Bacolod City National High School

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

1st Semester, SY 2019-2020
LESSON PLAN
General Mathematics

GRADE/SECTION: 11 STEM - Sirius

LEARNING COMPETENCY: The learners should be able to:
1. ? (S11/12PS-IVc-48)
LESSON/TOPIC: Propositions and Symbols
I. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:
1. Illustrate and symbolize propositions.
2. Distinguish between simple and compound propositions.
3. Perform the different types of operations on propositions

II. RESOURCES:
References:
Oronce, O. A. (2016). General Mathematics (1 st ed). Rex Bookstore.
Chan, N.T., Miro, D., & Quiming, R.S. (2016). General Mathematics. (Garces, I. J.
L.,Ed.). Vibal Group Inc
Materials: Laptop, Projector (Indicator 9)
Value Focus:
English: Types of Sentences, Riddles
Mathematics: ?

111 . PROCEDURE:
A. PRE-ACTIVITY

1. Prayer
TEACHER EXPECTED ANSWER/STUDENTS’ RESPONSE
Good morning, Class. Good morning, Sir Kerr.

Before we start our lesson today, let us offer a prayer.

You may now take your seats.

2. Checking of attendance
TEACHER EXPECTED ANSWER/STUDENTS’ RESPONSE
Class, who is absent today? Miss, ________ is absent/Sir, everyone is present.

Monitor, please take note. I will get the attendance

from you later/Very good for having a perfect
attendance today.

3. Reminders of house rules

TEACHER EXPECTED ANSWER/STUDENTS’ RESPONSE
Before we begin our discussion, let us first remember 1. Respect.
our rules inside the classroom? 2. Listen.
(Indicator 4) 3. Engage.
 A. MOTIVATION
TEACHER EXPECTED ANSWER/STUDENTS’ RESPONSE
Today, we are going to learn another topic but before
we proceed to our lesson proper, let us first start up
our brain through an activity.

Activity 1 - WHAT AM I!
A.
Teacher gives different types of sentences and the
class will identify and label each sentence as
declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory.

1. Front-liners are considered heroes during COVID–  Declarative Sentence

19 pandemic.
2. Stop COVID-19!  Exclamatory Sentence
3. Why does it spread that fast?
4. Have you heard of the good news?  Interrogative Sentence
5. Please stay home.
Very good! That’s correct.  Interrogative Sentence

Teacher lets the students read the answer and  Imperative Sentence
definition. (Indicator 5)

1. Declarative Sentence makes a statement and give

B.
Teacher gives sentences and the class determine if
they are answerable by True or False.
1. Department of Education announces this school
year class start on August 24.
2. May 30, 2021 will be the last day of school.
3. When will you allowed to go to school?
4. Answer pages 5 to 15 of this module.
5. log 2 2 = 1
information that normally end with a full –
stop/period.
2. Interrogative Sentence ask a question of something
or some information and always
end with a question mark.
3. Imperative Sentence give a command telling
someone to do something and end with a full-
stop/period or exclamation mark/point.
4. Exclamatory Sentence express strong
emotion/surprise – an exclamation – and always end
with an exclamation mark/point.
 YES
 YES

 NO

 NO

 YES

B. REVIEW
TEACHER EXPECTED ANSWER/STUDENTS’ RESPONSE

Which type of sentence makes up a proposition? A declarative sentence.

No, because a proposition should be answerable by
Are interrogative questions propositions? yes or no.
A proposition is a declarative sentence that is either
Can anyone state now what is proposition based on true or false, but not both.
our actvity? (Indicator 7)
Very good! In proposition notation variables are used
to represent propositions. The most common
variables used are p, q, and r. If a proposition is true,
then its truth value is true, which is denoted by T;
otherwise, its true value is false, which is denoted by
F.
That is great!

C. LESSON PROPER
TEACHER EXPECTED ANSWER/STUDENTS’ RESPONSE
ACTIVITY 2. RIDDLE ME THIS!
1. What mathematical symbol can be put between 5 A Decimal Point. 5.9 works nicely
and 9, to get a number bigger than 5 and smaller than
9?
"Happy Birthday."
2. A poor woman and a rich woman are talking about
music.The poor woman says she has studied music
and can find a song with any name in it.
The rich woman says "OK, if you can find a song
with my son's name in it, I will give you a thousand
dollars. His name is Demarcus-Jabari." The poor The match of course.
woman gives her answer and is instantly $1,000
richer. What was her answer? The letter "m".
3. You are in a dark room with a candle, a wood
stove and a gas lamp. You only have one match, so Neither, the yolk of eggs are yellw.
what do you light first?
When it’s ajar (slightly open door).
4. What occurs once in every minute,
Choices.
twice in every moment,
but never in a thousand years?
5. Is it correct to say "the yolk of eggs is white" or Nothing.
"the yolk of eggs are white"?
6. When is a door not a door?
7. When you have three, you have three. When you A map.
have two, you have two. But when you have one, you
have none. He is bald.
8. It's greater than God
It's more evil than the devil
The poor have it
The rich need it
And if you eat it you will die
11.Where can you find cities, towns, shops and
streets but no people?
12. George walked for thirty minutes in the pouring
rain without getting a single hair on his head wet. He
didn't have a hat or an umbrella and his coat had no
hood.
How did he do that?
 D. ANALYSIS
TEACHER EXPECTED ANSWER/STUDENTS’ RESPONSE
Discussion of Activity 2 – RIDDLE ME THIS!
(Indicator 3)
Simple Proposition – a proposition that conveys one
thought with no connecting words.
Example:
“2 is an even number”
“A square has all its sides equal”
Compound Proposition – contains two or more
simple propositions that are put together using
connective words. Example:
“11 is both an odd and prime number” can be broken
into two propositions.
“11 is an odd number” and “11 is a prime number” so
it is a compound statement.
Simple proposition can be combined to form
compound propositions by using logical connectives or
simply, connectives. Words such as and, or, nor and
if… then are example of connectives.
Basic Logical Connectives
If the proposition is compound, then it must be one of
the following: conjunction, disjunction, conditional,
biconditional, or negation.
1. Conjunction
If two simple propositions p and q are connected by the
word ‘and’, then the resulting compound proposition
“p and q” is called a conjunction of p and q and is
written in symbolic form as “p ˄ q”.
Example:
Form the conjunction of the following simple
propositions: p: Jethro is a boy. q: He is a grade 5
pupil. Solution:
The conjunction of the proposition p and q is given by
p ˄ q: Jethro is a boy and he is a grade 5 pupil.
2. Disjunction
If two simple propositions p and q are connected by the
word ‘or’, then the resulting compound proposition “p
or q” is called a disjunction of p and q and is written in
symbolic form as “p v q”.
Example:
Form the disjunction of the following simple
propositions: p: Joyce will pass all her subject. q: She
will be retained Solution:
The disjunction of the proposition p and q is given by
p v q: Joyce will pass all her subject or she will be
retained.
3. Conditional
If two simple propositions p and q are joined by a
connectivity ‘if then’, then the resulting compound
proposition “if p then q” is called a conditional
proposition or an implication and is written in
symbolic form as “p → q” . Here, p is called
hypothesis (or antecedent) and q is called conclusion
(or consequent) of the conditional proposition (p → q).
The conditional p→q may also be read “p implies q”.
Example:
If Ariel work hard then he will be successful.
If ABC is a triangle, then A + B + C = 180ᵒ.
4. Biconditional
If two proposition p and q are connected by the
connective ‘if and only if” then the resulting compound
proposition “p if and only if q” is called a biconditional
of p and q and is written in symbolic form as p ↔ q.
The proposition may also be written as “p iff q”. The
propositions p and q are the components of the
biconditional. Example:
“Two sides of a triangle are congruent if and only if
two angles opposite them are congruent.
5. Negation
An assertion that a statement fails, or denial of a
statement is called the negation of the statement. The
negative of a statement is generally formed by
introducing the word “not” at some proper place in the
statement or by prefixing the statement with “it is not
the case that” or “It is false that”. The negation of a
statement p in symbolic form is written as “~p”.
Example: Write the negation of the statement.
p: School year 2020 – 2021 will start on June 1.
Solution: The negation of p is given by
~p: School year 2020 – 2021 will not start on June 1.
or ~p: It is not the case that the school year 2020 –
2021 will start on June 1. or ~p: It is false that the
school year 2020 – 2021 will start on June 1.

Negation of the Disjunction p or q

~ (p ˅ q) means ~ p ˄ ~ q
Negation of the Disjunction p or q
~ (p ˄ q) means ~ p ˅ ~ q

Symbols
 E. ABSTRACTION
TEACHER
Okay, I believe that you have now a better
understanding about proposition and its operations.
So again, please define a proposition.
What is the difference between a simple and
compound proposition?
What are the different types of operations performed
on propositions?
EXPECTED ANSWER/STUDENTS’ RESPONSE
Yes, sir.
A proposition is a declarative sentence that is either
true or false, but not both.
Simple Proposition conveys one thought with no
connecting words while Compound Proposition
contains two or more simple propositions that are put
together using connective words.
Conjuction , Disjunction, Negation, Conditional, and
Biconditional.

That is correct. Very good!

III. EVALUATION (Indicator 10)

TEACHER EXPECTED ANSWER/STUDENTS’ RESPONSE
Now, I want you to get one whole sheet of paper and Yes, Sir.
answer the following activity.

A.Convert each compound proposition into symbols.

Let p represent the proposition “Facebook is a source
of information.” and q represent the proposition
“Social Media spread fake news.”
a. Facebook is a source of information and social
media spread fake news.
b. Facebook is not a source of information or social
media do not spread fake news.
c. It is not the case that social media spread fake
news and Facebook is a source of information.
d. If Facebook is a source of information, then social
media spread fake news.
e. Social Media spread fake news if and only if
Facebook is a source of information.
B. Let p represent the proposition “Television
network remains shut down” and q represent the
proposition “The network paid their taxes”.
Write each symbolic statement in words.
a. p v q
b. ~q ˄ p
c. p→q
d. ~ (p ˄ q)
e. ~ (q ˅ p)
Are you done answering?

If you are done, kindly exchange notebooks with

your classmate. Please do not forget to write your
name as corrector. Yes, sir.

Did everyone have a perfect score?

Very good!

Yes, sir.

V. APPLICATION
 TEACHER EXPECTED ANSWER/STUDENTS’ RESPONSE
Home Activity. Draw a Venn Diagram Showing the
relationship of the following proposition. Write the
each in statement form (1 – 3) and the symbolic form
(4 – 5), draw and shade the corresponding area in the
Venn diagram representing the operation. Use
different colors in each question.
Let A be the proposition representing “student like
HUMSS strand”
Let B be the proposition representing “student taking
SMAW strand”
Let C be the proposition representing “student
pursuing STEM strand”
1. A ˄ B
2. C ˅ A
3. ~ C
4. It is not the case that the student like HUMSS
strand or student taking SMAW strand.
5. Student like HUMSS strand and taking SMAW, or
pursuing STEM strand.

Do you have any question or clarification?

Then that is it for now, class dismiss. None, Sir.

Thank you and see you tomorrow, Sir Kerr.

Prepared By:

KERR JOHN SOBERANO

Special Science Teacher I