHVRUXOYDDSUHFLDFDOLWDWHDFRPXQLFULLúLFRQOXFUULLvQFDGUXOJUXSX
OXLSUHFXPúL capacitatea raportorului de a reflecta adecvat evenimentele
petrecute în timpul UH]ROYULLVDUFLQLLvQJUXS

Disciplina: Economie
&ODVDD;DúLD;,D
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ
LQXW3URGXFWRUXOvQWUHSULQ]DWRUXO±FRVWXULSURGXFWLYLWDWHSURI
LW Obiectivul: Elevul va fi capabil:
- VXWLOL]H]HFRUHFWFRQFHSWHLQGLFDWRULúLIRUPXOHGHFDOFXO
- VHVL]H]H FRUHOD LLOH GLQWUH LQWHUSUHWDUHD PDWHPDWLF úL
LQWHUSUHWDUHD HFRQRPLFDXQXLIHQRPHQ
- VLGHQWLILFHFDX]HDOHXQXLIHQRPHQHFRQRPLF
- VIRUPXOH]HSUHGLF LLSULYLQGHYROX
LDXQXLIHQRPHQvQFRQGL LLGDWH (QXQ
¨ ÌQDQXORILUPGHFRQIHF
 LLúLDUHDOL]DWDFWLYLWDWHDvQXUPWRDUHOHFRQGL LL - cifra de
afaceri = 120 mil. u.m.
- costurile materiale = 50 mil. u.m., din care 10% costuri fixe
- costurile salariale = 50 mil. u.m., din care 5% costuri fixe
- YROXPXOIL]LFDOSURGXF LHL WEXQRDUHFDUH;
- QXPUGHOXFUWRULDQJDMD LvQVHF LLOHGLUHFWSURGXFWLYH
ÌQDQXOQXPUXOOXFUWRULORUGLQVHF LLOHGHIDEULFD LHVHUHGXFHFXSURGXF LD
IL]LF FUHúWH FX DQWUHQkQG FUHúWHUHD FRUHVSXQ]WRDUH D
FKHOWXLHOLORU PDWHULDOH

53
GLUHFWHÌQWUXFkWUDWDLQIOD
LHLvQLQWHUYDOXOUHVSHFWLYDIRVWQHJOLMDELOILUPDQXPRGLILF QLFLSUH
XOXQLWDUQLFLVDODULXOLQGLYLGXDO

&HULQ H
a. &DOFXOD L
UDWDUHQWDELOLW LLUHDOL]DWvQúL
QLYHOXOSURGXFWLYLW LLPXQFLLvQúL
b. &RPSDUD LGLQDPLFDUDWHLUHQWDELOLW LLFXGLQDPLFDSURGXFWLYLW
LLPXQFLLúLIRUPXOD L FRQFOX]LLOHODFDUHFRQGXFHFRPSDUD LD
c. 'HWHUPLQD LHYROX
LDSRQGHULLFRVWXULORUPDWHULDOHFRVWXULORUVDODULDOHFRVWXULORU
IL[HúL costurilor variabile în totalul costului.
d. ,GHQWLILFD LHOHPHQWXOFXSRQGHUHDFHDPDLPDUHúLIRUPXOD LGRXVROX
LLSRVLELOH pentru reducerea lui.
e. &HHYROX LHHVWHGHSUHVXSXVFYRUDYHDFRVWXULOHPDWHULDOHvQVLWXD
LDFUHúWHULL GLILFXOW LORUGHDFFHVODUHVXUVH"

$FWLYLWDWHDVHSRDWHGHVIúXUDLQGLYLGXDOVDXvQJUXS

Schema de evaluare:
- FDOFXODUHDFRUHFWDUDWHLUHQWDELOLW LLvQILHFDUHGLQFHLGRLDQL
- FDOFXODUHDFRUHFWDQLYHOXOXLSURGXFWLYLW
LLvQILHFDUHGLQFHLGRLDQL
-

FRPSDUDUHDGLQDPLFLLFHORUGRLLQGLFDWRULFRQGXFHODFRQFOX]LDOHJ
WXULLGLUHFWH GLQWUHUHQWDELOLWDWHúLSURGXFWLYLWDWH
-

GHWHUPLQDUHDFRUHFWDSRQGHULLILHFUXLHOHPHQWDOFRVWXOXLúLDHYRO
X LHLOXL
- LGHQWLILFDUHDHOHPHQWXOXLFXFHDPDPDUHSRQGHUHVROX
LLOHSURSXVHWUHEXLH
VVHUHIHUHODVFKLPEULGHQDWXUDFDOLWDWLYvQRUJDQL]DUHDúLGHVIú
XUDUHD DFWLYLW LLQXYRUILDFFHSWDWHVROX
LLFDUHGHPRQVWUHD]FHOHYXOQXJkQGHúWH
HFRQRPLFFLDSOLFDOJRULWPLPDWHPDWLFLFKLDUGDFDFHVWHDVXQWF
RUHFWH
- UVSXQVXOFRUHFWWUHEXLHVHYLGHQ
LH]HOHJWXUDGLQWUHGLIHULWHOHFDWHJRULLGH
UHVXUVHúLHOHPHQWHOHLQFOXVHvQFRVWXULOHPDWHULDOH

4.2. ITEMI DE TIP ESEU

ÌQ FDGUXO GLVFLSOLQHORU VRFLRXPDQH HYDOXDUHD FDSDFLW LORU

FRJQLWLYH VXSHULRDUH FX
FRPSOH[LWDWHULGLFDWVHUHDOL]HD]vQPRGSUHSRQGHUHQWFXDMXWRUXOitemilor
de tip non-obiectiv; eseurile±FRPSXQHULOHGHPRQVWUD LLOH³FXWH]
´GHVFULHULOH±UHSUH]LQW XQ LQVWUXPHQW DGHFYDW úL IUHFYHQW XWLOL]DW
GHRDUHFH UVSXQGH vQWUR PDUH PVXU SDUWLFXODULW
LORUGLVFLSOLQHORUVRFLRXPDQHúLFRPSHWHQ
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54
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WHULL 1.
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a. HVHXFXUVSXQVUHVWUkQVPLQLHVHXO±vQFDUHSULQWUHFHULQ
HOHHQXQ XOXL HVWH SUHFL]DW úL GLPHQVLXQHD PD[LP DGPLV D
UVSXQVXOXL DúWHSWDW QXPU
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b. HVHXFXUVSXQVH[WLQV± OD FDUH VLQJXUD OLPLW FHRSHUHD] HVWH
DFHHD D timpului de lucru maxim admis.
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a. eseu structurat sau semistructurat – vQFDUHSULQFHULQ
HH[SOLFLWHLQGLFLLVDX
VXJHVWLLUVSXQVXOHOHYXOXLHVWHRUJDQL]DWVWUXFWXUDWRULHQWDW
RUGRQDW
b. eseu liber – vQ FDUH RULJLQDOLWDWHD úL FUHDWLYLWDWHD HOHYXOXL VH
SRW PDQLIHVWD maximal.

ProiectareaLWHPLORUGHWLSHVHXSUHVXSXQHDSOLFDUHDXQHLVWUDWHJLLDFUHLUH
VSHFWDUH PDMRUHD]HILFLHQ DHYDOXULLúLFDUDFWHUXOHLIRUPDWLYDVWIHO
- se recurge la evaluarea prin acest tip de item numai atunci când obiectivul de
evaluare avut în vedere nu este compatibil cu nici un alt tip de item;
-
RELHFWLYXOGHHYDOXDUHSURSXVWUHEXLHVIDFSDUWHGLQFDWHJRUL
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- HQXQ XO LWHPXOXL WUHEXLH vQVR LW GH FRQILJXUDUHD
UVSXQVXOXL DúWHSWDW ± elementele sau conceptele-cheie,
 caracteristici particulare dorite ale UVSXQVXOXL DOWHUQDWLYH
SRVLELOHDGPLVH DFHDVW FRQILJXUDUH DQXQ “rezolvarea”, respectiv
schema de notare cu care se va opera);
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HILHFUHL FHULQ
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GH UVSXQV

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adecva HYDOXULLODGLVFLSOLQHOHVRFLRXPDQHvQWUXFkWSHUPLWH

55
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LQHUHDGHFWUHSURIHVRUDXQHLLPDJLQLJOREDOHVLQWHWLFHDFDSD
FLW LORUGH WUDQVIHUúLFRQVWUXF LHSHUVRQDODHOHYXOXL
- HYDOXDUHD FUHDWLYLW LL RULJLQDOLW LL JkQGLULL FULWLFH
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HUVRQDOvQFDUH HOHYXOVHUDSRUWHD]ODVDUFLQFRQ LQXW

ÌQDFHODúLWLPSvQVQXWUHEXLHRPLVHdezavantajeleúLULVFXULOHSHFDUHOHSUH]L
QW evaluarea prin eseu:
- GLILFXOWDWHD FRQVWUXLULL XQHL VFKHPH GH QRWDUH FDUH
V DVLJXUH ILGHOLWDWHDRELHFWLYLWDWHD HYDOXULL ± vQ DEVHQ
D FUHLD HYDOXDUHD UPkQH
LUHOHYDQW±GDUFDUHVQXFRQVWUkQJHOHYXOVQXvOSXQvQVLWXD
LDGHD RE LQH SXQFWDMXO PD[LP QXPDL DWXQFL FkQG UVSXQVXO OXL
VH SOLD] SH FHO
SUHIDEULFDWGHHYDOXDWRUFHHDFHDQXOHD]vQVúLLGHHDGHHVHX
-

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WLPSPXOW DWHQ LH H[SHULHQ RELHFWLYLWDWH úL SURIHVLRQDOLVP
vQ DFWLYLWDWHD GLGDFWLF FXUHQWFRPXQLFDUHDQRWHLRE
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DVXSUD HVHXOXL vQ DúD IHO vQFkW HOHYXO V vúL FRUHFWH]H
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LQUHDOL]DWHDOHHVHXOXL
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Exemple:

Disciplina: Psihologie
Clasa a X-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ
LQXW&RPSRUWDPHQWHSURúLDQWLVRFLDOH
Obiectivul: Elevul va fi capabil:
- VGHVFULHvQWHUPHQLSVLKRORJLFLXQFRPSRUWDPHQWVRFLDO
- V HYDOXH]H XQ FRPSRUWDPHQW VRFLDO SULQ UDSRUWDUH OD
PRGHOH VRFLDOH dezirabile
- VLQYHVWLJKH]HFDX]HSVLKLFHSRVLELOHDOHXQXLFRPSRUWDPHQWVRFLDO
- V UHOD LRQH]H DERUGDUHD SVLKRORJLF FX DOWH WLSXUL GH
DERUGDUH D comportamentului social.

2EVHUYD
LHHOHYLLYRUSULPLFDVDUFLQGHOXFUXHODERUDUHDHVHXOXLGXSFHDQWHULRU
DX YL]LRQDWvPSUHXQXQHSLVRGGLQVHULDOXOµ$OúDSWHOHDFHU´

(QXQ
¨ $OHJH LXQXOGLQWUHSHUVRQDMHOHILOPXOXL³$OúDSWHOHDFHU´(ODERUD
LXQPLQLHVHXvQ FDUH V UHOHYD L UROXO FRPXQLFULL LQWHUXPDQH vQ
UHJODUHD FRPSRUWDPHQWXOXL VRFLDO DO personajului.

Schema de notareYDXUPUL
- XWLOL]DUHDFRUHFWDOLPEDMXOXLVSHFLILF
- caracterizarea profilului de personalitate al personajului
- HYLGHQ LHUHDúLLQWHUSUHWDUHDSVLKRORJLFDVLWXD
LLORUFRQVLGHUDWHUHOHYDQWH

56
 - VXUSULQGHUHDLQIOXHQ
HLSHFDUHFRPXQLFDUHDvQWUHSHUVRQDMHRH[HUFLWDVXSUD
PRGHOULLDGHFYULLODVLWXD LHDFRPSRUWDPHQWHORU

Disciplina: Economie
&ODVDD;DúLD;,D
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ
LQXWGlobalizarea Obiectivul:
Elevul va fi capabil:
VGHVFULHvQWHUPHQLHFRQRPLFLSURFHVXOGHJOREDOL]DUH
- V HYDOXH]H FRQVHFLQ HOH SURFHVXOXL GH JOREDOL]DUH
DVXSUD IRUPULL SURIHVLRQDOHDWLQHUHLJHQHUD
LLúLDVXSUDSURJUHVXOXLvQFDULHU
- VLQYHVWLJKH]HFDX]HSRVLELOHúLIRUPHGHPDQLIHVWDUHDOHGLILFXOW
LORUGH adaptare la un mediu economic global
- V DSOLFH FXQRúWLQ HOH HFRQRPLFH JHQHUDOH OD
FDUDFWHUL]DUHD VLWXD LHL HFRQRPLHLURPkQHúWL
-

VIRUPXOH]HXQSXQFWGHYHGHUHSHUVRQDOvQOHJWXUFXSUREOHPDSX
VvQ GLVFX LH

2EVHUYD
LHHOHYLLYRUSULPLFDVDUFLQHODERUDUHDHVHXOXLGXSFHDQWHULRUDXUHDOL]
DW GRXGRVDUHGHSUHVDYkQGFDWHPH³)XJDFUHLHUHORU
´úL³,QWHUQHWXOúLJOREDOL]DUHD´

(QXQ
¨ (ODERUD
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Plan de idei pentru elaborarea eseului:
- caracterizarea procesului de globalizare
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- GLILFXOW L GH DGDSWDUH OD PHGLXO HFRQRPLF JOREDO FDX]H úL
IRUPH GH manifestare
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GHJOREDOL]DUH -
IRUPXODUHDXQXLSXQFWGHYHGHUHSHUVRQDOOHJDWGHSUREOHPDSXVvQG
LVFX LH
3HQWUXHODERUDUHDHVHXOXLDYH LODGLVSR]L LHRVSWPkQvQFDUHSXWH
LFRQVXOWDRULFH VXUVHGHLQIRUPDUHSHFDUHOHFRQVLGHUD
LSRWULYLWHVXUVHOHúLLQIRUPD LLOHSRWILLQYRFDWH în eseu.

Schema de notareYDXUPULRELHFWLYHOHGHHYDOXDUHúLLQGLFD
LLOHGLQSODQXOGHLGHL

Disciplina: Filosofie
Clasa a XII-a
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ
LQXWMorala Obiectivul: Elevul
va fi capabil:
- VLGHQWLILFHSUREOHPDILORVRILFSXVvQGLVFX LH
-

VFRUHOH]HVHPQLILFDWLYSXQFWHGHYHGHUHH[SULPDWHvQLVWRULD
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57
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“'HIDSWDYHPGRXIHOXULGHPRUDOLWDWHXQDSHFDUHRSUHGLFPGDUQXRSUDFWLFP
úLFHDODOWSHFDUHRSUDFWLFPGDUUDUHRULRSUHGLFP´ (Bertrand Russell).

Schema de notareYDXUPULRELHFWLYHOHGHHYDOXDUHSURSXVH
58
 CAPITOLUL 5
METODE COMPLEMENTARE DE EVALUARE

2 % 6 ( 5 9 $5 ( $ 6 , 6 7 ( 0 $ 7 , & $$ & 7 , 9 , 7 , , ù , & 2 0 3 2 5 7 $0 ( 1 7 8 / 8 , ELEVULUI

5.2. PROIECTUL
5.3. PORTOFOLIUL
5.4. AUTOEVALUAREA

Metodele complementare de evaluare constituie o categorie de metode de evaluare

FXUROIRUPDWLYSURQXQ
DWúLFXRPDUHFDSDFLWDWHGHPRWLYDUHDDQJDMULLHOHYLORUvQ DFWLYLW
LOHGHvQY
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permite:
-

HYDOXDUHDSURGXVXOXLúLDSURFHVXOXLFDUHDFRQGXVODRE
LQHUHDOXL -
HYDOXDUHDKROLVWLFDSURJUHVXOXLHOHYXOXL
- FRQVROLGDUHDGHSULQGHULORUúLDELOLW
LORUGHFRPXQLFDUHVRFLDOúLFRRSHUDUH -
FRQVROLGDUHDDELOLW LORUGHDXWRHYDOXDUH
-

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Aptitudini / Atitudini &RPSRUWDPHQWHSULQFDUHVHH[SULP

9RUELUHD WFHUHD DVFXOWDUHD FRPXQLFDUHD
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QRQ YHUEDO
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Atitudini sociale
LLGRULQ DGHDFRRSHUDGHDRIHUL DMXWRUXO
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LLORU LQWHUXPDQH úL UHVSHFWDUHD
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5HFHSWLYLWDWHDID
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Aptitudini de adaptare / 5HDF LD OD DXWRULWDWH SUHOXDUHD GH
modulare a UHVSRQVDELOLW L LQWHJUDUHD vQ JUXSXO GH OXFUX
comportamentului JHVWLRQDUHD VWULORU GH conflict, adaptarea la

59
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HD]SULQQRWDUHD HOHYXOXL(DHVWHvQVQHFHVDU3UH]HQ
DFRPSRQHQWHL9DORULúLDWLWXGLQL în structura
QRLORUFXUULFXOHSHQWUXGLVFLSOLQHOHFODVHORU;;,,HVWHXQDUJXPHQW)LQDOL
WDWHDHGXFD LHL GDWHOHHVHQ
LDOHDOHSURILOXOXLGHIRUPDUHSHFDUHvúLSURSXQHVvOFRQILJXUH]HúFRDODú
L scopurile fundamentale ale disciplinelor socio-umane sunt alte argumente
care SOHGHD] SHQWUX LQWHJUDUHD LQVWUXPHQWHORU DOWHUQDWLYH GH
HYDOXDUH vQ DFWLYLWDWHD GLGDFWLF

5.1. 2 % 6 ( 5 9 $5 ( $ 6 , 6 7 ( 0 $ 7 , & $$ & 7 , 9 , 7 , , ù , & 2 0 3 2 5 7 $ 0 ( 1 7 8 / 8 ,

ELEVULUI

În ILúD GH REVHUYDUH D DFWLYLW LL HOHYXOXL1 SURIHVRUXO

vQUHJLVWUHD] LQIRUPD LL VHPQLILFDWLYH OHJDWH GH SURJUHVXO úFRODU
DO HOHYXOXL úL SDUWLFXODULW LOH VDOH GH SHUVRQDOLWDWH 3H ED]D
DFHVWRUD SURIHVRUXO UHDOL]HD] LQGLYLGXDOL]DUHD FHULQ HORU úL
DFWLYLW LORUGHvQY
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,QIRUPD
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DFWHU mai larg.

Model orientativ GXS*URQOXQGS:

1. Date generale despre elev: QXPHOH úL SUHQXPHOH YkUVWD FOLPDWXO

HGXFDWLY vQ PHGLXOFUXLDvLDSDU LQH
2. 3DUWLFXODULW LDOHSURFHVHORULQWHOHFWXDOHJkQGLUHOLPEDMLPDJLQD
LHPHPRULH DWHQ LHúLVSLULWGHREVHUYD LHDOWHFDUDFWHULVWLFL
$SWLWXGLQLúLLQWHUHVH
7UVWXULGHDIHFWLYLWDWH
7UVWXULGHWHPSHUDPHQW
6. Atitudini:
a. ID GHVLQH
b. ID GHGLVFLSOLQDREOLJD
LLOHúFRODUH c. ID GHFROHJL
(YROX
LDDSWLWXGLQLORUDWLWXGLQLORULQWHUHVHORUúLQLYHOXOXLGHLQWHJUDUH
6XJHUPROLVWGHDELOLW
LLQWHOHFWXDOHúLVRFLDOHSHFDUHSURIHVRUXOGHúWLLQ HVRFLR
XPDQHvúLSRDWHSURSXQHVOHIRUPH]HODHOHYLDFURUFRQVROLGDUHRSRDWHX
UPULúL vQUHJLVWUDvQ)LúDGHREVHUYDUHDHOHYXOXL
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-

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1
)LœD GH observare a DFWLYLW LL elevului este instrumentul de evaluare proiectat pentru a pune în SUDFWLF
metoda de observare VLVWHPDWLF D DFWLYLW LL œL comportamentului elevului.

60
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Posibilitatea de utilizare
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rezultatelor HD OL]DWHúL
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61
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5.2. PROIECTUL

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VK p. 108):
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2. FXOHJHUHD RUJDQL]DUHD SUHOXFUDUHD úL HYDOXDUHD LQIRUPD
LLORU OHJDWH GH SUREOHPDWHPDDOHDV
3. HODERUDUHDXQXLVHWGHVROX LLSRVLELOHDOHSUREOHPHL
4. HYDOXDUHDVROX LLORUúLHIHFWXDUHDXQHLRS
LXQLSULYLQG³FHDPDLEXQVROX LH´ ÌQIXQF
LHGHWHPDDOHDVVDXSUREOHPDDERUGDWSRDWHH[LVWDúLXQDOOHDSDVFHOvQ
FDUHHOHYLLWUHFHIHFWLYODDSOLFDUHDVROX
LHLSHQWUXFDUHDXRSWDWFHHDFHSUHVXSXQH
HODERUDUHDXQXLSODQGHLPSOHPHQWDUHFXHWDSHUHVXUVHUHVSRQVDELOLW
LPRGDOLW LGH HYDOXDUHDUH]XOWDWHORURE LQXWH

ÌQFHOHPDLPXOWHGLQWUHVLWXD
LLXQSURLHFWHVWHUHDOL]DWGHFWUHXQJUXSGHHOHYLFHHD
FHQXH[FOXGHúLUHDOL]DUHDSURLHFWHORULQGLYLGXDOH

(YDOXDUHDSURFHVXOXLúLSURGXVXOXLDFWLYLW
LLSUHVXSXQHGLQSDUWHDSURIHVRUXOXLPXOW DWHQ LH úL DSOLFD LH
3URIHVRUXO WUHEXLH V DVLVWH HOHYXOJUXSXO GH HOHYL SH WRDW
GHVIúXUDUHDSURLHFWXOXL±GHODDOHJHUHDWHPHL VDX
LGHQWLILFDUHDSUREOHPHLSkQ OD SUH]HQWDUHDUH]XOWDWHORUILQDOHVXV
LQHUHDORUvQID DFODVHL

2
Proiectul, ca instrument de evaluare, FRQFUHWL]HD] demersul metodologic. De asemenea, proiectul HVWH œL
metoda de evaluare care presupune, ca dimensiune LPSRUWDQW realizarea vQY ULL

62
6XJHUP SURIHVRULORU DOFWXLUHD XQHL )LúH GH HYDOXDUH VLPLODU FHOHL
SUH]HQWDWH DQWHULRUvQFDUHVFRQVHPQH]HvQPRGUHJXODWREVHUYD
LLúLDSUHFLHULDVXSUDDFWLYLW LL ILHFUXLHOHYFKLDUvQVLWXD
LDvQFDUHHOHYLLOXFUHD]vQJUXS
(VWHXWLORUJDQL]DUHDGXSSDUFXUJHUHDILHFUHLHWDSHvQUHDOL]DUHDSURLHF
WXOXLDXQHL GLVFX LLGH]EDWHULvQFDUHHOHYLLVILHvQFXUDMD
L)ULWKúL0DFLQWRVKS
- VUHIOHFWH]HDVXSUDDFWLYLW LLDVXSUDDFKL]L
LLORUUHDOL]DWH±vQWHUPHQLGH FXQRúWLQ
HDSWLWXGLQLDWLWXGLQLH[SHULHQ HWUDQVIHUDELOH±
- VvúLDXWRHYDOXH]HDFWLYLWDWHDúLSURJUHVXO
- V GLVFXWH GLILFXOW LOH DVSHFWHOH FDUH vL QHPXO XPHVF VDX
SH FDUH OH FRQVLGHULQVXILFLHQWUHDOL]DWH
'HDVHPHQHDSHQWUXIL[DUHDFXQRúWLQ
HORUúLHYDOXDUHDORUSURIHVRUXOSRDWHUHFXUJH±
vQVSHFLDOGXSSDUFXUJHUHDHWDSHLGHFXOHJHUHRUJDQL]DUHSUHOXFUDUHúL
HYDOXDUHD LQIRUPD LLORU ± OD XQ WHVW FULWHULDO DFHVWD YD FRQ LQH XQ
QXPU GH LWHPL RELHFWLYL úL
VHPLRELHFWLYLGDUúLXQQXPURDUHFDUHGHLWHPLVXELHFWLYLFDUHVGHDSRVLEL
OLWDWHD HOHYLORUVUHIOHFWH]HVLVWHPDWL]DWDVXSUDSURFHVXOXLGHvQY
DUHúLSURGXVHORURE LQXWH

5.3. PORTOFOLIUL

Portofoliul UHSUH]LQW R PHWRG3 FRPSOHPHQWDU GH HYDOXDUH GDU úL XQ

LQVWUXPHQW
FRPSOH[GHHYDOXDUHSULQFDUHSURIHVRUXOXUPUHúWHSURJUHVXOUHDOL]DWG
HHOHY±vQSODQ FRJQLWLY DWLWXGLQDO úL FRPSRUWDPHQWDO ± OD R
DQXPLW GLVFLSOLQ GHD OXQJXO XQXL VHPHVWUXVDXDQúFRODU

“Piesele” componente ale unui portofoliu sunt (Stoica, A. (coord.), 1996):

-

UH]XOWDWHOHODSUREHOHVFULVHWHVWHWHPHSHQWUXDFDVú
D
- UH]XOWDWHOH DFWLYLW LORU SUDFWLFH SURLHFWHORU
LQYHVWLJD LLORU FHUFHWULORU efectuate;
-
UHIHUDWHHVHXULDUWLFROHSXEOLFDWHOXFUULSUH]HQWDWHODVHVLX
QLGHFRPXQLFUL sau la cercul de specialitate;
- UH]XOWDWHDOHDFWLYLW LLGHVWXGLXLQGLYLGXDO
-

ILúDLQGLYLGXDOGHREVHUYDUHHYDOXDUHDH
OHYXOXL - ILúDGHDXWRHYDOXDUH
- chestionare de atitudini;
- DOWHUH]XOWDWHUHOHYDQWHDOHDFWLYLW LLHOHYXOXL
3RUWRIROLXOHVWH³FDUWHDGHYL]LW
´DHOHYXOXLúLSHUPLWHIRUPDUHDXQHLLPDJLQLJOREDOH H[KDXVWLYH
DVXSUD DFWLYLW LL SH FDUH D GHVIúXUDWR vQWUXQ LQWHUYDO GDW GH
WLPS
-XGHFDWDGHYDORDUHSHFDUHRIRUPXOHD]SURIHVRUXOFXSULYLUHODFDOLWDWHD
DFWLYLW LL HOHYXOXLUHIOHFWHYROX
LDGHDQVDPEOXDDFHVWXLDúLQXVWDUHDDFFLGHQWDOODXQPRPHQW dat.

Ca instrument de evaluare, portofoliul are câteva caracteristici pe care profesorul

WUHEXLHVOHDLESHPDQHQWvQYHGHUH

3
Metoda presupune un demers complet, de la stabilirea RELHFWLYHORU SkQ OD FRQFHSHUHD œL aplicarea
instrumentului. Acesta din XUP este parte LQWHJUDQW D metodei de evaluare, reprezentând concretizarea
parcursului metodologic.

63
a.
FRPSRQHQWHOHSRUWRIROLXOXLVXQWVWDELOLWHGHFWUHSURIHVRUHOHYXOD
UHvQVOLEHUWDWHD
VDGDXJHRULFHDOWSLHVSHFDUHRFRQVLGHUUHOHYDQWSHQWUXDFWLYLWDWH
DVD
b. FRPSRQHQWHOH SRUWRIROLXOXL VH HYDOXHD] VHSDUDW OD PRPHQWXO
UHDOL]ULL ORU
HYDOXDUHDJOREDODSRUWRIROLXOXLWUHEXLHUHDOL]DWSHED]DXQRUFULW
HULLH[SOLFLWH±
FHHDFHDVLJXURELHFWLYLWDWHDHYDOXULL±FRPXQLFDWHHOHYLORURGDWF
XvQFHSHUHD UHDOL]ULL OXL FRPXQLFDUHD FULWHULLORU HVWH R FRQGL LH
HVHQ LDO SHQWUX FXOWLYDUHD FDSDFLW LLGHDXWRHYDOXDUHDHOHYLORU
c.
SRUWRIROLXOHVWHXQLQVWUXPHQWIOH[LELOSURLHFWDUHDUHDOL]ULLOXLúLD
FRPSRQHQWHORU VDOH SXWkQG IL DGDSWDW OD VSHFLILFXO
GLVFLSOLQHL FODVHL FRQGL LLORU FRQFUHWH DOH DFWLYLW LL
d. SRUWRIROLXO SHUPLWH DSUHFLHUHD úL LQFOXGHUHD vQ DFWXO HYDOXULL
D XQRU SURGXVH DOH DFWLYLW LL HOHYXOXL FDUH vQ PRG RELúQXLW QX
VXQW DYXWH vQ YHGHUH DFHVW IDSW
vQFXUDMHD]H[SULPDUHDSHUVRQDODHOHYXOXLDQJDMDUHDOXLvQDFWLYL
W LGHvQY DUH PDLFRPSOH[HúLPDLFUHDWLYHGLYHUVLILFDUHDFXQRúWLQ
HORUGHSULQGHULORUúLDELOLW LORU exersate;
e.
HYDOXDUHDSRUWRIROLXOXLHVWHHOLEHUDWvQPDUHSDUWHGHWHQVLXQLO
HúLWRQXVXODIHFWLY QHJDWLY FDUH vQVR HVF IRUPHOH WUDGL LRQDOH
GH HYDOXDUH HYDOXDUHD GHYLQH DVWIHO
PRWLYDQWúLQXVWUHVDQWSHQWUXHOHY
f.
GHRDUHFHVLQWHWL]HD]DFWLYLWDWHDHOHYXOXLSHRSHULRDGUHODWLYvQG
HOXQJDWGHWLPS
HYDOXDUHDSRUWRIROLXOXLSRDWHVHUYLúLFDHYDOXDUHVXPDWLYVDXFKLDUF
DSDUWHDXQHL H[DPLQUL

&XWLWOXGHH[HPSOLILFDUHVXJHUPOLVWDFRPSRQHQWHORUXQXLSRUWRI
ROLXODILORVRILH - DSOLFD
LLUHDOL]DWHFDDFWLYLWDWHLQGHSHQGHQW
- analize de text
-

ILúHELRJUDILFH
-

ILúHGHOHFWXU
-

GRVDUHGHOHFWXUSHDXWRULFXUHQWHSUR
EOHPH - eseuri
- DUWLFROHUHIHUDWHúLFRPXQLFUL
-
 FKHVWLRQDUHGHDWLWXGLQLúLGHHYDOXDUHDFRQGXLWHLODvQFHSX
WXODQXOXLúLOD VIkUúLW
- ILúHGHREVHUYD
LLDOHSURIHVRUXOXLSHPDUJLQHDHVHXULORUOXFUULORUUHDOL]DWH -
WHVWHúLOXFUULVFULVHVHPHVWULDOH
- ILúDGHDXWRHYDOXDUH

5.4. AUTOEVALUAREA

3DUDOHOFXHYDOXDUHDSHFDUHRUHDOL]HD]FDSDUWHLQWHJUDQWDGHPHUVXOXL
GLGDFWLFúL FDUHWUHEXLHVILHFkWPDL³WUDQVSDUHQW
´UHDOL]DWvQFRRSHUDUHFXHOHYLLúLvQFRQVHQV FX QHYRLOH ORU GH IRUPDUH
SURIHVRUXO WUHEXLH V vúL SURSXQ IRUPDUHD OD HOHYL D GHSULQGHULL GH
DXWRHYDOXDUH HO WUHEXLH V FUHH]H VLWXD LL vQ FDUH HOHYLL V
H[HUVH]H
DXWRFRQWUROXOúLDXWRDSUHFLHUHDSURSULXOXLFRPSRUWDPHQWFRJQLWLYúL
DWLWXGLQDOvQGLYHUVH contexte.

64
(OHYLLWUHEXLHvQFXUDMD
LVúLSXQvQWUHEULGHJHQXO - Am rezolvat
sarcina suficient de bine?
- 6XQWPXO XPLWGHFHHDFHDPUHDOL]DW"
- &HDQXPHPDvPSLHGLFDWVRE LQXQUH]XOWDWPDLEXQ"
- ([LVWúLXQDOWPRGSURFHGHXVWUDWHJLHGHDUH]ROYDVDUFLQD"
- 3ULQ FH DQXPH VH GHRVHEHVF UH]XOWDWHOHPHOH GH FHOHRE
LQXWH GH FROHJLL mei?
- &HWUHEXLHVIDFSHQWUXDPLvPEXQW LUH]XOWDWHOH"
- $UILELQHVPLIL[H]XQWHUPHQSkQODFDUHVUHXúHVFVRE
LQUH]XOWDWHPDL bune? De ce?
- &HDQXPHPQHPXO XPHúWHFHOPDLPXOWvQDFWLYLWDWHDPHD"

5VSXQVXULOHODDVWIHOGHvQWUHEULFDúLODDOWHOHDOFURUFRQ
LQXWSRDWHILOVDWOD
ODWLWXGLQHDHOHYXOXLVDXSRDWHILVWDELOLWSULQGLVFX
4
LHOLEHUvQFODVSRWILFRQVHPQDWHvQ ILúDGHDXWRHYDOXDUH a elevului.
'DFHOHYLLPDQLIHVWLQWHUHVSHQWUXGLVFXWDUHDUVSXQVXULORUvQFODVSURIHV
RUXOSRDWH RUJDQL]D R GLVFX LHGH]EDWHUH SH PDUJLQHD ORU vQ XUPD
FUHLD HOHYLL V GHWHUPLQH IDFWRULLFHLPDLLPSRUWDQ
LDLVXFFHVXOXLORUSUHFXPúLFHLPDLLPSRUWDQ LIDFWRULIUHQDWRUL 'LVFX
LDQXWUHEXLHvQVVIRU
H]HHOHYXOVúLFRPXQLFHJkQGXULOHúLSUHRFXSULOHGDF
HOQXGRUHúWHVIDFDFHVWOXFUX

Pentru formarea deprinderilor de autoevaluare, profesorul trebuie:

- V SUH]LQWH HOHYLORU VWDQGDUGHOH RELHFWLYHOH GH
HYDOXDUH úL QLYHOHOH GH SHUIRUPDQ
- VúLIRUPXOH]HFODUDúWHSWULOHVILHRELHFWLYúLFRQVHFYHQW
- V vQFXUDMH]H HOHYLL VúL SXQ vQWUHEUL GH WLS DXWRUHIOH[LY
úL VúL FRQVHPQH]HFRQVWDQWUVSXQVXULOHvQ)LúDGHDXWRHYDOXDUH
- VvQFXUDMH]HHYDOXDUHDvQFDGUXOJUXSXOXLVDXDOvQWUHJLLFODVH
- OD VIkUúLWXO ILHFUHL DFWLYLW L V FHDU HOHYLORU V UVSXQG OD
vQWUHEUL GH JHQXO$VW]LDPvQY
DW««««««««««««««««««
$PDIODWGHVFRSHULWF«««««««««««««««
- Am folosit metoda…..………………………….deoarece aceasta mi-a
S H U P LV V« « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « «
ÌQVLWXD LLVLPLODUHYRLIRORVL«««««««««««««««««

ÌQSURFHVXODXWRHYDOXULLúLSHPVXUDFRQVROLGULLGHSULQGHULLGHDXWRHYD
OXDUHHOHYXOvúL
YDDSURSLDvQPDLPDUHPVXUVFRSXULOHúLRELHFWLYHOHDFWLYLW LLGHvQY
DUHvúLYDOXD vQ VWSkQLUH SURSULXO FRPSRUWDPHQW PHQWDO úL SUDFWLF
YD WUDQVIRUPD DFWLYLWDWHD GH vQY DUHvQDFWLYLWDWHGHDXWRIRUPDUH
4
Metoda DXWRHYDOXULL DUH FD SULQFLSDO LQVWUXPHQW ILœD GH autoevaluare a elevului.

65
 CAPITOLUL 6
PROBE DE EVALUARE
6.1. MODELE ORIENTATIVE

3HQWUX R PDL EXQ vQ HOHJHUH D DSOLFULL GLYHUVHORU PHWRGH GH

HYDOXDUH SUH]HQWP
FkWHYDPRGHOHGHSUREHGHHYDOXDUHFDUHLOXVWUHD]PRGXOvQFDUHLWHPLL
GHWDOLD LvQ FDSLWROHOHDQWHULRDUHSRWILDVDPEOD L

'LVFLSOLQD/RJLFúLDUJXPHQWDUH
Clasa a IX-a
(YDOXDUHFXUHQW±WHVWFULWHU
LDO Timp de lucru – 20 minute
8QLWDWHDGHFRQ
LQXWArgumentarea
Obiective de evaluare: Elevul va fi capabil:
- VGHILQHDVFDUJXPHQWDUHD
- VGHVFULHHWDSHOHGHSDUFXUVvQLGHQWLILFDUHDXQXLDUJXPHQW
- VXWLOL]H]HFXQRúWLQ
HOHSULYLQGVWUXFWXUDDUJXPHQWULLvQDQDOL]DXQXLWH[W -
VFRQVWUXLDVFDUJXPHQWHSHQWUXVXV
LQHUHDXQHLFRQFOX]LLGDWH

1. &LWHúWHFXDWHQ LHILHFDUHGLQHQXQ XULOHXUPWRDUH

' D F DSUHFLH]L F SRDWH IL DFFHSWDW FD R GHILQL LH FRUHFW D
DUJXPHQWULL
vQFHUFXLHúWHOLWHUD$GDFDSUHFLH]LFQXSRDWHILDFFHSWDWFDRGHILQL
LHFRUHFWD DUJXPHQWULLvQFHUFXLHúWHOLWHUD)

a. $VXV
LQHDGRYHGL
DvQWULDGHP
RQVWUDFHY
DFXDUJXPHQ
WH A F
b. 3URFHV FDUH DUH FD VFRS JVLUHD GH WHPHLXUL vQ IDYRDUHD XQHL
RSLQLL VDX ajungerea la o opinie, pornind de la anumite temeiuri.
A F
c. 'HPHUVSULQFDUHMXVWLILFPRDILUPD
LHSHFDUHRIDFHPvQFHUFkQGVFRQYLQJHP
FDYHPGUHSWDWHSURFHVXOGHMXVWLILFDUHORJLFDXQHLSURSR]L
LLSHFDUHYUHPV RVXV LQHP
A F

2. 3HQWUX D VWDELOL GDF XQ WH[W FRQ LQH VDX QX XQ DUJXPHQWR

DUJXPHQWDUH HVWH
QHFHVDUSDUFXUJHUHDDSDWUXHWDSHSDúL'HVFULHVXFFLQWvQFHFRQVWILHF
DUH
1………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

66
 3……………………………………………………………………………………………..…
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
4……………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

3. 3HQWUXILHFDUHGLQXUPWRDUHOHHQXQ XUL
a. VHSDUD LFRQFOX]LDGHDUJXPHQWHOHDGXVH
b. IRUPXOD LSUHVXSR]L LLOHSHFDUHVHED]HD]FRQFOX]LD
7UHEXLHQHDSUDWVWHvPEUDFLPDLJURVSHQWUXFODUDGLRDXDQXQ
DWFYUHPHDVH vQUXW HúWH
a………………………………………………………………………………………………...
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
b………………………………………………………………………………………………...
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(úWL XQ UXIFWRU SHQWUX F vQ WRDWH ILOPHOH SH FDUH OHDP Y]XW OD
WHOHYL]RU UXIFWRULLSXUWDXPDVFDH[DFWDúDFDWLQH
a……………………………………………………………………………………………...…
………………………...………………………………………………………………………..
b……………………………………………………………………………………………...…
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
$VW]LDXWREX]HOHPHUJDWkWGHvQFHWvQFkWPDLELQHPHUJHPSHMRVODúFRD
O a……………………………………………………………………………………………...
… ………………...
………………………………………………………………………………..
b………………………………………………………………………………………………...
………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. 3HQWUX ILHFDUH GLQ FRQFOX]LLOH XUPWRDUH IRUPXOD L XQ

DUJXPHQW úL XQ contraargument:
3HQVLRQDULLWUHEXLHVSULPHDVFPHGLFDPHQWHOHJUDWXLW Argumentul:
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………….…………………………………………………………………………
Contraargumentul:……………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(OHYLLFDUHSDUWLFLSODROLPSLDGHWUHEXLHVFXWL LGHIUHFYHQ Argumentul:
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Contraargumentul:……………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
(OHYLLFDUHvQWkU]LHODSULPDRUWUHEXLHFRQVLGHUD LDEVHQ LPRWLYD L
67
 Argumentul:……………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Contraargumentul:……………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Disciplina: Psihologie
Clasa a X-a
(YDOXDUHFXUHQW±WHVWFUL
WHULDO Timp de lucru - 50
minute
8QLWDWHD GH FRQ LQXW 3URFHVHOH SVLKLFH úL UROXO ORU vQ HYROX LD
SHUVRQDOLW LL ± Gândirea
Obiective de evaluare: Elevul va fi capabil:
- VGHILQHDVFQR LXQHDSVLKRORJLFGHSUREOHP
- V GHVFULH VXFFLQW FRQ LQXWXO ILHFUXLD GLQ VWDGLLOH JHQHWLFH
DOH LQWHOHFWXOXL uman stabilite de J. Piaget
- VH[HPSOLILFHPRGDOLW LOHGHRSHUDUHDJkQGLULL
-

VDUJXPHQWH]HORFXOFHQWUDODOJkQGLULLvQFDGUXOVLVWHPXOXLSVLKLFX
PDQ

)RORVLQG WHUPHQXO GH ³GLVRQDQ FRJQLWLY´ VDX FHO GH ³REVWDFRO

FRJQLWLY´ IRUPXOD LGHILQL LDSVLKRORJLFDSUREOHPHL
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. &HUFHWULOHGHSVLKRORJLHJHQHWLFHIHFWXDWHGH-
3LDJHWDXGXVODLGHQWLILFDUHDD
SDWUXVWDGLLSULQFLSDOHDOHGH]YROWULLLQWHOHFWXOXLXPDQ'HVFULH
LVXFFLQWFRQ LQXWXO ILHFUXLD 1…..
……………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………….…
68
3. 2SHUD LLOH IXQGDPHQWDOH DOH JkQGLULL VXQW DQDOL]D VLQWH]D
FRPSDUD LD DEVWUDFWL]DUHDJHQHUDOL]DUHDúLFRQFUHWL]DUHD
3HQWUXILHFDUHGLQWUHHOHFRQVWUXL
LFkWHXQH[HPSOXFRQFUHWSULQFDUHVLOXVWUD L
PRGXOvQFDUHVHPDQLIHVWDWXQFLFkQGvQY D
LOD/LPEDúLOLWHUDWXUDURPkQ Analiza:
………………………………………………………………………………………...
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Sinteza:………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
&RPSDUD L D « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « « «
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Abstractizarea:………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Generalizarea:……………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
….………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Concretizarea:………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. ,QYRFkQGFDUDFWHULVWLFLOHJHQHUDOHDOHJkQGLULLDUJXPHQWD
LFHQWUDOLWDWHDHLvQFDGUXO sistemului psihic uman.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Disciplina: Economie
Clasa a X-a sau a XI-a
(YDOXDUHFXUHQW±WHVWFUL
WHULDO Timp de lucru – 25
minute 8QLWDWHDGHFRQ
LQXWProfitul
Obiective de evaluare: Elevul va fi capabil:
- VGHILQHDVFSURILWXO
- VGHVFULHIXQF LLOHSURILWXOXL
69
 - V FRQVWUXLDVF XQ H[HPSOX FRQFUHW SULQ FDUH V LOXVWUH]H
OHJWXUD GLQWUH FRVWVDODULXúLSURILW
- VXWLOL]H]HIRUPXOHOHGHFDOFXODUHDUDWHL SURILWXOXL SHQWUX
UH]ROYDUHD XQHL probleme date.

1. ÌQHFRQRPLDGHSLD SRVHVRULORUGHIDFWRULGHSURGXF
LHOHUHYLQDQXPLWHIRUPH FRQFUHWH GH YHQLW 'HILQL L YHQLWXO FH
UHYLQH SRVHVRUXOXL IDFWRUXOXL GH SURGXF LH capital.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. 3ULQIXQF
LLOHVDOHHFRQRPLFHSVLKRORJLFHúLVRFLDOHSURILWXOMRDFXQUROHVHQ
LDOvQ DVLJXUDUHDUD LRQDOLW LLvQHFRQRPLDGHSLD 'HVFULH LVXFFLQWIXQF
LLOHSURILWXOXL
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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- cifra de afaceri: 150 miliarde lei

70
 - ponderea costurilor materiale în totalul costului: 80%
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- capitalul total folosit: 300 miliarde lei
- impozitul pe profitul brut: 25%
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Disciplina: Filosofie
Clasa a XII-a
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*DYULO,*KL 371L H VFX'2 HW)ORULQD3RSHVFX&±³(FRQRPLH´ manual pentru clasa

a X-a
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7. Iliescu, A. P.; Miroiu, Mihaela; Miroiu, A. – “Filosofie”, manual pentru clasa a

XII-a
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8. Neculau, A. (coord), – “Psihologie”, manual pentru clasa a X-a

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15. Albulescu, I., Albulescu, M. – “Didactica disciplinelor socio-umane”

Editura Napoca Star, Cluj-Napoca, 1999

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18. Frith, D.S., Macintosh, H.G. – “A Teacher’s Guide to Assessment”

Stanley Thornes Ltd., 1991

19. Gronlund, N. – “Measurement and Evaluation in Teaching”

Ed. a IV-a, Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc., New York, 1981

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21. Stoica, A. (coord.) – “Ghid practic de elaborare a itemilor pentru examene” –

document de lucru. Unitatea Tranzitorie de Evaluare. Componenta: Evaluare a
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73