ermanent tyre

Explain nin the Important considerations in

the import damage. Model Paperd, MD)
calculation of truck production.
OR
t iis
aat the cycle time In trucks and calculate Mov16, 3e4, 046)
the truck
producton.
OR
ant
What is meant by cycle time in trucks and how do you calculate the truck production?
nSwer : OctNov-17,Set3, 04(b)

Factors o
considered in calculation if truck production,
Number of Bucket Loads
Calculate the number of excavator bucket loads required to load the truck.

Balanced number of bucket loads Tnuck volume

Bucket volume
The number of bucket loads should be an integer

Load Time and Volume of Truck Load

The bucket volume should match with the truck volume to make the number of bucket loads an integer.Butin reali.
the number ot
loading lime gelting wasted in filling the bucket. In case of steep grades poor haul road conditions,
is or
bucket loads should be less and the truck load volume is the product of bucket volume and number of loads.

cHaulTime
To increase, the efficiency of hauling the following factors should be considered,
)High sate sped
() One-way trallie al1gnment and
qii) Appropriate gear.
Hauling time is given by.
Haul distance(ft)
Hauling time (min) Haul speed (mph)
NW fpm/mph
chart helps in estimating the haul travel speeds
which are based on the total weight
The truck manufacture 's performance area to dumping area.
and grade resistance from loading
of the truck with the load. rolling

d) Return Time
chart is used in determining the retum time. It depends on weight of empty truck,
The truck manufacture's performance
area to loading
area.
resistance from dumping
rolling and grade
Retum dis tan ce (f)
Retum time (min)= Haul speed (mph)
8 fpm 'mph
) Dump Time
tactors.
the following
Dump time is based
on

() Type of hauling unit

(u) Traftic in the dump area

(n) Other conditions in the dump arca.

time Unfavourable dump
Hauling unit
Favourable dump
(min) (min)
0.7 5
1. Rear dump truck 1.5
0.3
2. Bottom dump truck
ENGINEERING STODENT - SIA GROUP
ANONE JOuAL FOR

UNTU-KAKIN
3.14 MANAGEMENT

AND
(0 Truck Cycle Tlme CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

called as
truck cycle tim
The summation of load time return
timer (r) is
and
(), (d)
Truck cycle time (T)-{,+hauling
timed
time (h), dump ump

Number of Trucks h,* d,1,

The number of
Requtred
trucks required to cary the load to achieve apacity.
Balanced number of ucks
trucks uck cycletime (min)
O

(h) Produeei. Excavator cycle ime (m

The number of
trucks should be an integer.
ther
ontr

( When the integer number of trucks is lower than the balancs mber oftrucks, 12/15
the trucks i.e..

Production- Truck loadNumber of trucks

x
Truckcycle time t oftrucks, then the loading equipme
WhenControlthe integer number of trucks is greater than the balanced number
hr
Production =Truck load (lcy) x Excavator cycle time (hr)
Emcency
As the hauling distance increase the efñiciency of the production also increasesu reuired.
o n s t a n t . E f i c i e n c y also depends on the o t h e r factors like bunching and condition or u

Adjusted production = Production x Working time (min /hr)

60 min
03A Discnee ahout the rear dumn truck and its sianificance.
 Viort
compacting
1hind the retaining walls cohesionless soils. These vibrators effectively compe sO
salable (where the soil is confined).
S7.
oiscuss varlous types of compaction rollers and mentlon their suitabiliy.
AMWer
Model Par
are classified as
follows,
Rollers
Pagumatic Tyred Rollers

the soil by the used in compaction of base

s
These type
embankment
of rollers
1or compact
highways etc.
kneading action. These rollers are

Seitability of Rollers

It is suitable for the soil type such as sands, gravels silts and clayey soils.

Smooth Wheeled Rollers

These type of rollers provide static compression to the soil. They are used in road construction, ctc.
Sultability of Rollers
of highways
These are suitable for compacting granular base courses, crushed rocks and sands for construction

(e)Grid Rollers
This is a towed unit, which weights about 55 kN to 110 kN.

Suitability of Rollers

It is suitable for compacting soils such as silts and wet clay.

Sheeps-foot-Rollers

and tamping. It is used in core of earth dams.

This type of roller compacts the soil by kneading
Suitability of Rollers
for granular soils.
It is suitable for clayey and cohesive soils, but unsuitable

038 Ewniain the working of,

 (i) CPM.
PERT
(a) PERT is abbreviated as Program Evaluation and Review Techniques, which is applicable to any area which requirs
planning, controlling and integrated work efforts in order to attain the established goals.
(6) PERT is a network technique which provides statistical information about he uncertainties of computation time for differem
ame activities which anre related with thie
project.
(c) ts an event-oriented method.
() CPM
(a) CPM stands for "Critical Path Method" and it is an activity-oriented method.
(b)
(c)
t isa network
h
techaigue used for controling and planning all the series
consists of different activities and it can be seen from network diagram.
of operations logically for project completion
(d) These network operations which take time to carry out, and on which resources can be expended and it even
leads
increase the progressof management projects.
a36. What are the objectives and functlons of construction management?
 constructon Planning
UNIT-1

Interfering Ploat
are the different bypes of floats Involved | 4.
float which c a u s e s
reduction in lloat
of total
t is that part
I nC P M ?

of successot activitics.
Nov.-16, Set-1, 02[a)
Inf,- TF,-F
Floas

s
represent the flexibility in scheduling. The Note
F Hoatsis useful for the management in representing IFS FFS TF The
scheduling.
e d resources and fexibility of the schedule and flexibility in
floats, slack represents is used
de t0which the resourees will be utilized on different Lake and floats is that slack
erteni
difierence between
slack
basic
whereas float is applied for activities. and
ctivities.

for events
critical activities cannot be scheduled later than their
ofline-of-balance
uses
The
time, without delaying the project turation. So
Q53. What are the speciflc
project planning?
lustrate
r l i e s tschedulet
t s advantages
In
hot exhibit. anyflexibility in scheduling. But flexibility a n s w e r with
suitable example.
your
dey scheduling the non-critical activities of the project
eristsi
Answer
For critical activities zero

Uses of Line-of-Balance
Method
activities non-zero. concepts
For noncritical . I n construction industry the general and
are applied on planning
pes ofPloets of line-of-balance
scheduling methods.
. Total Float
mass housing,
tunnels and
amount of time by which completion of an n high-rise buildings,
Jt is the method is used for
the execution
can be delayed beyond the earliest expected highways. This
sctivity
completion time without affecting the overall project of repetitive unit projects.weakness and focusing8
of
In deciding the
duration time. areas
3. which require
planner on products,line-of-balance
the attention of
TF, -(4-E)- immediate action is carried óut by
Where, method.
project
of activity (G,) the progress of
-Total float a
TF, To developa report on
status of
L,-Latest time ofeventj current status and final
which shows the
oroduction with respect to
objectives.
Earliest time of event i
E, -

Line-of-Balance in project planning

Advantages of
,Time estimate of activity (G). it shows the problems
Before finishing the project,
1 Free Float corrected by their managers.
acing and will be
the completion of an activity the production control
It is the time by which The problems created at
finish time without 2.
can be delayedbeyond the earliest oints is shown by this
method. This allows to
start of a subsequent activity.
affecting the earliest specify the slippages
occurred by their managers.

it enables the
F, 1-5)-, 3. In the middle of the contract,
can they
managers to see if they coptinue
working,
Where, not.
contract.schedule or
the
FE,-Free float ofactivity (Gi.N meet
the work
E-Earliest time of eventj 4. In the modern construction period,
continuity of Labor ganggs and production rate with
i
Earliest time of event by this method.
E, -

no wastage will be controlled

(i).
Time estimate ofactivity Example
Independent Float In the construction ofa hOuse, substructure, superstructure
can be
of an activity and finishing are the three activities involved. Let us assume that
It which the start
is the time by the
activities, assuming that the three activities will take 10, 20 and 15 days for a single
house
delayed without affecting latest finish time.
finished at its time taken to provide for the margin of error
receding activity has respectively."
is taken as zero. for completion of these operations, the time buffer is generally
Negative float
kept in between days in this
two activities. Let the buffer be 5
F, 45-4)- case. Thus 55 days aré needed to complete the construction of aa
Where, single house (10+5+20+5+15-55 days). It is also believed that
F- Independent
float
ofactivity (4,/) one house is completed every fifth day from now i.e., on 60th

E-Earliest time ofeventj day the second house and on 65 day the third house and so on.

i
Thus the tenth house is completed on 100 day. This process is
L,-Latesttime ofevent called as Rate of construction.
-Time of activity (./).
estimate

JOUNnAL FOR
ENaMEERNOSTODENTS SIA GROUP
LANONE