HO CHI MINH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS

LUONG HUU NAM

DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUALS IN THE CENTRAL

HIGHLANDS IN THE PERIOD OF ACCELERATING
INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION

SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS

FIELD OF STUDY: SOCIAL SCIENCE
Code: 62 22 03 08

HA NOI - 2017
 THE THESIS WAS COMPLETED AT
HO CHI MINH NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS

Supervisors: 1. Prof. Dr. Trinh Quoc Tuan

2. Dr. Dinh Khac Tuan

Reviewer 1: ..............................................................
..............................................................

Reviewer 2: ..............................................................
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Reviewer 3: ..............................................................
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The thesis shall be defended in front of the Thesis Committee

at Academy level at Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics
At...... .hour.......... date........ month..........year 2017

The thesis can be found at the National Library

and the Library of Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics
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INTRODUCTION

1. The necessity of the thesis

Intellectual is the precious capital of the nation, the embodiment of the
wisdom of the times. The more developed the society, the better the position
and role of intellectuals, especially in the context of the forthcoming fourth S &
T revolution, with the increasing gray matter competition.
The Communist Party of Vietnam affirms: "In every age, knowledge is
always the foundation of social progress, the intelligentsia is the core of
creativity and the spread of knowledge. Today, along with the rapid
development of modern science and technology revolution, intellectuals have
become an especially important resource, creating the strength of each country
in its development strategy".
Therefore, developing the intelligentsia is to raise the intellectual level
and strength of the nation, thereby contributing significantly to the cause of
building and developing the country along the socialist path that the 12th
National Assembly of the Party affirmed that "to build a contingent of
intellectuals with high quality and meet the requirements of national
development".
The Central Highlands are rich in potential and natural resources, and the
exploitation of these factors has spurred economic development. However, the
lack of understanding and of full and thorough assessment leads to the limited
understanding of the land and the people. Thinking of exploiting and destroying
is still mainstream at many levels, branches and people here, not yet forming
the thinking of exploiting associated with conservation and development.
Consequently, the forest is destroyed, the ecological environment is severely
degraded; Population structure is variable and unplanned; Many complex issues
arise, badly affecting the political security, social order and safety, threatening
the stability and development of the Central Highlands, thus creating holes and
gaps for the hostile forces and reactionary fighters.
The above shows that in order to ensure stability and rapid and
sustainable development, the Central Highlands needs to transform the growth
model from breadth to breadth and depth. In particular, it is necessary to build
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high quality human resources as a breakthrough. Solving this problem is to

remove the obstacles for the development here. However, finding the solution
to the problem is not easy but very difficult. Especially for a long time, the
Central Highlands is an area that is low in education and thus the human
resources in general and the intellectuals in particular have many shortcomings
in terms of quantity, quality and structure.
Besides, in the past years, although there have been many scientific
studies on the Central Highlands, but from the viewpoint of philosophy, there
are no topics to study fully and comprehensively about the development of the
intellectuals in the Central Highlands. That also raises the need to study more
about this area.
Based on the above reasons, it is very important to research, study and
evaluate the real situation of development of the intellectuals in the Central
Highlands to determine the viewpoints and solutions to continue to develop and
improve this contingent both theoretically and practically. Moreover, as a
person who has lived, matured and worked for more than 30 years in the
Central Highlands, with the desire to contribute a small part of one’s strength to
the development process, considering it as a tribute to the land and the people
here who have brought up, taken care of the PhD candidate, the topic
"Development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands in the period of
accelerated industrialization and modernization" is chosen as the Philosophy
Doctoral thesis, majoring in social science.
2. Research purposes and research tasks
2.1. Research purposes
By reviewing the real situation of development of the intellectuals in the
Central Highlands in the period of accelerating industrialization and
modernization, the dissertation proposes the basic viewpoints and key solutions
for further development of this contingent in the near future, meeting the
requirements of the industrialization and modernization of Central Highlands.
2.2. Research tasks
The dissertation outlines research works about intellectuals, development
of intellectuals in general and in the Central Highlands in the period of
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promoting industrialization and modernization in particular. Clarification of

theoretical and practical basis for development of intellectuals in the Central
Highlands. Introduce the concept of development of intellectuals in the Central
Highlands, the factors that affect the development. On that basis, the thesis
assesses the current status of this contingent’s development in the Central
Highlands and highlights the issues set out, thereby proposing views and
solutions to continue to develop.
3. Research subjects and research scope
3.1. Research subjects
The thesis studies the intellectuals and the development of intellectuals in
Central Highlands.
3.2. Research scope
The thesis researches intellectuals and development of the intellectuals in
five provinces of Central Highlands from 1996 to present.
4. Theoretical, practical basis and research methodology
4.1. Theoretical and practical basis
- Theoretical basis: The implementation of the thesis is based on the
theoretical basis of Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh's ideology, the Party's view
and the law of the Government on intellectuals, the development of the
intellectuals. The thesis selectively inherits the theoretical research achievements
of the social sciences and humanities related to the topic.
- Practical basis: Development status of the intellectuals in the Central
Highlands in the period of promoting industrialization and modernization.
4.2. Research Methodology
- Methodology: Apply the point of dialectical materialism, historical
materialism to the research process.
- Secondary Document Study: Data are collected from documents,
published research related to the topic.
- The method of sociological investigation: Developing, using the
questionnaire. The total number of questionnaires was 750. Those who are
surveyed are people with university or higher degree, living and working in the
Central Highlands provinces. The timeframe for the survey is from October
2015 to May 2016.
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- Method of presenting the content of the thesis: Historical - logiccal,

analysis - synthesis, comparison, statistics.
5. New contributions of the thesis
- The thesis presents the concept of the intellectuals and development of
the intellectuals in the Central Highlands. The relationship between
development of the intellectuals in the Central Highlands with industrialization,
modernization and fundamental factors affecting the development of this
contingent.
- Providing a view on the real situation of intellectuals and development
of intellectuals in the Central Highlands in the period of promoting
industrialization and modernization and problems in the development process
of this contingent.
- Proposing fundamental views, main solutions for further development of
intellectuals in the Central Highlands in the coming time.
6. Theoretical and practical meanings of the thesis
- Theoretical meaning: Contributing to adding some theoretical contents
on intellectuals and development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands to
improve the basis for considering and issuing policy for the development of this
contingent.
- Practical meaning: contributing to clarify the real situation of
development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands and solutions for further
development of this team.
The thesis can be a reference in academic research.
7. Structure of the thesis
In addition to the introduction, conclusions and recommendations, list of
scientific works, list of references and appendix, thesis consists of 4 chapters,
10 sections.
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Chapter 1
OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION RELATING
TO THE THESIS TOPIC

1.1. RESEARCH WORKS ON THE INTELLECTUALS AND THE

DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTELLECTUAL CONTINGENT
1.1.1. Studies of the intelligentsia
There are many scientific works referring to intellectuals and the
intellectual contingent, including some typical works as follows: 1. Intellectuals
of ancient Vietnam by Vu Khieu; 2. Uncle Ho with intellectual scholars
composed by Tran Duong; 3. The Russian intellectuals of many authors
(Russian), translated by La Thanh and Pham Nguyen Truong; 4. Vietnam
intellectual resources, history, current status and prospects edited by Nguyen
Van Khanh; 5. Intellectuals of Vietnam advancing along the times of Nguyen
Dac Hung; 6. Vietnamese women's intellectuals in the current renovation - the
potential and direction of construction of Do Thi Thach; 7. The knowledge of
ethnic minorities in Vietnam in the renovation of Trinh Quang Canh; 8.
Vietnamese Intellectuals in the Development of the Knowledge Economy of
Nguyen Cong Tri; 9. Vietnam's higher education intellectuals in training high
quality human resources in the period of accelerated industrialization and
modernization of Nguyen Thi Thanh Ha; 10. Renew the Party's leadership of
intellectual advocacy in the current period of Le Cong Luong; 11. V. I. Lenin's
views and policies on the intellectuals in socialist revolution by Trinh Quoc
Tuan; 12. Some aspects on the role of intellectuals - the European view of Tran
Phuong Hoa; 13. Talent Management Policy of Singapore: systematic and
professional of Ha Minh.
1.1.2. Studies on the development of intellectuals
Regarding the development of intellectuals, there are some typical
projects as follows: 1. Scientific argument for policies to promote creativity of
intellectuals and students led by Pham Tat Dong; 2. Human resources training
in Japan, lessons for Vietnam edited by Nguyen Tien Luc; 3. Promote the
potential of Vietnamese social science intellectuals of Nguyen An Ninh; 4. To
build a contingent of intellectuals in the period of accelerating industrialization
and modernization according to Ho Chi Minh's ideology co-edited by Nguyen
Khanh Bat and Tran Thi Huyen; 5. Current situation and solutions to build
 6

Vietnamese intellectuals in the cause of national renewal of Dam Duc Vuong;

6. Vietnam Talent Development Strategy of Cao Van Thong and Do Xuan
Tuat; 7. Development of high quality human resources in the process of
industrialization and modernization in Da Nang city today by Le Van Phuc; 8.
The motivation of intellectuals in creative work in our country today by Phan
Thanh Khoi; 9. Promote the intellectual resources of Bui Thi Ngoc Lan in our
country's current renovation process; 10. Building a team of architects in the
field of renovation in our country today by Le Quang Quy; 11. Building a team
of intellectuals in Ho Chi Minh City in the cause of industrialization and
modernization of Truong Van Tuan; 12. Building the Vietnamese intelligentsia:
Finnish experience of Nguyen Thanh Huy; 13. Attract and merit talent in the
current period of Dinh Ngoc Giang; 14. Building intellectuals in the period of
accelerated industrialization and modernization of Phung Huu Phu.
1.2. RESEARCH WORKS ON INTELLECTUALS AND THE
DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUALS IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS
IN THE PERIOD OF PROMOTING INDUSTRIALIZATION AND
MODERNIZATION
1.2.1. Studies of intellectuals in the Central Highlands
In fact, there are many studies on the Central Highlands, but in-depth
research on intellectuals in the Central Highlands is not much. Related to this
issue in the past few years are the following: 1. Central Highlands at the end of
the 20th century, the population and human resources of Nguyen Tuan Triet; 2.
Y. Ngông Niê Kđăm life and in the hearts of friends and colleagues by many
authors; 3. Aiming toward Sustainable Development in Central Highlands
edited by Le Van Khoa and Pham Quang Tu; 4. On human resources and
science and technology policy in the province, report of Kon Tum Union of
Science and Technology Associations; 5. Culture and people of the Central
Highlands in the artistic prose 1945-2000 by Dang Van Vu; 6. A new
intellectual class of the Central Highlands, completely true by Nguyen Ngoc; 7.
The main solution for development of Dak Lak's intellectual resources to 2020
by Pham The Trinh.
1.2.2. Studies on the development of intellectuals in the Central
Highlands
Regarding the development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands in
recent years, there are some typical projects, such as: 1. Some issues of building
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a contingent of key leaders of ethnic minority groups in the Central Highlands

edited by Le Huu Nghia; 2. Study and propose solutions to training the sources
and effective use of ethnic minority intellectuals in Dak Lak province headed
by Nguyen Duc Bach; 3. Assessment of the situation and propose some
solutions to promote the intellectuals of the intelligentsia in Dak Lak province
led by Y Niem Niet; 4. Current status and solutions for human resource
development for socio-economic development in Dak Nong province to 2020
by Nguyen Vo Linh; 5. Research on the situation and propose measures to build
the intelligentsia team in Lam Dong province headed by Truong Tro; 5. To
create a source of cadres and civil servants of Tay Nguyen ethnic minority
people in the current period of Truong Thi Bach Yen; 6. Development of the
head of the high school in the Central Highlands provinces in the context of
education reform of Cao Thi Thanh Xuan; 7. Improve the quality of key staff at
district level in the Central Highlands provinces in the current period of Nguyen
Thanh Dung; 8. Develop human resources in tourism in South Central Coast
and Central Highlands of Tran Son Hai; 9. Building the contingent of ethnic
intellectuals in the Central Highlands in the renewal period of Truong Minh
Duc; 10. Results of the five-year implementation of the Resolution of the 7th
Central Committee (Xth session) on building intellectuals in Gia Lai province
of Pham Thi Thu Dung; 11. Development and training of human resources in
the Central Highlands in the renovation and development by Bui Tat Thang; 12.
Development and training of human resources in the renewal period,
presentation by Department of Science and Technology of Dak Lak province;
13. University training with the development of high quality human resources
in the Central Highlands nowadays by Truong Thi Hanh.
1.3. VALUES OF RESEARCH WORKDS AND ISSUES NEED
FURTHER STUDYING
1.3.1. Values of the research works
Firstly, it is possible to see the array of intellectuals has attracted the
attention of many scientists with many studies. In those works, although there
are still different understandings, they have confirmed the position, the
important role of intellectuals for social development. Many works have stated
and analyzed the concept, function and characteristics of intellectuals.
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Secondly, many scientific works have gained great results in assessing the
real situation of intellectuals, drawing lessons and proposing ideas and solutions
to the development of this team.
Thirdly, in scientific studies, when evaluating and analyzing the situation, there
are many information and data which have clear, reliable and persuasive origin.
Fourthly, in assessing the development of intellectuals, many works
emphasized on the development in quantity, quality, structure and guidelines of
the Party, the State's policies and laws towards this contingent. In terms of
numbers, there is an emphasis on the increase in the number of people with
university education; The structure emphasizes the structure of the training sector,
field of work...; The quality is shown in health, knowledge and moral qualities.
Fifthly, in the researches on intellectuals and intellectuals development in
the Central Highlands (mainly in each of the Central Highlands provinces), there
have been initial observations, analyzes of achievements, limitations and causes.
1.3.2. The inheritance of the thesis and issues need further studying
These researches have achieved great results in solving some theoretical
issues, realities of intellectuals and development of intellectuals. Those results
are an important basis for the acquisition, inheritance in the process of
implementation of the thesis.
However, from the viewpoint of development of intellectuals in the
Central Highlands, there is no scientific work to fully and comprehensively
address the theory, practice and reality of the development of intellectuals here,
especially in the period of accelerated industrialization and modernization.
Therefore, the thesis focuses on solving some of them, namely:
Firstly, presenting the concept of intellectuals and the development of
intellectuals in the Central Highlands, the relationship between intellectuals
development in the Central Highlands and the accelerating of industrialization
and modernization and factors affecting the development of this contingent;
Secondly, analyzing and assessing the development of intellectuals in the
Central Highlands, achievements, constraints, causes and issues for
development of this contingent;
Thirdly, on the basis of the real situation of development of intellectuals
in the Central Highlands and the issues raised, the dissertation proposes basic
ideas and key solutions for further development of this team in the coming time,
meeting the requirements of the cause of accelerating industrialization and
modernization of Central Highlands.
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Chapter 2
DEVELOPING INTELLECTUALS IN CENTRAL HIGHLANDS IN THE
PERIOD OF ACCELERATING OF INDUSTRIALIZATION AND
MODERNIZATION THERETICAL AND PRACTICE ISSUES

2.1. SOME BASIC CONCEPTS

2.1.1. The concept of intellectuals and intellectuals in the Central
Highlands
2.1.1.1. The concept of intellectuals
There are now many different views on the intelligentsia. Based on the
study of these concepts, the PhD candidate affirms that the Vietnamese
Communist Party's notion of intellectuals is a fairly comprehensive reflection of
intellectuals, especially Vietnamese intellectuals, being the basis, the
orientation to study the intellectuals and development of the intellectuals
nowadays.
2.1.1.2. The concept of intellectuals in the Central Highlands
Based on the concept of knowledge and the specific characteristics of the
natural, social, cultural and ethnic conditions in the Central Highlands, we
believe that: intellectuals in the Central Highlands is a part of Vietnam's
intellectuals, including creative mind workers who have the capacity for
independent thinking and the level of knowledge, disseminating and enriching
knowledge, creating valuable products for the society, living and working in the
Central Highlands provinces.
From the above conception, it is possible to understand the intellectuals in
the Central Highlands through the following main contents: First, the
intellectuals in the Central Highlands is part of the Vietnam’s intellectuals;
Secondly, intellectuals in the Central Highlands consists of creative minded
laborers with independent thinking ability and knowledge; Thirdly, the main
function of intellectuals in the Central Highlands is to propagate, enrich
knowledge and create valuable products for social development, in which
directly and firstly for the Central Highlands; Fourthly, the intellectuals in the
Central Highlands consists of people of good moral character and political will;
Fifthly, intellectuals in the Central Highlands consists of intellectuals who are
living, working in the Central Highlands provinces.
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2.1.2. The concept of development of intellectuals in the Central

Highlands
Development is a term commonly used in many different disciplines and
fields, so there are many different notions. From a philosophical perspective,
development is the process of perfection in quantity, quality and structure. The
main cause of development is the internal factors within things, the
determinants.
Through the presentation and analysis of the intellectuals and
development conception, we define that the development of intellectuals in the
Central Highlands is a process of mobilization to increase in quantity, quality
and reasonableness of the intellectual structure in the Central Highlands, due to
the reasonable influences of the subjects. From this perspective, it is possible to
understand the development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands, including:
Firstly, the content of the development includes the quantity, quality,
structure and policies of the intelligentsia.
Secondly, the subject of development is first of all the intellectuals
themselves; It is also family, school and society. In which the lines, guidelines
of the Party and policies and laws of the State have a great impact on
development.
Thirdly, there are many modes of development, in which mainly:
Training, fostering, use and treatment, attracting intellectuals.
Fourthly, the objective of developing the intellectuals in the Central
Highlands is to exploit the advantages and potentials of the region in service of
promoting the industrialization and modernization and socio-economic
development in the Central Highlands as well as contribute to comprehensive
human development.
2.1.3. Concept of industrialization and modernization in the Central
Highlands
Industrialization and modernization are an indispensable way for the
Central Highlands to escape poverty and backwardness, efficiently exploit the
potentials and strengths of the region and at the same time raise the efficiency
and effectiveness of economic management, contribute to the rapid and
sustainable development of the Central Highlands.
The industrialization and modernization of the Central Highlands is not
only a shift in the mode of production and social management, the application
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of scientific and technological advances to production and life but also the
preservation and promotion of the traditional values, characteristics of the land
and people here. Industrializing, modernizing the Central Highlands should first
take the agricultural sector to make a breakthrough, based on the strengths of
industrial crops and the fertility of basalt red soil.
2.2. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEVELOPING INTELLECTUALS
IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS WITH THE CAUSE OF PROMOTING
INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION
2.2.1. The development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands is an
important factor to ensure the successful implementation of the cause of
industrialization and modernization.
Firstly, intellectuals in the Central Highlands plays a decisive role in
summarizing practical, creating new knowledge, contributing significantly to
the planning of the industrialization and modernization of the Central
Highlands.
Secondly, in the Central Highlands, the intellectuals is the leader in
training and fostering human resources for the cause of promoting
industrialization and modernization and application of scientific and
technological achievements to the management and production process.
Thirdly, intellectuals in the Central Highlands is a pioneer in the
dissemination of knowledge, of advances in science and technology; of
directions, guidelines and policies of the Party, laws of the State to the people.
Fourthly, intellectuals in the Central Highlands contribute to maintaining
social and political stability, creating a firm foundation for industrialization and
modernization.
2.2.2. Industrialization and modernization will require the development
of intellectuals in the Central Highlands and at the same time create the
environment and conditions for the development of this contingent
2.2.2.1. Industrialization and modernization require the development of
intellectuals in the Central Highlands
Firstly, the industrialization and modernization of the Central Highlands
is increasingly demanding for high quality human resources, including those of
the intellectuals, to meet the requirements of application of technological
advances to production and life.
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Secondly, industrialization and modernization associated with the

knowledge economy required the gradual improvement of the quality of
intellectuals in the Central Highlands.
Thirdly, industrialization and modernization contribute to the
development of the intellectuals structure in the Central Highlands in line with
the requirements of development.
2.2.2.2. Industrialization and modernization create the environment and
conditions for the development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands
Firstly, industrialization and modernization leading to the division of
labor and specialization becoming more and more profound, forming a number
of spearhead industries, leading to an increase in the quantity and quality of the
intellectuals.
Secondly, industrialization and modernization increase income as well as
facilitates increasingly better equipment for the contingent.
Thirdly, industrialization and modernization contributes to forming an
increasingly democratic and open social environment, meeting the needs of
research and innovation of intellectuals.
Fourth, industrialization and modernization inevitably promote the
perfection of policies for the development of intellectuals in the Central
Highlands.
2.3. BASIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
INTELLECTUALS IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS
In the process of development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands,
there are many influencing factors with two trends of motivation and constrain.
Out of which there are the following basic elements:
2.3.1. The objective factors
Firstly, the unfavorable natural geographic conditions created obstacles to
the development of the intellectuals. On the other hand, the Central Highlands
is an important place, strategically located in national defense and security,
abundant natural resources and abundant unexplored elements, which are
factors attracting intellectuals to come here to study, explore.
Secondly, the historical, cultural, population and ethnic factors that
contribute to the development of the intellectuals in the Central Highlands are
diversified in terms of their origins, both in cultural and ethnic elements.
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Thirdly, the impact of the economy, international integration, knowledge

economy and science and technology has promoted the intellectuals in the
Central Highlands to develop constantly. At the same time this also poses
challenges for this team in the process of moving forward.
2.3.2. Subjective factors
Firstly, the development of education and training has played an
important role in raising the people's knowledge, training human resources and
fostering talents for the Central Highlands provinces. However, limitations and
inadequacies of education and training also affect the development of the
intellectuals in the Central Highlands.
Secondly, the implementation of the Party's guidelines and policies as
well as the State's policies and laws have created a great momentum for the
development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands in terms of quantity,
quality and structure. But there are some policies are no longer appropriate in
the implementation process and have caused inadequacies, not created the
environment, conditions for intellectuals growth and development.

Chapter 3
ACTUAL SITUATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF
INTELLECTUALS IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS IN THE PERIOD
OF ACCELERATING INDUSTRIALIZATION AND
MODERNIZATION AND ISSUES SET OUT

3.1. THE ACTUAL SITUATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF

INTELLECTUALS IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS
3.1.1 The status of development of intellectuals in the Central
Highlands in terms of quantity and structure
3.1.1.1. The status of development of intellectuals in quantity
The number of intellectuals in the Central Highlands is still small in the
population structure and labor force. However, the pace of development over
the years has seen many positive changes. The number of intellectuals in the
Central Highlands is low, the number of ethnic minority intellectuals is even
lower. This fact has many causes, but mainly:
The causes of the achievements: Firstly, by the process of socialization of
education, training and attention of the Party, the State; Secondly, economic
 14

development, people's lives are improved; Thirdly, the process of

industrialization and modernization of the Central Highlands brought about a
significant change in the socio-economic structure, including the intellectuals;
Fourthly, policies for intellectuals are gradually being adjusted, supplemented
and perfected; Fifthly, constant efforts of people.
The causes of limitation: First of all, the level of development of the
Central Highlands is slow, the poverty rate is high; Secondly, the number of
university education institutions in the Central Highlands is small and of small
scale, which has not met the need to raise the educational level of people in
general and the intellectuals in particular. Thirdly, the pressure from the
demands of life, industrialization and modernization on intellectuals in the
Central Highlands is not enough to create the motivation as well as the demand
for raising the level; Fourthly, the life of an intellectual contingent is quite
difficult, the policies for intellectuals are still inadequate.
3.1.1.2. Actual development of intellectuals in structure
- Structure of the origin: The majority of intellectuals coming from
farmers, workers and revolutionary cadres have been strengthened to the
Central Highlands.
- Educational structure: This structure has an imbalance. The number of
people with master's and doctoral degrees is very low among those with
university or higher and those below the national average.
- Ethnic composition: intellectuals in the Central Highlands are formed
from many ethnic communities. However, ethnic minority intellectuals account
for a very low share of total intellectuals. The lower the level of ethnic minority
intellectuals is, the lower the number of enthic people with postgraduate
qualifications.
- Gender structure: Gender structure of intellectuals in Central Highlands
does not have big difference between male and female. Even so, the percentage
of male literacy in most provinces is always higher than female literacy. This
discrepancy is more pronounced among postgraduates.
- The structure of the training sector and work areas: The training
majors of the intellectuals is quite diverse. However, there is a great disparity
between majors. Intellectuals in the Central Highlands is unevenly
distributed, most intellectuals are concentrated in the political system, public
service delivery units.
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- Age structure: Intellectuals in the Central Highlands does not have a

large imbalance in age, ensuring succession and replacement. The average age
of the intellectuals is relatively young.
Thus, on the overall, the structure of intellectualsin the Central Highlands
has an imbalance. Firstly, Tay Nguyen socio-economic development is slow in
development and is unbalanced; Secondly, awareness of ethnic minorities in
education remains limited; Thirdly, there are no directional policies in
education, which lead to the state of both too much and not enough in the
structure of human resource training.
3.1.2. Situation of intellectual development in Central Highlands in
terms of quality
- About physical aspect
The socio-economic development in the Central Highlands has led to the
development of health, education and physical training through which people's
physical strengths gradually improved. As physical strength improves, it
contributes to improved quality, efficiency in labor and creativity.
Besides the positive side, the strength of the intellectuals in the Central
Highlands is still limited and weak, leading to the lack of agility and persistence
in labor, especially in the period of accelerating industrialization and
modernization of Tay Nguyen that creates pressure in labor.
- About intellect aspect
+ Education: Number of intellectuals with master's degrees and doctoral
degrees is very low among people with university or higher degree. However,
in terms of trends, there has been positive change over the years, which is the
increase in the number of postgraduate graduates is faster than the number of
university graduates.
+ Scientific research, counseling, judgment and social appraisal: The
participation of intellectuals in scientific research, counseling, judgment and
social assessment is increasing, thereby contributing to socio-economic
development. Besides the positive side, there are still many limitations, which
are many products of intellectuals with low gray matter content and low
application; The quality, effectiveness of counseling, judgment and social
assessment is not high.
+ Foreign language and computer skills: Foreign language proficiency is
low, so the level of use is still limited.
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The informatics level of the intellectuals in the Central Highlands is not

high, mainly dealing with simple tasks without much complexity.
- About personality aspect
+ Political consciousness: The intelligentsia in the Central Highlands
have the right political sense, consistent with the Party's goals and ideals,
determined to implement the country's renovation policy; Maintaining ethical
qualities, raising the sense of responsibility in performing duties and living.
+ Moral qualities, sense of discipline, lifestyle: The vast majority of
intellectuals in the Central Highlands raise the morality of the revolution, love
the job, enthusiastic of the work. Most intellectuals would like to bring their
strength and wisdom to contribute to the cause of building the rich and richer
Central Highlands.
However, there are still some intellectuals with poor discipline, indulging,
pragmatic lifestyles, not making efforts to improve.
Causes of achievements: the socio-economic development,
industrialization and modernization have created the premise and conditions for
the development of the intellectuals as well as the efforts, striving and self-
training of the intellectuals themselves; The quality of education is improved;
The socialization of education is promoted; The application of science and
technology has many development steps; The process of integration has become
more and more widespread and the policy for intellectuals is increasingly
perfecting.
Causes of restrictions: Due to unfavorable geographic and natural
conditions of the Central Highlands, which is being far from the major
economic and political centers of the country; The level of socio-economic
development in the Central Highlands remains low and slow, creating
insufficient conditions and environment for the development of the provincial
intellectuals; Some mechanisms and policies have not created enough
motivation to encourage intellectuals to improve their qualifications;
Mechanisms for intellectual participation in scientific research, counseling,
judgment and social assessment are cumbersome, complex, lacking
transparency and publicity; The reverse side of the market mechanism affecting
the intellectuals makes many intellectuals losing themselves; Anti-fierce hostile
forces also have an impact on the belief and political will of some intellectuals;
Due to the inertia and the psychological "anguish" in some intellectuals; There
 17

is no cooperation between universities and research institutes and enterprises in

the Central Highlands.
3.1.3. Current status of enactment and implementation of
development policy of intellectuals in the Central Highlands
Firstly, the policy of training and fostering intellectuals
Along with the promulgation, the process of implementation of training
and fostering policies has gained many positive results, contributing
significantly to the development of the intellectuals. However, the
implementation of the policy also revealed many shortcomings. Some localities
have not linked training and fostering to the planning and use plans. Many
intellectuals, after training, do not return to the Central Highlands. Efficiency
and quality of training and retraining are still low and do not meet the
requirements of the job.
Secondly, intellectual utilization policy
Many intellectuals after being recruited have been properly arranged in
training majors, professional work through which promote their ability and
strength. In some cases, it was not suitable but in practice they have also
adapted to work.
Along with the investment in facilities for the operation of the province,
Central Highlands provinces are gradually building and improving the working
environment; Increased funding for scientific activities.
In addition to the achievement, there remain restrictions on the use of
intellectuals. Specifically: Firstly, the arrangement and utilization of some
intellectuals do not match the capacity and dedication; Secondly, the salary of
most intellectuals is still low, creating no peace of mind; Thirdly, the
mechanism and policies are frugal, lack of transparency, consistency; Fourthly,
there are no specific criteria for assessing intellectual capacity.
Thirdly, preferential policies to treat and attract intellectuals
Favorable and attractive policies have been issued that show the interest
of the Central Highlands provinces in intellectuals. However, the
implementation process has revealed many inadequacies. Many policies are
promulgated but there is little or even no intellectual involvement, not reaching
the goals set out.
Attracting intellectuals, but the arrangement and utilization is not suitable
for professional capacity and strength.
 18

In summary, the policies for the development of the intellectuals in the

Central Highlands have been improved step by step, but there are still many
shortcomings, out of which the main reasons are: not putting education and
science and technology as the "top national policy"; Many policies for
intellectuals have been slowly promulgated and come to life; Incorrect and
lacking awareness of the position and role of intellectuals; Effectiveness of the
association of intellectuals is limited, still formal; Organizing staff,
management work still has many unreasonable points; Policies on intellectual
training are not synchronous; Financial mechanisms and policies in scientific
and technological activities remain inadequate.
3.2. PROBLEMS SET OUT TO THE DEVELOPMENT OFF INTELLECTUALS
IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS
3.2.1. Inadequacies between the situation of lacking of close, passive
connection of intellectuals in the Central Highlands with urgent
requirements of the cause of industrialization and modernization
Conditions and circumstances play a very important role in the
development of intellectuals. But the decisive factor is the internal effort, within
the intellectuals themselves, is the desire to rise to the top of knowledge, not
stop before the difficulties and challenges. Without self-effort it is hard to
develop the intellectuals in terms of high quantity, high quality and reasonable
structure.
In fact, in the Central Highlands, the linkage and integration of
intellectuals is still limited. Many intellectuals in the Central Highlands are
passive in research activities, in learning advanced level; Expecting to rely on
the State without self-initiative.
3.2.2. Mismatch in the perception of the political system and the
people about the position and role of intellectuals in the Central Highlands
The position and role of intellectuals are increasingly important for
stability, sustainable development, including the Central Highlands. But now, in
the Central Highlands, many levels of party committees, authorities and some
leading officials and managers at all levels are not fully aware of the position
and role of intellectuals. In particular, there are cases of despising and
underestimating them. As a result, there is no effective and strong solution to
gather and fully attract intellectuals to participate in the process of socio-
economic development. An intellectual unit is not fully aware of their position,
 19

role and responsibility to the State and society. Therefore, they lack the spirit of
cooperation and cohesion in the collective.
3.2.3. The shortcomings and inadequacies of the quantity, quality and
structure of the intelligentsia in the Central Highlands and the "brain drain"
Currently, in the Central Highlands, the number of intellectuals accounts
for a small proportion of the population and labor force, especially high-level
intellectuals, experts and scientists. Quality in the Central Highlands is still
inadequate compared to the requirements of the process of industrialization and
modernization. Capacity to grasp and master science and technology is limited.
The structure of intellectuals is still limited with many shortcomings.
3.2.4. Inadequacies in the issuance and implementation of the policy
to develop intellectuals in the Central Highlands
Policies for the development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands have
only been issued in recent years. Policies for training and fostering intellectuals
are still general, not concretized; The policy of recruitment, arrangement and use
of intellectuals is lack of transparency, publicity, democracy and equality; The
arrangement of work is still not reasonable; The policy of intellectual
attractiveness is unfeasible, not achieving the set objectives; Facilities for work,
scientific research of intellectuals have certain difficulties.

Chapter 4
BASIC VIEWS AND MAJOR SOLUTIONS FOR CONTINUING
THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUALS IN THE CENTRAL
HIGHLANDS NOWADAYS

4.1. BASIC VIEWS OF CONTINUING THE DEVELOPMENT OF

INTELLECTUALS IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS NOWADAYS
4.1.1. The development of the intelligentsia in the Central Highlands
must be closely linked to the process of building the country's intellectuals
in the national human resource development strategy and at the same time
to fully characterize the region
The intellectual team in the Central Highlands is an organic component of
human resources and the intellectuals in Vietnam. Therefore, the development
of this team is inseparable from the development of the country's intellectuals
and the national human resource development strategy.
 20

In addition, Central Highlands has many strengths in hydropower,

mineral mining, agro-forestry and wind power. Therefore, the development of
the intellectuals in the Central Highlands must fully account for these
characteristics. First, it is necessary to form experts and scientists for the
exploitation of these advantages, considering this as the breakthroughs, thus
creating the foundation and basis for comprehensive development of
intellectuals.
4.1.2. Investing in intellectuals in the Central Highlands is an
investment in the rapid and sustainable development of the region
For many resources, the more exploitation the more exhausted, whereas
the more human resources exploited the more developed. In the Central
Highlands, natural resources are decreasing and depleting. Therefore, in order
to ensure stability and development, investing in people, first of all, the
intellectuals, is a sustainable long-term path.
4.1.3. The development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands must
be coupled with the requirements of socio-economic development,
accelerated industrialization and modernization and the maintenance of
national defense and security
Only on the basis of the requirements of socio-economic development,
industrialization and modernization and security and defense in the Central
Highlands can accurately determine the contents, prospects, solutions and the
route of the development process of the intellectuals here. This process shows
the common characteristics as the development of intellectuals in other parts of
the country, and the specific characteristics of the specific conditions of the
Central Highlands.
4.1.4. The development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands
needs comprehensive, synchronous, but focused solutions
There must be a comprehensive solution for the development of the
intellectuals, in which it is necessary to continue to promote industrialization
and modernization and development of education, especially in remote and
ethnic minority areas. Improving the synchronism in the development of
intellectuals in terms of structure, professional qualifications, political theory,
foreign languages, computer science. Reviewing and improving policies for this
contingent. To attach importance to the development of intellectuals in
 21

education, science and technology and leadership and management. Step by

step forming some leading intellectuals.
4.2. MAJOR SOLUTIONS TO CONTINUING THE DEVELOPMENT
OF INTELLECTUALS IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS
4.2.1. Gathering and mobilizing intellectuals in the Central Highlands
Intellectual gathering is the combination of intellectuals together to form
a unified mass through which to create the strength to further develop this team
as well as promote their role in the development of the Central Highlands.
Activation of intellectuals in the Central Highlands is to promote positive,
active, self-motivated and creative actions in the activities, thereby maximizing
their contribution to development.
In order to gather and mobilize intellectuals in the Central Highlands:
Firstly, for existing intellectuals, they should be arranged in the right
professional field. Choosing among the best, most promising people to train,
foster into the intellectual elite.
Secondly, paying attention tothe large number of newly graduated
graduates, making the list divided into groups, nominating group leaders and
provinces should finance the funding as well as being the connection with
branches, units and enterprises to sign a research contract. In the process of
researching, identifying and selecting good performers and provinces should
arrange jobs in the spirit of right people, in the right place.
Thirdly, for the generations of high school students, the provinces should
through the education sector monitor their learning process, take the form of
encouraging the children to study well, expressing their talents.
Fourthly, focusing on creating intellectual source from children of ethnic
minority people living in the Central Highlands. Developing enrollment quotas
for each area in accordance with ethic minority planning; at the same time,
localities are planning to work out plans for ethnic minority staff in a specific
manner so as to have proper orientation.
Fifthly, the Central Highlands Steering Committee took the initiative in
organizing and leading conferences to coordinate works between universities
and research institutes and enterprises located in the Central Highlands
provinces.
 22

4.2.2. To unite and raise the awareness and responsibility of all levels,
branches and people about the position and role of the intelligentsia in
Central Highlands
Firstly, the Party committees and administrations at all levels in the
Central Highlands continue to grasp thoroughly the whole political system, first
and foremost key cadres at all levels on the position and role of human
resources in general and the intellectuals in particular with the development.
Secondly, to intensify the propagation and dissemination of the Party's
guidelines and policies as well as the State's laws on the position and role of
human resources and intellectuals for development.
Thirdly, accelerating the introduction of information technology to remote
areas, ethnic minority areas to improve access to services of the majority of
people, especially ethnic minorities.
Fourthly, to commend and reward in time and satisfactorily the
organizations and individuals having inventions and innovations.
Fifthly, strengthening the organization of trade promotion fairs in the
promotion of science and technology products to businesses and people.
4.2.3. To promote socio-economic development to create the basis
and premise for the building of a contingent of intellectuals of high
quality, high quantity and reasonable structure; limiting the "brain
drain" situation
Firstly, to promote industrialization and modernization in which the focus
is industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas. This
process will awaken the inherent potential of the Central Highlands and itself
creates the need for on-the-spot training of intellectuals as well as the attraction
of intellectuals in the Central Highlands.
Secondly, to open the door to a more deeply-developed socialist market
economy in the Central Highlands. The market economy promotes exchanges
and coordination, making the Central Highlands closer to the whole country,
harmonizing with the rhythm and progress of the renovation process.
Thirdly, through the development of tourism to expand exchanges,
cooperation between intellectuals in the Central Highlands with scientists,
researchers in the country, and in the world.
Fourthly, speeding up the process of democratization in order to improve
the living environment and creative mind labor of intellectuals in the Central
 23

Highlands. To truly reform the Party's leadership style and management of the
State for the intellectuals.
4.2.4. To renew and step by step improve the mechanisms and
policies for the development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands
Firstly, to review, supplement and perfect the existing mechanisms,
policies and regulations; Promulgation of new policies and regulations for
intellectuals.
Secondly, to specify the recruitment criteria; Arranging, using officials
towards openness, democracy, transparency and equality.
Thirdly, to increase the investment in facilities, techniques and
regulations to honor the contribution of intellectuals.
Fourthly, to supplement and perfect the operation regulations of the
Union of scientific and technical associations of provinces.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

CONCLUSION
The Central Highlands is a land rich in socio-economic development
potentials and strategically important for national defense and security.
However, due to objective and subjective reasons, it is still poor in comparison
with other parts of the country. Therefore, to promote industrialization and
modernization in order to raise the Central Highlands out of poverty and
backwardness, to become a region rich in economics, politically strong and
strong in national defense and security, are not only an objective necessities, but
also a matter of urgency today. However, in order to exploit the potentials,
advantages and avoid the destruction of resources, first of all, it is necessary to
have high quality human resources, those who are highly-knowledgeable in the
Central Highlands, in particular the intellectuals. Therefore, the development of
intellectualshas become an urgent requirement and a breakthrough in the
Central Highlands socio-economic development strategy.
In order to have a basis for evaluating the development of intellectuals in
the Central Highlands, the thesis has developed a theoretical framework for
studying the development of this contingent. In that, there is the concept of
development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands, of industrialization and
modernization in the Central Highlands and the relationship between the
 24

development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands with the cause of

promoting industrialization and modernization. Clarifying the basic factors
affecting the development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands.
Based on this, the thesis goes into assessing the real situation of
development of intellectuals in the Central Highlands in terms of quantity,
structure, quality and policy for the development of this team, from which
pointing out shortcomings in the development of intellectuals in the Central
Highlands and proposing some basic perspectives and key solutions for further
development of this contingent in the coming time.

RECOMMENDATIONS
Firstly, the Party and State to be more concerned and to have policies of
timely and reasonable encouragement with the ethnic minority people,
especially those who have been honored by the people among the village elders.
Proposing the title and building a set of criteria for reviewing the title for them.
Secondly, it is necessary to develop specific mechanisms and policies for
the training and education of ethnic minority children in the Central Highlands.
Setting up Tay Nguyen High School Preparatory School.
Thirdly, to formulate policies to encourage, transfer and dispatch a
number of high-level scientists and experts to the Central Highlands to support,
train, advise and educate the Central Highlands provinces.
Fourthly, to build a set of criteria for intellectual assessment on the basis
of reflecting the qualities, capacity, dedication of intellectuals.
Fifthly, to set up a high-quality human resource development center in
order to advise and propose policies and solutions to promote and develop high-
quality human resources.
Sixthly, reviewing, amending and supplementing Decree No.
45/2010/ND-CP dated 21/4/2010 "Regulations on organization, operation and
management" and Decision No. 68/2010/QD -TTg, dated 01/11/2010 of the
Prime Minister on the "Specific Associations" in conformity with Resolution
27-NQ/TW of the Party Central Committee and the Directive 42-CT/TW of
the Politburo.
 LIST OF PUBLISHED SCIENTIFIC WORKS OF THE
AUTHOR RELATING TO THE THESIS

1. Luong Huu Nam (2016), "Situation of intellectuals in Lam Dong

province and some solutions to develop the role of
intellectuals", Journal of Theoretical activities, (01), (134),
pp.72-77.

2. Luong Huu Nam (2016), "Recognizing the reality of intellectuals in

the Central Highlands", Journal of Theoretical activities, (08),
(141), pp. 62-66.

3. Luong Huu Nam (2017), "High-quality Human Resource Practices

in the Central Highlands and Problems set out", Proceedings
of the 2016 National Seminar on Socio-Economic
Development in the Central Highlands, Agricultural
Publishing House, pp. 241-245.