Grade Level: 11 QUARTER 4

Subject: GENERAL BIOLOGY 1 WEEK 3

Subject Teacher: RAIZEL-JOY C. MACASADDUG Checked and Validated by: RENATO J. BERNARDEZ, MT II
Teacher II SHS Coordinator

TOPIC: AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
 Differentiate aerobic from anaerobic respiration (STEM_BIO11/12-IIa-j-6)
 Explain the major features and sequence the chemical events of cellular respiration
(STEM_BIO11/12-IIa-j-7)
Specifically:

1. State the importance of cellular respiration

2. Explain how respiration allows organisms to obtain energy from food
3. Compare and contrast aerobic respiration from anaerobic respiration

LECTURE AND DISCUSSION:

Cellular respiration is a complex process by which energy, in the form of ATP, is released from food molecules
ingested by organisms.
Below is the summary equation of cellular respiration:

In the past lesson, you have learned that photosynthesis happens in the chloroplast in plant cells. On the other
hand, cellular respiration takes place in mitochondria (sing.mitochondrion). It refers to as the cell’s power plant -
as a primary site of cellular respiration. It metabolizes glucose, the most common cell fuel, to generate ATP
(Adenosine triphosphate).

Figure 1. Mitochondrion

There are several processes under cellular respiration involving in the ATP formation.

Glycolysis. It occurs in the cytoplasm by which one glucose

molecule (a six-carbon compound) is broken down into two
pyruvic acid (or pyruvate) molecules (a three-carbon
compound) generating two net ATPs and 2 NADH molecules
(reduced NAD+ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide molecule).
The by-products produced in glycolysis enter the mitochondria.
A. Energy investment of 2 ATPs
B. Energy return of 4 ATPs
C. NET:
PRODUCED 4 ATPs
Figure 2. Summary of Glycolysis
USED -2 ATPs NET:2 ATPs
D. Produced 2 NADH (proceeds to the ETC)
E. Produced 2 pyruvates (proceeds to Krebs Cycle)

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 Grade Level: 11 QUARTER 4
Subject: GENERAL BIOLOGY 1 WEEK 3

There are two pathways in which ATP can be generated from pyruvic acid molecules - Aerobic and anaerobic. In
aerobic respiration, it involves the use of oxygen. It takes place in the mitochondrion’s inner matrix and in the
cristae.
Three major stages:

1. Conversion of pyruvic acid to Acetyl-CoA. The three-carbon pyruvic acid is first converted into a two-carbon
molecule or acetyl group called Acetyl- CoA. During the transformation, the pyruvic acid loses H2 and produces
CO2+ NADH + H+ (as NAD+ accepts H2).

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Grade Level: 11 QUARTER 4
Subject: GENERAL BIOLOGY 1 WEEK 3

In aerobic respiration, the theoretical yield of ATP harvested from

glucose is 38 molecules. This is reduced to 36 in eukaryotes because it takes 1 ATP to transport each NADH
molecule that is generated by glycolysis inside the cytoplasm into the mitochondria.

On the other hand, Anaerobic respiration. The term closely related to this is fermentation which is the breakdown
of pyruvic acid without the use of oxygen.

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Grade Level: 11 QUARTER 4
Subject: GENERAL BIOLOGY 1 WEEK 3

ENHANCEMENT ACTIVITY/ OUTCOME:

Activity 1: Fill It In!
Directions: Fill in the charts below with the proper data. Write your answer on your answer sheets.

POST ASSESSMENT:
Multiple Choice. Read the sentences or questions carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the
letter of your choice in a separate sheet of paper.

1. What end product do yeasts produce in fermentation of glucose?

A. ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide.
B. lactic acid and carbon dioxide.
C. lactic acid and oxygen.
D. ethyl alcohol and oxygen.

2. The presence of lactic acid in the cells of an animal’s muscle tissue is an

indication that the
A. animal carries on a complex form of respiration during daylight
hours.
B. animal is not adapted to the use of glucose.
C. number of mitochondria in the muscle cells has increased.
D. muscle cells have been active during a period of oxygen
deficiency.
3. How many ATPs are used or consumed in the process of glycolysis?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

4. Aerobic cellular respiration requires an adequate supply of .

A. carbon dioxide.
B. oxygen.
C. ethyl alcohol.
D. starch

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Grade Level: 11 QUARTER 4
Subject: GENERAL BIOLOGY 1 WEEK 3

5. One molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate as a result
of the .
A. light reactions of photosynthesis.
B. process of glycolysis.
C. digestion of a protein.
D. diffusion of water across a membrane

6. Water is produced at the end of

A. the Krebs cycle.
B. lactic acid fermentation.
C. the electron transport chain.
D. photosynthesis.

7. What gas is given off during cellular respiration?

A. oxygen
B. methane
C. hydrogen
D. carbon dioxide
8. The first stage of cellular respiration is called .
A. glycolysis
B. the Krebs cycle
C. the Calvin cycle
D. oxidative respiration

9. What is the end product of glycolysis?

A. CO2
B. acetyl-CoA
C. lactate
D. pyruvate

10. The final output of the Krebs cycle includes all of the following EXCEPT .
A. NADP
B. FADH2
C. ATP
D. CO2
11. What substance is produced by the conversion of pyruvate before entering into
the citric acid cycle?
A. pyruvate
B. glucose
C. acetyl-CoA
D. O2

12. What role does O2 play in aerobic respiration?

A. it combines with acetyl-CoA at the start of the Krebs cycle
B. it is the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain
C. it is given off as a by-product during the conversion of pyruvate
oxidation
D. it combines with H2O to help drive the ADP-ATP formation

13. During aerobic respiration, FADH2 is produced in .

A. Glycolysis
B. the Krebs cycle

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Grade Level: 11 QUARTER 4
Subject: GENERAL BIOLOGY 1 WEEK 3

C. the electron transport chain

D. fermentation

14. The term anaerobic means .

A. without bacteria
B. without CO2
C. witho
ut O2 D
with O2

15. The overall equation for the aerobic cellular respiration of glucose is .
A. CO2 + H2O → C6H12O6 + O2 + ATP + Heat
B. C6H12O6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O + ATP + Heat
C. C6H12O6 → Lactic acid + ATP + Heat
D. C6H12O6 à CO2 + Ethyl alcohol + ATP + Heat

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