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1.(D) Electric flux for any surface is defined as


 E  ds
q
As flux through the cube 
0
1 q 1 q
Flux through each face  So, flux through the face ABCD 
6 0 6 0
The options (A), (B) and (C) are dimensionally incorrect, so they cannot be answers.
2.(A) Work done  q ( V )
2 1
2  20 V   
20 10
 0.1V V  

3.(D) Let charge q be placed at mid-point of line AB as shown below

x x
Also, AB  x [say]  AC  , BC 
2 2
1 Qq 1 QQ Q
For the system to be in equilibrium, FQq  FQQ  0   0 or q
4 0 ( x / 2)2 4 0 x 2 4

1 q1q 2  1 q1q3  q1  q2 q  q q 
4.(B) F  i  sin  i  cos  j   Fx    3 sin   ; F x   2  3 sin 
4 0 2 4  2   4 0  b 2 2 2 2
b 0 a a   b a 
q
5.(A) Net flux  in   
qin  0 net flux  0 2  1  
0
6.(C) Potential at P = Potential due to charge on surface of shell + potential due to charge Q at a distance of
R/2.
kq kQ kq 2kQ 1  q 2Q 
Vp        
R R /2 R R 4 0  R R 

kq1 q 2 kq 2
7.(D) Initially F  (repulsive)

r2 r2
When a third conductor is connected with B, they share equal charges (As conductors are similar in size).
q q
So, charge on B is , and on IIIrd conductor .
2 2
When IIIrd conductor touches C, charge is equally shared,
q
q
 C has a charge of 2  3q finally
2 4
 q  3 
k   q
 2   4  kq 2 3 3
 Force of repulsion is F          F
2
r r2 8 8
8.(D) At closest distance, all of KE becomes PE of system.
1 kQq
 mv 2  … (i)
2 r
When speed is 2v,
1 2 kQq
2
m 2v    r
… (ii)

Dividing equation (i) by equation (ii), we have,

Physics | Electrostatics 31 Workbook - 4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

1 r r
  r'
4 r 4
9.(B) The system is in equilibrium net force on any charge will be zero.
Consider any corner’s charge,
2kQ 2 kQ 2
Resultant of all three forces is 
a2 2
 2a 
This must be balanced by attraction of charge at centre.
kQq kQq

1  a2 / 2
 2a 
2 
 
2kQq 2kQ 2 kQ 2
On solving, we get :  
a2 a2 2a 2
Q Q Q  1 1 Q
2q  2Q 
2
 q 
2

4
 Q

 
 2 4 4


1 2 2 

10.(D) Electric field due to a charged conducting sheet of surface charge density  is given by E  .
0r
Where, 0 is the permittivity in vacuum and r is the relative permittivity of medium.
Q
Here, electrostatic force on B, QE  . In equilibrium,
0er
Q Q
T cos   mg and T sin   . Thus, tan    tan   
0r 0r mg
11.(A) Suppose that at point B, net electric field is zero due to charges 8q and  2q .
 8q ˆ 
1 1  2q ˆ
E BO  i , E BA 
  i
4 0 a 2 4 0 a  L 2
 
 
According to condition, E BO  E BA  0
1 8q 1 2q 2 1
  or  or 2a  2 L  a or 2L   a
4 0 a 2 4 0 a  L 2 a aL
 
Thus, at distance 2L from origin, net electric field will be zero.
12.(B) V A  Potential due to charge  q on ring A + Potential due to charge  q on ring B

1 q q 
   
4 0  R 
R2  d2 

1  q q 
Similarly, VB     . Potential difference, V  V
A B
4 0  R 
R2  d 2 

1q q  1  q q 
      
4 0  R 
R 2  d 2  4 0
 R 
R2  d 2 
 
1 q 1 q 1 1 1 q 1 q q 
       
4 0 R 4 0 R 4 0 R 2  d 2 4 0 R 2  d 2 2 0  R R  d2
2 
 
13.(C) When the two conducting spheres are connected by a conducting wire, charge will flow from one sphere
(having higher potential) to other (having lower potential) till both acquire the same potential.
V E1 r2 2
Therefore, E      2 :1
r E2 r1 1

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 Vidyamandir Classes

14.(A) Since, V2  V1 , so electric field will point from plate 2 to plate 1.

The electron will experience an electric force, opposite to the direction of electric field and hence move
towards the plate 2. Use work-energy theorem to find speed of electron when it strikes the plate 2.
m ev 2

2
 
 0  e V2  V1 . Where, v is the required speed.

9.11  10 31 2 1.6  10 19  40

 v  1.6  10 19  20 or v   2.65  106 ms 1
2 9.11  10 31
15.(C) In a non-uniform electric field, the dipole
may experience both non-zero torque as well
as translational force.
For example, as shown in figure

F1  F2 as E is non-uniform.
Torque would also be non-zero.
V V V ˆ V d  20  40 x
16.(D) E  iˆ  ˆj  k  Ex     
x y z x dx  x 2  4  2
2

x 4 
10
V m
 E x at x  4 m 
9
17.(D) Direction of E reverses while magnitude remains same and V remains unchanged.
18.(B) Potential at A due to charge at O,

VA 
1 10  
3
1

10  3

1

10 2

4 0 OA 4 0 2 2 4 0 2

 2   2
Potential at B due to charge at O,

VB 
1

10   3
1

10 
3
So, V A  VB  0
4 0 OB 4 0 2
19.(A) For uniformly charged spherical shell,
Q
E  0, rR  , rR
4 0r 2
20.(B) Work done by conservative force does not depend on the path, Because electrostatic force is a
conservative force.
r1 Q
r 4 r 2dr
21.(C) E 4 r 2 
0 R 4  E 
Qr12
1
0 4 0 R 4

22.(D)    
W  QdV  Q Vq  V p   100  1.6  10 19  4  10   100  1.6  10 19  14   2.24  10 16 J
 
23.(A) Resultant on Q becomes zero only when q charges are of negative nature.
1 Q Q qQ Q Q
 F   2 
2
4 0 2
d 2d 2
 2d 
Q Q Q
 2 q  ;  q  or  2 2
2 2 2 q

Physics | Electrostatics 33 Workbook - 4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

 q   k  dq
24.(C) Linear charge density,   
 r

 ;


E 
 dE sin    ˆj   0  r2
 
sin   ˆj

k  qr k q  1 q 
E 
r 2 0 r d  sin    ˆj   r 2  0 sin  d    ˆj   4 0 r 2  cos 0   ˆj 
25.(B) By Gauss’s law, the total charge up to distance r can be calculated as followed
r
5 r  5 r3  5 r3 
dq  4 r 2  dr  0     40  r 2   dr  q  4 0  r 2   dr
 4 R  4

R 

4

R 


0

kq 1 1 5  r3  r 4   r 5 r 
As electric field intensity, E    4 0      0   
r2 4 0 r 2 4  3  4R  4  3 R 
    0  

26.(A) Initial potential energy of the system, U i 

2kqQ

 
2k q Q

1

2qQ 
1 
1 

a 5a 4 0 a  5 
Final potential energy of the system, U f  0
By conservation law of energy, Gain in KE = Loss in PE
1 2qQ  1 
K   1  
4 0 a  5 
d
27.(C) Electric field, E     2ar
dr
q
By Gauss’ theorem, 
E 4r 2   0
 q   8  0ar 3

dq dq dr  1 

dV

dr

dV

 24 0ar 2 
 4 r 2

    6 0a


28.(D) At any instant,
T cos   mg ...(i)
2
kq
T sin   Fe  ...(ii)
x2
kq 2
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get ;  mg tan 
x2
mg x  x
 q2    x2  tan   
k 2l  2 l
mg 3 dq 3mg 2 dx
 q2  x ...(iii)  2q  x
2kl dt 2kl dt
1/2 1/2
 mg 3  dq 3mg 2   mg 3  
 2 x   x v  q   x    vx 1/2  constant  v  x 1/2
 2kl  dt 2kl 
  2kl  
kQ
29.(C) Electric field inside the uniformly charged sphere varies linearly, E   
 r , r  R , while outside the
R3
kQ
sphere, it varies as inverse square of distance, E  
, r R  which is correctly represented in
r2
option (C).
3 kq
30.(D) For a solid insulating sphere, potential at centre is Vcentre  and potential at surface is
2 R
kq
Vsurface  . So, change in potential energy when charge q is taken from centre to surface is.
R

Physics | Electrostatics 34 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

4
 kq 3 kq   q  1 R 3 q R 2
3
U  U f  U i  q V f  Vi  q 
   
 R 2 R 




2 4 0

R

6 0
So, statement 1 is incorrect, while Statement 2 is correct.   
E n  r / 30
31.(D) Let an element of length dx, charge dq is at distance x from point O.
dq Q
dV  k Where, dq  dx
x L
Q
  dx
2 L kdq 2L  L  Q 2L  1 
 
 V 
L x

L x

4 0 L L
  dx
x 
 
Q 2L Q Q  2 2L  Q
  log e x 
4 0 L  L

4 0 L
 log e 2 L  log e L    log e
4 0 L 

L  4 0 L
ln 2  
q 
2kq  
2 y
32.(B) F net  2F cos   F net     
2
 2 2 y  a2 2
 y a 
 
[negative sign indicates that net force is acting towards the mean position]
q
2 kq   y
2
  kq 2y
F net     y
3/2
a3
y  a2
2
 
33.(C) As we know, potential difference V A  VO is dV   Edx
2
VA 2 x3 
30 x dx ; V A  VO   30   2   10  23  0 3    10  8   80 J  

V0
dV  
0   3 
 





34.(A) Field lines should originate from positive charge and terminate to negative charge. Thus, (B) and (C) are
not possible. Electric field lines cannot form corners as shown in (D) Thus, correct option is (A).
35.(C) Potential at the surface of the charged sphere
KQ
V0 
R
KQ
V  ,r R
r
KQ
 (3 R 2  r 2 ); for r  R
2R 3
KQ 3 KQ 3V0
Vcentre  Vc   3R 2    R1  0
3 2R 2
2R
As potential decreases for outside points.
Thus, according to the question, we can write
5V0 KQ
VR   (3 R 2  R22 )
2 4 2R 3
2 2
5V0 V0 5 R   R2  5 1 R
 (3 R 2  R22 ) or  3 2  or   3  or R2 
4 2R 2 2  R   R  2 2 2
   
Similarly,
kQ 3V0 KQ 3 KQ 4
VR      or R3  R
3 R3 4 R3 4 R 3

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Vidyamandir Classes

KQ V0 KQ 1 KQ
VR      or R4  4 R
4 R4 4 R4 4 R
36.(A) Draw, Gaussian surface at distance r from centre,
r
A 2
Q
 r 4r dr
Using, Gauss’ law : a  E 4 r 2
0

 r2  a2 
E 4 0r 2  Q  A 4   
 2 
 
Q  r2  a2
1  1 Q A 2 a 2 

E  A2   ; E    A2  .
4 0  r 2  r2  4 0  r 2 r2 
     
For E to be constant (ie independent of r)
Q 2 A a 2 1
 0 … (i)  E  A  2 … (ii)
2 2 4 0
r r
At the centre of the spheres is a point charge Q. The value of A such that the electric field in the region
between the spheres will be constant is (using equation (i)] :
Q
As, Q  2Aa 2 i.e. A
2 a 2
37.(B) Torque applied on a dipole   pE sin  where,   angle between axis of dipole
and electric field. For electric field E1  Eiˆ
It means field is directed along positive X direction, so angle between dipole
and field will remain , therefore torque in this direction
1  pE1 sin  In electric field E 2  3 E ˆj,
It means field is directed along positive Y-axis, so angle between dipole and field will be 90  .
Torque in this direction 2  pE sin(90  )

 p 3 E1 cos 
 
According to question 2  1  | 2 || 1 |  pE1 sin   p 3 E1 cos 

tan   3  tan   tan 60    60

38.(B) Potential of B = Potential due to charge on A + Potential due to charge on
B + Potential due to charge on C.
k (Q A  Q B ) kQC
 VB  
b c
1  4 a 2 4 b 2 4 c 2    a2  b2 c2    a 2  b2 
     ;     V    c 
B
4 0  b b c  0  b c  0  b 
     
R R 2r k  2R 
A  4 A R   
2 a 4 r 2dr  4 A 2r /a e 2r /a  ; Q   2Aa  e a 1 
39.(B) Q 
 4r dr ; 
 r2 e e dr 
 2 / a  0
0 0 0
2R
 2 aA  Q a  1 
Q   2 Aa e a  2 aA  e 2R /a   R log  
2aA 2  Q 
1  
 2aA 

Physics | Electrostatics 36 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

   q  q
40.(A)   1  2 ;  9  10 9  1  iˆ  3 ˆj  2 4 iˆ  3 ˆj
   
3
 AP  BP 3
 10  10 6 25 

 9  10 9 
 10 10
iˆ  3 ˆj 
25 5

4 iˆ  3 ˆj   

2
 (63i  27 j )  10
41.(B) If net force on Q (at x  0) is zero, then
Magnitude of force by q an Q (at x  0)  Magnitude of force by
Q (at x  d ) an Q (at x  0) and the directions are exactly opposite.
So q is –ve.

kQq dQ 2 Q
   q i.e. option (B)
2 2 4
(d / 2) d

0IR 2
42.(B) B
2( R  h 2 )3/2
2

dB R
For B to be maximum, 0  h  i.e. option (B)
dh 2
3
kPQ FP  rp '  1
43.(B) Feq      ; F p '  27F
r3 Fp '  r p 
 
27

 KQ 2 KQ 2 KQ 2 KQ 2   1 
44.(C) W       KQ 2 1  
 2 2 2 5 
2 5  5 
q1 q2 Q  q1  q2
45.(A)  
2 2
a b C2

a2
q1  q2
b2
b2 b2 b2
q2  Q  q1  q2
C2 C2 C2
 b 2  b 2 b2 b2  b 2  b 2 b2
 q 2 1   Q  q1  q1 1   Q  q1
 C 2  C 2 C2 a2  C 2  C 2 C2
 
 b2 b 4  b2 b2 b2  b2 a 2  b 2
   q1  q1  Q  q1 1    Q
 a 2 a2c 2  C2 C2 a 2  C2 C 2  C 2
 
a2
Q
C2 a2 b2
q1  ; q1  Q ; q2  Q
C 2  b 2  a2 a2  b 2  c 2 a2  b 2  c 2
C2
c2 kq1 kq2 
k Q  q1  q2 
Q  q1  q2  Q ; V   
2 2 2 a b C
a b c
Q  a b c  Q  a b c 
       
4 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 0  2 2 2 
 a  b  c a b c a  b  c  a b c 

Physics | Electrostatics 37 Workbook - 4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

46.(C) Potential should be of sign

4 2

2
(R  x ) ( x )2

2R R 2R
 2x  2R  2 x  x   ; Ans is x + R =
2 2 2 1 2 1
47.(B) Work done by the electric force will remain path independent and work done by magnetic field should be
zero.
 W  q (2iˆ  3 ˆj ).( iˆ  ˆj )  W  5q.
  1
48.(B) U   p.E ; U  10 29  1000  or U  7  10 27 g
2
KQq KQq Kq 2
49.(B) U   
a a 2 a
Kq  Q 
Solving:  Q   q   0
a  2 
q 2
Gives: Q  
2 1
50.(C) Theory based question
51.(C) No net external force on system Hence Total Energy will be conserved.
U i  K i U f  K f

KQ 2 KQ 2 1
0   mv 2
2r0 2r 2

KQ 2  1 1 
v    
m  r0 r 

Quadratic concave down

52.(A)

  60 ˆj 
| P |  2P cos    2qL cos 30   3 gL
 2 
53.(B)

Eq 200  5  10 6 1
T cos   mg , tan    
mg 3 2
2  10  10

T sin   Eq    tan 1 0.5

Physics | Electrostatics 38 Workbook -4 | Solutions

 Vidyamandir Classes

KQ KQ
54.(D) Initial pd   V
R1 R2
 KQ 4KQ   KQ 4KQ 
Final pd      
 R R2   R2 R2 
 1 
KQ KQ
  V
R1 R2

1 1 1 1
55.(D) E ; F  ; a ; vdv  dr
r r r r
 r   r 
v 2  ln   ; v  ln  
r  r 
 0   0 
V2 5
56.(D) E  Ax  B ; dV  E dx ;
 dV  
 20 x  10  dx
V1 1
V2  V1  180 ; V1  V2  180V

57.(C)   PE sin  ; I   q.dE sin 

qdE qdE
 sin  ; As  is small   
I I
qdE d2
 , where, I  2.m
I 4
 q 2 2qd   2 
1  D 2  d  D 2 
1  (Q  q ) Q ( q ) 2  ( q ) 
58.(C) U system         
4 0  D  d / 2 (D  d / 2) d  4 0  d D 2   4 
  
59.(A) Electric field at p  2E1 cos 1  2E1 cos 2

2 Kq D 2Kq D
   
2 2 2 2 1/2 2 2
(d  D ) (d  D ) [(2d )  D ] [(2d )  D 2 ]1/2
2

 3/2 3/2 
2KqD  d 2   4d 2  
 2KqD (d 2  D 2 )3/2  (4d 2  D 2 )3/2   
 1 
 1 
  D3   2
D    2
D   
 
 
Applying binomial approximation  d  D
 
2KqD  3 d 2  3  4d 2   2KqD 12 d 2 3 d2  9Kqd 2
 1  1 ;     
 2 D2  
D3   2D 2   D 3  2 D 2 2 D 2  D4
 
1 9  10 9  10 12 9  109  10 12 1
60.(None) U i  Vf  mv 2 ;    4  10 9  v 2  v  6.32  104 m / s
2 3 3 2
10 9  10

Physics | Electrostatics 39 Workbook - 4 | Solutions

Vidyamandir Classes

2
 qE 
61.(A) g eff  g2   
 m 
 

T  2
g eff
62.(B)

From energy conservation,

U i  ki  U f  kf
1/2
k (q )(q ) 1 2 k (q )(q ) 2  2 q 2 
 mv min . 0  V min . 
(3a )2  (4a )2 2 3a m  15 4  0 a 
 
63.(C) Consider force on A due to B
Q2 Q2
| F | 
4  0 (2a )2 16  0 a2
Since A is in equilibrium, force on it due to changed sphere, Fs  F (magnitude)
So, electric field at distance a from centre
Q
E 
16  0 a2
2Q
If r  R, result for electric field is E 
4 0 r 2
Q 2Q v
So, assuming a  R, E    r  2 2a  a
2 2 2 2
16  0 a 4 0 r
But the result was only valid for r  R  The point is inside the sphere and a  R
Let electric field inside the sphere at distance r from centre be E, then by gauss law
r
1 kr 2
E (4 r 2 )  kx (4 x 2 )dx
0   E 
4 0
0
R
2Q Qr 2 Qa 2
kx (4 x 2 )dx  2Q
Also
  k 
R 4
 E 
2 0 R 4

2  0 R 4
0
Q
Comparing with E   a  81/4 R 64.(C) Electrostatic shielding
16  0 a2

65.(B) P  P0 xˆ
1 ( q ) 1 q l
VM   , cos  
4 0 2
l d 2 4 0 2
l d 2
l  d2
2

VM  0

 P
For short dipole at equatorial position EM 
4 0d3

Physics | Electrostatics 40 Workbook -4 | Solutions