Assignment 1 ERD 2021

T.U., Institute of Engineering, Thapathali Campus EG 852 CE

Department of Civil Engineering Earthquake Resistant Design
M.Sc. Program in Earthquake Engineering 2021: II Semester

ASSIGNMENT # 1
Last date of submission : April 19, 2021 (Monday)
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The center of Kathmandu City is located in the vicinity of ten independent seismic sources represented by source
zones 1 to 10. These source zones in reality are active faults, and they are characterized as given in Table 1 given
below. For simplicity, all the source zones are considered as point sources. Perform the Probabilistic Seismic
Hazard Analysis for the site using separately the following Attenuation Relationships: (Note: The mean annual
occurrence rate of earthquake of magnitude larger than the threshold magnitude ν calculated for each source using
the given a and b value shall be divided by 16).
Table 1 Characteristics of seismic sources and source-to-site distance

Source EQ Sources Fault Name Fault Type Assumed Assumed a-value b-Value Source-to- Mean annual
Zone (Faults) Ms,max Mw,max site Distance rate of
(km) occurrence (νi)
1 HFF-1.10 Narayani River R/RL 6.7 6.5 4.17 1.0 83 0.02923
2 HFF-1.15 Dhalkebar R 7.2 6.8 3.38 1.0 84 0.00474
3 MBT-2.3 Arung Kh. R,N down 7.5 7.0 4.24 1.0 140 0.03435
4 MBT-2.4 Narayani R 7.0 6.7 4.17 1.0 78 0.02923
5 MBT-2.5 Hetauda R 7.3 6.9 4.17 1.0 38 0.02923
6 MCT-3.3 Gosai Kunda R 7.5 7.0 4.17 1.0 21 0.02923
7 HFF-1.13 Amlekhgunj R 7.0 6.7 4.17 1.0 47 0.02923
8 LH-4.10 Sunkoshi-Roshi Kh. Rt-lat-st-sl 6.7 6.5 4.17 1.0 68 0.02923
9 MBT-2.6 Udaipur-Sunkoshi Rev.norm 8.0 7.3 4.23 1.0 104 0.03356
10 LH-4.7 Saptakoshi-Deomai R 7.6 7.1 4.24 1.0 185 0.00947

1. Cornell et al. (1979):

ln PGA = 6.74 + 0.859M L - 1.80 ln (R + 25)
where PGA is in gal, and lnPGA = 0.57.
2. Crouse (1991):
lnPGA = 6.36 + 1.76M - 2.73ln[R + 1.58 exp (0.608M)] + 0.00916 h. (Assume h = 25 km)
where PGA is in gal and lnPGA = 0.773.
3. Donovan (1973):
PGA = 1080e0.5M(R + 25)- 1.32
where PGA is in gal, and lnPGA = 0.71.
4. Kawashima et al. (1986):
PGA = 232.5x100.313M (R + 30)-1.218
where PGA is in gal, and logPGA = 0.224
5. McGuire (1978):
lnPGA=3.40+0.89M -1.17lnR
wherePGAisingal,andlnPGA=0.62
6. Sarma & Srbulov (1996):
logPGA = - 1.617 + 0.248Ms - 0.5402 log R - 0.00392R
where R = (d2 + 3.22)0.5, PGA is in gal and logPGA = 0.26
7. Youngs et al. (1997):
lnPGA = 0.2418 + 1.414M - 2.552 ln(R+1.7818e 0.554M) + 0.00607 H. (Assume H = 25 km)
where PGA is in g and lnPGA = 1.45 - 0.1M.
8. Karnali Project Attenuation:
PGA = 0.0606 exp(0.470M) [R + 0.07 exp(0.6M)]-0.621
where PGA is in g, and lnPGA = 0.683

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 Assignment 1 ERD 2021
9. Algermissen et al. (1988):
ln PGA = −1.987 + 0.604Ms − 0.9082 ln(R) − 0.00385 R
where PGA is in g and ln PGA = 0.68.
10.Fukushima & Tanaka (1990)

log PGA = 0.41M − log(R + 0.03210 0.41M) – 0.0034R + 1.30

where A is in cms−2 and logPGA = 0.21.
11. Petrovski & Marcellini (1988)

ln PGA = 6.48 + 0.544M – 1.33 ln(R + 20)

where a is in cms−2, and ln PGA = 0.67.
12. Campbell (1989)
ln PGA = −2.501 + 0.623M L − 1.0 ln[R + 7.28]
where PGA is in g, and ln PGA = 0.506.
13. Niazi & Bozorgnia (1991)
ln PGA = −5.503 + 0.936M − 0.816 ln[R + 0.407e0.455M]
where PGA is in g, and ln PGA = 0.461.
14. Ambraseys et al. (1992)
log PGA = −1.038 + 0.220 M − 0.00149r − 0.895 log r
r = (d2 + 5.72)1/2
where PGA is in g, and ln PGA = 0.260.
15. Ambraseys (1995)
log PGA = −0.87 + 0.217 Ms − 0.00117 r − 1log r
where r2 = d2 + h2 (Assume h = 25 km)
where PGA is in g, and logPGA = 0.26.
16. Molas & Yamazaki (1995)
log PGA = 0.206 + 0.477 M − 0.00144 r −1 log r + 0.00311 h (Assume h = 25 km)
where PGA is in cms−2, and logPGA = 0.276.
17. Wang et al. (1999)
log PGA = 0.430 + 0.428 Ms − 0.764 log R − 0.00480 R
where PGA is in cms−2, and logPGA = 0.271.
18. Jain et al. (2000)
ln(PGA) = −4.135 + 0.647 M − 0.00142 R − 0.753 ln(R)
where PGA is in g, and ln PGA = 0.59.

19. Smit et al. (2000)

log PGA = 0.72 + 0.44 M − logR − 0.00231 R
where T = (D2 + h2)1/2 (Assume h = 25 km)
where PGA is in cms−2, h = 4.5 and logPGA = 0.28.
20. Ambraseys & Douglas (2000)
log PGA = −0.659 + 0.202 Ms − 0.0238 d + 0.029
where PGA is in ms−2, and logPGA = 0.214.

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