SPM 2012 Telecommunication and

Networking

Internet

JABATAN MULTIMEDIA PENDIDIKAN

200607

„ Introduction
„ Internet Infrastructure
„ Internet Protocols
„ Internet Applications

© JMP, UTM 2

Introduction
What is Internet

„ A global collection of network

„ The Internet is a network of

networks, linking computers to
computers sharing the TCP/IP
protocols.

© JMP, UTM 3

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 Introduction
What is Internet

„ It is a "network of networks" that

consists of millions of smaller
domestic, academic, business,
and government networks, which
together carry various
information and services :
… electronic mail,
… online chat,
… file transfer,
… interlinked Web pages and
other documents of the World
Wide Web.

© JMP, UTM 4

Internet Infrastructure

A Hierarchy of Networks
„ From a single computer to LAN
„ From LAN to ISP
„ ISP to WWW

MyIX ?

© JMP, UTM 5

Internet Infrastructure

ISP : Internet service provider

Malaysian ISP’s

© JMP, UTM 6

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 Internet Access
Via
„ dial-up,
„ landline (over coaxial cable, fiber optic or copper wires),
„ T- lines,
„ WiFi / WiMAX
„ satellite
„ GPRS, EDGE
„ cell phones

© JMP, UTM 7

Internet Infrastructure
Internet protocol

„ Every machine on the Internet has a unique

identifying number, called an IP Address.
„ The IP stands for Internet Protocol, which is
the language that computers use to
communicate over the Internet.
„ A protocol is the pre-defined way that someone
who wants to use a service talks with that
service. The "someone" could be a person, but
more often it is a computer program like a Web
browser.
© JMP, UTM 8

INTERNET Infrastructure

Internet protocol
„ A typical IP address looks like this:
„ 216.27.61.137
„ To make it easier for us humans to remember,
IP addresses are normally expressed in
decimal format as a dotted decimal number
like the one above.
„ But computers communicate in binary form.
Look at the same IP address in binary:
11011000.00011011.00111101.10001001

© JMP, UTM 9

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Internet Infrastructure

What is the meaning of

161.139.52.254 ?

© JMP, UTM 10

Internet Infrastructure

TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, the
suite of communications protocols used to connect
hosts on the Internet. TCP/IP uses several protocols,
the two main ones being TCP and IP.
TCP/IP is used by the Internet, as the de facto
standard for transmitting data over networks.

© JMP, UTM 11

Internet Infrastructure

TCP/IP
„ TCP/IP (Internet) Applications

… World Wide Web's Hypertext Transfer Protocol

(HTTP)
… Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
… File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
… Telnet (Telnet) which lets you logon to remote
computers
… Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
… VoIP
… IPTV…..

© JMP, UTM 12

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Internet Terms

‰ Domain Name System (DNS)

The Internet naming scheme which consists of a
hierarchical sequence of names, from the most
specific to the most general (left to right), separated by
dots : example ?
‰ IP (Internet protocol)
The Internet standard protocol that provides a
common layer over dissimilar networks, used to move
packets among host computers and through gateways
if necessary.
… IP Address
The numeric address of a computer connected to the
Internet; also called Internet address.

© JMP, UTM 13