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Secondary 1

Science Worksheet No. 1 (3rd Term)

Unit 8: Rocks, Minerals, and Soils

1. Soil is made up of pieces of rock and minerals, humus, bacteria, fungi, and small animals.
Investigating soil drainage experiment will let you know which soil is good for growing
plants. To do this, you may use the set-up diagram below.

i) What do you call the process shown by the set-up? [ 1 ]

Infiltration

ii) Write the name of the apparatus X and Y. [ 1 ]

Flask and
Funnel___________________________________________________________________
_____

iii) The picture below shows the particle size of different soil.

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 a. Which soil can hold most of the water? Clay[1]

b. Which soil is suitable for growing plants? Gravel[1]

Explain your answer in (b).

Because it allows to absorb easily.[1]

2. Rocks do not stay the same forever. They get worn away slowly known as weathering.

i) Write the three types of weathering [ 3 ]

A. Physical weathering_____________________________________

B. Chemical weathering_____________________________________

C. .Biotic weathering_____________________________________

ii) Define and write three examples of A, B and C: [ 3 ]

A. Water goes into spaces and cracks in rocks. When water freezes, it expands and happens for
many times.
B. when rainwater attacks limestone, chemical reaction takes place.
C. Living organisms cause rocks to break apart
iii. The details of the carving on the Sphinx have been worn away.

a. Describe how and why the statue of the

Sphinx has changed since it was made. [ 3 the statue of the Sphinx has changed since it was
made because of weathering - chemical and physical
5. Differentiate the following terms. [ 5]

Magma and Lava

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Scientists use the term magma for molten rock that is underground and lava for molten rock that
breaks through the Earth's surface.

Weathering and erosion

When the smaller rock pieces (now pebbles, sand or soil) are moved by these natural forces, it is
called erosion. So, if a rock is changed or broken but stays where it is, it is called weathering. If the
pieces of weathered rock are moved away, it is called erosion.

3. The picture shows a fossil embedded in a rock.

i) What is a fossil?
Leftovers of plants and animals, turned into rock
[[1]

ii) Which type of rock are fossils found in?

Sedimentary rocks [1]

iii) Describe how fossils are made.

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 A dead organism buried in mud—> As it slowly decays, it dissolves—> Mud around in
shape turns into rock—> Minerals became rock in the organism shape.[2]

4. The diagram shows the structure of the Earth.

Study and answer the questions that follows.

Which structure contains nickel and iron? Core.

Which structure contains molten rock or magma? Mantle.

Which structure contains solid rock? Inner core. [3]