FPSO(Floating Production Storage Offloading)浮式生产储油卸油船,主要与三个部分组成:
上部模块、船舶系统、系泊立管系统。 2、 FPSO 特点 1) 适用环境范围广泛、应用前景好 2) 多功能集成,集中度高 3) 机动灵活、可重复利用 3、 FPSO 类型 1) 永久式转塔系泊的船形 FPSO-恶劣海况 2) 可解脱式转塔系泊的船形 FPSO-恶劣海况 3) 永久式多点系泊系统的船形 FPSO-温和海况,方向性强 4) 具有有限风标效应的船形多点系泊 FPSO-很强方向性的温和海况 5) 多点系泊系统的圆筒形 FPSO-新概念 FPSO,中等海况 4、 海工上部模块介绍 4.1、海工上部模块边界面划分 从上游的 SDV(Emergency Shutdown Valve)到模块的油、气、水出口一套顶部设备作为上 部模块的边界面 4.2、分类 1) Process Modules Separation Module-生产分离模块 Gas Compression Module-天然气压缩模块 TEG Gas Dehydration Module-三甘醇天然气脱水模块 Water Injection Module-注水模块 Chemical Injection Module-化学注入模块 Amine Gas Sweetening Module-天然气胺脱硫模块 CO2 Injection Module-二氧化碳注入系统 Inlet Manifold & pigging Module-井口管汇/刮管模块 KOD(Knock-off Drum) Module-火炬塔分离罐模块 Close/Open Drain Module-闭式/开式排放模块 2) Utility Modules Power Generation Module-发电模块 IGG module-惰气发生器模块 E-house Module-电控房模块 Heating Medium Module-伴热模块 Riser Pull-in Module-立管拖拽模块 Lay-down Area Module-物料起吊堆放模块 GTG Module-透平发动机模块 Living Quarter Module-生活区模块 4.3、各模块功能 1) Separation Module-生产分离模块 处理现场原井流体的脱气和稳定流体,分离油气水达到储存要求 测试井口生产数据 主要设备:Test Sep、Stabilization Sep、1st Stg Prod Sep、2nd Prod Sep、Electrostatic Coalescer(静电聚结器)、Electrostatic Desalt Sep、Heat-Exchanger、Hydrocyclone(水 力旋流器) 2) Gas Compression Module-天然气压缩模块 压缩产生的气体满足于销售、重新注入或输入到 TEG Dehydration Module 由气体发动机或电机驱动。高压废气应该通过气翅式翅片风扇冷却器或壳管或板式 换热器冷却 主要设备:Gas Engine、Gas Compressor、Air Cooler、Suction Scrubber(吸入洗涤器)、 Suction Bottle(吸虑瓶) 、Exhaust Silencer(排气消声器)、Discharge Bottle(放电瓶)、 Discharge Scrubber、Electric Motor、Heat Exchanger、Air In-Take Filter、Surge Tank (缓冲罐) 3) TEG Gas Dehydration Module-三甘醇天然气脱水模块(TEG-Tri-Ethylene Glycol 三乙烯基 乙二醇) 湿的气体遇到干燥的三甘醇,三甘醇会吸收其中的水分变为富乙二醇,富乙二醇 经过回流塔净化蒸馏变为稀乙二醇重新被利用 4) Water Injection Module-注水模块 This OTM is applied to re-inject the sea water or produced water into reservoir through the WI wellheads to maintain reservoir pressure balance(在蓄水池中注入海水或生产 水,维持储层压力平衡) 主 要 设 备 : Water Injection Pump 、 Filters ( 过 滤 器 )、 Deaerator ( 脱 气 器 )、 Electro-Chlorinator Package(电氯化) 5) Chemical Injection Module-化学注入模块 在井口流、入口集合管、prod sep 注入化学试剂:corrosion inhibitor(缓蚀剂)、 antifoam(消泡剂)、demulsification(破乳剂) 、pour point depressant(降凝剂) 6) Amine Gas Sweetening Module-天然气胺脱硫模块 去除酸性气体中的 CO2 或(和)H2S 主要设备:Amine Contactor Tower(胺接触塔)、Reboiler/Surge Tank(再沸器/缓冲 槽)、Reflux Accumulator(回流储液器)、Reflux Pump(回流泵)、Charcoal Filter(木 炭过滤器) 7) CO2 Injection Module-二氧化碳注入系统 主要设备:Suction Scrubber(吸入式洗涤器) 、Discharge Scrubber(放电洗涤器)、 CO2 Injection Pump、HE(Heat Exchanger 热交换器) 8) Inlet Manifold & pigging Module-井口管汇/刮管模块 接收从立管到上部模块的生产流体 向油田重新注入 CO2、Lift Gas、WI Water 为管道清洗提供清洗启动器和清管器(Provide Pig Launcher And Pig Receiver For Pipe Cleaning) 主要设备:ESD、Choke Valve(节流阀)、Pig Launcher(清管器发射器) 、Pig Receiver (清管接收器) 9) KOD(Knock-off Drum) Module-火炬塔分离罐模块 Aim to collect the relief gas from flare head to further knock-off in the Drum prior to entering to the flare tower(收集进入火炬塔前的减压气体) 主要设备:LP KOD、HP KOD、LP KOD Pump、HP KOD Pump 10) Close/Open Drain Module-闭式/开式排放模块 应用密闭排水系统将假牙排水冷凝水从罐或分离器收集到靠近的排水箱,以进一步 储存和分离 采用露天开采系统,将露天甲板或围堰的大气压力排放到开放式排水箱进行进一步 的储存和分离 11) E-house Module-电控房模块 Aim to centrally control and distribute the electrical and instrument system in air-conditioned 主要设备:Switchgear(开关设备)、Transformer(变压器)、VFD(Variable Frequency drive 变频器)、Control Panel(控制面板) 12) IGG module-惰气发生器模块 Aim to provide the inert gas for process protection 主要设备:Inert Gas Generator、Blower(鼓风机)、Deck Seal、MDO(Marine diesel oil 船用柴油?) Tank 13) GTG Module-透平发动机模块 Aim to provide the electric power supply to use in FPSO or Prod Platform; Provide the heating load from WHRU(Waste Heat Recovery Unit) 主要设备:Gas Turbine Generator(燃气涡轮发电机)、Waste Heat Recovery Unit(余 热回收单元) 14) Riser Pull-in Module-立管拖拽模块 Aim to provide the winches and sheave and trolley for Riser pull-in(目的是为立管的拉 升器提供绞车、滑轮和小车) 主要设备:Master Winch(主绞车)、Aux. Winch(附绞车)、Sheave(滑轮)、HPU (Hydraulic Power Unit 液压动力单元) 15) Heating Medium Module-伴热模块 Aim to install Heat-Exchangers and HM pumps and Surge TK 主要设备:Shell-Tube HE(管壳式热交换器)、Plate HE(板式热交换器)、Expansion Tank(膨胀水箱)、Make-up Tank(补给槽)、Pumps(泵) 16) Lay-down Area Module-物料起吊堆放模块 Aim to provide area for temporarily store the equipment and material during lifting(目 的是在提升过程中提供临时储存设备和材料的区域) 主要设备:Containers、Pedestal Crane(基座式起重机) 5、 上部模块设备介绍 5.1、Gas Engine(内燃机、气体发动机) Use natural gas as combustion recourse to provide the horsepower to rotate the gas compressor and belt-driven air-cooler(以天然气为燃烧源,提供动力旋转气体压缩机和 带式空气冷却器) 5.2、Gas Compressor(气体压缩机) Provide gas compression for gas sale,gas lift or gas dehydration(为气体销售、气举或者 天然气脱水提供气体压缩) Gas engine or elec motor driven API-618/API-617 5.3、Wellhead Desanding Cyclone Aim to remove the solids prior entering inlet manifold(进入管汇前,清除泥沙) 5.4、Pig Launcher(清管器发送筒) Aim to launch the pigs for pipe cleaning 5.5、Pig Receiver(清管接收器) Aim to receive the pigs 5.6、Plate Heat-Exchanger(板式热交换器) Aim to carry out the heat exchanging Comply with API-662,TEMA(遵循 API-662、TEMA 规范) 5.7、Shell-Tube Heat-Exchanger(管壳式交换器) Comply with API-660,TEMA and ASME VIII Div.1 5.8、Fin-Fan Air Heat-Exchanger 5.9、Process Centrifugal Pump(离心泵) Aim to transfer crude oil or produced water 5.10、Process Plunge Pump/Gear Pump/Diaphragm Pump(柱塞泵/齿轮泵/隔膜泵) 5.11、Production Separator HP/LP Separator,horizontal type,3-phrase 5.12、Electrostatic Coalescer(静电聚结器) Horizontal type used to dehydrate water from crude oil Fitted with low AC transformer & heating coils(加温盘管);Internals to be sole supply 5.13、Electrostatic Desalter(静电脱盐) Horizontal type used to desalt(脱盐) from crude oil Fitted with Elec transformer & heating coils;Internals to be sole supply 5.14、Deoiling Hydrocyclone(去油型旋流器) Horizontal type used to deoil from produced water(卧式,用于污水除油) Comply with ASME Sec VIII,Div.1 & 2,or EN13445,or BS5500,PED Fitted with Elec transformer & heating coils;Internals to be sole supply 5.15、Deaerator(脱氧罐) Vertical type used to de-aerate from sea water prior injecting to WI Wells(立式,海水进入 原井之前除氧) Comply with ASME Sec VIII,Div.1 & 2,or EN13445,or BS5500,PED Fitted with vacuum pump package;internals to be sole supply 5.16、Produced Water Filter(生产水过滤器) Vertical type applied to remove the particles from produced water(立式,去除生产水里 面的颗粒)