/fli^«o hn;|f]t gLlt

@)&&

g]kfn ;/sf/
pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno
l;+xb/af/, sf7df8f}+
g]kfn ;/sf/
pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno
l;+xb/af/, sf7df8f}+

/fli6«o hn;|f]t gLlt, @)&&

k|sflzt ;+VofM @!)) k|lt
;jf{lwsf/ M pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno
g]kfn ;/sf/ -dlGqkl/ifb_ af6 :jLs[t ldltM @)&&÷#÷@(
 dGtJo

k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g tyf ax'pkof]uL ljsf; / lbuf]

¿kdf pkof]u ug{sf lgldQ lbzflgb]{z ug{, hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf /x]sf jt{dfg
;jfnx?nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ tyf eljiodf pTkGg x'g;Sg] ;d:ofx¿nfO{
Go"gLs/0f ub}{ hn;|f]tsf] clwstd Pj+ lbuf] pkof]u u/L b]znfO{ ;d[4 agfpg
of] gLlt Pp6f sf]z]9'Ëf ;fljt x'g] ljZjf; lnPsf] 5' . ;fy} hn;|f]tsf] If]q;Fu
;DalGwt lgsfox¿aLr k|efjsf/L ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ug{ tyf hn;|f]tnfO{
efjL k':tf;Ddsf] nflu ;'/lIft /fVgsf] nflu of] gLltn] dfu{bz{g ug]{ ljZjf;
;d]t lnPsf] 5' . ljleGg If]qut tyf sfg"gL Joj:yf ePtf klg PsLs[t ¿kdf
k|:t't gLlt klxnf] k6s Nofpg kfpFbf d Hofb} v'zL ePsf] 5' . o; gLltn]
hn;|f]t;Fu ;DalGwt sfg"g tyf cGo If]qut gLlt lgdf{0fdf yk ;xof]u k'Ug]
ljZjf; ;d]t lnPsf] 5' .
cGTodf, k|:t't gLlt th{'dfdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg'x'g] k|b]zsf dGqLHo"x?, g]kfn
;/sf/sf ;lrjx?, ;x;lrjx?, o;df ;+nUg cGo sd{rf/Lx? tyf k|wfgdGqL
tyf dlGqkl/ifbsf] sfof{no, /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u, hn tyf pmhf{ cfof]usf]
;lrjfno, pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno kl/jf/ / o;df of]ubfg
k'¥ofpg'x'g] ;DalGwt ;a} lj1x?nfO{ xflb{s wGojfb lbg rfxfG5' .

jif{dfg k'g …cgGtÚ

dGqL
pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno
 d]/f] egfO{

dfgjLo hLjg ofkgsf nflu dfq xf]O{gls ;f/f k|f0fL hut\s} cl:tTjsf] lglDt
geO{ gx'g] k|fs[lts ;|f]t xf], hn ;Dkbf . k[YjLsf] s"n ;txsf] &! k|ltzt
If]qkmn kfgLsf] ;txn] cf]u6]sf] ePtfklg s]jn # k|ltzt dfq :jR5 kfgL
/x]sf] 5 . To;dWo] klg clwsf+z kfgL cyf{t hDdf kfgLsf] @=% k|ltzt kfgL
t pQ/L tyf blIf0fL „'jx¿df / pRr lxdfnL e]udf :yfoL lxpFsf] ¿kdf hd]/
/x]sf] 5 . s]jn )=% k|ltzt kfgL dfq gbLgfnf tfn tn}ofdf /x]sf] x'Fbf lkpg
Pj+ l;+rfO{sf] lglDt k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] kfgLsf] dfqf cToGt} sd 5 . To;df
klg kfgLsf] pknAwtf k[YjLsf] ;a} e"efudf ;dfg'kflts ¿kn] 5}g . To;}n]
k[YjLdf kfgL k|r'/ dfqfdf xFbfx'b} klg of] Ps cTofjZos t/ b'n{e k|fs[lts
;|f]tsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . g]kfn e"kl/j]li7t d'n's x'Fbfx'Fb} klg o;sf] pQ/L
e"efudf /x]sf cUnf lxdfnox¿af6 lg;[t gbLgfnfx¿sf] ;~hfn / xhf/f}+
tfn÷tn}of, bx÷s'08x¿ /x]sf] x'gfn] hn;|f]tsf] wgL d'n'ssf] ¿kdf kl/lrt
5 . k|fs[lts¿kdf hnrqm af6} lgoldt e08f/0f eO/xg] lxdfn¿kL ljzfn
hnfzo h;n] aiff{bsf] ;dodf lxdkftnfO{ ;d]6]/ hn e08f/0f ub{5 eg]
;'Vvf ofddf la:tf/} la:tf/} cfkm} klUnP/ u'¿Tjfsif{0fs} andf ;f/f gbL
k|0ffnLdf hnk|jfx u/fpF5 . ToxL pQ/L lxd>[Înf g} g]kfnsf] hn>f]tsf]
lglDt k|fs[lts j/bfg xf] . k|fs[lts ¿kdf :jtM pknAw o; ax'pkof]uL
;|f]tnfO{ /fli6«o lxt cg'¿k pkof]uL 9Ëaf6 bLuf] pkof]u tyf Aoj:yfkg ug{
;s]df d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf; tyf ;d[l4 w]/} 6f9f cjZo 5}g . vfg]kfgL /
3/]n' pkof]unfO{ klxnf] k|fyldstfdf /fv]/ To;kl5 qmdzM l;+rfO, kz' tyf
df5fkfng, hnljB't, cf}Bf]lus k|of]hg, hn oftfoft, wfld{s, ;fF:s[lts jf
jftfj/0fLo ;+/If0f / ko{6gnfO{ pkof]usf] k|fyldsLs/0fdf /fv]/ hn>f]t dfly
;a} If]qsf] tyf ;a} tx / tKsfsf] kxF'r ;'lglZrt ug{' cfhsf] cfjZostf
ag]sf] 5 . Ps} txsf laleGg lgsfox¿ tyf ;+3, k|b]z Pjd\ :yfgLo txsf
;/sfx?aLr hn>f]tsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ x'g;Sg] ;+efJo ljjfb Pj+ lvrftfgLnfO{
b[li6ut u/L o;sf] :jfldTj Pj+ pkof]u ;DaGwL clwsf/sf] afF8kmfF8sf ;':ki6
cfwf/x¿ tox'g' clxn] ;+3Lo zf;g k|0ffnL clËsf/ u/]sf] d'n'ssf] lglDt
csf]{ 68\sf/f] cfjZostf xf] . d"nx¿sf] ;+/If0f, hnk|b'if0fsf] Go"gLs/0f tyf
hnf]TkGg k|sf]kx¿sf] Joj:yfkg hn>f]t;Fu hf]l8Psf] csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ kf6f] xf] .
oL ;a} cfofdx¿nfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ lgsfout Pj+ txut ;dGjosf] cfwf/df
lghL If]qsf] ;d]t ;xeflutf x'g]u/L d'n'ssf] Plss[t hn;|f]tsf] lasf; /
Joj:yfkgsf] lglDt g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|:t't /fli6«o hn>f]t gLlt NofPsf] 5 .

g]kfndf hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u ;DaGwdf ljleGg If]qut gLltx? k|rngdf /x]sf]

eP tfklg ;du| hn;|f]tsf] lasf; / Joj:yfkgnfO{ ;d]6\g] PsLs[t gLltsf]
cefj dx;'; ul/Psf] kl/k|]Iodf xfn} dfq g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ePsf] of]
/fli6«o hn;|f]t gLlt, @)&& ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ pkof]uL x'g] ljZjf; lnPsf]
5' . cGTodf, of] gLlt tof/ ug{ ;xof]u ug{' x'g] ;a}df xflb{s wGojfb lbg
rfxG5' .

dw';'wg clwsf/L
;lrj -l;+rfO{_
pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO
 dGtJo
c¶fO; jif{;Dd hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; / Joj:yfkgsf] cfwf/e"t sfg"gL b:tfj]hsf]
?kdf /xL cfPsf] hn;|f]t P]g @)$( nfO{ ;dofg's'n agfpg] lbzfdf pGd'v eO{
/fli6«o hn;|f]t gLlt @)&& hf/L ePsf]df dnfO{ cToGt v'zL nfu]sf] 5 . of]
gLlt th{'dfsf] nflu of]ubfg ug{'x'g] ;DalGwt sd{rf/L ;fyLx¿ nufot ;Dk"0f{
;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ xflb{s wGojfb lbg rfxG5' .
hn;|f]tsf] ;du| ljsf; tyf Joj:yfkgdf ;+ljwfgn] lglb{i6 u/]sf] l;4fGt tyf
;+3Lo, k|fb]lzs / :yfgLo ;/sf/aLr hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u / ljsf;df clwsf/sf]
afF8kmfF8sf laifonfO{ j}1flgs 9Ëjf6 ;+af]wg u/L hn;|f]t P]g @)$( nfO{
kl/dfh{g ug{ cfjZos ePsf] x'Fbf o; gLltn] ;f] sfo{ ug{ lgs} dbt ug{ ;Sg]
d}n] 7fg]sf] 5' . of] gLltnfO{ sfg"gL b:tfj]hdf ?kfGt/0f u/L kfgL ;DaGwL d"n
sfg"g th{'df tyf sfof{Gjog ug{' casf] k|d'v r'gf}lt ePsf] 5 .
cfufdL lbgx?df o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ cfjZos ;+3Lo sfg"gL Joj:yfx?sf]
dftxtdf /xL hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, Joj:yfkg / ljsf; ug{ ;Sg] cfwf/ / Joj:yfx¿
k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/ :jo+ n] th{'df ug{ ;Sg] ePsf]n] ;du| hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf
o; gLltsf] e"ldsf kl/jt{gsf/L x'g] dnfO{ nfu]sf] 5 .

cGtdf,cfufdL lbgx?df /fli6«o hn;|f]t gLlt @)&& sf] sfof{Gjog tyf o;sf
nflu cfjZos sfg"gL / ;+:yfut Joj:yf ug]{tkm{ xfdL ;a}sf] k|of; s]lG›t
x'g'kb{5 .
wGojfb Û
lbg]zs'df/ l3ld/]
;lrj -pmhf{_
pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno
 d]/f] egfO{

g]kfn hn;|f]tsf] b[li6sf]0fn] Pp6f ;DkGg d"n's xf] tyflk o;sf] ;Defjgf
/ pknAwtfsf] t'ngfdf pkof]uaf6 xfdLn] lng ;Sg'kg]{ hlt cfly{s tyf
;fdflhs nfe lng g;Sg'Ù hn;|f]tsf] kl/df0f tyf u'0f:t/sf] :t/ tLa|¿kn]
v:sb} hfg'Ù hnhGo k|sf]kx?sf] dfqf 36\g'sf] ;§f emg} a9\b} hfg'Ù hn;|f]t
dfq xf]Og hnfzo -jf6/ al8h_ x¿ dfly klg tLa|¿kn] cltqmd0f / lgoGq0f
x'Fb} hfg'Ù ;Ldf tyf cGt/fli6«o gbLgfnfx?sf] pkof]u / Joj:yfkgsf] If]qdf
l5d]sL b]zx?;Fu ;Gt'lnt Pj+ k|efjsf/L ;dGjo x'gdf sdL x'g'Ù hnoL h}ljs
ljljwtf tyf hnoL kof{j/0f dfly ;+s6 pTkGg x'g uO/xg'Ù hn;|f]tsf] plrt
Joj:yfkg, ;+/If0f Pj+ lgodg ug{ tyf o; If]qdf p7]sf laafbx?sf] lg¿k0fsf]
nflu lhDd]jf/ lgsfo / sfg"gsf] cefj x'g' ;fy} b]zsf] jt{dfg ;+3Lo ;+/rgf
cg'¿k hn;|ft] dflysf] If]qflwsf/sf] sfg"gL ¿kdf :ki6tf x'g g;Sg' cflb
jt{dfg g]kfnsf] hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf b]vf kl//x]sf k|d'v d'2f Pj+ ;jfnx? x'g .

dfly pNn]lvt g]kfnsf] hn;|f]t If]qdf b]lvPsf ljBdfg d'2f Pj+ ;jfnx?nfO{
;xL 9+un] ;Daf]wg u/L b]znfO{ cfly{s ?kn] ;d[l4 agfpgdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg
cyjf o;sf] nflu ;xL ¿kdf lbzflgb]{z ug{sf nflu l9n} ePklg of] hn;|f]t
gLlt @)&& tof/ eO{ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t klg eO{ ;s]sf] cj:yf 5 .
hn;|f]t If]qdf ePsf] of] dxTjk"0f{ sfo{af6 d cToGt xlif{t ePsf] 5' / dnfO{
nfU5 o; sfo{af6 hn;|f]t;Fu ;DalGwt cGo ;Dk"0f{ AolQm, lj1 tyf lgsfox?df
klg v'zLsf] nx/ 5fPsf] x'g ;Sb5 .
lagf P]g, sfg"g, gLlt :jo+ cfkm} sfof{Gjog x'g g;Sg] ePsf] x'Fbf ca xfdLn]
o; gofF gLltn] O+lut ug{ vf]h]sf] dd{ / efjgf cg'¿ksf] hn;|f]t P]g tyf
lgodfjnL / lgb]{lzsfx? klg oyf;So rfF8f] u/L tof/ ug{'kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf]
5 eg] of] gLltnfO{ eljiodf ;do ;fk]If ¿kdf kl/dfh{g ub}{ nUg'kg]{ s'/fnfO{
klg la;{g' ePg .

cGTodf, jt{dfg pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfnosf df=dGqL >L aif{dfg k'g
Ho"sf] tf/Gtf/sf] ;Nnfx, ;'emfj, lgb]{zg, tyf emsemsfO{ gx'Fbf] xf] t of] gLlt
olt rfF8} o; ¿kdf tof/L x'g] cj:yf lyPg . To;}n] o;sf] nflu ;j{k|yd d
df=dGqLHo"k|lt xflb{s wGojfb Pj+ xflb{s cfef/ k|s6 ug{ rfxG5' . To;} u/L, of]
hn;|f]t gLlt @)&& th{'df ug{df cxf]/fq vl6g' x'g] hn tyf pmhf{ cfof]u /
pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfnosf ljåfg ldqx?Ù k|ToIf tyf ck|ToIf ¿kdf
;+nUg x'g' x'g] nufotÙ cfˆgf] dxTjk"0f{ ;'emfj tyf ;Nnfx k|bfg ug{' x'g] tL
;Dk"0f{ JolQm, lj1, k/fdz{bftf Pj+ :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL ;+3 ;+:yfx? nfO{ klg
d]/f] Åbob]lv g} d'/L d'/L wGojfb .

;fu/ s'df/ /fO{

;lrj
hn tyf pmhf{ cfof]usf] ;lrjfno
 ljifo ;"rL
zLif{s k]h
!= k[i7e"ld !
@= ljutsf k|of;x¿ @
#= jt{dfg cj:yfM @
$= ;d:of tyf r'gf}tLx¿ #
%= gLltsf] cfjZostfM $
^= bL3{sfnLg ;f]rM $
&= nIoM %
*= p2]Zox¿ %
(= /0fgLltx¿M %
!)= gLlt tyf sfo{gLltx¿M ^
/0fgLlt -!_ ^
/0fgLlt -@_ &
/0fgLlt -#_ (
/0fgLlt -$_ (
/0fgLlt -%_ !)
/0fgLlt -^_ !@
/0fgLlt -&_ !@
/0fgLlt -*_ !#
/0fgLlt -(_ !$
/0fgLlt -!)_ !%
/0fgLlt -!!_ !^
!!= ;+:yfut Joj:yfM !*
!@= sfg"gL Joj:yfM !*
!#= cg'udg tyf d"Nofª\sgM !*
!$= If]qut gLlt tyf gLltsf] kl/dfh{gM !(
!%= hf]lvd tyf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox¿M !(
c= hf]lvdx¿ !(
cf= hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox¿M !(
 /fli6«o hn;|f]t gLlt, @)&&
!= k[i7e"ld
g]kfndf hn;|f]t cToGt dxTjk"0f{ k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . oxfF /x]sf
gbLgfnfx¿af6 jflif{s ¿kdf ;/b/ @@% ca{ 3gld6/ kfgL pknAw x'G5 eg]
;/b/ !@ ca{ 3gld6/ kfgL e"ldut hn;|f]tsf] ¿kdf k'ge{/0f x'g] ub{5 . ;fy}
xhf/f}sf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf tfn tn}of tyf l;d;f/af6 klg 7"nf] kl/df0fdf kfgL
pknAw eO/x]sf] 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm sltko gbLgfnf afXo ;Ldf gbLsf] ¿kdf
;d]t /x]sf] x'Fbf /fli6«o lxt cg'¿k hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ug{ h?/L
5.
hnljB'tdf ul/g] ljsf;n] /fli6«o cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu cfjZos pmhf{ pknAw
x'g] dfq geO{ cfGtl/s dfu cfk"lt{ u/L art /xg] ljB't lgsf;Laf6 /fli6«o
cfDbfgL j[l4df pNn]vgLo of]ubfg k'Ub5 . o;sf ;fy} ;g\ @)#) ;Dd xfl;n
ug{'kg]{ lbuf] ljsf;sf nIo / To;df lgwf{/0f ul/Psf sltko /fli6«o nIox¿
xfl;n ug{sf lgldQ hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; / Joj:yfkgsf] k|ToIf of]ubfg /xG5 .
g]kfndf hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; dfkm{t ;d[l4 xfl;n ug{ 6]jf k'Ug] b]lvPsf]n] Æ;d[4
g]kfn ;'vL g]kfnLæ sf] /fli6«o cfsf+IffnfO{ jf:tljstfdf kl/0ft ug{ klg pknAw
hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ckl/xfo{ ePsf] 5 .
lg/Gt/ eO/x]sf] hg;+Vof j[l4 Pjd\ hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;d]tsf] sf/0fn] kfgLsf]
;|f]tdf w]/} rfk a9\b} hfg] lglZrtk|foM 5 . s]xL jif{ otf s'n jflif{s jiff{sf]
kl/df0fdf vf;} leGgtf gb]lvP tfklg cltj[li6, cgfj[li6 nufotsf ljkbhGo
36gfdf j[l4 b]lvPsf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f x'g] jfo'd08nsf] tfkqmd
j[l4n] lxd/]vf dfly–dfly ;g]{ qmd b]lvPsf] 5 . o;n] ubf{ lxpFsf] ¿kdf x'g]
kfgLsf] e08f/0f Ifdtfdf sdL cfpg] cg'dfg ;xh} ug{ ;lsG5 . cfufdL
jif{x¿df hg;+Vof j[l4;Fu} ufx{:Yo pkof]u / l;l~rt s[lifsf] nflu a9\bf] kfgLsf]
dfu ;Daf]wg ug{'kg]{ r'gf}tL 5 . To;}u/L hn;|f]tdf x'g;Sg] k|b"if0f lgoGq0f u/L
kfgLsf] u'0f:t/ sfod ug{'kg]{ yk r'gf}tL klg ;fy;fy} ;fdgf ug{'5 .
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] /fli6«o lxt cg's"n tyf cGt/k':tf ;dGofosf] dfGotfnfO{
cfTd;ft\ ub}{ b]zdf pknAw k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g u/L lbuf]
1
¿kdf pkof]u ug]{ gLlt lnPsf] 5 . o;}u/L hn;|f]tsf] ax'pkof]uL ljsf; ug]{,
gljs/0fLo pmhf{sf] ljsf; ub}{ pmhf{sf] cfk"lt{ ;'lglZrt ug]{, hnpTkGg ljkb\
lgoGq0f / gbLsf] Joj:yfkg ub}{ lbuf] / e/kbf]{ l;FrfOsf] ljsf; ug]{ k|fjwfg
;+ljwfgdf /x]sf] 5 .
;+j}wflgs Joj:yf adf]lhd ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txaf6 hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u /
Joj:yfkgnfO{ lbuf], pknlAwk"0f{ / k|efjsf/L agfpg h?/L 5 . oL tLgj6} txx¿
aLr cfk;L ;dGjosf] cfwf/df sfo{ If]qsf] afF8kmfF6 u/L hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; tyf
o;af6 k|fKt x'g] k|ltkmnsf] ljt/0fnfO{ Jojl:yt / k|efjsf/L agfpgsf] nflu
pko'Qm gLltut, sfg'gL tyf ;+:yfut Joj:yf ug{ cfjZos ePsf] 5 .
@= ljutsf k|of;x¿
ljutdf hn;|f]tsf] clwstd pkof]u, Joj:yfkg Pjd\ ;+/If0f j}1flgs 9+un]
u/L b]znfO{ cfly{s ¿kn] ;DkGg agfpg] p2]Zon] ;g\ @))@ df hn;|f]t
/0fgLlt / ;g\ @))% df /fli6«o hn of]hgf nfu" ul/Psf] lyof] . tyflk pQm
/0fgLlt tyf of]hgf k|efjsf/L ¿kn] sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]g . hn;|f]t P]g, @)$(,
hn;|f]t lgodfjnL, @)%), ljB't P]g,@)$(, ljB't lgodfjnL, @)%), vfg]kfgL
lgodfjnL, @)%%, l;+rfO lgodfjnL, @)%^ tyf cGo If]qut P]g tyf lgodx¿
lgdf{0fsf ;fy} hnljB't ljsf; gLlt, @)%*, l;FrfO gLlt, @)&), vfg]kfgL tyf
;/;kmfO gLlt, @)&!, hn pTkGg ljkb\ Joj:yfkg gLlt, @)&@ h:tf gLltx¿
th{'df eO{ If]qut ¿kdf hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, ljsf; tyf ;+/If0fsf nflu k|of;x¿
eO/x]sf 5g\ . plNnlvt gLltut Pjd\ sfg"gL Joj:yfsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 hn;|f]t
cGtu{tsf If]qut ljifox¿df /fHon] w]/} pknlAwx¿ xfl;n u/]sf] 5 . kl/jlt{t
;Gbe{df hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, Joj:yfkg / lgodgsf] nflu dfu{bz{g ug]{ PsLs[t
hn;|f]t gLltsf] vfFrf] dx;'; ul/Psf] 5 .
#= jt{dfg cj:yfM
g]kfnsf] ljB't ljsf;sf] ofqf lj=;+= !(^* df ;'? ePsf] ePtf klg cf=j=
@)&^÷&& ;Dddf s'n ljB't h8fg Ifdtf !#(( d]ufjf6 k'u]sf] 5 h;sf]
clwsf+z lx:;f hnljB'tn] cf]u6]sf] 5 . ljB't lu|8df hg;+Vofsf] kx'Fr ()
k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 eg] k|ltJolQm ljB't vkt @^) lsnf]jf6 k|ltjif{ /x]sf] 5 .
b]zsf] s'n @^ nfv $! xhf/ x]S6/ s[lifof]Uo hldgdWo] @@ nfv ^% xhf/ x]S6/

2
l;+rfOof]Uo hldg /x]sf]df cf=j= @)&^÷&& sf] cGTo;Dddf !$ nfv *@ xhf/
x]S6/df l;+rfO ;'ljwfsf nflu k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ePsf] 5 . l;+rfO ;]jfsf nflu
k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ePsf If]qdWo] sl/a Ps ltxfO If]qdf dfq jif{}el/ l;+rfO ;'ljwf
pknAw x'g] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . Jojl:yt vfg]kfgL k|0ffnLsf] z'?cft lj=;+= !(%! df
jL/wf/faf6 ;'? eO{ xfn;Dd (! k|ltzt hg;+VofnfO{ cfwf/e"t :t/sf] vfg]kfgL
;]jfdf kx'Fr k'lu;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . g]kfnsf 7"nf gbLx¿df ;'ne / lskmfotL
oftfoftsf] e/kbf]{ ljsNksf] ¿kdf cfGtl/s tyf ;d'b|;Dd kx'Frsf nflu hn
oftfoft ljsf; Pjd\ hn dgf]/~hgsf] ;d]t ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 .
hn;|f]tsf] ;d'lrt ljsf; tyf pkof]u, ;+/If0f tyf nfesf] Gofof]lrt ljt/0fsf
nflu ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] yk ;lqmotf ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ x'g h?/L 5 .
hn;|f]t cGtu{t hnljB't, l;FrfO, vfg]kfgL h:tf ljleGg If]qut gLltx¿ Pjd\
hn;|f]t P]g tyf cGo If]qut P]g tyf lgodx¿ hf/L eO{ If]qut ¿kdf hn;|ft] sf]
pkof]u, ljsf; tyf ;+/If0fsf nflu k|of;x¿ eO/x]sf 5g\ . t/ klg hn;|f]tsf]
;dGjofTds ¿kdf k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkg, pkof]u tyf ;+/If0fsf] cefj /x]sf] 5 .
$= ;d:of tyf r'gf}tLx¿
g]kfn ckf/ hn;|f]tsf] e08f/ Pjd\ k|r'/ ;Defjgf ePsf] b]z ePtf klg
hn;|f]tsf] j}1flgs Pjd\ Jojl:yt 9Ën] pkof]u / Joj:yfkg x'g g;Sbf
o;af6 ck]lIft nfe lng ;lsPsf] 5}g . a9\bf] hg;+Vof, cJojl:yt zx/Ls/0f,
ablnbf] hLjg z}nL, hn;|f]tsf] Jofj;flos pkof]uh:tf sf/0fx¿n] ubf{
g]kfnsf gbLgfnf, tfntn}of tyf l;d;f/b]lv ;du| hnfwf/ If]qsf] ;+s'rg tyf
cltqmd0fsf] qmd al9/x]sf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{g, lxdIf]qsf] ;+s'rg, lxdtfnx¿sf]
ljikmf]6g, cfsl:ds ¿kdf x'g] cltj[li6 / cgfj[li6 h:tf k|fs[lts ljkb\sf]
sf/0f jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ng / dflg;x¿sf] hLjgofkgdf ;d]t k|lts"n k|efjx¿
l;h{gf eO/x]sf 5g\ . kl/0ffd:j?k gbLgfnf tyf tfntn}ofx¿df pknAw x'g]
kfgLsf] kl/df0f / u'0f:t/df xf; cfpg'sf ;fy} ltgLx¿sf] k|fs[lts :j¿k tyf
cfs[lt -Morphology_ df ;d]t c;/ kl//x]sf] 5 . o;}u/L sltko :yfgx¿df
e"ldut hn;|f]tsf] cTolws bf]xgsf] sf/0f e"ldut hn;tx 36\g'sf ;fy} To;sf]
u'0f:t/df qmlds ¿kn] x|f; cfO/x]sf] 5 .
clxn] g]kfndf JolQm, Jofj;flos lgsfo tyf ;+3–;+:yfx¿af6 pknAw
hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u ug]{ qmd al9/x]sf] 5 . kfgLsf] pknAwtf / pkof]udf x'g]

3
ljifdtfsf sf/0f sltko ufpF, a:tL / zx/x¿df v8]/L / ;'Vvfsf] l:ylt 5 eg]
kfgLsf] cefjsf] sf/0fn] ufpFa:tL g} a;fOF ;g{'kg]{ afWotf /x]sf] cj:yf 5 .
To;}u/L af9L, klx/f], 8'afg, s6fg, v8]/L tyf ;'Vvf h:tf ljkb\n] k|To]s jif{
hgwgsf] Iflt x'g] u/]sf] 5 .
hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; tyf pkof]u / To;af6 cfly{s, ;fdflhs, k|fs[lts tyf hnLo
h}ljs ljljwtf -Aquatic Biodiversity_ nufotsf kIfdf k/]sf] k|efjsf
ljifodf PsLs[t tYofª\s tyf hfgsf/L /fVg] Joj:yfsf] cefj /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] c;/nfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /fvL pknAw hn;|f]tsf] ;d'lrt,
ax'cfoflds / ;dGjofTds pkof]u ;lxt hnfwf/ Joj:yfkg ug{', hnjfo'
kl/jt{gsf gsf/fTds c;/nfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug]{ pkfo ;dod} cjnDag u/L
hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ug{', hn pTkGg ljkb\x¿af6 l;lh{t IfltnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{',
hn;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg, ljsf; / pkof]u ;DaGwdf cGt/ lgsfo Pjd\ ;+3, k|b]z
/ :yfgLo txaLr ;dGjo ug{'sf ;fy} /fli6«o lxtnfO{ ;jf]{kl/ /fvL låkIfLo nfe
x'g] u/L cGt/b]zLo gbLsf] Joj:yfkg tyf pkof]u ug{' hn;|f]t If]qsf k|d'v
r'gf}tLx¿ x'g\ .
%= gLltsf] cfjZostfM
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf ePcg'¿k k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g
tyf ax'pkof]uL ljsf; / lbuf] ¿kdf pkof]u ug{sf lgldQ lbzflgb]{z ug{,
hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf /x]sf at{dfg ;d:ofx¿nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ tyf eljiodf pTkGg
x'g;Sg] ;d:ofx¿nfO{ Go"gLs/0f ub}{ pknAw hn;|f]tsf] clwstd Pjd\ lbuf]
pkof]u u/L b]znfO{ ;d[4 agfpg of] gLltsf] of]ubfg /xg] x'G5 . hn;|f]tsf]
If]q;Fu ;DalGwt lgsfox¿aLr k|efjsf/L ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ ug{ tyf g]kfnsf]
;+ljwfg adf]lhd hn;|f]tnfO{ efjL k':tf;Ddsf] nflu ;'/lIft /fVg] ljifodf
lbzflgb]{z ug{ of] gLlt cfjZostf /x]sf] 5 .
^= bL3{sfnLg ;f]rM
hn;|f]tsf] ax'cfoflds, ;dGoflos Pjd\ lbuf] ljsf; tyf ax'pkof]uaf6 cfly{s
;d[l4 / ;fdflhs ¿kfGt/0f .

4
&= nIoM
b]zdf pknAw hn;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g / ax'pkof]uL ljsf; Pjd\ lbuf] ¿kdf
pkof]u u/L cfly{s ;d[l4 / ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf nflu of]ubfg k'¥ofpg' .
*= p2]Zox¿
-!_ /fli6«o hn pkof]usf] ax'cfoflds cfjZostfx¿sf] ;xh kl/k"lt{sf
nflu ;d'lrt k|of]u ug]{ .
-@_ hn;|f]tsf] ax'cfoflds tyf ;dGoflos ljsf; / pkof]u u/L /fli6«o
pTkfbg j[l4df of]ubfg k'¥ofpg' .
-#_ hn;|f]t If]qsf] ;+/If0f, ljsf;, Joj:yfkg / lgodg ubf{ cWoog,
cg';Gwfg, tYo Pjd\ k|df0fsf cfwf/df ug]{ Joj:yfnfO{ ;+:yfut ug{' .
-$_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] ;dGjodf hn;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f, ljsf; tyf
pkof]u x'g] Joj:yf ug{' .
-%_ gful/ssf cfjZostf kl/k"lt{sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ hn;|f]thGo ;]jf
;'ljwf ;xh, ;'ne, ;'ky / ;dGoflos tj/n] pknAw x'g]u/L hn;|f]t
If]qsf] ljsf; ug{' .
-^_ cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf jftfj/0fLo kIfdf kg{;Sg] gsf/fTds k|efj
Go"g x'g]u/L hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; / pkof]u ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' .
-&_ hnpTkGg ljkb\sf] Go"gLs/0f Pjd\ k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkg u/L Iflt
Go"gLs/0f ug{' .
(= /0fgLltx¿M
!= gbL a]l;g u'?of]hgfsf] cfwf/df hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg
ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo !_
@= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ubf{ PsLs[t hn;|f]t Joj:yfkg tyf
hn;|f]tsf] ax'p2]ZoLo pkof]unfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 . -p2]Zo @_
#= hn;|f]t If]qsf] ;+/If0f, ljsf;, Joj:yfkg tyf lgodgsf nflu plrt
;+:yfut Joj:yf ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo @_
5
 $= hn;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f / ljsf;df lghL If]q tyf ;DalGwt
;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] ;xeflutf clej[l4 ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo @_
%= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf cWoog, cg';Gwfgsf] lj:tf/ ul/g'sf ;fy} pknAw
1fg tyf tYofª\ssf] clen]vLs/0f, ljZn]if0f tyf k|of]u clej[l4
ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo #_
^= hn;|f]t If]q;Fu ;DalGwt ;+:yf tyf hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf; ul/g]5 .
-p2]Zo #_
&= ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] e"ldsf / bfloTj k|i6 u/L ;dGjofTds
tj/n] hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo $_
*= hn;|f]t cfof]hgfx¿af6 k|efljt If]q tyf ;d'bfox¿sf] ;'/Iff Pjd\
;+/If0f ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo %_
(= hn;|f]t cfof]hgfx¿sf] ljsf; ubf{ ;Da4 If]qsf gful/ssf
cfwf/e"t cfjZostf kl/k"lt{sf nflu cfjZos pmhf{, vfg]kfgL tyf
l;+rfO ;'ljwf ;xh, ;'ne, ;'ky / ;dGoflos tj/n] x'g]u/L ul/g]5 .
-p2]Zo %_
!)= ;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts Pjd\ jftfj/0fLo kIfdf kg{;Sg] gsf/fTds k|efj
Go"g x'g]u/L hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo ^_
!!= hnfwf/ Joj:yfkgnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpFb} hnhGo ljkb\x¿sf] lgoGq0f
Pjd\ Go"gLs/0f ul/g]5 . -p2]Zo &_
!)= gLlt tyf sfo{gLltx¿M
/0fgLlt -!_ gbL a]l;g u'?of]hgfsf] cfwf/df hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg
ul/g]5 .
gLlt tyf sfo{gLltM
!= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u / Joj:yfkgsf] k|fyldstfqmd k|rlnt sfg'g
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@= hnjfo' kl/jt{g jf ljz]if kl/l:ylt k/L hn;|f]tsf] r/d cefjsf]
l:yltdf hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u / Joj:yfkgsf] k|fyldstfqmd x]/km]/ ug{
;lsg]5 .

6
 #= gbL a]l;gx¿df hnljB't, l;FrfO, vfg]kfgL, pBf]u, ko{6g, dT:okfng,
hn oftfoft h:tf hn;|f]t pkof]usf nflu lgdf{0f eO;s]sf /
eljiodf lgdf{0f x'g] of]hgfx¿ gbL a]l;g of]hgf tyf hn;|f]t;DaGwL
If]qut u'?of]hgf cg';f/ ;DalGwt If]qsf lgsfox¿ dfkm{t lgdf{0f /
Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 .
$= gbL a]l;gx¿sf] ;do k|efj d"Nof°g, /0fgLlts jftfj/0fLo d"Nof°g,
cfof]hgfsf jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"Nof°g jf k|f/lDes jftfj/0fLo k/LIf0f
h:tf cWoog / ljZn]if0fsf] cfwf/df hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u / Joj:yfkg
ul/g]5 .
%= k|To]s gbL a]l;gdf hn;|f]tsf] k|efjsf/L ;+/If0f, lgodg Pjd\
lgoGq0fsf] nflu gbL a]l;g u'?of]hgf tof/ u/L nfu" ul/g]5 .
^= k|To]s gbL a]l;gx¿df hn;|f]tsf] kl/df0f tyf u'0f:t/sf] l:ylt
hfgsf/L u/fpgsf] nflu hn cg'kfng k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 /
;f]sf] lgoldt cg'udg ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
&= gbL a]l;g u'?of]hgfnfO{ x/]s bz jif{df cBfjlws ul/g]5 .
*= hn;|f]tsf] Jojl:yt pkof]usf] nflu k|To]s gbLx¿df pknAw hn;|f]t
pkof]usf] nut -water accounting system_, hn afF8kmfF6 k|0ffnL
-water allocation system_ Pjd\ cg'kfng k|0ffnL -water
auditing system_ sf] cjnDjg ul/g]5 .
/0fgLlt -@_ hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ubf{ PsLs[t hn;|f]t Joj:yfkg
tyf hn;|f]tsf] ax'p2]ZoLo pkof]unfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
!= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ubf{ PsLs[t hn;|f]t Joj:yfkgsf]
cjwf/0ff cg'¿k ul/g]5 .
@= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ubf{ vfg]kfgL, l;FrfO, ljB't,
ko{6g, hn oftfoft, pBf]u, dT:okfng ;d]tsf ax'p2]ZoLo
pkof]unfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
#= s[lifof]Uo e"lddf jif}{el/ l;rfO ;'ljwf k'¥ofpg], ;j{;'ne ¿kdf
vfg]kfgL ;]jf pknAw x'g], jiff{ / ;'VvfofdaLrsf] hnljB't
7
 pTkfbg Ifdtfsf] leGgtfnfO{ sd ug]{, af9L ljkb\nfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug]{,
cf}Bf]lus k|of]hg, dT:okfng, gf}sfljxf/ h:tf hnqmL8f nufotsf
cGo k|of]hgsf nflu jif]{el/ kfgL pknAw u/fpg] ax'p2]ZoLo,
hnfzoo'Qm tyf cGt/ hnfwf/ hn:yfgfGt/0f cfof]hgfx¿sf]
ljsf;nfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
$= hn;|f]tsf] pknAwtf tyf cfjZostf cg';f/ cGt/hnfwf/ hn
:yfgfGt/0f of]hgfnfO{ ;d]t Wofgdf /flvg]5 .
%= hn;|f]tsf] Jofj;flos pkof]u, ljsf; tyf Joj:yfkgsf] nflu cg'dlt
lng' kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
^= ;Defjgf tyf cfjZostf cg';f/ ;tx / e"ldut hn;|f]tsf]
;+of]hgfTds pkof]u -Conjunctive use_ sf nflu k|fyldstf
lbOg]5 .
&= b]zdf pknAw tftf]kfgLsf] d"nx¿sf] klxrfg u/L ;f]sf] ax'p2]ZoLo
pkof]u ul/g]5 .
*= gbLgfnfx¿df kfgLsf] dfqf oy]i6 / l:y/ /fVgsf nflu hnfzox¿sf]
lgdf{0f u/L jiff{tsf] kfgLnfO{ ;~ro ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
(= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf hn;|f]t;Fu ;DalGwt cGt/f{li6«o ;+3 ;+:yfx¿;Fu
;d]t ;xsfo{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
!)= cGt/fli6«o :t/df ePsf hn;|f]t ;DaGwL ;lGw, ;Demf}tf, 3f]if0ff Pjd\
dxf;lGwx¿sf] /fli6«o lxt cg's"n x'g]u/L cfjZostfsf] cfwf/df
g]kfn kIf /fi6« x'g ;Sg]5 .
!!= b]zsf gbL tyf hnfzox¿nfO{ cfGtl/s hn oftfoftsf nflu klg
pkof]u ug{sf nflu cfjZos cWoog u/fO{ ;DefJo 7fpFdf To;sf]
ljsf; ul/g]5 .
!@= k|d'v gbLx¿af6 hn oftfoftsf] dfWodaf6 ;d'b|;Dd kx'Frsf] Joj:yf
ug{ l5d]sL /fi6«;Fusf] ;xsfo{nfO{ tLj|tf lbOg]5 . k|d'v gbLx¿df
klxrfg ePsf a[xt cfsf/sf ax'p2]ZoLo cfof]hgfx¿df hn
oftfoftnfO{ cfof]hgfsf] Ps cjojsf] ?kdf ;dfj]z ul/g]5 .

8
/0fgLlt -#_ hn;|f]t If]qsf] ;+/If0f, ljsf;, Joj:yfkg tyf lgodgsf nflu
;+:yfut Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
!= hn;|f]t If]qsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg, tYofª\s ;ª\sng, ljZn]if0f,
clen]vLs/0f, lgodg tyf ;+/If0fsf] nflu hn tyf pmhf{ cfof]u /xg]5
/ To;sf] dftxtdf cfjZostf cg'¿k cGo sfof{nox¿sf] Joj:yf
ug{ ;lsg]5 .
@= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u ljsf;, Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0f ug{sf nflu ;+3df
ljifout lgsfox¿ tyf ltgsf dftxtdf cfjZostf cg'¿k cGo
sfof{nox¿ /xg ;Sg]5g\ .
#= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, ljsf;, Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0fsf nflu k|b]z tyf
:yfgLo txdf cfjZostf cg';f/ lgsfox¿ :yfkgf ul/g] 5 .
$= hn;|f]tsf] Jofj;flos pkof]u u/] afkt pkof]ustf{n] ltg{'kg]{ z'NsnfO{
sfg"gdfkm{t Jojl:yt ul/g]5 .
%= cGt/f{li6«o tyf ;Ldf gbLx¿sf] pkof]u Joj:yfkg, ;+/If0f tyf ljjfb
;dfwfg ug{sf nflu ;+:yfut ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
^= ;Ldf gbLx¿sf] pkof]u, Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0f Gofof]lrt ljt/0fsf]
l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df /fli6«o lxtnfO{ k|fyfldstfdf /fvL cfk;L ;dGjo,
;xsfo{ tyf ;xdltsf] cfwf/df ul/g]5 .
/0fgLlt -$_ hn;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f / ljsf;df lghL If]q tyf ;DalGwt
;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xeflutfdf clej[l4 ul/g]5 .
gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
!= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf cWoog, cg';Gwfg, pkof]u Joj:yfkg, ;+/If0f ug]{
sfo{x¿df ;/sf/L, cw{;/sf/L, lghL, pkef]Qmf :yfgLo ;d'bfo lj1
;d"x Pjd\ JolQmx¿nfO{ ;xefuL u/fOg]5 .

9
 @= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf ;/sf/L, lghL / :yfgLo ;d'bfox¿n] ug]{ sfo{x¿
Pjd\ ;fem]bf/Ldf ul/g] sfo{nfO{ sfg"gL Joj:yf u/L lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .
#= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf lghL ;xeflutf Pjd\ ;fj{hlgs lghL ;fem]bf/L
Joj:yfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
$= lghL If]qaf6 cWoog, ljsf; Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ul/Psf cfof]hgfx¿df
pkof]u eO/x]sf] kfgLsf] ljj/0f Pj+ tYofª\s tf]lsPsf] u'0f:t/df
;DalGwt ;/sf/L lgsfodf pknAw u/fpg lhDd]jf/ agfOg]5 .
%= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf ;xefuL ePsf JolQm tyf lgsfox¿ tyf tL dfkm{t
;+rflnt sfo{x¿sf] lgoldt cg'udg Pjd\ lgodg ul/g]5 .
^= hn;|f]t If]qdf lghL If]q ;d]tsf] nufgL cfslif{t ug{ cfjZos gLltut
;'wf/ ul/g] 5 .
&= hn;|f]t If]q;Fu ;DalGwt lgsfox¿sf] aLrdf cfk;L ;dGjo tyf
;xsfo{sf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*= gbL lgoGq0f Pjd\ Joj:yfkgaf6 psf; ePsf hldgsf] pkof]u nfe
nfutsf] cfwf/df ul/g]5 .
/0fgLlt -%_ hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf cWoog, cg';Gwfgsf] lj:tf/ ul/g'sf ;fy}
pknAw 1fg tyf tYofª\ssf] clen]vLs/0f, ljZn]if0f tyf k|of]u clej[l4 ul/g]5 .
gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
!= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|fyldstf
lbOg]5 .
@= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf cWoog, cg';Gwfg, ;+/If0f ug]{ JolQm tyf
lgsfox¿n] ;DalGwt ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 cfjZos ;xdlt jf cg'dlt
lng'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
#= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf ePsf ;Dk"0f{ cWoog, cg';Gwfg,
pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL sfo{x¿sf] PsLs[t ¿kdf tYofª\s
Pjd\ ljj/0fx¿sf] ;+sng / clen]vLs/0f ug]{ sfo{nfO{ Jojl:yt
ul/g]5 .

10
$= k|To]s gbL a]l;gdf /x]sf] hn;|f]tsf] pknAwtf, kl/df0f, u'0f:t/,
ljBdfg pkof]u, efjL cfjZostf / cfk"lt{ l:ylt;DaGwL ljj/0f tyf
tYofª\s tof/ u/L cBfjlws ul/g]5 .
%= k|To]s gbL a]l;gsf] hn;|f]tdf e}/x]sf] bf]xg tyf k|b"if0f / vf]nfgfnf
tyf tfntn}ofx¿sf] cfs[ltdf kl//x]sf] c;/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f tyf
tYofª\s tof/ u/L cBfjlws ul/g]5 .
^= k|To]s gbL a]l;gdf /x]sf] hnr/, jg:klt tyf hn;|f]tdf cfl>t
aGohGt'x¿sf] cfjZos ljj/0f tyf tYofª\s /flvg]5 .
&= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0f / lgodg;DaGwL
cWoog tyf cg';Gwfgsf nflu pknAw Ifdtf, gjLgtd k|ljlw tyf
df]8]nx¿sf] ljsf; tyf k|of]u ul/g]5 .
*= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf ePsf ;Dk"0f{ ljj/0f tyf tYofª\snfO{ ljB'tLo
k|0ffnLdf clen]vLs/0f ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
(= z}lIfs ;+:yf, cw{;/sf/L tyf u}x|;/sf/L nufot lghL If]qsf
lgsfox¿n] hn;|f]t If]qdf u/]sf cWoog cg';Gwfgx¿sf] tYofª\s
;ª\sng Pjd\ u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f u/L ltgsf] PsLs[t ¿kdf clen]v /fVg]
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!)= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf ePsf cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf lgisif{x¿nfO{ k|;f/–
k|rf/ tyf k|sfzg ul/g]5 .
!!= hn;|f]t ;DaGwL cfof]hgfx¿sf] cWoogsf] qmddf hn;|f]t ;DaGwL
h}ljs ljljwtfsf] kIfnfO{ klg ;dfj]z ul/g]5 .
!@= hn;|f]tsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg, ljsf;, Joj:yfkg, lgodg / ;+/If0fsf]
If]qdf pTs[i6 sfd ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ plrt k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
!#= hn;|f]tsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg, pkof]u, Joj:yfkg / ;+/If0f If]qdf
;xefuL x'g] JolQm jf ;+:yfx¿nfO{ hn;|f]t;DaGwL lgsfox¿af6
sfddf bf]xf]/f]kg gx'g] u/L ;xdlt jf cg'dlt lbg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .

11
/0fgLlt -^_ hn;|f]t If]q;Fu ;DalGwt ;+:yf tyf hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf;
ul/g]5 .
gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
!= hn;|f]t If]q;Fu ;DalGwt JolQm Pjd\ ;+3–;+:yfx¿sf] 1fg, ;Lk, Ifdtf
/ lj1tfnfO{ yk ;'b[9Ls/0f ub}{ nlug]5 .
@= hn;|f]tsf] cfjZostf / dxTj ;DaGwdf ljleGg dfWodx¿ k|of]u u/L
Jofks 1fg ;Dk|]if0f ug{'sf ;fy} hgr]tgfsf] clej[l4 ul/g]5 .
#= hn;|f]tsf] cfjZostf, dxTj, pkof]u, ;+/If0f tyf lgodgsf] af/]df
tflnd, uf]i7L, ;]ldgf/, cGt/lqmof, h:tf sfo{qmdx¿dfkm{t :yfgLo
;d'bfo, /fhgLltsdL{, gful/s ;dfh, of]hgfsf/ / lg0f{ostf{ aLr
Jofks hgr]tgfsf] clej[l4 u/fOg]5 .
$= hn;|f]tsf] cfjZostf, dxTj, pkof]u, ;+/If0f tyf lgodgsf]
af/]df ljBfno txb]lv ljZjljBfno tx;Ddsf z}lIfs kf7\oqmdx¿df
;dfj]z u/L cWoog cWofkg u/fpg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
%= hn;|f]tsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0fsf nflu cfjZos k|of]uzfnfx¿sf] :yfkgf
ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
/0fgLlt -&_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] e"ldsf / bfloTj k|i6 u/L ;dGjofTds
tj/n] hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 .
gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
!= hn;|f]tsf] If]qdf ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo tx aLrdf gLltut tyf sfo{ut
;dGjo, ;xsfo{ / ;xhLs/0f ug{ cfjZos ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
@= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, Joj:yfkg, lgodg / ;+/If0f ug{sf] nflu ;+3, k|b]z
/ :yfgLo txaLr bfloTj tyf sfo{If]qsf] afF8kmfF6 sfg"gdfkm{t k|i6
ul/g]5 .

12
 #, hn;|f]t If]q;Fu ;DalGwt lgsfo tyf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox¿sf] aLrdf
;dGjo, ;xsfo{ tyf sfo{If]qsf] afF8kmfF6 ul/g]5 .
$= hn;|f]tsf] Jofj;flos pkof]uaf6 k|fKt x'g] cfDbfgLnfO{ sfg"g
adf]lhd ;DalGwt ;d'bfo tyf ;/sf/L lgsfox¿sf] aLrdf afF8kmfF6
Pjd\ ljt/0f ug]{ Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
/0fgLlt -*_ hn;|f]tsf] cfof]hgfx¿af6 k|efljt If]q tyf ;d'bfox¿sf] ;'/Iff
Pjd\ ;+/If0f ul/g]5 .
gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
!= hn;|f]t cfof]hgfx¿n] cf]u6]sf] :yfg, If]q / ;+/rgfx¿sf] e/kbf]{
;'/Iff Pjd\ ;+/If0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
@= hn;|f]t;Fu ;DalGwt cfof]hgfx¿sf] lgdf{0fsf] sf/0fn] k|efljt dfgj
;d'bfox¿sf] ;'/Iff / ;+/If0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
#= ;8s, l;+rfO, ;x/L ljsf;, pBf]u, Jofj;flos ejg h:tf ef}lts
k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f sfo{ ubf{ hn;|f]t;DaGwL ljBdfg, lgdf{0ffwLg tyf
u'?of]hgf adf]lhd lgdf{0f x'g] cfof]hgfsf ;+/rgfx¿, cfof]hgf:yn
tyf If]qx¿df k|lts"n c;/ gkg]{ u/L ul/g]5 .
$= hn;|f]t ;DaGwL ljBdfg, lgdf{0ffwLg tyf eljiodf lgdf{0f x'g]
cfof]hgfsf ;+/rgfx¿, cfof]hgf:yn tyf If]qx¿sf] 8«OË l8hfOg,
gfk gS;fx¿ / ef}lts ;DklQ;DaGwL ljj/0fx¿ cBfjlws u/L ;'/lIft
¿kn] /flvg]5 .
%= hn;|f]tsf clt dxTjk"0f{ Pjd\ ;+j]bgzLn If]qx¿nfO{ hn;|f]t ;+/lIft
If]q 3f]if0ff ul/g]5 .
^= hn;|f]t cfof]hgfx¿sf] lj:t[t cfof]hgf k|ltj]bg tof/ ubf{ g}
cfof]hgfaf6 k|efljt x'g] ;d'bfox¿sf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf
;fF:s[lts kIfdf kg]{ c;/x¿sf] cWoog ljZn]if0f ul/g]5 .
&= cfof]hgfaf6 k|efljt e} k"0f{¿kdf lj:yflkt x'g] JolQm tyf ;d"xnfO{
adf]lhd plrt k'gaf{; tyf k'g+:{yfkgf ul/g]5 . k|rlnt sfg"g
adf]lhd plrt kga{f; tyf k'g:{yfkgf ul/g]5 .

13
 *= cfof]hgfaf6 k|efljt Pjd\ lj:yflkt ;d'bfox¿nfO{ k'gaf{; tyf
k'g:{yfkgf ubf{ oyfzSo lghx¿n] ckgfO/x]sf] ;fljs adf]lhds} k]zf
/ Joj;fosf] lg/Gt/tf x'g] u/L Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
(, cfof]hgfaf6 k|efljt Pjd\ lj:yflkt ;d'bfox¿nfO{ Ifdtf cg';f/sf]
;Dej eP;Dd cfof]hgfaf6 k|fKt x'g] /f]huf/L Pjd\ z]o/sf] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
!)= cfof]hgfaf6 k|efljt Pjd\ lj:yflkt ;d'bfox¿nfO{ hLljsf]kfh{g /
cfocfh{g ug{sf] nflu pko'Qm Jofj;flos Pjd\ ;Lkd"ns tflndx¿
k|bfg ul/g]5 .
/0fgLlt -(_ hn;|f]t cfof]hgfx¿sf] ljsf; ubf{ ;Da4 If]qsf gful/ssf cfwf/–
e"t cfjZostf kl/k"lt{sf nflu cfjZos pmhf{, vfg]kfgL tyf l;+rfO ;'ljwf
;xh, ;'ne, ;'ky / ;dGoflos tj/n] x'g]u/L ul/g]5 .
gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
!= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]usf] nflu lgdf{0f x'g] of]hgfx¿ th{'df ubf{ hn;|f]t
u'?of]hgfaf6 cfly{s, ;fdflhs tyf jftfj/0fLo b[li6sf]0fn] clwstd
nfe tyf kmfObf k|fKt x'g] of]hgfx¿sf] lgdf{0fnfO{ pRr k|fyldstf
lbOg]5 .
@= /fli6«o lxtnfO{ ;jf]{kl/ /fvL /fli6«o k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df hn;|f]tsf]
ljsf;, Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0f ul/g]5 .
#= hn;|f]tsf] cefj ePsf ;'Vvf 6f/ tyf If]qx¿df kfgLsf] cfk"lt{sf]
nflu jiff{tsf] kfgL ;+sng -kf]v/L, 6\of+sL, 3}6f cflb_ sf ;fy} kfgL
lnlˆ6ª h:tf gjLgtd\ k|ljlwsf] k|of]unfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
$= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ug]{ df}h'bf k|ljlw tyf oGqx¿sf]
Ifdtfdf yk j[l4 tyf :t/f]Gglt ul/g]5 .
%= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkgsf] lgldQ lgdf{0f ul/g] ef}lts
;+/rgfx¿sf] nflu pko'Qm l8hfOg tyf dfkb08x¿ tof/ u/L nfu"
ul/g]5 .
14
 ^= lkpg] kfgL, 3/fo;L k|of]u, dT:okfng, l;FrfO, kz'kG5L, ljB't, pBf]u,
ko{6g h:tf If]qdf pkof]u ul/g] kfgLsf] u'0f:t/sf] dfkb08 tof/ u/L
nfu" ul/g]5 .
/0fgLlt -!)_ ;fdflhs, ;fF:s[lts Pjd\ jftfj/0fLo kIfdf kg{ ;Sg] gsf/fTds
k|efj Go"g x'g]u/L hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkg ul/g]5 .
gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
!= hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 pTkGg x'g;Sg] c;/ Pjd\ k|efjx¿;Fu cg's"ng
x'g] k|s[ltsf] of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
@= hn;|f]tdf cfl>t hnr/, jg:klt Pjd\ jGohGt'x¿sf] klxrfg u/L
ltgLx¿sf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu cfjZos kfgLsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
#= hn;|f]tsf] k|b"if0f ug]{ k|b"ifsn] cfjZos Ifltk"lt{ ltg{'kg]{ Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
$= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lgdf{0f ul/g] ef}lts
;+/rgfx¿ ;'/lIft, lbuf], u'0f:t/Lo Pjd\ jftfj/0fd}qL agfOg]5 .
%= hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u ubf{ gbLgfnfx¿df Go"gtd dfqfdf 5f]8\g'kg]{ kfgLsf]
kl/df0f tyf kfgLsf] Go"gtd u'0f:t/sf] ;DaGwdf cfjZos dfkb08
tof/ ul/g]5 .
^, hn;|f]tsf] ljsf;, Joj:yfkg Pjd\ ;~rfng ubf{ dflyNnf] tyf
tNnf] t6Lo If]qdf kg{ ;Sg] hf]lvd tyf c;/sf] d"Nof°g u/L plrt
Joj:yfkgsf pkfox¿ cjnDag ul/g]5 .
&= jftfj/0fdf k|lts"n c;/ gkg]{ u/L gbLgfnf, tfn tn}ofdf ePsf
9'Ëf, df6f], lu§L, afn'jf h:tf gbLhGo kbfy{x¿sf] plrt pkof]u,
Joj:yfkg, lgoGq0f / lgodg ul/g]5 .
*, dfgjLo cltqmd0faf6 gbLgfnf tyf tfntn}ofsf] :j¿k÷cfs[lt
laufg]{ jf gi6 ug]{u/L ul/g] sfo{nfO{ lgoGq0f ul/g]5 .
(= e"ldut hn;|f]tsf] k'ge{/0f x'g] :yfgx¿sf] klxrfg u/L To:tf
If]qx¿df ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f, a:tL ljsf; tyf xflgsf/s
kbfy{x¿sf] k|of]unfO{ lgoGq0f ul/g]5 .
15
 !)= e"ldut hn;|f]tsf] cTolws bf]xgnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ cfjZos dfkb08
agfO{ nfu" ul/g]5 .
!!= e"ldut hn;|f]tsf] ;txnfO{ 36\g glbgsf nflu k'ge{/0f ug]{ Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
!@= gbLgfnf, d"n, l;d;f/, tfntn}of h:tf hn;|f]tnfO{ k|b"lift agfpg]
u/L kmf]x/d}nf kmfNg tyf 9n ld;fpg] h:tf sfo{x¿nfO{ lgoGq0f
ul/g]5 .
!#= pBf]uwGbf tyf zx/x¿af6 lgisf;g ul/g] k|b"lift kfgLnfO{
k|zf]wg u/]/ dfq gbLgfnf, d"n, l;d;f/, tfntn}of h:tf hn;|f]tx¿df
ld;fOg]5 / ;f]sf nflu k|zf]lwt kfgLsf] u'0f:t/sf] cfjZos dfkb08
agfO{ nfu" ul/g]5 .
!$= k|zf]lwt kfgLnfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ k'g/k|of]u ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
!%, hnLo h}ljs ljljwtf tyf jftfj/0f ;+/If0fsf] b[li6sf]0fn] j}slNks
pmhf{sf] pTkfbg Pjd\ k|of]unfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g]5 .
/0fgLlt -!!_ hnfwf/ Joj:yfkgnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpFb} hnhGo ljkb\sf] lgoGq0f
Pjd\ Go"gLs/0f ul/g]5 .
gLlt tyf sfo{gLlt
!= hnhGo ljkb\x¿sf] lgoGq0f Pjd\ Go"gLs/0fsf nflu PsLs[t hnfwf/
Joj:yfkgnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
@= k|To]s gbL a]l;g :t/sf] af9L, 8'afg, s6fg ;DaGwL gS;f / e"–Ifo
tyf klx/f] hf]lvd gS;f tof/ ul/g]5 / ;f] gS;fsf] cfwf/df hnhGo
ljkbx¿sf] lgoGq0f Pjd\ Joj:yfkgsf of]hgfx¿ nfu" ul/g]5 .
#= af9L, klx/f], 8'afg, s6fg, e"–Ifo tyf klx/f] h:tf hf]lvdk"0f{
:yfgx¿df ePsf ufpFj:tL tyf ;d'bfox¿nfO{ ;'/lIft :yfgdf ;fg{sf
nflu ;DalGwt lgsfox¿sf] ;dGjodf To:tf :yfgx¿sf] klxrfg tyf
5gf}6 ul/g]5 .

16
$= af9L, klx/f], 8'jfg, s6fg h:tf hnhGo ljkb\x?sf] k|efjsf/L lgoGq0f
Pj+ Go"gLs/0f ug{sf nflu gbLgfnfx¿df afFw, t6aGw nufot
hnfzox¿sf] lgdf{0f ul/g]5 . ;fy} cfjZostf cg'¿k cGt/ hnfwf/
:yfgfGt/0f ug]{ sfo{sf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
%= e"–Ifo tyf klx/f] h:tf hnhGo ljkb\ lgoGq0f Pj+ Go"gLs/0fsf] nflu
gjLgtd Pj+ k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk / k|ljlwx?sf] pkof]u ul/g]5 .
^= cltj[li6, cgfj[li6, ;'Vvf, v8]/L, lxdtfn lj:kmf]6g, gbLgfnf y'lgP/
PSsf;L km'6\g] h:tf ck|Tofl;t ¿kdf cfOkg]{ hf]lvdx¿sf] k|efjaf6
;'/lIft x'g] pko'Qm pkfo tyf k|ljlwx¿sf] cjnDag ul/g]5 .
&= hf]lvdo'Qm cj:yfdf /x]sf lxdgbL tyf lxdtfnx¿sf] l:yltx¿sf]
cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg u/L ;f]sf] tYofª\s Pj+ ljj/0fx¿nfO{ cwfjlws
ul//fVg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
*= hnhGo ljkb\;DaGwL cfktsfnLg cj:yfnfO{ Wofg lbO{ clt cfjZos
tf/, 9'Ëf, afF;, 6]6«fkf]8, k/s'kfOg, Ans, hfnL, af]/f, afn'jf h:tf
;fdfu|Lx¿nfO{ k"j{ tof/L cj:yfdf /fVg] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
(= hnjfo';DaGwL tYofª\snfO{ cBfjlws u/L /flvg]5 . ;fy} e/kbf{]
tYof°sf nflu gbL a]l;g If]qx¿df cfjZostf cg';f/ hndfkg /
df};d dfkg;DaGwL s]Gb|x¿sf] :yfkgf tyf pks/0fx¿ h8fg ul/g]5 .
!), hn tyf df};d;DaGwL k"jf{g'dfgnfO{ e/kbf{] / ljZjf;of]Uo agfpg
k|efjsf/L k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
!!= hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 pTkGg x'g;Sg] c;/ Pjd\ k|efjx¿;Fu cg's"ng
ug{sf nflu jiff{tsf] kfgL ;ª\sng, ;–;fgf kf]v/L lgdf{0f, yf]kf tyf
kmf]x/f l;+rfO, lnlˆ6Ë k|ljlw, kfOk k|ljlw, 6g]n v]tL, s[lqd jiff{t\
tyf er{'cn jf6/ k|of]u h:tf k/Dk/fut Pj+ gjLgtd k|ljlwx¿sf]
cjnDag ul/g]5 .

17
 !@= k|To]s gbLgfnfx¿df af9L tyf 8'afg If]qsf] klxrfg ul/g]5 / To:tf
hf]lvd If]qx¿df a:tL ljsf; tyf lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ /f]s nufOg]5 .
!#= cfktsfnLg ¿kdf tTsfn ug{'kg]{ hnpTkGg ljkb\sf] lgoGq0f tyf
Joj:yfkg ug{ :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] Ifdtf j[l4 ul/g]5 .
!$= ;DalGwt lgsfo;Fusf] ;dGjodf r'/] kxf8df x'g] 9'Ëf lu§L afn'jfsf]
cJojl:yt pTvggnfO{ lgoGq0f ul/g]5 .
!%= hnfwf/ If]qx¿df lgdf{0f ul/g] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf sfo{x¿
jftfj/0fd}qL agfOg]5 .
!^= hnfwf/ If]qdf ePsf jg hËnx¿sf] ;+/If0f ul/g]5 / jg hËn
gePsf vfnL hldgx¿df j[Iff/f]k0f ul/g]5 .
!&, hnfwf/ If]qdf ePsf gbLgfnf, d"n, l;d;f/, tfntn}of, 9'Ë]wf/f h:tf
kfgLsf ;|f]tx¿sf] klxrfg u/L ;+/If0f ul/g]5 .
!!= ;+:yfut Joj:yfM
hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, ljsf;, Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0fsf nflu ;+3, k|b]z /
:yfgLo txdf plrt ;+:yfut k|aGw ul/g]5 . o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu
;+3Lo txdf dGqfno, ljefu, cfof]u, k|flws/0f, cfof]hgf / ;ldlt
/xg] 5g\ . k|b]z:t/df dGqfno, lgb]{zgfno tyf ljifout sfof{nox¿ / :yfgLo
txdf ;DalGwt sfof{nox¿sf] Ifdtf ljsf; u/L kl/rfng ul/g]5 .
!@= sfg"gL Joj:yfM
o; hn;|f]t gLltsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ sfg"gx¿ th{'df
tyf kl/dfh{g ul/g]5 .
!#= cg'udg tyf d"Nof°gM
o; hn;|f]t gLltsf k|fjwfgx¿sf] sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg tyf d"Nof°g ljleGg
txaf6 x'g]5 . o;sf] cg'udg ;du| ¿kdf pmhf{, hn;|f]t tyf l;+rfO dGqfno
Pjd\ hn tyf pmhf{ cfof]uaf6 ul/g]5 . o;sf cltl/Qm k|b]z / :yfgLo txn]
18
;d]t cfk\mgf] If]qleq gLlt sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg ug]{5g\ . o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjog
l:ylt / o;sf] ;fGble{stf, k|efjsfl/tf tyf ;+efJo k|efjsf] d"NofÍg /fli6«o
of]hgf cfof]udfkm{t ;f]em} jf t];|f] kIfsf] ;+nUgtfdf u/fOg]5 .
!$= If]qut gLlt tyf gLltsf] kl/dfh{gM
o; hn;|f]t gLltsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos If]qut gLltx¿
;d]t th{'df ug{ ;lsg]5 . o; /fli6«o hn;|f]t gLlt cg's"n gePsf cGo gLltx¿
o; gLlt cg'¿k x'g]u/L kl/dfh{g ul/g]5 .
!%= hf]lvd tyf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox¿M
c= hf]lvdx¿
-s_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf ljleGg lgsfox¿aLrsf] ;dGjo
tyf ;xsfo{df dfq gLltn] /fv]sf p2]Zox¿ xfl;n x'g]
ePsfn] o:tf] sfo{k4lt ckgfO{ ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{ ;~rfng
ug{' .
-v_ hn;|f]tsf] ax'cfoflds lx;fan] PsLs[t ¿kdf ;+/If0f /
ljsf; ug{ 7"nf] ;fwgsf] cfjZos kg]{ / o;sf nflu kof{Kt
;fj{hlgs jh]6 ljlgof]hg / ljb]zL ;xof]u tyf nufgL
;d]t kl/rfng ug{' .
-u_ hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; / pkof]u;DaGwL If]qut sfo{qmd
;~rfng ug]{ dGqfno tyf lgsfodf cfjZos kg]{ ;+:yfut
Ifdtf / hgzlQm ljsf; tyf pgLx¿sf] ;]jf lg/Gt/tf .
cf= hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox¿M
-s_ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf ljleGg lgsfox¿aLrsf] ;dGjo,
;xsfo{ tyf ;xhLs/0fsf nflu ;Ifd ;+oGqsf] Joj:yf
ul/g'sf ;fy} hn;|f]tsf] pkof]u, Joj:yfkg, lgodg /
;+/If0fsf nflu ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txaLr lhDd]jf/L tyf
sfo{If]q lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .

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 -v_ hn;|f]tsf] PsLs[t ¿kdf ljsf; / ;+/If0f ug{ cfjZos kg]{
;|f]t ;fwg tyf nufgL ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] k|fyldstf
x'g]5 . ;fy} ;DefJo j}b]lzs ;|f]tsf] ;d]t clwstd kl/rfng
ul/g]5 .
-u_ hn;|f]tsf] ljsf; / pkof]u ;DaGwL If]qut sfo{qmd
;~rfng ug]{ lgsfodf cfjZos kg]{ ;+:yfut Ifdtf ;'b[9
ug{'sf ;fy} hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf ljsf; ul/g]5 . hn;|f]t If]qdf
ePsf cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf o; If]qsf lj1x¿sf] ljj/0f
cWofjlws u/L o; gLltsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ ;xof]u lnOg]5 .

20