Assignment 1

1b
Two engines are to operate on Otto cycle and Diesel cycles respectively with the following
data:
Maximum temperature = 1500K
Exhaust temperature = 700K
Ambient conditions = 1 bar & 300K
Compare: (a) The compression ratios, (b) Maximum pressures, (c) Efficiencies of the two
engines
Answer:
Given:
T1 = 300K, P1 = 1 bar = 100kPa, T3 = 1500K, T4 = 700K
Assumption:
The ideal Otto cycle an Diesel cycle are considered. The air-standard assumptions are
applicable. Kinetic energy and potential energy are negligible. The variation of specific heats
with temperature is to be accounted for.
From table A-2: Cp for air is 1.005 kJ/kg·K, Cv for air is 0.718 kJ/kg·K, and γ = 1.4

Otto cycle:
a.

T 3 V 4 γ−1 γ−1
=( ) =r v
T4 V 3
1500
=r v 1.4−1
700
r v =6.72
b.
1-2 isentropic compression

T 2 V 1 γ −1 γ−1
=( ) =r v
T1 V 2

T 2=T 1 r v γ −1

T 2=300(6.72)1.4−1
T 2=642.8 K
 P2 V 1 γ γ
=( ) =r v
P1 V 2
P2 1.4
=6.72 ; P2 = 1.440MPa
100 kPa
2-3 constant volume ignition
P 3 V 3 P2 V 2
= ; where V2= V3
T3 T2
P 3 P2 T3
= ; P3=P2
T3 T 2 T2
P3 = 1.44MPa x 1500K/642.8K
P3 = 3.36MPa

3-4 isentropic expansion

P3 V 4 γ γ
=( ) =r v
P4 V 3
3.36 MPa
=(6.72)1.4
P4
P4 = 233kPa
Maximum pressure at P3 = 3.36MPa
c.
1
nth , otto=1−
r v γ−1
1
nth , otto=1−
6.721.4−1
nth , otto=0.533∨53.3 %

Diesel cycle:
a.
T4= β γT1
700= β 1.4(300)
β =1.83

T 3=βT 1 r v γ −1

1500=1.83∙ 300 r v 1.4−1

r v =12.34
b.
 P2 V 1 γ γ
=( ) =r v
P1 V 2
P2=100 kPa ∙ 15.341.4
P2=4.57 MPa

2-3 constant pressure heating

P2=P3 = 4.57Mpa

Maximum pressure is 4.57Mpa

c.

β γ −1
nth , diesel =1−
γ ( β−1) r v γ −1
1.831.4 −1
nth , diesel =1−
1.4 (1.83−1)12.341.4−1
nth , diesel =0.581∨58.1 %

Cycle Otto Diesel

Compression ratio, rv 6.72 12.34
Maximum pressure 3.36Mpa 4.57Mpa
Efficiency 53.3% 58.1%