PODAR INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Practice sheet
Answer scheme
Std: X Topic: 12.3 Electricity
Subject: Physics

Q.
no.
1. 400 J of heat is produced in 4 s in a 4 Ω resistor. Find potential difference across the
resistor. (Board 2011)
ans: 𝑽𝟐 𝒕
𝑯=
𝑹

𝑽𝟐 × 𝟒
𝟒𝟎𝟎 =
𝟒

𝑽 = 𝟐𝟎 𝑽

2. Why tungsten is exclusively used for making filaments of electric lamps?

ans: Tungsten has high resistivity, hence its get heated and emit light.
But because of its high melting point, it does not melt easily at high temperature.
Thus, tungsten is exclusively used for making filaments of electric lamps

3. An electric iron consumes energy at a rate of 880 W when heating is at the maximum and
330 W when the heating is at the minimum. The voltage at which it is running is 220 V. What
are the current and resistance values in each case? (Board 2012)
ans: 𝑷𝟏
𝑰𝟏 =
𝑽
𝟖𝟖𝟎
∴ 𝑰𝟏 =
𝟐𝟐𝟎
∴ 𝑰𝟏 = 𝟒 𝑨

𝑷𝟐
𝑰𝟐 =
𝑽
𝟑𝟑𝟎
∴ 𝑰𝟐 =
𝟐𝟐𝟎
∴ 𝑰𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟓 𝑨

By Ohm’s law,
1
 𝑽 = 𝑰 𝟏 𝑹𝟏
𝑽
∴ 𝑹𝟏 =
𝑰𝟏
𝟐𝟐𝟎
∴ 𝑹𝟏 =
𝟒
∴ 𝑹𝟏 = 𝟓𝟓 Ω

𝑽 = 𝑰 𝟐 𝑹𝟐
𝑽
∴ 𝑹𝟐 =
𝑰𝟐
𝟐𝟐𝟎
∴ 𝑹𝟐 =
𝟏. 𝟓
∴ 𝑹𝟏 = 𝟏𝟒𝟔. 𝟔 Ω

4. Draw schematic diagram of an electric circuit comprising of 3 cells and an electric bulb,
ammeter, plug key in the ON mode and another with same components but with two bulbs
in parallel and a voltmeter across the combination.
ans:

5. In a circuit, if two resistors of 4 ohm and 8 ohm are connected in parallel, find out the ratio of
current passing through two resistors.
ans: 𝑹𝟏 = 𝟒𝛀
𝑹𝟐 = 𝟖𝛀
Potential difference= V
𝑽 𝑽
𝑰𝟏 = =
𝑹𝟏 𝟒𝛀
𝑽 𝑽
𝑰𝟐 = =
𝑹𝟐 𝟖𝛀
𝑰𝟏 𝑽⁄𝟒𝛀 𝟖 𝟐
= = =
𝑰𝟐 𝑽⁄ 𝟒 𝟏
𝟖𝛀

2
 𝑰𝟏 : 𝑰𝟐 = 𝟐: 𝟏

6. An electric room heater is rated at 2 kW. Calculate the cost of using it for 2 hours daily for
the month of September, if each unit cost `4.
ans: September has 30 days.
Time (t) =2 hours for 30 days = 2 x 30 = 60 hours
Electrical energy used in September = Power (in kW) x Time (in hours)
= 2 kW x 60 h
= 120 kWh or 120 units

Cost = total units consumed x cost of one unit

= 120 x 4
= `480

7. Calculate the number of electrons constituting one coulomb of charge.

(charge on 1 electron = 1.6 x 10-19 C) [Board 2013]
ans: 𝒒 𝟏
𝒏= = = 𝟔. 𝟐𝟓 𝐱 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟖
𝒆 𝟏. 𝟔 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟗

8. Two conducting wires of same material and of equal lengths and equal diameters are first
connected in series and then in parallel in a circuit across the same potential difference.
What is the ratio of heat produced in series and parallel combination for the same time
duration?
ans: Resistance of both the wires would be same as their length, diameter and material are
same. Let it be Rw.

When connected in series:

Rs = Rw + Rw = 2Rw
𝐕𝟐𝐭
Heat produced (Hs) = 𝐑
𝐕𝟐𝐭
=𝟐𝐑
𝐰

When connected in parallel:

1 1
Rp = + = 0.5 Rw
R R
w w
𝐕𝟐𝐭
Heat produced (Hp) = 𝐑
𝐕𝟐𝐭
=𝟎.𝟓𝐑
𝐰

2
V t
H 2R 0.5 1
s w
Ratio = = = =
H V t
2 2 4
p
0.5R
w

3
 9. The electrical resistivities of three materials A, B and C are given below:
A 1 x 10 -8 Ω m
B 1 x 10 15 Ω m
C 100 x 10 -6 Ω m
Which material will be used for making the following: (Justify your answers)
i. covering of connecting wires for insulation?
ii. a heating element of an electric geyser?
ans: i. Material B
it has very high resistivity, thus a bad conductor of electricity
ii. Material C
heating element should be a good conductor of electricity as well as have good
resistance. Among the three, A and C are conductors, and C has high resistivity.

10. Find the equivalent resistance across the two ends A and B of this circuit.

ans: 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐
𝑹𝟏,𝟐
= 𝑹𝟏
+𝑹 = 𝟐
+𝟐 = 𝟐
=𝟏𝛀
𝟐
Similarly,
𝑹𝟑,𝟒 = 𝟏 𝛀.
𝑹𝟓,𝟔 = 𝟏 𝛀
𝑹𝟕,𝟖 = 𝟏 𝛀
Now, 𝑹𝟏,𝟐 and 𝑹𝟑,𝟒 are connected in series
𝑹𝟏,𝟐,𝟑,𝟒 = 𝟏 + 𝟏 = 𝟐 𝛀
Also, 𝑹𝟓,𝟔 and 𝑹𝟕,𝟖 are connected in series
𝑹𝟓,𝟔,𝟕,𝟖 = 𝟏 + 𝟏 = 𝟐 𝛀
Now, equivalent resistance
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐
𝑹
= 𝑹𝟏,𝟐,𝟑,𝟒
+𝑹 = 𝟐
+𝟐= 𝟐
= 𝟏𝛀
𝟓,𝟔,𝟕,𝟖
𝑹=𝟏𝛀

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