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Name of Subject Teacher: Anna Marie V. Erap Score:________

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REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

St. Therese Academy
Tomas Cabili, Iligan City
10
Science
Quarter 4 - Week 2
Hint of Evolution from Comparative Anatomy
Grade 10A1,A2,A3,A4,B,C
Anna Marie V. Erap, LPT

In this lesson, you are going to describe how comparative anatomy provide evidence in studying evolution. It is
here that you are also expected to distinguish the structures of the different species whether it is homologous or
analogous structures.
The activities found in this lesson are crafted with the goal of allowing you to ponder easily and confidently
about comparative anatomy as one of the sources of evidence for evolution.

Another hint of evolutionary concept is from the comparative anatomy. Comparative anatomy is the study of
similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species. It is an important tool that helps determine
evolutionary relationships between organisms and whether or not they share common ancestors. Anatomical
similarities between organisms support the idea that these organisms evolved from a common ancestor.
Structures can be homologous or analogous

Two major concepts of comparative anatomy are:

1. Homologous structures . Structures from different species which have similar internal framework, position,
and embryonic development. Homologous structures may have the same origin or ancestors but different
functions. This type of evolution is called divergent evolution. Divergent evolution is the splitting of an
ancestral population into two or more subpopulations that are geographically isolated from one another. Here
are some examples of homologous structures: forelimbs of dog, man, cat, bat, bird, lizard, and whale are
structurally the same, but functionally different.

2. Analogous structures – structures of unrelated species may evolve to look alike, because the structure is
adapted similar function. Analogous structures have similar functions but different origin. In convergent
evolution, analogous structures of unrelated organisms from different ancestors developed similar function.
Examples are wings of birds, bats, and insects that have the same function.

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Directions:

1. The table below shows the different structures of organisms. 2. Write H if the structures below are homologous and A
if they are analogous explain why do you say so.

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