10

Technical and Livelihood Education

(Agricultural Crops Production)

Quarter 2 – Module 4
Week 4

Procedure for disposal of

Waste

What I Know
Pretest

Direction: Choose the correct answer of the given questions.

1.It is the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal, and monitoring of waste materials.
a. waste b. waste management c. landfill
2. What is called for the process of burning municipal solid waste in a properly designed furnace under
suitable temperature and operating conditions?
a. landfill b. recycling c. incineration
3. Landfill is an economic alternative for solid waste disposal and it can be implemented easily?
a. true b. false
4. Which of the following is the cheapest way to dipose of waste?
a. landfill b. recycling c. incineration
5. What is a low lying open area out of the city where garbage is collected and dumped is known as a
landfill.
a. waste b. waste management c. landfill

TRUE OR FALSE: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is wrong. Write your answer
on a separate sheet.

_______1. Another common byproduct of landfills is fuel.

_______2. Waste management is the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal, and
monitoring of waste materials.
_______3. Most common consumer products recycled include aluminum.
_______4. Landfills were often established in abandoned or used quarries, mining voids or borrow pits.
_______5. The conditions for waste materials storage and disposal frequently meet current health
requirements.

Lesson Title of the lesson:

1 Procedure for Disposal of Waste Materials

What I Need To Know

Lesson 1: Support Horticultural Work

Learning Outcome 4 : Clean up on completion of work
Learning competency: Return materials to store or dispose of according to company standard
procedure

After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, you should be able to discuss the procedures for
disposal of waste materials.

What’s In
Definition of term:

a. Waste management - is the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal, and

monitoring of waste materials.

b. Recycling - refers to the collection and reuse of waste materials such as empty beverage
containers. The materials from which the items are made can be reprocessed into new products.

What’s New
Activity No. 1

In a sheet of paper, the students should be able to write about how do they practice waste
management at home and what is the importance of doing it.

What Is It
Waste management is the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal, and monitoring
of waste materials. The term usually relates to materials produced by human activity, and is generally
undertaken to reduce their effect on health, the environment or aesthetics.

Waste management is also carried out to recover resources from it. Waste management can
involve solid, liquid, gaseous or radioactive substances, with different methods and fields of expertise for
each.

.WASTE MATERIALS

Waste materials storage and disposal

 The conditions for waste materials storage and disposal frequently do not meet current health
requirements, and cause pollution of surface and ground water, soils and air.

Most Ukrainian regions do not have any kind of areas for centralized waste materials storage and
disposal. Conditions connected with dangerous waste materials allocation and recycling are not
satisfactory. Dangerous wastes of the third and the fourth danger levels were mainly (66.6%) directed to
surface storage in 1998, and approximately 5% (4.1 million tons) of the same waste materials appeared
at areas of uncontrolled storage.
According to the State Statistical Committee data 5.3 thousand tons of the first and the second
danger levels wastes were transported to areas of uncontrolled storage and 15.4 thousand tons of the
same wastes were transported to controlled storage which did not meet current standards.
There are 109 centralized storage depots for obsolete pesticides and agrochemical storage and
approximately 5,000 depots for herbicides at agricultural enterprises.
An inventory of the location of wastes revealed 2,760 sites. These are predominately sites of slime
storage and landfills (approx. 700) of domestic and mixed waste products. The area occupied by the
wastes in accumulators and moulds of enterprises is close to 31.5 thousand hectares.
In 1998, 1.9% of the total amount of generated toxic wastes were destroyed, 66.7% were taken
to organized surface storage (for example, 22.9% that did not meet the current standards), and 4.9%
were transported to places of uncontrolled storage.

Methods of disposal

Landfill

A landfill compaction vehicle in action.

Disposing of waste in a landfill involves burying the waste, and this remains a common practice
in most countries. Landfills were often established in abandoned or unused quarries, mining voids or
borrow pits. A properly designed and well-managed landfill can be a hygienic and relatively inexpensive
method of disposing of waste materials. Older, poorly designed or poorly managed landfills can create a
number of adverse environmental impacts such as wind-blown litter, attraction of vermin, and generation
of liquid leachate. Another common byproduct of landfills is gas (mostly composed of methane and
carbon dioxide), which is produced as organic waste breaksdown anaerobically. This gas can create
odour problems, kill surface vegetation, and is a greenhouse gas..

Incineration is common in countries such as Japan where land is more scarce, as these facilities
generally do not require as much area as landfills. Waste-to-energy (WtE) or energy-from-waste (EfW)
are broad terms for facilities that burn waste in a furnace or boiler to generate heat, steam or electricity.
Combustion in an incinerator is not always perfect and there have been concerns about pollutants in
gaseous emissions from incinerator stacks. Particular concern has focused on some very persistent
organics such as dioxins, furans, PAHs which may be created which may have serious environmental
consequences.

Recycling

Recycling refers to the collection and reuse of waste materials such as empty beverage containers.
The materials from which the items are made can be reprocessed into new products. Material for
recycling may be collected separately from general waste using dedicated bins and collection vehicles,
or sorted directly from mixed waste streams.
The most common consumer products recycled include aluminum such as beverage cans, copper
such as wire, steel food and aerosol cans, old steel furnishings or equipment , polyethylene and PET
bottles, glass bottles and jars, paperboard cartons, newspapers, magazines and light paper, and
corrugated fiberboard boxes.
PVC, LDPE, PP, and PS (see resin identification code) are also recyclable. These items are
usually composed of a single type of material, making them relatively easy to recycle into new products.
The recycling of complex products (such as computers and electronic equipment) is more difficult, due
to the additional dismantling and separation required.
What’s More
The common methods of waste disposal:

1. Source of reduction and reuse

2. Animal feeding
3. Recycling
4. Composting
5. Fermentation
6. Landfills
7. Incineration
8. Land application

DISPOSAL OF WASTE MATERIALS;

1. COMPOSTING AND VERMICOMPOSTING – this method is useful for the disposal of biodegradable
waste.
2. Landfilling – a low lying open area out of the city where garbage is collected and dumped is known as
a landfill.
3. Incineration – this method is mainly used to dispose of the medical waste

What I Have Learned

Now that you have learned about disposal of waste materials, let us answer the following
questions in a separate sheet of paper.

1. How do you dispose of waste materials?

2. What are the common methods of waste disposal?
3. What are the primary methods of waste disposal?
4. What is the best method of waste disposal?
5. How do I dispose my waste?

What I Can Do
Activity A

Direction: Read carefully and Answer the following questions in a separate sheet of paper.

1. Why burning waste is not an acceptable practice of solid waste management?

2. What plan should we make to the disposal of waste?
3. What materials that can be recycled many times

SUMMARY
When waste is generated, it must be disposed of properly. Sink disposal may not always be
appropriate and may end contaminating drinking water. Alternative methods of disposal should be
considered including incineration treatment and land disposal.