What is communication?

Act of
“imparting information”
for the purpose of
“evoking understanding”
Effective Communication
Effective communication is all about
conveying your messages
to other people
clearly and unambiguously.
It is also about
receiving information that others are sending
to you
with little distortion
What is communication and why it is important?

⚫ Teaching is based on communication, and a teacher

who communicates effectively with his/her students is
a great teacher
Communication
Elements and Process of Communication
Communication Code scheme
oActivity
Barriers to Communication
⚫ Barriers to communication are the factors that
contribute towards the total or partial loss or failure of
the communication.
⚫ Physiological Barriers
⚫ Physical Barriers
⚫ Cultural Barriers
⚫ Language Barriers
⚫ Gender Barriers
⚫ Psychological Barriers
Barriers to Communication
Barriers to Communication
(that have to do with communicator)
⚫ Unwillingness to say things differently
⚫ Unwillingness to relate to others differently
⚫ Unwillingness to learn new approaches
⚫ Lack of self confidence
⚫ Lack of enthusiasm
⚫ Voice quality
⚫ Prejudice
 Barriers to Communication
(that have to do with communicator)
⚫ Disagreement between verbal and non-verbal messages
⚫ Negative self image
⚫ Lack of feedback
⚫ Lack of motivation and training
⚫ Language and vocabulary level
⚫ Lack of self awareness
 Barriers to Communication
(that have to do with the receiver)
⚫ Selective perception
⚫ Unwillingness to change
⚫ Lack of interest in the topic
⚫ Prejudice and belief system
⚫ Pre-mature evaluation
What is non-verbal communication?

⚫ Non-verbal communication is= communication without

words

⚫ Non-verbal communication is a process of communication

through sending and receiving wordless messages
Verbal Communication & Nonverbal
communication

⚫ Before moving forward, let’s keep in your mind that

verbal communication and nonverbal communication
are interconnected and they operate together in
communication.
Difference between verbal & Nonverbal
communication

⚫ Verbal and non verbal are all types of communication.

But the difference between them is that we use our
voice in verbal communication and we use body signs
in non-verbal communication.
 Importance of Nonverbal
Communication
⚫ Verbal & nonverbal Communication plays an important
role in how people interact with one another.
⚫ People are using around 35% verbal communication and
65% nonverbal communication in daily life.
⚫ Nonverbal communication has also cultural meaning .

⚫ “ The most important thing in communication is to hear

what isn't being said.” Peter F. Drucker
 Forms of non-verbal communication

⚫ Eye contact
⚫ Facial expressions
⚫ Postures gestures
⚫ Proxemics (Space)
⚫ Gestures
⚫ Haptics or touch
 Eye contact
⚫ Eye contact, a key characteristic of nonverbal
communication, expresses much without using a single
word.
⚫ In American culture, maintaining eye contact shows
respect and indicates interest.

⚫ Eye contact also establish the nature of a

relationship.
 Posture
⚫ Posture and how you carry your self tells a lot about
you.
⚫ How you walk, sit, stand or hold your head not only
indicates your current mood, but also your personality
in general. For example, if you cross your arms while
standing, you indicate that you may be closed off and
defensive .
⚫ Meanwhile, walking with your head down and
avoiding eye contact with others may indicate shyness
.
 Gestures

⚫ A gesture is a characteristic of nonverbal

communication in which visible body actions
communicate particular message.
⚫ Gestures include movement of the hands, face, or
other parts of the body.
CHARACTERISTICS OF NONVERBAL
COMMUNICATION

⚫ It is culturally determined.
⚫ It may conflict with verbal messages.
⚫ Nonverbal messages are largely unconscious.
⚫ It shows your feelings and attitude.
⚫ Activity
Communication & Self
⚫ Self concept :

⚫ The relatively stable set of perceptions

that you hold of yourself
⚫ Ask yourself, “who am I?”
⚫ Describe who you think you are
Concept of self and Naming
⚫ Personality is the total psychological makeup of an
individual—a profile that reflects
experiences, motivations, attitudes, beliefs, values,
and behaviors.
⚫ Your personality is a combination of various traits,
which are distinguishable ways in which one
individual
differs from others.
It’s common to hear people describing communication
behaviors.
⚫ “She’s very easy to talk to.”
⚫ “He talks too much.”
⚫ “She’s very quiet.”
⚫ “He’s loud and funny.”
⚫ “She’s always defensive.”
⚫ “He’s so demanding.”
⚫ “She’s very warm and approachable.”
⚫ “He’s cold and distant.”
“You have to get along with people,
but you also have to recognize that
the strength of a team is different
for people with different
perspectives and different
personalities.” — Steve Case
Activity: My Nameis…
Instructions:

1. prefix your name with another word that

describes you, or a hobby interest of you.
2. The twist is that the initial letter of their name
must be the initial letter of the characteristic.
For example: Ambitious Amina, Sensitive Sania etc

Then introduce yourself with the new name and

explain why you have chosen that particular
characteristic.
How Your Personality Type Affects Communication

⚫ Personality types according to the DISC personality

profile test (1905):

1. Dominant
2. Influential
3. Steady
4. Conscientious
How Your Personality Type Affects Communication

⚫ This test helps to assess personality types in an

effort to help people communicate more
effectively.
⚫ Once you know your own and how to identify
others, then it becomes a lot easier to establish
rapport and potentially influence others
How Your Personality Type Affects Communication

⚫ Dominant (D) – Described as demanding, vocal,

adventurous and competitive, people with
dominant personalities often make the first move
in social situations and take the lead at work.

⚫ Most people would consider them blunt,

opinionated and not up for open discussion.
How Your Personality Type Affects Communication

⚫ Influential (I) – Influential people are the social

butterflies of the world.
⚫ They love to communicate, to perform and joke
around.
⚫ They often appear excited, open and friendly with
everyone they meet.
How Your Personality Type Affects Communication

⚫ Steady (S) – They are stable, deliberate and follow

a system.
⚫ These are the people that like routine and dislike
distractions. They proceed carefully and like to
have all the details before making a decision.
⚫ They can be quiet but great listeners when
communicating one-on-one with someone. People
with this personality type are rarely jealous and
tend to keep their emotions on an even keel.
How Your Personality Type Affects Communication

⚫ Conscientious (C) – Precise, logical and

preferring perfection
⚫ They are hard on themselves and like to follow the
rules. They are often not very expressive in person
and prefer to communicate in writing. For this
reason, they can come across as cold and distant.
⚫ They do not like to disagree or to be wrong, so
they often keep their feelings to themselves.
How to Get Along with Everyone by Tempering
Your Dominant Traits

⚫ D – Don’t be so quick to talk. Instead, give others

time to speak. Practice patience and try not to
dominate conversation. Consider other people’s
feelings before saying something.
⚫ I – Try not to talk as much and allow others to join
in the conversation. Do not violate other people’s
personal space by getting in their face or talking
too closely.
How to Get Along with Everyone by Tempering
Your Dominant Traits

⚫ S – Allow yourself to talk and join in the fun. Be

more expressive and animated in your discussions
without becoming too emotional. Don’t be afraid
to talk about things you’re unfamiliar with and
focus a little less on the details.
⚫ C – This personality type needs to talk more as
well, but not include as much detail. Spend more
time talking about your emotions. Strive to inspire
others and not to appear aloof and uncaring.