EXPERIMENT 1

NAME:ARITRA DAS ROLL NUMBER: BTECH/10216/18

BRANCH: ECE SECTION: A
FIBER OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LAB

AIM: Setting up a fiber Optic Analog Link

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this experiment is to study a 660nm/950nm Fiber Optic

Analog Link. In this experiment you will study the relationship between input and received
signal.

THEORY: Fiber Optics Links can be used for transmission of digital as well as analog
signals. Basically, a fiber optic link contains three main elements, a transmitter, an optical
fiber and a receiver. The transmitter module takes the input signal in electrical form and
then transforms it onto optical energy containing the same information. The optical fiber is
the medium, which carries this energy to the receiver. At the receiver the light is converted
back into electrical form with the same pattern as originally fed to the transmitter.
Transmitter
Fiber Optics transmitters typically composed of a buffer, driver and optical source. The
buffer electronics provides both an electrical connection and isolation between transmitter
and the electrical system supplying data. The driver electronics provides electrical power to
the optical source in a fashion that duplicates the pattern of data being fed to the
transmitter. Finally, the optical source converts the electrical current to light energy with
the same pattern.
Receiver
The function of the receiver is to convert the optical energy into electrical form, which is
then conditioned to reproduce the transmitted electrical signal in its original form. The
detector SFH250V used in this kit has a diode type output. The parameters usually
considered in the case of the detector are its responsibility at peak wavelength and
response time. SFH250V has responsivity of about 4uA per 10uW of incident optical energy
at 950 nm and it has a rise and fall time of 0.01u sec.
  EQUIPMENTS:
 FOL-B-P kit
 Dual channel Oscilloscope
 1 Meter Fiber cable
 Power supply

BLOCK DIAGRAM
OBSERVATION :

Observation Table for Fiber Optic Analog Link-

Frequency(Hz) Input Output Gain(dB)
voltage(Vpp) Voltage(Vout)
100 2V 1.75V -1.16
500 2V 1.75V -1.16
1k 2V 1.75V -1.16
5k 2V 1.75V -1.16
10k 2V 1.75V -1.16
20k 2V 1.75V -1.16
50k 2V 1.75V -1.16
100k 2V 1.75V -1.16
200k 2V 1.75V -1.16
500k 2V 1.75V -1.16
1M 2V 1V -6.02
1.5M 2V 0.6V -10.45
2M 2V 0.36V -14.89
2.5M 2V 0.2V -20.00
3M 2V 0.15V -22.49
GRAPH:

Frequency(Hz)

RESULT AND DISCUSISON:

In this experiment we observed the input/ output relationship of a Fiber Optic

analog and digital link for different frequencies.
We also find the 3 dB frequency which was -4.16 dB at 1.7 MHz and represents
the electrical bandwidth.
We also find the 6 dB frequency which was -7.16 dB at 2 MHz and represents
the optical bandwidth
AIM: Setting up a fiber Optic Analog Link

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this experiment is to study a 660nm/950nm Fiber Optic

Digital Link. In this experiment you will study how digital signal can be transmitted over
fiber cable and reproduce at the receiver end.

THEORY:: In the experiment 1 we have seen how analog signal can be transmitted and
received using LED fiber and detector. The same LED, fiber and detector can be configured
for the digital applications to transmit binary data over fiber. Thus, basic elements of the
link remain same even for digital applications.
Transmitter
LED digital DC coupled transmitter are one of the most popular variety due to their ease of
use. We have used standard TTL gate to make NPN transistor, which modulates the LED
SFH450V or SFH756V source (Turns it ON and OFF).
Receiver
There are various methods to configure detectors to extract digital data. Usually, detectors
are linear nature. We have used a photodetector SFH551V having TTL type output. Usually,
it consists of PIN photodiode, transimpedance amplifier and level shifter.

EQUIPMENTS:
 FOL-B-P kit
 Dual trace Oscilloscope
 1 Meter Fiber cable
 Power supply
 BLOCK DIAGRAM

OBSERVATION
Observation Table for Fiber Optic Digital Link-
Frequency(Hz Duty Cycle T on T off T total
)
1k 50% 0.5ms 0.5ms 1ms
20k 56% 28us 22us 50us
50k 60% 12us 8us 20us
100k 65% 6.5us 3.5us 10us