“Engineering Drawing: Orthographic

Projections”
 Principles of Orthographic
Projections- Conventions
➢ Practical Solid Geometry or Descriptive Geometry
(3D) deals with the representation of points, lines,
planes of the SOLID object on a sheet of paper
(2D)
o3D – 2D or vice versa
oEngineering Drawing
➢ True forms and Relative positions should be
accurate – Engineering + Drawing
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 Four methods of Projection
oOrthographic Projections
oIsometric Projection
oOblique Projection
oPerspective Projection

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 Orthographic Projections
➢ Why do we need to study Orthographic
Projection?
➢ Or for that matter other Projection methods
➢ especially for Mechanical Engineering

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 Why do we need to study Orthographic Projection?

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 Why do we need to study Orthographic Projection?

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 Why do we need to study Orthographic Projection?

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 Why do we need to study Orthographic Projection?

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 Why do we need to study Orthographic Projection?

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 Why do we need to study Orthographic Projection?

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 Why do we need to study Orthographic Projection?

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 Why do we need to study Orthographic Projection?

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 Why do we need to study Orthographic Projection?

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 Principles of Orthographic
Projections- Conventions
➢ Orthographic Projections
➢ Projectors are parallel to each other and
➢ Perpendicular to the plane of projection

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 Isometric Projection
▪ 3D Pictorial Projection
▪ Three dimensions of the solid in one Single View
▪ Actual Sizes can be obtained directly from it

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 Isometric Projection
▪ 3D Pictorial Projection
▪ Three dimensions of the solid in one Single View
▪ Actual Sizes can be obtained directly from it

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 Orthographic Projection
- Isometric Projection

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 Orthographic Projection
- Isometric Projection

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 Orthographic Projection
- Isometric Projection

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 Oblique Projection

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 Oblique Projection

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 Oblique Projection

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 Oblique Projection

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 Perspective Projection

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 Perspective Projection

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 Perspective Projection

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 Perspective Projection

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 Perspective Projection

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 Principles of Orthographic
Projections- Conventions
➢ Orthographic Projections
➢ Projectors are parallel to each other and
➢ Perpendicular to the plane of projection

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 Orthographic Projections of Solids

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 Orthographic Projections of Solids

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 Orthographic Projections of Planes

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 Orthographic Projections of Planes

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 Orthographic Projections of Lines

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 Orthographic Projections of Lines

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 Orthographic Projections of Points

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 Principles of Orthographic
Projections- Conventions
➢ Orthographic Projections
➢ Projectors are parallel to each other and
➢ Perpendicular to the plane of projection

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 Reference planes
➢ Horizontal Plane (HP)
➢ Vertical Plane (VP)
➢ Side or Profile Plane (PP)

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 Reference planes
➢ Horizontal Plane (HP)
➢ Vertical Plane (VP)
➢ Side or Profile Plane (PP)

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 Reference planes
➢ Horizontal
Plane (HP)
➢ Vertical Plane
(VP)
➢ Side or Profile
Plane (PP)

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 Different views
➢ Front View (FV) –
Projected on VP
➢ –Top View (TV)
–Projected on HP
➢ –Side View (SV) –
Projected on PP

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 Different views
➢ Front View (FV) –
Projected on VP
➢ –Top View (TV)
–Projected on HP
➢ –Side View (SV) –
Projected on PP

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 Different views
➢ Front View (FV) –Projected on VP
➢ –Top View (TV) –Projected on HP
➢ –Side View (SV) –Projected on PP

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 Angle of Projection

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 Angle of Projection

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 Angle of Projection

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 Angle of Projection

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 First Angle of Projection

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 Third Angle of Projection

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 Angle of Projection

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 Projection of Points
➢ The Point is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Points
➢ The Point is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Points
➢ The Point is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Points
➢ The Point is in the SECOND QUADRANT

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 Projection of Points
➢ The Point is in the SECOND QUADRANT

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 Projection of Points
➢ The Point is in the SECOND QUADRANT

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 Projection of Points
➢ The Point is in the THIRD QUADRANT

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 Projection of Points
➢ The Point is in the THIRD QUADRANT

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 Projection of Points
➢ The Point is in the THIRD QUADRANT

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 Projection of Points
➢ The Point is in the FOURTH QUADRANT

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 Projection of Points
➢ The Point is in the FOURTH QUADRANT

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 Projection of Points
➢ The Point is in the FOURTH QUADRANT

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 Projection of Points

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 Projection of Points

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 Projection of Points

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and perpendicular to one of the
Reference Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and perpendicular to one of the
Reference Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and perpendicular to one of the
Reference Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and perpendicular to one of the
Reference Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Horizontal
Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Horizontal
Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Horizontal
Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Horizontal
Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Horizontal
Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Horizontal
Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Vertical
Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Vertical
Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Vertical
Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Vertical
Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Vertical
Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Vertical
Planes

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 Projection of Lines
➢ The Line is in the FIRST QUADRANT and inclined to the Vertical
Planes

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Thank You.....