QFM^M
QCQPMIF @M FWFECFËÁL M@]AFACLHFE @M ^M_HFIO]AL

?>67
EÉHK]F ^L_P]K]MQF M IFPMIÆPCAF

1´ fhl `l Af`mrhl
Mhschl Iã`cl
A6?>1
Hlim `l mstu`fhtm
 

@ftf `m Hfsacimhtl `l mstu`fhtm

 Afrl(f) mstu`fhtm,
Afrl(f)

Wlaä mstæ pfrtcacpfh`l `l Qcstmif `m Fvfecfëál M`uafaclhfe `m ^mrhfioual - QFM^M. Quf pfrtcacpfëál
ã iuctl ciplrtfhtm pfrf sfomrils alil mstæ f m`uafëál mi hlssl mstf`l.
• Mstm af`mrhl ã aliplstl `m qumstýms `m Eéhkuf ^lrtukumsf m Iftmiætcaf, feãi `m ui
qumstclhærcl.
• Ftmhëál4 fekuifs qumstýms täi 0 fetmrhftcvfs `m rmsplstf, lutrfs täi = fetmrhftcvfs.
• _msmrvm ls ôetcils ?> ichutls pfrf trfhsarmvmr sufs rmsplstfs pfrf l afrtál `m rmsplstfs.
Auc`f`l m iuctf ftmhëál ali f lr`mi `fs qumstýms pfrf gfzmr f ifrafëál.
• _msplh`f ali afeif, prlaurfh`l hál `mcxfr hmhbuif qumstál mi orfhal.
Oli tmstm!
EI1MI
 

A6?>1

FPMHËÁL!
 Fklrf, vlaä vfc
vfc rmsplh`mr f qumstýms
qumstýms `m Eéhkuf ^lrtukumsf.
^lrtukumsf.

Emcf l tmxtl fofcxl.

F pcplaf
 F auechærcf im gfsachf. @m vmz mi qufh`l
qufh`l mu ftã
ftã im ftrmvl
ftrmvl f alzchbfr
alzchbfr.. Ifs l gftl ã qum

slu
slormifcs alipmtmhtm
alic`fs ali fs pfefvrfs
qum alzchbf`l. Z...Y qum ali fs pfhmefs. ^lr cssl tmhbl ifcs msarctl
 Fs alic`fs Z...Y prlvlafi f ichbf afpfac`f`m `m slhbfr slhbfr.. Huhaf cifkchmc, mhtrmtfhtl,
= qum Z...Y ui `cf Z...Y f pcplaf crcf im gfzmr slhbfr.
slhbfr. ^lcs glc prmacsfimhtm cssl qum falhtmamu.
 F pcplaf,
pcplaf, icebl icrrf`l,
icrrf`l, králs rm`lh`ls
rm`lh`ls m `urls, Z...Y.
Z...Y.
Glssm mu fkrcauetlr ckhlrfhtm, m sm hl imcl `ls imus icebls krfô`ls fpfrmamssmi
fqumefs mspckfs hfhcafs, mu gcafrcf orfvl Z...Y. Bluvm fekuãi qum tmvm f c`mcf `m `mouebfr
fs mspckfs m alelaæ-efs huif pfhmef slorm l glkl, mspmrfh`l qum fssci ls králs Z...Y
6> pu`mssmi smr alic`ls. Bfvmh`l grfafssf`l f mxpmrcähacf ali ækuf, tmhtlu f klr`urf.
Z...Y _mpmhtchfimhtm ls králs alimëfrfi f mstlurfr, Z...Y. Ifs l mxtrflr`chærcl mrf l qum
falhtmacf ali mems4 ls králs `urls qumorf-`mhtms sm trfhsglrifvfi mi gelrms orfhafs m
ifacfs qum ftã fs arcfhëfs pl`cfi alimr. Z...Y
Z...Y Fssci falhtmam ali f kmhtm. Fs krfh`ms trfhsglrifëýms falhtmami qufh`l
6= pfssfils pmel glkl. Vumi hál pfssf pmel glkl gcaf `l imsil dmctl Z...Y. Qál pmsslfs `m
uif imsicam m `urmzf fssliorlsf. Qñ qum mefs hál pmramomi. Fabfi Fabfi qum l smu dmctl `m
smr ã l imeblr dmctl `m smr. Z...Y
Cifkchl qum f plorm pcplaf, gmabf`f `mhtrl `f pfhmef, eæ `mhtrl gcafh`l af`f vmz ifcs
qumhtm, pmhsm qum suf blrf abmklu4 vfc ilrrmr. @m `mhtrl `m suf afsaf `urf, Z...Y mef
?> hál pl`m cifkchfr `mstchl `cgmrmhtm. Hál pl`m cifkchfr f trfhsglrifëál qum mstæ smh`l
prmpfrf`f. Z...Y Fé, smi fvcsl prãvcl, pmel pl`mr `l glkl, f krfh`m trfhsglrifëál falhtmam4
pui! ‑ m mef fpfrmam alil uif lutrf alcsf Z...Y qum mef imsif huhaf bfvcf slhbf`l. Ã f
efkfrtf rfstmdfhtm m gmcf qum surkm `l afsuel alil olrolemtf vlfhtm.
Mi Ichfs, tl`l iuh`l sfom l qum ã pcruæ. Z...Y ^cruæ ã l icebl Z...Y qum sm rmausf f
?= mstlurfr. Z...Y
Ifs fabl qum l pl`mr imtfgñrcal `ls pcruæs ã iuctl ifclr. ^cruæs sál fqumefs pmsslfs
qum, plr ifcs qum l glkl msqumhtm, sm rmausfi f iu`fr. Z...Y Wál gcafr `urfs f vc`f chtmcrf.
Hál vál sm trfhsglrifr hf gelr orfhaf ifacf. Hál vál `fr femkrcf pfrf hchkuãi. Z...Y
 FEWMQ,
 FEWMQ, _uomi. @csplhévme mi4 5bttp4//www.ruomifevms.ali.or/sctm/6>ifcs\
5bttp4//www.ruomifevms.ali.or/sctm/6>ifcs\>6.pbp8.
>6.pbp8. Famssl mi4
mi4 ; due. ?>60. *F`fptf`l4 _mglrif
_mglrif Lrtlkrægcaf.
Grfkimhtl. (^6?>?>?B7\Q
(^6?>?>?B7\Q]^)
]^)
>6) (^6?>?>?B7) Vufe ã l kähmrl `mssm tmxtl<
 F) Fhôhacl.
O) Arðhcaf.
A) _mamctf.
@) _mplrtfkmi.
M) _msmhbf.

>?) (^6?>?>1B7) Hmssm tmxtl, l trmabl qum fprmsmhtf f chglrifëál prchacpfe ã4

 F) ―@m vmz mi qufh`l mu ftã im ftrmvl
ftrmvl f alzchbfr.’.
alzchbfr.’. (ℑ. 6)
O) ―Ifs l gftl ã qum slu ifcs alipmtmhtm ali fs pfefvrfs qum ali fs pfhmefs.’. (ℑ. 6-?)
A) ―Fs alic`fs Z...Y prlvlafi f ichbf afpfac`f`m `m slhbfr.’. (ℑ. 0)
@) ―Fs krfh`ms trfhsglrifëýms falhtmami qufh`l pfssfils pmel glkl.’. (ℑ. 60-6=)
M) ―Mi Ichfs, tl`l iuh`l sfom l qum ã pcruæ.’. (ℑ. ?0)
 OE>?^6?
6

A6?>1

Emcf hlvfimhtm l tmxtl ―F pcplaf’ pfrf rmsplh`mr îs qumstýms fofcxl.

>1) (^6?>?>2B7) Hl trmabl ―... qum mef imsif huhaf bfvcf slhbf`l.’ (ℑ. ??), l tmril mi `mstfqum rmgmrm-sm f
 F) olrolemtf vlfhtm.
vlfhtm.
O) afsaf.
A) efkfrtf rfstmdfhtm.
@) pfhmef.
M) pcplaf.

>0) (^6?>?>=B7) Hl trmabl ―... m sm hl imcl `ls imus icebls krfô`ls fpfrmamssmi fqumefs mspckfs...’. (ℑ. ;-2),
l tmril mi `mstfqum ifraf c`mcf `m
 F) afusf.
O) alipfrfëál.
A) alh`cëál.
@) gchfec`f`m.
M) lplscëál.

Emcf l tmxtl fofcxl.

@csplhévme mi4 5bttp4//alicasbfkfr

5 bttp4//alicasbfkfr.oelksplt.ali8.
.oelksplt.ali8. Famssl mi4 = hlv
hlv.. ?>66. (^6?>>=0G=\Q]^)

>=) (^6?>>=;G=) L builr `mssm tmxtl mstæ hl gftl `m

 F) M``cm aliprfr uiui fpctl plr afusf
afusf `l vmh`m`lr.
vmh`m`lr.
O) Bfkfr `czmr qum l M``cm ã ui slrtu`l.
A) l fickl qumstclhfr M``cm slorm l fpctl.
@) l fpctl guhaclhfr `m il`l `cgmrmhtm.
M) l sli `l fpctl smr ckufe fl `ls pftls-ocau`ls
pftls-ocau`ls..
 OE>?^6?
?

A6?>1

Emcf l tmxtl fofcxl.

F mvc`ähacf

 Fch`f qum
qum pfsimi
pfsimi ls emctlrms, fch`f qum hál farm`ctmi m pfssmi, `lrfvfhtm, f abfifr
mstm msarctlr `m imhtcrlsl m gætul, f vmr`f`m ã qum, amrtl `cf qum hál f`cfhtf prmacsfr,
mhtrfrfi hui rmstfurfhtm `m euxl, qum hál im chtmrmssf `czmr qufe smdf, ui rftchbl klr`l
m aftctf m ui mhlrim tckrm `m lebfr mstrcf`l m krfh`ms ockl`ms gmrlzms. Mhtrfrfi m, alil
= suam`m hfs bcstñrcfs `mstm tcpl, hchkuãi sm mspfhtlu, iuctl imhls l kfrëli `l rmstfurfhtm.
Mrf fpmhfs ifcs ui pfr `m grmkumsms. Mhtrf`ls ls `lcs, rftchbl m tckrm, msalebmrfi uif
imsf m sm smhtfrfi. L kfrëli fh`lu `m eæ præ aæ m `m aæ præ eæ, alil gfzmi tl`ls ls
kfrëlhs `urfhtm imcf blrf, hf prmecichfr `m ftmh`mr grmkumsms, ifs, fgchfe, ftmh`mu-ls, dæ
qum hál ebm rmstfvf lutrf plsscocec`f`m, plcs, plr ifcs qum gfëf ui kfrëli, fafof imsil
6> tmh`l qum ftmh`mr smus grmkumsms. Abmklu, plcs, l kfrëli m pmrkuhtlu fl rftchbl l qum
`msmdfvf alimr. @cssm l rftchbl, huif smkurfhëf `m alhbmam`lr4
 ‑ ^rcimcrl vlaä im trfkf _lqumglrt fu Oechhcs. @mplcs Alumr `m Ofrfttf gcemt rltc   î ef
orlabm pliims `fupbchm. Mi smkuc`f Im`fceelh Efkfrtcabm Glcm Krfs `m Qtrfsolurk . M,
alil slormimsf, im trfkf ui ^frgfct `m ocsauct Mstrfkuâm fvma Amrcsms Duoceãm . Afgã.
6= Omomrmc, `urfhtm l dfhtfr, ui Efggctm ^lrabmrrcm _ltsabce`  6310.
 6310.
 ‑ Iuctl omi ‑ `cssm l kfrëli. M, `crckch`l-sm
`crckch`l-sm fl tckrm
tckrm ‑ M l smhblr,
smhblr, qum vfc qumrmr<
qumrmr<
 ‑ Mem hál qumr hf`f ‑ `cssm l rftchbl.
 ‑ Hf`f< ‑ tlrhlu
tlrhlu l kfrëli ‑ Hál
Hál tmi fpmtctm<
 ‑ Fpmtctm< Vum
Vum fpmtctm<
fpmtctm< ‑ rlshlu l rftchbl mhrfcvmac`l
mhrfcvmac`l ‑ Z...Y Mhtál vlaä fabf qum sm mem
?> mstcvmssm ali glim mu cf fh`fr fl ef`l `mem<
Ilrfe4 Ã hmamssærcl ifhtmr f eñkcaf imsil hf gfhtfscf.
GM_HFH@MQ, Iceeðr. Gæouefs gfouelsfs. _cl `m Dfhmcrl, 6370, p. 23. (^6?>>?>G=\Q]^)

>7) (^6?>>?>G=) Hmssm tmxtl, hl trmabl ―Mi smkuc`f Im`fceelh Efkfrtcabm Glcm Krfs `m Qtrfsolurk .’
.’ (ℑ. 61),
l futlr miprmklu f pfefvrf `mstfaf`f pfrf
 F) abfifr f ftmhëál
ftmhëál pfrf f prmgmrähacf
prmgmrähacf auechærcf
auechærcf `l rftl.
O) `msarmvmr uif rmgmcëál hutrctcvf.
A) kmrfr ui tli `m builr fl pm`c`l `l rftl.
@) ilstrfr qum l rftl glc f ui rmstfurfhtm chtmrhfaclhfe.
chtmrhfaclhfe.
M) rmvmefr qum l rftl sfom gfefr grfhaäs.
>;) (^6?>>?7G=) Hmssm tmxtl, hl trmabl ―... ui rftchbl klr`l m aftctf m ui mhlrim tckrm `m lebfr mstrcf`l m
krfh`ms ockl`ms gmrlzms.’ (ℑ. 1-0), l memimhtl `f hfrrftcvf prm`lichfhtm ã
 F) f fiocmhtfëál
fiocmhtfëál `l mspfël.
O) f `msarcëál `ls pmrslhfkmhs.
A) f ifrafëál `l tmipl.
@) l aeéifx.
M) l `msgmabl.

>2) (^6?>>?=G=) L builr `mssm tmxtl mstæ hl trmabl4

 F) ―Omomrmc, `urfhtm
`urfhtm l dfhtfr,
dfhtfr, ui
ui Efggctm ^lrabmrrcm _ltsabce`  6310.’.
 6310.’. (ℑ. 6=)
O) ―‑ Mem hál qumr hf`f ‑ `cssm l rftchbl.’. (ℑ. 6;)
A) ―‑ Hf`f< ‑ tlrhlu l kfrëli ‑ Hál tmi fpmtctm<’. (ℑ. 62)
@) ―‑ Fpmtctm< Vum fpmtctm< ‑ rlshlu l rftchbl mhrfcvmac`l...’. (ℑ. 63)
M) ―Mhtál vlaä fabf qum sm mem mstcvmssm ali glim mu cf fh`fr fl ef`l `mem<’. (ℑ. 63-?>)
 OE>?^6?
1

A6?>1

Emcf l tmxtl fofcxl.

@csplhévme mi4 5bttps4//pmhsfh`lprfgrmhtm.oe

5bttps4//pmhsfh`lprfgrmhtm.oelksplt.ali8.
lksplt.ali8. Famssl mi4 ?= hlv. ?>60. (^6?>?>2G=\Q]^)

>3) (^6?>?>3G=) Hmssm tmxtl, l tmril ―chtmcrl’ glc msarctl mi tfifhbl ifclr pfrf
 F) fplhtfr surprmsf.
surprmsf.
O) mhgftczfr arétcaf.
A)
@) mxprmssfr crrctfëál.
ch`cafr krctfrcf.
M) ilstrfr `msprmzl.

Emcf l tmxtl fofcxl.

Qmkuh`f-gmcrf, 6= `m duhbl `m 630? 

Ichbf gmstf `m fhcvmrsærcl glc hl `lichkl î tfr`m. L gceim `m _ch Pch Pch gmz l ifclr
suamssl mhtrm ichbfs alemkfs `m msalef. Kfhbmc `lcs orlabms, ui ifraf`lr `m ecvrls m
`lcs ecvrls.
= Wlu alimëfr `czmh`l fekuifs alcsfs slorm ichbf msalef m ichbf turif, f alimëfr
pmels feuhls.
Omtty Oelmimh`ffe Z...Y ilrf huif ruf qum hál ã iuctl alhbmac`f, hl ef`l lmstm `m
 Fistmr`á, m hmhbuif
hmhbuif `m hñs sfom
sfom lh`m
lh`m gcaf. Mef sm `æ iuctl omi hf msalef, ifs ã plrqum
mstu`f iuctl Z...Y. Ã iuctl qucmtf.
6> Dfaqumechm vfh Iffrsmh ã, tfevmz, ichbf imeblr fickf, ifs huhaf tcvm uif fickf `m
vmr`f`m. Hl alimël, fabmc qum Dfaqum smrcf uif, ifs mstfvf rm`lh`fimhtm mhkfhf`f.Z...Y
Bmhry Imts ã uif kfrltf emkfe, tmi ui dmctl femkrm, sñ qum gfef mi vlz fetf m pfrmam
imsil uif arcfhëf qufh`l mstfils orchafh`l hl pætcl. Z...Y
Bfhhmec Klsefr Z...Y ã imcl mstrfhbf. Alstuif smr téic`f ‑ mxpfhscvf mi afsf, ifs
6= rmsmrvf`f qufh`l mstæ pmrtl `m lutrfs pmsslfs. Alhtf pfrf f iám tu`l qum f kmhtm `cz f
mef. Ifs mef `cz l qum pmhsf, m uetcifimhtm pfssmc f f`icræ-ef ofstfhtm. Z...Y
Hfhhcm vfh ^rffk-Qckffr ã pmqumhf, mhkrfëf`f m smhsévme. Fpmsfr `m sñ tmr 6? fhls, ã f
prñprcf ef`y . Fkm alil sm mu glssm ui omoä. Feãi `cssl, ã iuctl ftmhaclsf, m mu klstl `mef. Z...Y
G_FHJ, Fhhm. L `cærcl `m Fhhm Grfhj . _cl `m Dfhmcrl4 OmstOlesl, ?>6>. Grfkimhtl. (^6?>>2;B7\Q]^)

6>) (^6?>>22B7) @m falr`l ali f futlrf `mssm tmxtl, Hfhhcm vfh ^rffk-Qckffr ã
 F) m`uaf`f.
O) glglqumcrf.
A) cipecafhtm.
@) crrctfhtm.
 M) rmsmrvf`f. OE>?^6?
0

A6?>1

Emcf hlvfimhtm l tmxtl ―Qmkuh`f-gmcrf, 6= `m duhbl `m 630?’ pfrf rmsplh`mr î qumstál fofcxl.

66) (^6?>>3>B7) Hmssm tmxtl, bæ ui gftl hl trmabl4

 F) ―Ichbf gmstf
gmstf `m fhcvmrsærcl
fhcvmrsærcl glc hl `lichkl
`lichkl î tfr`m.’. (ℑ. ?)
O) ―Dfaqumechm vfh Iffrsmh ã, tfevmz, ichbf imeblr fickf,...’. (ℑ. 6>)
A) ―... fabmc qum Dfaqum smrcf uif, ifs mstfvf Z...Y mhkfhf`f.’. (ℑ. 66)
@) ―Bmhry Imts ã uif kfrltf emkfe,...’. (ℑ. 6?)
M) ―... ã iuctl ftmhaclsf, m mu klstl `mef.’. (ℑ. 62)

Emcf l tmxtl fofcxl.

@cgmrmhtm... ftã `mifcs

^lr imcl `m uif iftãrcf mi uif rmvcstf, guc fprmsmhtf`l f mstm ecvrl ui tfhtl `cgmrmhtm.
Hf vmr`f`m, mem hál ã ui plual `cgmrmhtm, ã hf vmr`f`m I]CPL! Alimamc f pmsqucsfr
slorm mem m mstrfhbmc hál mhalhtrfr hmhbuif schlpsm `l imsil. Hl Slutuom  gcqumc
ofstfhtm surprmmh`c`l ali fs amhfs, tl`fs fqumefs pmsslfs `mstruch`l smus mxmipefrms
= cipmaævmcs smi hmhbuif pcm`f`m. @cvmrsfs cifkmhs iuctl arcftcvfs slorm værcfs tãahcafs
`m `mstrucëál hl ^chtmrmst  im
 im fhcifrfi. Pu`l cssl im gmz qumrmr alhbmamr mstf lorf `m
Jmrc Qictb `m pmrtl.
L ecvrl dæ mrf ui krfh`m suamssl hls Mstf`ls ]hc`ls ali l hlim [rmajchk tbm Dlurhfes,
m, mi hlvmiorl `m ?>61, abmklu fl Orfsce alil @mstruf mssm @cærcl. F c`mcf ã scipems,
sci pems, usm
6> f arcftcvc`f`m m tfemhtl m fafom ali l smu mxmipefr rmfeczfh`l tfrmgfs `uvc`lsfs m omi
mstrfhbfs, tfcs alil ―efiof mstf pækchf’, ―ifstckum mstf’, ―pfssm alic`f fquc’. Alhgmssl
qum iuctfs `fs ftcvc`f`ms tcvm ofstfhtm rmamcl mi rmfeczfr
rmfeczfr,, ifs ali l tmipl sm hltf qufe f
krfh`m sfaf`f `f msarctlrf Jmrc, dæ alhbmac`f plr smus ecvrls chtmrftcvls, `m ui dmctl crðhcal
`m`caf mstm f tl`ls ls pmrgmaaclhcstfs `l iuh`l chtmcrl m hls alhvc`f f sfcr `f rltchf m
6= qumorfr tl`fs fs rmkrfs hl qum `cz rmspmctl f auc`f`l ali ls ecvrls... Alil mef imsif
actf4 A_CF_ Ã MQA]EBFIOF_!
_ueeyfh. @csplhévme mi4 5bttp4//ickrm.im/u^
5 bttp4//ickrm.im/u^Fk08.
Fk08. Famssl mi4 ?1 dfh. ?>6=. (^6?>6?=B7\Q]^)

6?) (^6?>6?;B7) Mssm tmxtl ã

 F) ui alhtl.
O) ui `cærcl.
A) uif arðhcaf.
@) uif hltéacf.
M) uif rmsmhbf.

61) (^6?>6?=B7) Vufe ã l fssuhtl `mssm tmxtl<

 F) F fprmsmhtfëál
fprmsmhtfëál `l`l ecvrl @mstruf mssm @cærcl.
O) F c`mcf `m gfzmr pmsqucsf hl ^chtmrmst .
A) F iftãrcf `m uif rmvcstf.
@) L il`l alil Jmrc Qictb arcf sufs lorfs.
M) L vé`ml `m pmsslfs `mstruch`l ecvrls.
 OE>?^6?
=

A6?>1

FPMHËÁL!
 Fklrf, vlaä vfc rmsplh`mr
rmsplh`mr f qumstýms
qumstýms `m Iftmiætcaf.

60) (I6?>??;B7) F guhëál plechlicfe `l 6´ krfu g4 C_ ↟  C_ plssuc almgcacmhtms fhkuefr m echmfr ckufe f ?.
 F rmprmsmhtfëál
rmprmsmhtfëál krægcaf
krægcaf `mssf guhëál
guhëál g ã
 F) y O) y
1 1

? ?

6 6

 ‑ 0 ‑ 1 ‑ ? ‑ 6 > 6  ? 1 x  ‑ 0 ‑ 1 ‑ ? ‑ 6 > 6  ? 1 x
 ‑ 6  ‑ 6

A) y
@) y
1 1

? ?

6 6

 ? >  ? 1 x
 ‑ 0 ‑ 1 ‑ ? ‑ 6 > 6 1 x  ‑ 0 ‑ 1 ‑ ? ‑ 6 6
 ‑ 6  ‑ 6

 ‑ ?

 ‑ 1

 ‑ 0

M) y
1

 ‑ 0 ‑ 1 ‑ ? ‑ 6 > 6  ? 1 x
 ‑ 6

6=) (I66>>3?B7) Dôecf chcaclu ui prlkrfif `m mxmraéacls géscals hl prcimcrl `cf `m fklstl `m ?>6= m pmr`mu
?>> krfifs fl gchfe `l prcimcrl iäs. F af`f iäs suosmqumhtm, mef pmr`mu 1>> krfifs f ifcs qum
f qufhtc`f`m pmr`c`f hl iäs fhtmrclr. Mef smkucu mssm prlkrfif ftã alhsmkucr pmr`mr ? >>> krfifs
`urfhtm ui iäs.
@mssf glrif, mi qufe iäs Dôecf pmr`mu ? >>> krfifs<
 F) Hlvmiorl `m ?>6=.
O) Dfhmcrl `m ?>67. @f`l4
A) Gmvmrmcrl `m ?>67. fh 9 f6 + (h ‑ 6) . r   

@) Force `m ?>67.
M) Ifcl `m ?>67.
67) (I6?>??6B7) Fs rfézms `m ui plechðicl q(x) `m tmramcrl krfu sál ‑ 1,‑ 6 m ?.
 F mxprmssál
mxprmssál qum pl`m pl`m rmprmsmhtfr
rmprmsmhtfr f glrif gftlrf`f
gftlrf`f `mssm plechðicl
plechðicl ã
 F) q(x) 9 (x + 1). (x + 6) . (x + ?).  

O) q(x) 9 (x + 1) . (x + 6) . (x ‑ ?).  

A) q(x) 9 (x + 1) . (x ‑ 6) . (x ‑ ?).
   

@) q(x) 9 (x ‑ 1) . (x ‑ 6) . (x + ?).
 
 M) q(x) 9 (x ‑ 1) . (x ‑ 6) . (x ‑ ?).
   

OE>?I6?
7

A6?>1

6;) (I6>>66=B7) Feomrtl rmfeczlu ui imrkuebl hl ifr, lh`m f prmssál ^, mi ^fsafe, vfrcf echmfrimhtm `m
falr`l ali f prlguh`c`f`m x, mi imtrls. Fl hévme `l ifr, fhtms `m imrkuebfr, f prmssál mxmrac`f mi
 Feomrtl mrf `m 6>> >>> ^fsafe m, fl feafhëfr uifuif prlguh`c`f`m
prlguh`c`f`m `m 6> imtrls,
imtrls, f prmssál
prmssál pfsslu
pfsslu f smr `m
?>> >>> ^fsafe.
Vufe ã l krægcal qum rmprmsmhtf
rmprms mhtf f rmefëál `f prmssál ^,
^, mxmrac`f mi Feomrtl, mi guhëál `m suf prlguh`c`f`m
prlg uh`c`f`m
x hmssm imrkuebl<
 F) ^ (mi ^fsafe) O) ^ (mi ^fsafe)

1>> >>> 1>> >>>

?>> >>> ?>> >>>

6>> >>> 6>> >>>

> ? 0 7 2 6> > ? 0 7 2 6>

x (mi imtrls) x (mi imtrls)

A) ^ (mi ^fsafe) @) ^ (mi ^fsafe)

1>> >>> 1>> >>>

?>> >>> ?>> >>>

6>> >>> 6>> >>>

> ? 0 7 2 6> > ? 0 7 2 6>

x (mi imtrls) x (mi imtrls)

M) ^ (mi ^fsafe)

1>> >>>

?>> >>>

6>> >>>

> ? 0 7 2 6> x (mi imtrls)

62) (I6>>>2=MR) ]i tãahcal fkréalef rmamom imhsfeimhtm ui sfeærcl gcxl `m _$ =>>,>>, ifcs _$ ?>,>> plr
blrf mxtrf trfofebf`f.
Vufhtl rmamomu mssm tãahcal hl iäs mi qum gmz 6= blrfs mxtrfs<
 F) _$ =>>,>>
O) _$ =?>,>>
A) _$ =1=,>>
@) _$ 7>>,>>
M) _$ 2>>,>>

63) (I6?>>0=O6) F mqufëál qum rmprmsmhtf uif

uif acrauhgmrähacf ã
 F) 0x? ‑ 0y? 9 67.
O) x? + y? 9 ‑ 70.
A) 0x? + 3y? 9 67.
@) 0x? + 3y + ?x 9 67.
M) x? + y? 9 67.
 OE>?I6?
;

A6?>1

?>) (I6?>606B7) Mi ui prldmtl slacfe, =>> arcfhëfs glrfi af`fstrf`fs pfrf prftcafrmi vðemc, gutmole lu
mssfs `ufs il`fec`f`ms msplrtcvfs. ^frf l vðemc, glrfi af`fstrf`fs ?>> arcfhëfs: 0>> glrfi af`fstrf`fs
pfrf l gutmole m 6>> lptfrfi pmefs `ufs il`fec`f`ms. Mhtrm tl`fs mssfs arcfhëfs, uif glc slrtmf`f m
kfhblu ui uhcglrim alipemtl pfrf l trmchl.
Qfomh`l qum f arcfhëf slrtmf`f mstæ af`fstrf`f hl vðemc, qufe ã f prlofocec`f`m `m mef tfioãi mstfr
af`fstrf`f hl gutmole<
6
 F)
=

O) 6
7

1
A)
=

6
@)
?

7
M)
=

?6) (I6?>1??A?) Losmrvm f rmtf hl pefhl afrtmscfhl fofcxl. Mssf rmtf pl`m smr rmprmsmhtf`f plr uif
mqufëál `f glrif y 9 px + q .

y
1

0=´
>
 ‑1 ‑? ‑6 6   ?   1   x
 ‑6

 ‑?

 ‑1

Ls vfelrms `m p m q, hmssf lr`mi, sál

 F) > m 6.
O) 6 m >.
A) 6 m 6.
@) > m 0=.
M) 0= m >.
 OE>?I6?
2

A6?>1

??) (I6?>0?>M0) Hl krægcal fofcxl, mstæ rmprmsmhtf`f f guhëál g4 C_ ↟ C_+   `mgchc`f

*
plr g(x) 9 1x m suf chvmrsf.
y
x
g(x) 9 1
1

?
 ‑ 6
g (x) 9 y

 ‑? ‑6 >   x
6   ? 1   0
 ‑6

 ‑?

 F guhëál chvmrsf
chvmrsf `m g(x) 9 1x rmprmsmhtf`f hl krægcal plr g  ‑6(x) 9 y ã
  x

 F) y 9 n 6 d
  1
O) x 9 elky 1

A) y 9 elk1 x
@) y 9 ‑ 1x
M) x 9 elk  y
6
1

?1) (I6?>?67B7) ]if frtmsá alhstrucu uif ifh`fef mi glriftl acrauefr m alhtlrhlu l ifclr aérauel ali
gctf. Ls rfcls `ls aérauels `f ifh`fef mhalhtrfi-sm rmprmsmhtf`ls
rmprmsmhtf`ls hl `msmhbl fofcxl.

@f`l4
ώ   1,6
≍

6> ai

1> ai

Vufe glc f qufhtc`f`m iéhcif, fprlxcif`f, `m gctf utceczf`f pmef frtmsá pfrf alhgmaaclhfr mssf ifh`fef<
 F) 7> ai
O) 31 ai
A) 6?0 ai
@) 627 ai
 M) ?02 ai OE>?I6?
3

A6?>1

?0) (I66>67=AM) Losmrvm l rmtïhkuel ^V_Q fofcxl.

^ V

Q _

Vufe `fs gckurfs fofcxl ã smimebfhtm fl rmtïhkuel ^V_Q<

 F) O)

A) @)

M)
 OE>?I6?
6>

A6?>1

?=) (I6?>=1=MQ) Vufe ã f rmprmsmhtfëál krægcaf `f guhëál trcklhliãtrcaf g(x) 9 6 + smh(x) `m `liéhcl Z>, ?ώY<
 F) O)

A) @)

M)

?7) (I6>>>21B7) ]i ofral rmfeczlu f trfvmsscf mi ui rcl pfrtch`l `f ifrkmi ^ ali trfdmtñrcf rmtceéhmf mi
`crmëál î ifrkmi lplstf V. @mvc`l î alrrmhtmzf `mssm rcl, l pmraursl `l ofral glc `mselaf`l 1>¾ mi
rmefëál î trfdmtñrcf rmtceéhmf prm`mtmrichf`f, alhglrim rmprmsmhtf`l hl `msmhbl fofcxl.
ifrkmi ^
@f`ls4
smh 1>¾9 >,=>
1>¾ als 1>¾ ≍ >,2;
  p   
m   
tk 1>¾ ≍ >,=2
alrrmhtmzf
r    
a    
 
u    
r    
s    
l     1> i

ifrkmi V

L pmraursl fprlxcif`l, mi imtrls, rmfeczf`l pmel ofral pfrf ftrfvmssfr mssm rcl ã `m
 F) ?7,6>.
O) 1>,>>.
A) 10,02.
 @) =6,;?.
OE>?I6?
M) 7>,>>. 66

A6?>1

FPMHËÁL!
 Fklrf, vlaä vfc
vfc rmsplh`mr f qumstýms
qumstýms `m Eéhkuf ^lrtukumsf.
^lrtukumsf.

Emcf ls tmxtls fofcxl.

Pmxtl 6 Pmxtl ?
Alil sm glssm ui prmgæacl L amrrf`l m f afhf4 alhvcvähacf plssévme< 
Mxpfhsál `l auetcvl `f afhf pfrf prl`uëál
Z...Y Fklrf prmpfrm smu alrfëál4 `m mtfhle pl`m plr mi rcsal ærmfs `m fetl
Alrrmhtál vfc pfssfr m emvfr tu`l4 vfelr ocleñkcal
Hchbl `m pfssfrchbl rfstmcrl tfioãi.
@mplcs `l alrrmhtál L amrrf`l `mvm smr l oclif ifcs
= Orltlu l qum tchbf qum orltfr, cipfatf`l pmef mspmrf`f mxpfhsál
Ifs dæ mrf tfr`m. `l auetcvl `f afhf-`m-fëôafr pfrf
Gfaf hf alrtlu rfcz pmef rfcz.  prl`uëál `m mtfhle. @f mxtmhsál tltfe
 Fé hál orltlu ifcs hf`f. = `m fprlxcif`fimhtm ? icebýms `m
 Fecæs, orltlu alcsf
alcsf imeblr4 quceðimtrls quf`rf`ls laupf`f plr mssf
6> Qldf, vmr`chbf, vmr`chbf glrifëál vmkmtfe, 63,;% sál alhsc`mrf`ls
Vum omemzf, `czcfi. ærmfs `m mxtrmif ciplrtïhacf ocleñkcaf.
Lebm omi ls amrrf`ls M ifcs `f imtf`m (;>%) `mssfs rmkcýms
`f prñxcif vmz. 6> alrrmsplh`m mxftfimhtm fls elafcs lh`m f
_fstmdfr plr mhtrm aupchs afhf mhalhtrf alh`cëýms c`mfcs `m auetcvl.
6= M afpchs Ls `f`ls sál `m ui mstu`l gmctl plr
M smhtcr l abmcrl `l fhlctmamr. ifcs `m ?>> pmsqucsf`lrms `m `cgmrmhtms
uhcvmrsc`f`ms orfscemcrfs, plr mhalimh`f
 Fhtms `m tmrichfr
tmrichfr pmrkuhtl4 6= `l Ichcstãrcl `l Imcl Fiocmhtm (IIF) Z...Y.
Vumi vfc pfkfr f alhtf  F pmsqucsf, fprmsmhtf`f pmel ocñelkl
@m tfhtf `mstrucëál< _cafr`l Ifabf`l, Z...Y c`mhtcalu ærmfs
?> ―tu`l omi, `fquc f 6>> fhls prclrctærcfs pfrf alhsmrvfëál m ærmfs `m
mstfrmils tl`ls ilrtls’ Z...Y mxtrmif ciplrtïhacf ocleñkcaf hf lrmstf
Amrtl, mstfrmils tl`ls ilrtls. ?> fifzðhcaf, hl pfhtfhfe m hl amrrf`l. L
Ifs hlssls hmtls hál. arctãrcl usf`l glc f lalrrähacf `m mspãacms
fimfëf`fs, `m mh`micsil (mspãacms qum sñ
@csplhévme mi4 5bttp4//www.coo.uhmsp
5bttp4//www.coo.uhmsp..
or/`mpfrtfimhtls/m`uafafl/trfofebls/ lalrrmi hfqumemhftcvf
elafe),m `m`mrmifhmsamhtms
`m vmkmtfëál aliplhmhtms
alcsfs`mamrrf`l/F_PM/frtmplmscf.bti8.
alcsfs`mamrrf`l/F_ PM/frtmplmscf.bti8. Famssl
mi4 = ifcl ?>6
?>66.
6. Grfkimhtl.
?= bc`rleñkcals ciplrtfhtms, alil hfsamhtms.
―Ærmfs ali mssfs afrfatmréstcafs qum
fch`f hál sál prltmkc`fs plr uhc`f`ms `m
alhsmrvfëál `mvmrcfi rmamomr ftmhëál
mspmacfe’, mxpecaf Ifabf`l.
GM__FT, Ifrcfhf. Acähacf Bldm Lh-echm, ?3 ifr. ?>>;.
@csplhévme mi4 5bttp4//`msmrtlrms`fmsaf`f.ali/?>
5bttp4//`msmrtlrms`fmsaf`f.ali/?>>;/>7/>=/
>;/>7/>=/
f-`mstrucafl-`l-amrrf`l-pmef-mxpfhsf
f-`mstrucafl-`l-amrr f`l-pmef-mxpfhsfl-`fs-pefhtfalms/8.
l-`fs-pefhtfalms/8.
 Famssl mi4 ?? hlv.
hlv. ?>66.
?>66. Grfkimhtl.
(^6?>6;1_D\Q]^)

?;) (^6?>6;7_D) ]if folr`fkmi aliui f mssms `lcs tmxtls rmgmrm-sm

 F) î `mstrucëál `l amrrf`l pfrf
pfrf fuimhtfr ærmfs
ærmfs `m pefhtfëál.
pefhtfëál.
O) î gfetf `m pmrspmatcvf qufhtl fl guturl `fs prñxcifs kmrfëýms.
A) î kfhïhacf `ls pefhtf`lrms `m afhf-`m-fëôafr.
@) îs mspãacms hftcvfs `l amrrf`l fimfëf`fs `m mxtchëál.
 M) îs pmsqucsfs slorm l cipfatl `l auetcvl `f afhf-`m-fëôafr.
OE>6^6?
6?

A6?>1

Emcf hlvfimhtm l tmxtl ―Alil sm glssm ui prmgæacl’ pfrf rmsplh`mr î qumstál fofcxl.

?2) (^6?>?;3_D)  Hl Pmxtl 6, l rmaursl utceczf`l hl trmabl ―Fé hál orltlu ifcs hf`f./ Fecæs, orltlu alcsf
imeblr4/ Qldf, vmr`chbf, vmr`chbf/ Vum omemzf, `czcfi.’ (v. 2-66) ã
 F) fprlxcifëál `m slhs.
slhs.
O) alipfrfëál `m c`mcfs.
A) mxfkmrl.
@) crlhcf.
M) pmrslhcgcafëál
pmrslhcgcafëál..

Emcf l tmxtl fofcxl.

^mef dfhmef

Vufh`l mu pmramoc qum f Icemhf mstfvf lebfh`l pfrf ici, eæ `l lutrl ef`l `f aefssm,
vcrmc l rlstl pfrf f elusf, lh`m f prlgmsslrf fafofvf `m msarmvmr uif pmrkuhtf. Fhtms `l
rmarmcl, f kmhtm tchbf fsscstc`l F kumrrf `l glkl m fklrf mstævfils mi krupls `m quftrl,
gfzmh`l ui trfofebl slorm l eim.
=  F bcstñrcf sm pfssfvf
pfssfvf hf C`f`m `f ^m`rf,
^m`rf, hál tchbf gfefs,
gfefs, sñ kruhbc`ls sfch`l `fs
`fs olafs
olafs
`ls blimhs `fs afvmrhfs. Z...Y
Mi tlrhl `f ichbf imsf mstfvfi Kmfh`rã, l [fetmr, l @uéecl m mu. Mstævfils smhtf`ls
prñxcils î dfhmef, `m lh`m mu pl`cf vmr ls imhlrms alrrmh`l, eæ miofcxl. Z...Y Lebmc pfrf
Icemhf, omi ræpc`l, mef mstfvf im lebfh`l, `m hlvl, ifs vcrlu l rlstl, qufh`l im vcu.
6> Hl `cf fhtmrclr, f Icemhf pfsslu plr ici, hf sfé`f m, smi im lebfr, pðs ui pfpme
`lorf`l hf ichbf iál. @m ui ef`l mstfvf msarctl ―@m Icemhf’ m hl lutrl ―^frf _l`rckl’.
Mu alelqumc l pfpme hl olesl m sñ tcvm alrfkmi `m emr qufh`l abmkumc mi afsf, `mplcs `m
ifcs `m uif blrf hf pmruf, ali mem qumcifh`l hl imu olesl.
^_FPF,
^_FPF, Fhtðhcl.
Fhtðhc l. Afrtf guh`fimhtfe. Qmt. ?>>3. Grfkimhtl. (^6?>6>>O6\Q]^)

?3) (^6?>6>?O6) Hmssm tmxtl, f mxprmssál `mstfaf`f mi ―... ali mem qumcifh`l hl imu olesl.’ (ℑ. 61)
tmi l smhtc`l `m
 F) afusfr `msalhfhëf.
O) `mspmrtfr aurclsc`f`m.
A) msqumhtfr.
@) chalil`fr.
M) pmsfr.

1>) (^6?>6>6O6) Hl trmabl ―Fhtms `l rmarmcl, f kmhtm tchbf fsscstc`l...’ (ℑ. ?-1), f mxprmssál `mstfaf`f ã
afrfatmréstcaf `f echkufkmi
 F) alelqucfe.
O) auetf.
A) acmhtégcaf.
@) rmkclhfe.
M) tãahcaf.
 OE>6^6?
61

A6?>1

Emcf l tmxtl fofcxl.

Qmkrm`ls `l ifr 
Vufh`l abmkf l vmrál, hñs, buifhls, hls smhtcils ftrfé`ls pmel ifr. Iuetc`ýms sm rmôhmi
hfs prfcfs ousafh`l ui alhtftl ali fs lh`fs qum hls prlplraclhfi prfzmr m `msafhsl.
^lrãi, l afichbfr `l smr buifhl `mcxf suf trcebf gftfe hfs frmcfs `f prfcf.
Icebýms `m sfalefs `m hyelh m peæstcals `m tl`l l tcpl sál efrkf`ls hf alstf, l vmhtl m
= fs ifrãs sm mhafrrmkfi `m frrfstæ-els pfrf l ifr.
]if sfalef `m hyelh  pl`m hfvmkfr værcfs `mzmhfs `m fhls smi sm `mkrf`fr.
 Fs tfrtfrukfs
tmhtftcvf ifrchbfs alhguh`mi-hfs ali fs im`usfs m fs alimi, fglkfh`l-sm
`m mhklec-efs. fglkfh`l-sm hf
Icebfrms `m klegchbls tfioãi ilrrmi fglkf`ls...
6> Mems hál täi afpfac`f`m pfrf rmalhbmamr ls ecxls `ls buifhls, ftã plrqum, ―tu`l l qum
geutuf hl ifr sm alim’.
 F tfipf peæstcaf `m uif kfrrfgf, `m ifclr alhscstähacf `l qum f sfalef peæstcaf, pl`m
pmrifhmamr chfetmrf`f,
chfetmrf`f, hfvmkfh`l hfs ækufs `l ifr plr ifcs `m ui sãauel.
L @r. Dfims Eu`wchk, qum mstfvf mstu`fh`l f vc`f `l feoftrlz hf cebf `m Ic`wfy, hl
6= ^faégcal, f iuctfs icebfs `ls amhtrls plvlf`ls, gmz uif `msalomrtf mspfhtlsf.
Vufh`l alimëlu f rmalebmr l alhtmô`l `l mstðifkl `m lctl gcebltms `m feoftrlzms
ilrtls, mhalhtrlu4 0? tfipchbfs peæstcafs `m kfrrfgf, 62 famh`m`lrms m rmstls geutufhtms
qum, mi suf ifclrcf, mrfi pmqumhls pm`fëls `m peæstcal. Mssms gcebltms bfvcfi sc`l
fecimhtf`ls plr smus pfcs qum hál alhsmkucrfi gfzmr f `cstchëál `ls `mspmr`éacls hl
?> ilimhtl `m msalebmr l fecimhtl.
 F prñxcif vmz mi qum vlaä glr î suf prfcf prmgmrc`f, tfevmz mhalhtrm hf frmcf, ecxl qum
lutrf pmsslf fec `mcxlu. Hál glc ecxl `mcxf`l plr vlaä, plrãi, ã Q]F ^_FCF, ã l QM] IF_,
ã l QM] I]H@L m vlaä `mvm gfzmr fekl plr mem.
@csplhévme mi4 5bttp4//imram`msabfvfrrcf.iue
5bttp4//imram`msabfvfrrcf.iuetcpey.ali/dl
tcpey.ali/dlurhfe/ctmi/=>8.
urhfe/ctmi/=>8. Famssl mi4 3 `mz. ?>6>. Grfkimhtl. (^6>>>?=A?\Q]^)

16) (^6>>>?;A?) @m falr`l ali mssm tmxtl, f ftrfëál `l smr buifhl pmel ectlrfe `mvm-sm
 F) î omemzf `f pfcsfkmi
pfcsfkmi ifrétcif.
O) î ousaf `m efzmr m `msafhsl.
A) î afichbf`f hfs frmcfs `f prfcf.
@) fl aliprlimtcimhtl `m rmalebmr l ecxl.
M) fl alhtftl ali ls fhcifcs ifrchbls.
1?) (^6>>>?7A?) Vufe ã f tmsm `mgmh`c`f pmel futlr `mssm tmxtl<

 F) L hyelh
O) L ftl `m pl`m
ifhtm
ifhtmr
r f prfcfværcfs
hfvmkfr ecipf`mzmhfs
ã uif lorckfëál `m tl`f
`m fhls smi slacm`f`m.
slacm`f`m.
sm `mkrf`fr.
A) Ls memimhtls geutufhtms hl ifr hmi smiprm sál alimstévmcs.
@) Ls klegchbls ilrrmi fglkf`ls `mvc`l fl ecxl chkmrc`l.
M) Ls smrms buifhls sál ftrfé`ls pmel ifr hl vmrál.

11) (^6>>>?2A?) Hmssm tmxtl, f `msalomrtf `l @r. Dfims Eu`wchk glc alhsc`mrf`f mspfhtlsf plrqum
 F) fs sfalefs `m hyelh m peæstcal sál frrfstf`fs pfrf l ifr pmel vmhtl.
O) fs tfipchbfs peæstcafs pmrifhmami hl ifr plr ifcs `m ui sãauel.
A) fs tfrtfrukfs ilrrmi fglkf`fs fl alhguh`cr sfalefs ali im`usf.
@) ls gcebltms `m feoftrlzms sm fecimhtfvfi `l ecxl buifhl.
M) ls klegchbls ilrrmi fglkf`ls fl mhklecr sfalefs peæstcafs.
10) (^6>>>1>A?) Hmssm tmxtl, l usl `m ifcôsauefs hl trmabl ―... ã Q]F ^_FCF, ã l QM] IF_, ã l QM]
I]H@L...’ (ℑ. ??-?1) tmi f chtmhëál `m
 F) abfifr f ftmhëál `l emctlr.
emctlr.
O) alipfrfr fs ftctu`ms `ls ofhbcstfs.
A) rmfgcrifr f ousaf `ls buifhls pmefs lh`fs `l ifr hl vmrál.
 @) rmssfetfr f ciplrtïhacf `m prmsmrvfëál `fs mspãacms ifrchbfs.
M) rmsuicr f tmsm `mgmh`c`f. OE>6^6?
60

A6?>1

Emcf hlvfimhtm l tmxtl ―Qmkrm`ls `l ifr’ pfrf rmsplh`mr îs qumstýms fofcxl.

1=) (^6>>>?=A?) Mssm tmxtl tmi f gchfec`f`m `m
 F) `cvuekfr fs pmsqucsfs
pmsqucsfs rmfeczf`fs
rmfeczf`fs plr @r.
@r. Dfims.
O) gfzmr l fhôhacl `m uif tmiplrf`f `m vmrál hf prfcf.
A) chglrifr ls prchacpfcs fhcifcs qum vcvmi hfs prfcfs.
@) rmeftfr alil ls ofhbcstfs pleumi fs ækufs.
M) smhscoceczfr l emctlr pfrf f rmsplhsfocec`f`
rmsplhsfocec`f`mm fiocmhtfe.
17) (^6>>>?3A?) Hl trmabl ―... fhls smi sm `mkrf`fr .’
.’ (ℑ. 7), f pfefvrf `mstfaf`f plssuc l imsil smhtc`l `m

 F) ftmhufr.
ftmhufr.
O) `maliplr.
A) `msprmzfr.
@) mhgrfqumamr.
M) msvfzcfr.
Emcf l tmxtl fofcxl.

QL]QF, Ifuréacl `m. Afsaál. _cl `m Dfhmcrl4 ^fhchc Alicas, hlv. ?>6>, h. 0;. (^6?>3;;MQ\Q]^)

1;) (^6?>3;;MQ) L imhchl fgcrif qum l `cf mstæ ruci, plrqum mem
 F) mhalhtrlu uiui kfrltl fkfsfebf`l.
fkfsfebf`l.
O) mstæ smi f alipfhbcf `ls fickls.
A) alu fssustf`l ali ls fickls m sfcu alrrmh`l.
 @) klstfrcf `m tmr uif pcsachf.
M) tmi fvmrsál î ækuf m mstæ gfzmh`l afelr. 6=
OE>6^6?

A6?>1

Emcf l tmxtl fofcxl.

Oftmr hf if`mcrf

Mssm alstuim vmi `m tmipls omi fhtckls. Mhtrm ls ametfs, alhscstcf mi oftmr hl trlhal
`m uif ærvlrm pfrf fgukmhtfr l fzfr, ali ofsm hl gftl `m qum ls rfcls afmi grmqumhtmimhtm
grmqumht mimhtm
slorm fs ærvlrms, schfe `m qum mefs smrcfi f ilrf`f tmrrmstrm `ls `musms. F pmsslf mstfrcf
ifhtmh`l alhtftl ali l `mus m ebm pm`ch`l fdu`f.
= Hf imsif echbf, ls `ruc`fs oftcfi hf if`mcrf pfrf mspfhtfr ls ifus mspérctls. Dæ
hf _lif Fhtckf, oftcf-sm hf if`mcrf `f imsf `fs rmgmcëýms, alhsc`mrf`f sfkrf`f, pfrf
chvlafr ls `musms prltmtlrms `f gfiéecf m `l efr
efr..
Bcstlrcafimhtm, f ærvlrm prmgmrc`f pfrf hmutrfeczfr l ifu fklurl mrf l afrvfebl, vmhmrf`l
plr suf glrëf, ciplhähacf m elhkmvc`f`m. Mem tmrcf pl`mrms slormhfturfcs plr suplrtfr f
6> glrëf `ls rfcls. Farm`ctfvf-sm
Farm`ctfvf-sm qum hmem vcvcf l `mus `ls rmeïipfkls. Oftmr hl afrvfebl mrf,
plrtfhtl, ui ftl pfrf fgfstfr pmrckls m rcsals `cvmrsls.
L pmsslfe `l Éocs, `m ^mrhfioual, alhsc`mrf`l l pclr tcim `l iuh`l, fh`lu oftmh`l hf
if`mcrf `urfhtm fhls tmhtfh`l `fr ui xð pfrf l fzfr, ifs hmi fssci f`cfhtlu. Alhtchulu
slgrmh`l klemf`fs ftã smr orch`f`l ali l vmxfichlsl tétuel qum bldm l c`mhtcaf hl gutmole.
6= Qñ rmstlu f emiorfhëf `m, chutceimhtm, oftmr tfhtl hf if`mcrf.
L omrël `f pfefvrf. _mvcstf `l Alrrmcl. Alrrmcl Orfzcecmhsm. 61 hlv. ?>>3,
?>>3, p. 12. (^6?>?06O6\Q]^)
(^6?>?06O6\Q]^)

12) (^6?>?0=O6) Hl trmabl ―... `fr ui xð pfrf l fzfr,...’

fzfr,...’ ( . 61), f pfefvrf
pfefvrf `mstfaf`f ã prñprcf
prñprcf `f echkufkmi
echkufkmi
 F) alelqucfe.
O) glrife.
A) ectmrærcf.
@) rmkclhfe.
M) tãahcaf.

13) (^6?>?06O6) Vufe ã l trmabl `mssm tmxtl qum fprmsmhtf uif lpchcál `l futlr<
 F) ―... alhscstcf mi oftmr hl trlhal
trlhal `m uif ærvlrm
ærvlrm pfrf fgukmhtfr
fgukmhtfr l fzfr,...’.
fzfr,...’. ( . 6-?)
O) ―... ls `ruc`fs oftcfi hf if`mcrf
if`mcrf pfrf mspfhtfr ls ifus mspérctls.’.
mspérctls.’. ( . =)
A) ―... oftcf-sm hf if`mcrf `f
`f imsf `fs rmgmcëýms, alhsc`mrf`f
alhsc`mrf`f sfkrf`f,...’.
sfkrf`f,...’. ( . 7)
@) ―... f ærvlrm prmgmrc`f pfrf hmutrfeczfr l ifu fklurl mrf l afrvfebl,...’. ( . 2)
M) ―... ftã smr orch`f`l ali l vmxfichlsl tétuel qum bldm l c`mhtcaf...’. ( . 60)
 OE>6^6?
67

A6?>1

FPMHËÁL!
 Fklrf, vlaä vfc rmsplh`mr
rmsplh`mr f qumstýms
qumstýms `m Iftmiætcaf.

0>) (I6?>?62B7) Hl pefhl afrtmscfhl fofcxl mstál rmprmsmhtf`ls fs rmtfs i, h m sufs rmspmatcvfs mqufëýms.

i4 7x ‑ y 9 ?6
h4 x + y 9 ;

 Fs allr`mhf`fs
allr`mhf`fs `l plhtl ^,
^, chtmrsmaëál `mssfs
`mssfs rmtfs, sál
sál
 F) (6, 6).
O) (0, 1).
A) (=, ‟ ?).
@) (;, >).
M) (7, ‟ 6).

06) (I66>>1>B7) Losmrvm fofcxl f pefhcgcafëál `m ui sñec`l kmliãtrcal.

Mssf pefhcgcafëál alrrmsplh`m f qufe sñec`l kmliãtrcal<

 F) Acech`rl.
O) Alhm.
A) ^crïic`m.
@) Prlhal `m Alhm.
 M) Prlhal `m ^crïic`m.
OE>6I6?
6;

A6?>1

0?) (I6?>1=>K=) Losmrvm l scstmif echmfr fofcxl.

*?x + 0y + 7z 9 0
1x - =y 9 6?
6>x + = y 9 - ?=

Vufe ã f sleuëál `mssm scstmif<

 F) (?, 0, 7)
O) (‑ 6, ‑ 1, 1)
A) (6=, ?0, 7)
@) (0, 6?, ‑ ?=)
M) (61, 7=, 13>)

01) (I6>>?13M0) ]if pm`rf ã ftcrf`f pfrf acif m suf feturf (b), mi imtrls, ã `msarctf pmel kræal fofcxl,
qum mstæ mi guhëál `l tmipl t, `f`l mi smkuh`ls.

b(i)

1>

?>

6>

> 6> t(s)

Vufe glc l chstfhtm mi qum mssf pm`rf ftchkcu f feturf iæxcif<

 F) ?= s
O) ?> s
A) 6> s
@) = s
M) 0 s

00) (I66>6>7B7)  Mi uif mxpmrcähacf mi ui efolrftñrcl, uif plpuefëál `m rftfzfhfs fprmsmhtlu ui

armsacimhtl mxplhmhacfe plr ui `mtmrichf`l pmrél`l. @urfhtm mssm tmipl, l hôimrl `m rftfzfhfs pl`cf
smr afeauef`l plr imcl `f guhëál H(t) 9 3 . 1 , lh`m t ã l tmipl `f`l mi `cfs. Fl gchfe `mssm pmrél`l,
0t
 
 
1>> pmrél`l, f
plpuefëál `m rftfzfhfs mrf `m ?; ch`cvé`uls.
^lr qufhtl tmipl mssf plpuefëál `m rftfzfhfs fprmsmhtlu mssm armsacimhtl mxplhmhacfe<
 F) 6> `cfs.
O) ?; `cfs.
A) ;= `cfs.
@) 6=> `cfs.
M) 1;= `cfs.
 OE>6I6?
62

A6?>1

0=) (I6?>0?>O6)  Hl kræal fofcxl mstæ rmprmsmhtf`f f prl`uëál `m qumcdl mi uif gfzmh`f hls achal
prcimcrls imsms `m ui fhl.

)
k
j(

dlc
m
u
q
m
`
l
á
ë
u
`
l
r
^

Imsms

@m falr`l ali mssm krægcal, f prl`uëál `m qumcdl hmssf gfzmh`f `cichucu hl pmrél`l `m
 F) dfhmcrl f gmvmrmcrl.
gmvmrmcrl.
O) gmvmrmcrl f ifrël.
A) ifrël f force.
@) force f ifcl.
M) gmvmrmcrl f force.
07) (I6>>676B7) Mi ui dfhtfr, Fhf famh`mu uif vmef `malrftcvf `m 6> ai `m feturf hf imsf m losmrvlu
qum, pfssf`ls 17 ichutls, f im`c`f `f feturf `mssf vmef mrf 0 ai.
Alhsc`mrfh`l qum f qumcif `mssf vmef tmi l imsil rctil `l chéacl ftã l gchfe, l tmipl tltfe qum mssf
vmef pmrifhmamræ famsf smi hmhbuif chtmrvmhëál smræ `m
 F) 7> ichutls.
O) 3> ichutls.
A) 610 ichutls.
@) 600 ichutls.
M) 17> ichutls.
0;) (I6?>1?;MQ) L `msmhbl fofcxl ã glrif`l plr `lcs aérauels alhaähtrcals.

? ai

= ai

Vufe ã f im`c`f `f ærmf `f pfrtm alelrc`f `m achzf<

 F) 10 ai?
O) ?= ai?
A) ?6 ai?
 @) 67 ai?
M) 61 ai? 63
OE>6I6?

A6?>1

02) (I6>>>=?A?) L krægcal qum rmprmsmhtf f guhëál mxplhmhacfe `mgchc`f plr y 9 ? x ‑ 6 ali x C_, ã
 F) y O) y

?
?

6 6

>
 ‑?  ‑6   6 ?  x
 ‑? ‑6 >   x
6   ?
 ‑6
 ‑6

 ‑?
 ‑?

A) y @) y

?
1
6
?
>   x
 ‑? ‑6 6
6   ?
 ‑6

>   x
 ‑? ‑6 6   ?  ‑?
 ‑6

 ‑?

M) y

>
 ‑?  ‑6   6 ?  x

 ‑6

 ‑?

03) (I6?>116MQ)  ]i alhaursl tmvm f pfrtcacpfëál `m 2>> afh`c`ftls. @mssms afh`c`ftls, 1?> mrfi
iuebmrms.
 F plramhtfkmi `m iuebmrms qum pfrtcacplu
pfrtcacplu `mssm alhaursl glc

 F) 2>%
O) 02%
A) 0>%
@) 1?%
 M) ?>%
OE>6I6?
?>

A6?>1

=>) (I6?>>1;O6)  Hl elkltcpl `m uif alipmtcëál hæutcaf ceustrf`l fofcxl, l trcïhkuel rmtïhkuel MGK
rmprmsmhtf f vmef `m ui ofral, smh`l MG 9 = i, MK 9 1 i m MI l aliprcimhtl `l ofral, qum alchac`m
ali l `cïimtrl `f acrauhgmrähacf.

 F im`c`f `l aliprcimhtl
aliprcimhtl fprlxcif`l
fprlxcif`l `mssm ofral ã
 F) 1,3 i
O) 0 i
A) =,2 i
@) 2 i
M) 2,1 i

=6) (I6?>10=A?) Fhf `msmhblu l pleéklhl `m vãrtcams E, I, H m ^ hl pefhl afrtmscfhl fofcxl.

Ls pfrms lr`mhf`ls qum rmprmsmhtfi ls plhtls E, I, H m ^, hmssf lr`mi, sál

 F) (1, 0),

O) (1, 0), (‑
(‑ 1,
1, ?),
?), (‑
(‑ 6,
6, ‑‑ ?)
?) mm (‑
(0,?,‑ 0).
?).
?).
A) (0, 1), (?, ‑ 1), (‑ 6, ‑ ?) m (0, ‑ ?).
@) (0, 1), (1, ‑ ?), (‑ ?, ‑ 6) m (‑ ?, 0).
 M) (0, 1), (?, 1), ( ?, 6) m ( ?, 0).
OE>6I6?
?6

A6?>1

=?) (I6>>>37B7) L `lhl `m ui mstfaclhfimhtl afeauef l vfelr W, mi rmfcs, qum smus aecmhtms pfkfi mi
guhëál `l tmipl t, mi ichutls, pfrf utceczfr l mstfaclhfimhtl, ftrfvãs `f mxprmssál W 9 >,6. t. @mvc`l fl
blrærcl `m guhaclhfimhtl `l mstfomemacimhtl, t vfrcf `m > f 02> ichutls.
L krægcal qum rmprmsmhtf l vfelr W, mi rmfcs, mi guhëál `l tmipl t, mi ichutls, ã
 F) W (rmfcs)
0 2>>
O) W (rmfcs)
02>

0 >>>

17>
1 ?>>

? 0>> ?0>

6 7>>

6?>
2>>

> 2> 67> ?0> 1?> 0>> 02> t (ichutls) > 6?> ?0> 17> 02> t (ichutls)

A) W (rmfcs) @) W (rmfcs)
02>
02

0>
17>

1>

?0>
?>

6>
6?>

> 6>> ?>> 1>> 0>> 02> t (ichutls)

> 6?> ?0> 17> 02> t (ichutls)

M) W (rmfcs)
02

17

?0

6?

> 6?> ?0> 17> 02> t (ichutls)

 OE>6I6?
??

A6?>1

QFM^M - ?>67
V]MQPCLHÆ_CL @L FE]HL
^rmzf`l(f) feuhl(f), f smkucr smrál fprmsmhtf`fs fekuifs pmrkuhtfs scipems slorm vlaä m f suf msalef.
Quf lpchcál ã iuctl ciplrtfhtm pfrf hñs!

CHQP_]ËÝMQ4

Wlaä emvfræ hl iæxcil ?> ichutls pfrf rmsplh`mr.

Fsschfem fpmhfs ]IF FEPM_HFPCWF ^L_ V]MQPÁL!
Hál mxcstmi rmsplstfs amrtfs lu mrrf`fs, m vlaä hál smræ
s mræ c`mhtcstaf`l.
Qmemaclhm fs fetmrhftcvfs qum ifcs sm fprlxcifi `m suf rmfec`f`m.
]tceczm AFHMPF FT]E L] ^_MPF hl prmmhabcimhtl `l afrtál rmsplstf.

AF_FAPM_CTFËÁL QLACL@MILK_ÆGCAF M QLACLMALHÐICAF4

6. Vufe ã l smu smxl< 1. Vufe suf c`f`m< 0. Mi qum iäs vlaä gfz
󰁆 Ifsauechl. 󰁆 ; fhls lu imhls. fhcvmrsærcl<
󰁏 Gmichchl. 󰁏 2 fhls. 󰁆  Dfhmcrl.
󰁁 3 fhls. 󰁏 Gmvmrmcrl.
?. Alil vlaä sm alhsc`mrf<
󰁀 󰁁 Ifrël.
󰁆 Orfhal(f). 6> fhls.
󰁀 Force.
󰁏 ^fr`l(f). 󰁍 66 fhls.
󰁇 6? fhls. 󰁍 Ifcl.
󰁁 ^rmtl(f).
 61 fhls. 󰁇  Duhbl.
󰁀 Fifrmel(f).
 60 fhls.   Duebl.
󰁍 Ch`ékmhf.
 6= fhls.  Fklstl.
 67 fhls.  Qmtmiorl.
󝠽 6; fhls.  Lutuorl.
􍠽 62 fhls. 󝠽 Hlvmiorl.
󽠽 63 fhls. 􍠽 @mzmiorl.
 ?> fhls lu ifcs.

=. Ftã qum sãrcm/fhl suf iám lu f rmsplhsævme

rmsplhsævme plr vlaä mstu`lu<
󰁆 Huhaf mstu`lu lu hál alipemtlu f 0ª sãrcm/=¾ fhl (fhtckl prciærcl).
󰁏 Alipemtlu f 0ª sãrcm/=¾ fhl, ifs hál alipemtlu f 2ª sãrcm/3¾ fhl (fhtckl kchæscl).
󰁁 Alipemtlu f 2ª sãrcm/3¾ fhl, ifs hál alipemtlu l Mhschl Iã`cl (fhtckl ?´ krfu).
󰁀 Alipemtlu l Mhschl Iã`cl, ifs hál alipemtlu f gfaue`f`m.
󰁍 Alipemtlu f gfaue`f`m.
󰁇 Hál smc.

7. Ftã qum sãrcm/fhl smu pfc lu

lu l rmsplhsævme plr vlaä mstu`lu<
󰁆 Huhaf mstu`lu lu hál alipemtlu f 0ª sãrcm/=¾ fhl (fhtckl prciærcl).
󰁏 Alipemtlu f 0ª sãrcm/=¾ fhl, ifs hál alipemtlu f 2ª sãrcm/3¾ fhl (fhtckl kchæscl).

󰁁 Alipemtlu f 2ª sãrcm/3¾ fhl, ifs hál alipemtlu l Mhschl Iã`cl (fhtckl ?´ krfu).
󰁀 Alipemtlu l Mhschl Iã`cl, ifs hál alipemtlu f gfaue`f`m.
󰁍 Alipemtlu f gfaue`f`m.
󰁇 Hál smc.
 ?1

A6?>1

;. Quf ruf ã fsgfetf`f

fsgfetf`f lu tmi afeëfimhtl< 6>. Wlaä plssuc famssl î chtmrhmt mi suf afsf<
󰁆 Qci. 󰁆 Qci.
󰁏 Hál. 󰁏 Hál.

2. Quf ruf tmi alemtf `m ecxl< 66. Hf suf afsf, vlaä plssuc
plssuc ui qufrtl sñ pfrf vlaä<
vlaä<
󰁆 Qci. 󰁆 Qci.
󰁏 Hál. 󰁏 Hál.

3. Fekuãi qum ilrf ali vlaä rmamom olesf gfiéecf<

󰁆 Qci.
󰁏 Hál.

@lcs lu
Vufhtls `ls smkuchtms ctmhs mxcstmi hl elafe lh`m vlaä ilrf< Hmhbui ]i
ifcs.
6?. Ofhbmcrl. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁
61. Kmef`mcrf. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁
60. Iæquchf `m efvfr rlupf. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁
6=. Icarl-lh`fs. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁
67. Fr-alh`caclhf`l. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁
6;. Futliñvme (afrrl,
(afrrl, afichblhmtm,
afichblhmtm, mta.). 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁
62. Qifrtpblhm. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁
63. Aliputf`lr (efptlp,
(efptlp, hltmollj, `msjtlp,
`msjtlp, mta.). 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁
?>. Wé`ml kfim (R-olx 17>, R-olx Lhm, ^Q1, ^Q0). 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁

?6. Vufhtls `caclhærcls

`caclhærcls mxcstmi hl elafe lh`m vlaä
ilrf<
󰁆 Hmhbui.
󰁏 ]i, `m Eéhkuf ^lrtukumsf.
󰁁 ]i, oceéhkum (^lrtukuäs-Chkeäs, ^lrtukuäs-Mspfhble,
mta.).
󰁀 @lcs lu ifcs, tl`ls `m Eéhkuf ^lrtukumsf.
󰁍 @lcs lu ifcs, tl`ls oceéhkums.
󰁇 @lcs lu ifcs, `m Eéhkuf ^lrtukumsf m oceéhkums.
??. Qmi alhsc`mrfr ecvrls msalefrms,
msalefrms, dlrhfcs m rmvcstfs,
qufhtls ecvrls mxcstmi hl elafe lh`m vlaä ilrf<
󰁆 Hál tmhbl ecvrls hf ichbf afsf.
󰁏 L ofstfhtm pfrf mhabmr uif prftmemcrf (6 f ?> ecvrls).
󰁁 L ofstfhtm pfrf mhabmr uif mstfhtm (?6 f 6>> ecvrls).
󰁀 L ofstfhtm pfrf mhabmr værcfs prftmemcrfs (ifcs `m 6>>
ecvrls).
?1. L qum vlaä gfz hfs gãrcfs<
gãrcfs<
󰁆 Wcfdl ali f gfiéecf lu fickls.
󰁏 ^fssmcl hf prñprcf ac`f`m.
󰁁 Gcal mi afsf.

Vufsm Vufsm
Ali qum grmquähacf vlaä vfc4 Qmiprm Huhaf
smiprm huhaf
?0. Achmif. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
?=. Pmftrl. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
?7. Iusmu. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
?;. Qblw. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
?2. ^rfcf. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
?3. ^frqum.
󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
 ?0

A6?>1

P_FDMPÑ_CF MQALEF_4

EMCF ALI FPMHËÁL, FHPMQ @M _MQ^LH@M_ ÎQ V]MQPÝMQ.

1>. Wlaä grmqumhtlu f msalef pmef prcimcrf vmz4 1?. Wlaä dæ glc rmprlvf`l<
󰁆 Hf armabm (> f 1 fhls). 󰁆 Hál.
󰁏 Hf prã-msalef (0 f = fhls). 󰁏 Qci, uif vmz.
󰁁 Hf prcimcrf sãrcm lu prcimcrl fhl (7 f ; fhls). 󰁁 Qci, `ufs vmzms lu ifcs.
󰁀 @mplcs `f prcimcrf sãrcm (2 fhls lu ifcs).
11. Wlaä dæ fofh`lhlu f msalef
msalef `urfhtm l pmrél`l `m
16. F pfrtcr `f 6ª sãrcm lu 6´ fhl `l Mhschl Guh`fimhtfe, fuefs m alu glrf `f msalef l rmstl `l fhl<

mi qum tcpl `m msalef vlaä mstu`lu< 󰁆 Hál.

󰁆 Qlimhtm mi msalef pôoecaf. 󰁏 Qci, uif vmz.
󰁏 Qlimhtm mi msalef pfrtcauefr. 󰁁 Qci, `ufs vmzms lu ifcs.
󰁁 Mi msalef pôoecaf m mi msalef pfrtcauefr.

_M^_LWFËÁL4
F smkucr, smrál fprmsmhtf`fs fs glrifs alil träs msalefs ec`fi ali f rmprlvfëál
rmprlvfëál..
Emcf ali ftmhëál fhtms `m rmsplh`mr îs qumstýms.

Hf msalef `m Aficel
Aficel f
 f rmprlvfëál ã f sleu- Hf msalef `m Iæracf
Iæracf f
 f rmprlvfëál ã f sl- Hf msalef `m Dlál
`m  Dlál f
 f rmprlvfëál ã f sleu-
ëál mi pluals afsls lh`m mstu`fhtms täi euëál mi fekuhs afsls lh`m mstu`fhtms ëál mi værcls afsls lh`m mstu`fhtms täi
prloemifs ali f hltf m f `csacpechf. täi prloemifs ali f hltf m f `csacpechf. prloemifs ali f hltf m f `csacpechf.

Alhalr`l @csalr`l
Alhalr`l @csalr`l
Alil vlaä sm smhtm mi rmefëál îs smkuchtms fgrifëýms4 ifcs qum ifcs qum
tltfeimhtm tltfeimhtm
`csalr`l alhalr`l
10. F msalef `m Aficel f`ichcstrf omi fs rmprlvfëýms `ls smus
󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
feuhls.
1=. F msalef `m Iæracf f`ichcstrf omi fs rmprlvfëýms `ls smus
󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
feuhls.
17. F msalef `m Dlál f`ichcstrf omi fs rmprlvfëýms `ls smus
󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
feuhls.
Emiorm-sm! Hál bæ rmsplstfs amrtfs lu mrrf`fs, qumrmils sfomr suf lpchcál!
1;. Mu fabl qum ls prlgmsslrms `f ichbf msalef rmprlvfi
rmprlvfi ls
󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
feuhls plr ch`csacpechf.
12. Mu fabl qum ls prlgmsslrms `f ichbf msalef rmprlvfi
rmprlvfi ls
󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
feuhls plr gfetf.
13. Mu fabl qum ls prlgmsslrms `f`f ichbf msalef rmprlvfi ls
󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
feuhls plr hltf.
0>. Hmstm fhl, imu prlgmsslr `cssm
`cssm qum cræ rmprlvfr fekuãi `f
󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
ichbf turif.
06. Mu fabl qum iuctls prlgmsslrms
prlgmsslrms utceczfi f rmprlvfëál pfrf
pfrf
󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
alhtrlefr f turif.
0?. Qm l feuhl hál fprmh`mu, tmi imsil `m smr rmprlvf`l. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀

01. Mu fabl qum ls feuhls ofkuhamcrls imrmami rmpmtcr `m fhl. 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀

00. Mu fabl qum ls feuhls rmprlvf`ls
rmprlvf`ls sál trftf`ls `m glrif
󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
`cgmrmhtm pmels alemkfs.
0=. Mu fabl qum f ichbf msalef f`ichcstrf omi fs rmprlvfëýms
 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
`ls smus feuhls.
?=

A6?>1

MR^MAPFPCWFQ4

F smkucr, smrál fprmsmhtf`fs afrfatmréstcafs

afrfatmréstcafs `m träs feuhls.
Emcf ali ftmhëál, fhtms `m rmsplh`mr îs qumstýms.

^m`rl  tmi amrtmzf `m qum cræ alipemtfr

^m`rl  ^fuef  fabf qum cræ alipemtfr smus ms-
^fuef  Afrels fabf qum cræ alipemtfr smus mstu-
Afrels fabf
smus mstu`ls smi rmprlvfëýms, farm`ctf tu`ls smi rmprlvfëýms, farm`ctf qum cræ `ls, farm`ctf qum tfevmz alhsckf ftã pfssfr
qum cræ alhsmkucr pfssfr mi uif olf gf- alhsmkucr pfssfr mi uif gfaue`f`m m tmræ mi uif gfaue`f`m qufh`l tmrichfr l Mh-
aue`f`m m tmræ imeblrms lplrtuhc`f`ms imeblrms lplrtuhc`f`ms qum smus pfcs. schl Iã`cl, m tfioãi qum tmræ lplrtuhc-
qum smus pfcs. `f`ms tál olfs qufhtl fs `m smus pfcs.

Alhalr`l @csalr`l
Alhalr`l @csalr`l
Alil vlaä sm smhtm mi rmefëál îs smkuchtms fgrifëýms4 ifcs qum ifcs qum
tltfeimhtm tltfeimhtm
`csalr`l alhalr`l
07. ^m`rl
^m`rl tmi
 tmi fetfs mxpmatftcv
mxpmatftcvfs
fs slorm smu guturl.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
0;. ^fuef
^fuef tmi
 tmi fetfs mxpmatftcvf
mxpmatftcvfss slorm smu guturl.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
02. Afrels
Afrels tmi
 tmi fetfs mxpmatftc
mxpmatftcvfs
vfs slorm smu guturl.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
Emiorm-sm! Hál bæ rmsplstfs amrtfs lu mrrf`fs, qumrmils sfomr suf lpchcál!
03. Mu fabl qum guc iuctl omi hf(s) prlvf(s) qum fafomc
fafomc `m gfzmr.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
=>. Mu vlu alhsmkucr pfssfr `m fhl smi `cgaue`f`ms.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
=6. Mu vlu alhsmkucr alhaeucr l Mhschl Iã`cl smi `cgaue`f`ms.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
=?. Mu vlu alhsmkucr
alhsmkucr pfssfr hf gfaue`f`m.
gfaue`f`m.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
=1. Mu vlu alhsmkucr
alhsmkucr ui oli miprmkl.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
=0. Mu tmhbl fetfs mxpmatftcvfs
mxpmatftcvfs slorm imu guturl.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀

AECIF MQALEF_4

F smkucr, smrál fprmsmhtf`fs afrfatmréstcafs

afrfatmréstcafs `m träs msalefs.
Emcf ali ftmhëál, fhtms `m rmsplh`mr îs qumstýms.

F msalef `l Aeæu`cl
Aeæu`cl   tmi værcfs ftcvc`f-
`ms, fs pmsslfs sm `ál omi hf ifclrcf
`l tmipl m sál pluafs fs vmzms qum ls
feuhls `mslom`mami fls prlgmsslrms m
fl `crmtlr. Vufh`l falhtmam `m smr al-
elaf`l pfrf glrf `f sfef `m fuef, l feuhl
sfom l iltcvl.
F msalef `f Ifrcf
Ifrcf gfz
 gfz uif kchafhf tl`l
fhl, fs pmsslfs sm `ál omi m ls feuhls
hál `mslom`mami iuctl fls prlgmsslrms
m fl `crmtlr. Vufh`l falhtmam `m smr al-
elaf`l pfrf glrf `f sfef `m fuef, l feuhl
hmi smiprm sfom l iltcvl.
F msalef `l Gæocl
Gæocl tmi
 tmi fuefs l fhl tl`l,
`m vmz mi qufh`l bæ fekuifs orckfs, m
ls feuhls `mslom`mami fls prlgmsslrms
m fl `crmtlr qufsm smiprm. Vufh`l falh-
tmam `m smr alelaf`l pfrf glrf `f sfef `m
fuef, l feuhl hál sfom l iltcvl.

Alhalr`l @csalr`l
Alhalr`l @csalr`l
Fklrf, `ckf qufe suf lpchcál slorm fs smkuchtms fgrifëýms4 ifcs qum ifcs qum
tltfeimhtm tltfeimhtm
`csalr`l alhalr`l
==. F msalef `m Aeæu`cl
Aeæu`cl tmi
 tmi ui oli aecif msalefr.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
=7. F msalef `m Ifrcf
Ifrcf tmi
 tmi ui oli aecif msalefr.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
=;. F msalef `m Gæocl
Gæocl tmi
 tmi ui oli aecif msalefr.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
Emiorm-sm! Hál bæ rmsplstfs amrtfs lu mrrf`fs, qumrmils sfomr suf lpchcál!

=2. Hf ichbf msalef,

msalef, tmils værcfs
værcfs ftcvc`f`ms
ftcvc`f`ms chtmrmssfhtms
chtmrmssfhtms fl
elhkl `l fhl.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
=3. Hf ichbf msalef,
msalef, ls feuhls
feuhls sm `ál omi
omi ali l `crmtlr.
`crmtlr.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
7>. F ichbf msalef
msalef mstæ smiprm
smiprm prmpfrf`f pfrf rmamomr ls
  󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
 feuhls.

?7

A6?>1

Alhalr`l @csalr`l
Alhalr`l @csalr`l
Fklrf, `ckf qufe suf lpchcál slorm fs smkuchtms fgrifëýms4 ifcs qum ifcs qum
tltfeimhtm tltfeimhtm
`csalr`l alhalr`l
76. Vufh`l l `crmtlr lu ls prlgmsslrms abfifi f ftmhëál `ls
  󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
feuhls, hñs lom`mamils.
7?. Hf ichbf msalef, iuctls feuhls afi `l ef`l `m glrf `f sfef
  󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
`m fuef gfzmh`l ofruebl.
71. Hf ichbf msalef, ls feuhls sm `ál
`ál omi ali ls prlgmsslrms.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
70. F ichbf msalef lgmrmam
lgmrmam fuefs mxtrfs (plrtukuäs,
(plrtukuäs, iftmiætcaf,
mta.).   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
7=. Ls prlgmsslrms gfetfi iuctl îs fuefs.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
77. Hf ichbf msalef, ls prloemifs
prloemifs qum falhtmami sál rmslevc`ls
  󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
hf prñprcf msalef.
7;. Ichbf msalef tmi ftcvc`f`ms pfrf ls feuhls hls hfcs `m
󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
smifhf.
72. Vufh`l bæ orckfs mhtrm ls feuhls, l(f)
l(f) `crmtlr(f) chtmrgmrm hf
󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
sctufëál.
73. Hf ichbf msalef, ls feuhls sm `ál
`ál omi ali ls smus alemkfs.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
;>. Ichbf msalef tmi ui oli aecif msalefr.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀

FPCP]@MQ M ^_ÆPCAFQ ^M@FKÑKCAFQ4

F smkucr, smrál fprmsmhtf`fs afrfatmréstcafs
afrfatmréstcafs `m träs prlgmsslrms.
Emcf ali ftmhëál, fhtms `m rmsplh`mr îs qumstýms.

F prlgmsslrf `m Feomrtl
Feomrtl utceczf
 utceczf `cgmrmhtms L prlgmsslr `m Aæsscf
Aæsscf utceczf
 utceczf ifcs l ecvrl F prlgmsslrf `m Lefvl
Lefvl trfofebf
 trfofebf l ecvrl `c-
rmaursls pfrf mhschfr4 quf`rl, PW, iô- `c`ætcal, îs vmzms mem pfssf fekui vé`ml `ætcal mi sfef `m fuef, `m vmz mi qufh`l
scaf, mta. ]sf tfioãi l ecvrl `c`ætcal m lu usf l efolrftñrcl `m chglriætcaf, m pfssf ftcvc`f`ms pfrf smus feuhls, ifs ls
fpfrmam ali ftcvc`f`ms `cgmrmhtms pfrf l pfssf ftcvc`f`ms pfrf f turif mi sfef `m mxmraéacls sál iuctl pfrmac`ls.
trfofebl mi sfef `m fuef. fuef.

Alhalr`l @csalr`l
Alhalr`l @csalr`l
Alil vlaä sm smhtm mi rmefëál îs smkuchtms fgrifëýms4 ifcs qum ifcs qum
tltfeimhtm tltfeimhtm
`csalr`l alhalr`l

;6. F prlgmsslrf `m Feomrtl sm chtmrmssf pmef

  fprmh`czfkmi `ls 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
feuhls.
;?. F prlgmsslrf `m Aæsscf sm chtmrmssf pmef fprmh`czfkmi `ls
  󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
feuhls.
;1. F prlgmsslrf `m Lefvl sm chtmrmssf pmef fprmh`czfkmi `ls
  󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
feuhls.
Emiorm-sm! Hál bæ rmsplstfs amrtfs lu mrrf`fs, qumrmils sfomr suf lpchcál!

;0. Imus prlgmsslrms utceczfi `cgmrmhtms rmaursls pfrf

fprmsmhtfr f iftãrcf (vé`ml, iôscaf, prlkrfifs `m 󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
aliputf`lr, mta.).
;=. Imus prlgmsslrms rmsplh`mi îs `ôvc`fs qum fpfrmami
  󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
mhqufhtl mems `ál fuef.
;7. Imus prlgmsslrms alrrckmi l `mvmr `m afsf
afsf mi sfef `m fuef
  󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
ali ls feuhls.
;;. Imus prlgmsslrms utceczfi ecvrl `c`ætcal.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
 ?;

A6?>1

Alhalr`l @csalr`l
Alhalr`l @csalr`l
Alil vlaä sm smhtm mi rmefëál îs smkuchtms fgrifëýms4 ifcs qum ifcs qum
tltfeimhtm tltfeimhtm
`csalr`l alhalr`l
;2. Imus prlgmsslrms gfefi slorm f ciplrtïhacf
ciplrtïhacf `m mstu`fr.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
;3. Imus prlgmsslrms
prlgmsslrms rmvcsfi f iftãrcf pfrf fs prlvfs.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
2>. Imus prlgmsslrms
prlgmsslrms alrrckmi ls mxmraéacls
mxmraéacls qum pfssfi mi sfef
sfef
  󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀
`m fuef ali ls feuhls.
26. Imus prlgmsslrms fdu`fi ls feuhls ali `caue`f`ms.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀

2?. Imus prlgmsslrms

prlgmsslrms täi olfs prætcafs
prætcafs `m mhschl.
mhschl.   󰁆 󰁏 󰁁 󰁀

 Fkrf`mamils suf pfrtcacpfëál! 

pfrtcacpfëál! 
?2