LEA 2

COMPARATIVE MODELS OF POLICING

THE SAFEST COUNTRY

1. ICELAND
.2 NEW ZEALAND- NGA PIRIHIMANA AO AOTERARAO
3.SINGAPORE
WHAT IS COMPARATIVE POLICE SYSTEM
# IT IS THE SCIENCE AND ART OF INVESTIGATION AND COMPARING THE
POLICE SYSTEM OF NATIONS. IT COVERS THE STUDY OF POLICE
ORGANIZATION, TRAININGS AND METHODS OF POLICING OF VARIOUS
NATION.
COLUMBIA- MAJOR PRODUCER OF COCAINE IN THE WORLD
LEADER- EL CHAPO GUZMAN
#SOUTH AMERICAN COCAINE RING
*BOLIVIA
*PERU
*COLUMBIA

GLOBALIZATION- IS FREE MOVEMENT OF PERSON, SERVICE, PRODUCTS

FROM ONE COUNTRY TO ANOTHER
WHAT IS TRANSNATIONAL CRIME? MORE THAN ONE COUNTRY
#IT IS A TERM THAT HAS BEEN USED IN COMPARATIVE AND
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDY IN RECENT YEARS TO
REFLECT THE COMPLEXITY AND ENORMITY OF GLOBAL CRIME ISSUES.
IT IS DEFINED BY THE UNITED NATIONS
OFFENCES WHOSE INCEPTION, PROPORTION AND INDIRECT EFFECTS IN
MORE THAT ONE COUNTRY.

EXAMPLES ARE
*MONEY LAUNDERING
*DRUG TRAFFICKING
*TERRORISM
*HUMAN TRAFFICKING
*CYBER CRIMES

WHAT IS INTERNATIONAL CRIME? ONE COUNTRY

DEFINED AS CRIMES AGAINST THE PEACE AND SECURITY OF MANKIND
(ADLER, MUELLER AND LAUFER 1994) THE UN HAS IDENTIFIED THE
FOLLOWING AS INTERNATIONAL CRIMES:
INTERNATIONAL CRIME- IS CRIME AGAINST HUMANITY
EXAMPLES
*GENOCIDE- MASS KILLING
*AGGRESSION
POLICE- PUBLIC OFFICER LEGAL INVESTIGATION CRIMAL EMERGENCIES
#BODY OF MEN CREATED/MAINTAINED/ORGANIZATION BY THE
GOVERNMENT FOR THE ENFORCEMENT OF LAW, PROTECTION OF
LIVES/ PROPERTY AND MAINTENANCE OF PEACE/ORDER.
COMPARATIVE
#DEGREE OF LIKENESS AND UNLIKENESS OF TWO THINGS
POLICE COMPARATIVE SYSTEM
#PROCESS OF OUTLINING THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCE OF ONE
POLICE SYSTEM TO ANOTHER IN ORDER TO DISCOVER INSIGHTS IN THE
FIELD OF INTERNATIONAL POLICING.
STUDY OF LIKENESS AND DIFFERENCE OF TWO DIFFERENT POLICE
MODEL/CUSTOM
TWO THEORIES
-HOME RULE THEORY
#POLICEMEN ARE REGARDED AS SERVANTS OF THE COMMUNITY
(ENGLAND U.S, PHILIPPINES)
-CONTINENTAL THEORY
#THE POLICEMEN ARE REGARDED AS STATE OR SERVANTS OF THE
HIGHER AUTHORITIES (FRANCE, ITALY, SPAIN)
CONCEPTS OF POLICE SERVICE
-OLD CONCEPT
#THE MEASUREMENT OF THE POLICE COMPETENCE IS THE INCREASING
NUMBER OF ARRESTS, THROWING OFFENDERS IN DETENTION
FACILITIES RATHER THAN TRYING TO PREVENT FROM COMMITTING

-MODERN CONCEPTS
#POLICE EFFICIENTLY IS MEASURED BY THE DECREASING NUMBER OF
CRIMES OF/ ABSENCE OF CRIME.

10-13-2020

China- the traditional police is called prefects

EGYPYT- A GROUP OF MEN CALLED MEDJAYS TRADITIONAL POLICE
FORCE
MEDJAYS- FIRST TO USE DOGS
HERMANIDAD- THE HOLY BROTHERHOOD IT WAS ESTABLISHED IN
CASTILLE SPAIN.
SERGEANT DE VILLE- FOUNDED BY GABRIEL NICOLAS DELA REYNIE
AND IT IS THE FIRST UNIFORM POLICE IN THE WORLD
ROME
*CREATED THE FIRST ORGANIZED POLICE FORCE CALLED VIGILES OF
ROME OR VIGILES URBANI (WATCHMEN OF THE CITY) WHICH HAD THE
PRIMARY TASK OF FIREFIGHTING AND POLICING
*THE VIGILES ACTED AS NIGHT WATCH, APPREHENDING, THIEVES,
KEEPING AN EYE OUT FOR BURGLARS AND HUNTING DOWN RUNAWAY
SLAVES, AND WERE OCCASION USED TO MAINTAIN ORDER IN THE
STREETS.
*THE VIGILES DEALT PRIMARILY WITH PETTY CRIME
#TUN POLICING SYSTEM
 A SYSTEM OF POLICING EMERGED DURING THE ANGLO-SAXON
WHEREBY ALL MALE RESIDENTS WERE REQUIRED TO GUARD THE
TOWN TO PRESERVE PEACE AND PROTECT THE LIVES AND
PROPERTIES OF THE PEOPLE.
#HUE AND CRY
 METHOD OF APPREHENDING A CRIMINAL BY AN ACT OF THE
COMPLAINANT TO SHOUT TO CALL ALL MALE RESIDENTS TO
ASSEMBLE
AND ARREST THE SUSPECT.
#TRIAL BY ORDEAL
 A JUDICIAL PRACTICE WHEREIN THE GUILT AND INNOCENCE OF
THE ACCUSED IS DETERMINED BY SUBJECTING HIM TO AN
UNPLEASANT AND DANGEROUS EXPERIENCE.
@KING APPOINTED ROYAL JUDGE
 THE WORD ORDELA COMES FROM “DEL INDICUM” MEANS
MIRACULOUS DECISION.
#TRIAL BY COMBAT
 A JUDICIAL PRACTICE WHEREIN THE GUILT AND INNOCENCE OF
THE ACCUSED IS DETERMINED BY MEANS OF COMBAT.
TYTHINGS- IS COMPOSED OF 9 MAKES YOUNG AND ABLE BODIED EACH
OF THE MEMBERS IS CALLED TYTHINGMEN IT WAS LED BY A
CONSTABLE
CONSTABLE-IT WAS DERIVED FROM THE WORLD CONTIBULI WHICE
MEANS HORSE KEEPER
#SHIRE-RIEVE - SHERIFF
 WAS A POLICING DURING THE TIME OF NORMAN WILLIAM THE
CONQUEROR (KING OF FRANCE) WHEN HE INVADED THE
ENGLAND
 UNDER THIS POLICING SYSTEM, ENGLAND WAS DIVIDED INTO “55
MILITARY DISTRICTS” AREAS CALLED SHIRE EACH HEADED BY A
RULER CALLED “RIEVE” (LIEUTENANT OF THE ARMY)
 TWO CONSTABULI OR THE KEEPER OF HOME APPOINTED TO
EACH VILLAGE TO AID THE RIEVE IN HIS DUTIES IT BECAME THE
SOURCE OF THE WORD CONSTABLE.
#FRANKPLEDGE SYSTEM- MUTUAL AGGREMENT
 REQUIRED ALL MALES AGED 12 AND ABOVE TO GUARD THE
TOWN.
#LEGES HINRICI
 OFFENSES WERE CLASSIFIES AS AGAINTS THE KING AND
INDIVIDUALS
 POLICEMAN BECOMES PUBLIC SERVANTS
 THE POLICE AND THE CITIZEN HAVE THE BROAD POWER TO
ARREST
  INTRODUCED THE SYSTEM CALLED CITIZEN ARREST
 GRAND JURY WAS CREATED TO INQUIRED ON THE FACTS OF
CRIME ELIMINATING THE TRIAL ORDEAL SYSTEM

#STATUE OF 1295
 THE LAW THAT MARKS THE BEGINNING OF THE CURFEW HOURS
W/C DEMANDED THE CLOSING OF THE GATES LONDON DURING
SUNDOWN.
#JUSTICE OF THE PEACE
 THREE TO FOUR MEN WHO WERE LEARNED THE LAWS OF THE
LAND WERE GIVEN AUTHORITY TO PURSUE, ARREST AND
IMPRISON LAW VIOLATORS.
#STAR CHAMBER COURTS
 SPECIAL COURT DESIGNED TO TRY OFFENDERS AGAINSTS THE
STATE, THE ROOM IS SETUP IN THE SHAPE OF A STAR
 JUDGE WERE GIVEN GREAT POWERS TO FORCE TESTIMONY FROM
A DEFENDANT LEANDING TO A GREAT ABUSE OF POWER AND
BRUTALITY ON THE PART OF JUDGES.
#KEEPERS OF THE PEACE
 A PROCLAMATION ISSUED BY THE KING RICHARD OF ENGLAND
THAT REQUIRES THE APPOINTMENT OF KNIGHTS TO KEEP THE
KING’S PEACE BY STANDING AS GUARDS ON THE BRIDGES AND
GATES WHILE CHECKING THE PEOPLE ENTERING, LEAVING THE
CITIES, TOWN.
#KING CHARLES 11 OF ENGLAND
 PASSED AN ACT WITH ESTABLISHED OR PROMOTED THE
EMPLOYMENT OF WATCHMEN OR BELLMEN TO BE ON DUTY
FROM SUNSET TO SUNRISE
#MAG CARTA OR GREAT CHART

ON 1749 HENRI FIELDING CREATED BOWSTREET RUNNERS

HENRI WAS REPLACED WITH BLIND BROTHER JOHN FIELDING

#METROPOLITAN POLICE OF ACT 1829

 THE LAW THAT CREATED FIRST MODERN POLICE FORCE IN
LONDON ENGLAND, CALLED THE METROPOLITAN POLICE SERVICE.
 THIS LAW WAS PASSED THROUGH THE INITIATIVE OF SIR ROBERT
PEEL,
 THE HEADQUARTERS OF THE METROPOLITAN POLICE SERVICE IS
THE SCOTLAND YARD, NOW KNOWN AS THE NEW SCOTLAND
YARD
PATRICK COLQUHOUN AND CAPT, JOHN HARRIOT THEY ESTABLISHED
THE FIRST MARINE POLICE CALLED RIVER THAMES POLICE IN THEIR
FIRST YEAR WITH ONLY 50 PERSONNEL THEY ARRESTED 11000
CRIMINALS. THE RIVER THAMES POLICE IS THE FIRST POLICE IN
ENGLAND WHICH WAS ABSORBED BY THE GOVERNMENT. IT IS ALSO
THE OLDEST POLICE FORCE IN THE WORLD AS IT WAS ESTABLISHED IN
1798
#SIR ROBERT PEEL RECOGNIZED AS THE FATHER OF MODERN POLICING
SYSTEM
 PREVENTION OF THE CRIME IS THE BASIC MISSION OF THE POLICE
 POLICE MUST HAVE THE FULL RESPECT OF THE CITIZENCY
 A CITIZENS RESPECT FOR LAW DEVELOPS HIS RESPECT FOR THE
POLICE
 COOPERATION OF THE PUBLIC DECREASES AS THE USE OF THE
FORCE INCREASES
 POLICE MUST RENDER IMPARTIAL ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAW
 PHYSICAL FORCE IS USED ONLY AS A LAST RESORT
 THE POLICE ARE THE PUBLIC AND THE PUBLIC ARE THE POLICE
 THE POLICE REPRESENT THE LAW

NYPD- LARGEST POLICE FORCE

BOSTONPD - OLDEST POLICE FORCE
PHILADELPIA PD- FIRST POLICE STATE
TEXAS RANGER- FORE RUNNER OF FBI IT WAS ESTABLISHED DURING
COLONIZATION
LAPD- MOST FAMOUS PD IN THE US, FIRST PD IN THE US WHICH
RECRUITED FEMALE POLICE OFFICER
ALICE STEBBIN WELLS- FIRST FEMALE POLICE OFFICER
KATE WAYNE- FIRST FEMALE INVESTIGATOR
AUGUST VOLLMER- FATHER OF MODERN LAW ENFORCEMENT
ADMINISTRATION HE WAS THE AUTHOR OF THE BOOK POLICE
ADMINISTRATION.
10-20-20
COMPARATIVE POLICE IN MATRIX
COUNTRY-POLICE FORCE/NAME-DEPARTMENT-HIGHEST RANK-LOWEST RANK

GOLDEN TRIANGLE MEMBERS

-THAILAND
-MYANMAR
-LAOS

AFGHANISTAN- IS NOW NO.1 SUPPLY OF OPIUM

PAPF- WAS BEING PATTEREND TO THE BRITISH POLICE
GENDARME- IS A MILITARY PERSONNEL WITH POLICE FUNCTION (GEN DE ARMES-
MEN IN ARMS)
FRANCE HAVE 2 POLICE FORCE (SURETE NATIONALE- URBAN POLICE)
(GENDARMERIE NATIONALE- MILITARY PERSONNEL WITH POLICE FUNCTION)
MALAYSIA- ONE OF THE COUNTRIES THAT HAVE ROYAL NAME
POLICE IN MALAYSIA “POLICE DIRAJA, RAKAN COP”
RAKAN COP- COMMUNITY POLICE, SAME FUNCTION AS THE PCRG IN THE
PHILIPPINES
L.O.I- LETTER OR INSTRUCTION
MONGALIA HQ- ULAAN BAATAR
TOP INTELLINGECE AGENCY IN THE WORLD
1. ISI-Pakistan 4. CIA- U.S.A
2. Mossad-Israel 5. MSS-China
3. SIS-United Kingdom
 COMPARARATIVE POLICE IN MATRIX
COUNTRY POLICE FORCE DEPARTMENT HIGHEST RANK LOWEST RANK

AFGHANISTAN AFGHANISTAN MINISTRY OF THE POLICE GENERAL 2ND PATROLMAN

NATIONAL INTERIOR
POLICE (ANP)
ARMENIA POLCE OF THE MINISTRY OF POLICE COLONEL JUNIOR SERGEANT
REPUBLIC OF DEFENSE GENERAL
ARMENIA
BANGLADESH BANGLADESH MINISTRY OF INSPECTOR CONSTABLE
POLICE HOME AFFAIRS GENERAL OF
POLICE (IGP)
BUTAN ROYAL BHUTAN MINISTRY OF GAGPEON (CHIEF GAGPA
POLICE (RBP) HOME AND OF POLICE)
CULTURAL
AFFAIRS
CAMBODIA CAMBODIAN MINISTRY OF BRIGADIER OFFICER CADET
POLICE FORCE INTERNAL GENERAL
AFFAIRS
CHINA PEOPLE’S MINISTRY OF COMMISSIONER CONSTABLE 2ND
ARMED POLICE PUBLIC SECURITY GENERAL CLASS
FORCE
CYPRUS CYPRUS POLICE MINISTRY OF CHIEF OF POLICE CONSTABLE
FORCE JUSTICE
GEORGIA GEORGIAN DEPARTMENT OF COMMISSIONER CONSTABLE
NATIONAL OF POLICE
NORTH KOREA NATIONAL MINISTRY OF DEEWON (GRAND CHONSA (PRIVATE)
POLICE AGENCY PUBLIC SAFETY MARSHAL)
SOUTH KOREA KOREA MINISTRY OF COMMISSIONER POLICE OFFICER
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT GENERAL
POLICE AGENCY ADMINISTRATIO
N AND HOME
AFFAIRS
KUWAIT MINISTRY OF LIEUTENANT CONSTABLE
KUWAIT NATIONAL INTERNAL GENERAL
POLICE AFFAIRS
KYRGYZSTAN KYRGYZSTAN MINISTRY OF GENERAL POLICE OFFICER
POLICE INTERIOR
LAOS LAOS NATIONAL MINISTRY OF GENERAL CONSTABLE
POLICE PUBLIC SECURITY
LEBANON INTERNATIONAL MINISTRY OF DIRECTOR GENDARME
SECURITY INTERIOR GENERAL
FORCES
MACAU MACAU MINISTRY OF SUPERINTENDENT GUARD
NATIONAL INTERNAL
POLICE FORCE AFFAIRS
MALAYSIA ROYAL MINISTRY OF INSPECTOR CONSTABLE
MALAYSIAN HOME AFFAIRS GENERAL OF
POLICE POLICE
MALDIVES MALDIVES NATIONAL COMMISSIONER LANCE CONSTABLE
SECURITY AND OF POLICE
DEFENSE
BRANCH
MONGOLIA MONGOLIA MINISTRY OF GENERAL PRIVATE
PUBLICE JUSTICE AND
SECURITY HOME AFFAIRS
FORCE
MYANMAR MYANMAR MINISTRY OF POLICE MAJOR PRIVATE
POLICE FORCE HOME AFFAIRS GENERAL
NEPAL NEPAL POLICE MINISTRY OF INSPECTOR CONSTABLE
FORCE HOME GENERAL
OMAN ROYAL OMAN MINISTRY OF LIEUTENANT CONSCRIPT
POLICE INTERIOR GENERAL
PAKISTAN PAKISTAN MINISTRY OF INSPECTOR CONSTABLE
POLICE FORCE INTERIOR GENERAL
PHILIPPINES PHILIPPINE DEPARTMENT OF DIRECTOR PATROLMAN
NATIONAL INTERIOR AND GENERAL
POLICE LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
RUSSIA MILITISIYA MINISTRY OF POLICE COLONEL POLICE CADET
INTERNAL
AFFAIRS
SINGAPORE SINGAPORE MINISTRY OF COMMISSIONER POLICE CONSTABLE
 POLICE FORCE INTERNAL OF POLICE
AFFAIRS
SRI LANKA SRI LANKA DEFENSE INSPECTOR POLICE CONSTABLE
POLICE SERVICE MINISTRY GENERAL OF CLASS 4
POLICE
SYRIA SYRIA PUBLIC MINISTRY OF DIRECTOR POLICE PRIVATE
SECURITY INTERIOR GENERAL
POLICE
TAIWAN NATIONAL MINISTRY OF POLICE POLICE RANK 4
POLICE AGENCY INTERIOR SUPERVISOR
GENERAL
THAILAND ROYAL THAI MINISTRY OF POLICE GENERAL CONSTABLE
POLICE FORCE INTERIOR
TURKEY TURKISH POLICE MINISTRY OF DIRECTOR POLICE OFFICER
(GENERAL INTERNAL GENERAL
DIRECTORATE AFFAIRS
OF SECURITY)
UZBEKISTAN UZBEKISTAN MINISTRY OF DIRECTOR CONSTABLE
POLICE INTERIOR GENERAL
(MILITIA)

HONGKONG HONGKONG OPERATIONS COMMISSIONER CONSTABLE

POLICE FORCE AND SUPPORT OF POLICE
INDIA INDIAN POLICE MINISTRY OF COMMISSIONER POLICE
SERVICE INTERNAL
AFFAIRS
INDONESIA INDONESIAN MINISTRY OF POLICE GENERAL SECOND
NATIONAL AFFAIRS BHAYANGKAR
POLICE
IRAQ IRAQ POLICE MINISTRY OF CHIEF OF POLICE PATROLMAN
SERVICE INTERIOR
ISRAEL ISRAELI POLICE MINISTRY OF COMMISSIONER CONSTABLE
SERVICE INTERNAL
SECURITY
JAPAN NATIONAL NATIONAL COMMISSIONER POLICE OFFICER
POLICE AGENCY PUBLIC SAFETY GENERAL
COMMISSION
 JORDAN PUBLIC PUBLIC SECURITY
SECURITY DIRECTORATE OF
FORCE THE MINISTRY OF
INTERIOR
KAZAKHSTAN NATIONAL NATIONAL PROCURATOR RYADOVOY
POLICE OF SECURITY GENERAL
KAZAKHSTAN COMMITTEE OF
MINISTRY OF
INTERNAL
AFFAIRS

1-3-2020
POLICE OFFICER IN INDIA- CHOWKI
POLICE STATION- CHOWKIDAR
CBI- CENTRAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
-IT IS THE PRIMARY INVESTIGATIVE ARM IN INDIA
BHAYANGKARA DUA- SECOND AGENT
POLICE IN INDONESIA- POLRI
CHIEF OF POLICE IN INDONESIA- KEPOLRI
KEPULISIAN- POLICE OFFICER
MOSSAD- INTELLIGENCE AGENCY OF ISRAEL

TOP 5 INTELLIGENCE AGENCY IN THE WORLD

5.M.S.S- MINISTRY OF STATE AND SECURITY OF CHINA
4.C.I.A- CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE OF AMERICA
3.S.I.S- SECRET INTELLIGENCE SERVICE OF UNITED KINGDOM (M.I 5)
2.MOSSAD OF ISRAEL
1.INTERSERVICE INTELLIGENCE I.S.I OF PAKISTAN

PREFECTURAL SYSTEM- PROVINCIAL

IT IS COMPARABLE TO P.P.O POLICE PROVINCIAL OFFICE
RIZAL PROVINCIAL POLICE OF RIZAL >ex<
IT IS STAFFED BY ONE PERSONNEL WHO INHABITS THE KOBAN WITH
HIS FAMILY
24/7 CAN PROVIDE POLICE ASSISTANCE
HASHUSHOTSHOJO- IT IS A TYPE OF KOBAN LOCATED WITHIN URBAN
DISTRICT. IT WAS STAFFED BY 3-4 PERSONNEL WORKING INTO SHIFT
SYSTEM.
NATIONAL POLICE AGENCY (UNDER NPSC)
-CENTRAL COORDINATION AGENCY OF THE JAPANESE POLICE SYSTEM
-THE HEAD OF THE NPA IS THE COMMISSIONER GENERAL WHO IS
APPOINTED AND DISMISSED BY THE NATIONAL PUBLIC SAFETY
COMMISSION WITH THE CONSENT OF THE PRIME MINISTER.
-THE COMMISSIONER GENERAL ADMINISTERS THE TASKS OF THE NPA
APPOINTS AND DISSMISS AGENCY EMPLOYEES ANND SUPERVISES AND
CONTROL THE PREFECTURAL POLICE REGARDING THE AFFAIRS UNDER
THE JURISDICTION OF THE AGENCY.
ATTACHED AGENCY OF THE NPA
-NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY- PROVIDES TRAINING TO POLICE
OFFICERS
-NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF POLICE SCIENCE CONDUCTS
RESEARCH IN POLICE SCIENCE
-IMPERIAL GUARDS