Geo_205 Mid-01 Answers

Mirza Md Nazmus Sadat

ID: 1530390630
Sec: 08

Question 01.

Answer: The coordinates of Timbuktu city is 16.7666° N, 3.0026° W.

Question 02.

Answer: Timbuktu is a city which belongs in country names Mali, officially the Republic of Mali.
It is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa.

Question 03.

Answer: In total, Mali shares its borders with seven other autonomous countries these are in
the following: Mauritania

• Mauritania.
• Algeria.
• Burkina Faso.
• Guinea.
• Niger.
• Ivory Coast.
• Senegal.

Question 04.

Answer: Timbuktu is located 15 Km north of the main channel of the River Niger which is
southern edge of the Sahara desert. It is common that because of the Sahara desert the city is
covered by sand dunes and also the streets of the city are covered with sands.

Because of the heavy rainfall in the headwaters of the Niger and Bani rivers in Guinea and
northern Ivory Coast cause annual flood of Niger River. In August rainfall of these areas are
heavy. The floodwater takes longer time to pass through the rivers, as results in Timbuktu the
floods lasts longer and at the end of the December floods reaches its maximum. Previously the
area flooded by the river was more extensive because of the high rainfall of these areas.
Floodwater would reach the western outskirts of Timbuktu.
During the period of colonial, the French used salves labor to dig a narrow canal that has been
linking Timbuktu and Kabara (Kabara is a small town in Mali on the Niger River, the port
for Timbuktu). The main purpose is to flow the flood water way from Timbuktu city. But over
the time the canal became silted and filled with sand, in 2007 the canal was re-opened as the
part of the project dredging.

According to the Köppen climate classification Timbuktu city features a hot desert climate.
Throughout the year most of the weather is hot and dry. Most the city’s rainfall happens
between June and September due to the influence of the Intertropical Convergence Zone.

The daily average maximum temperature in the hottest months that are April, May and June
are expected 40 °C (104 °F). On the other hand the lowest temperature in the months of
December, January and February are expected 30 °C (86 °F), one thing to be in mind is that the
average minimum temperatures do not drop below 30 °C (86 °F).

Here is a chart of average rainfall and average rainy days of Timbuktu city:

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average 0.6 0.1 0.1 1.0 4.0 16.4 53.5 73.6 29.4 3.8 0.1 0.2 182.
rainfall (0.0 (0.0 (0.0 (0.0 (0.1 (0.6 (2.1 (2.9 (1.1 (0.1 (0.0 (0.0 8
mm
(inches) 2) 0) 0) 4) 6) 5) 1) 0) 6) 5) 0) 1) (7.2
0)
Average 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.9 3.2 6.6 8.1 4.7 0.8 0.0 0.1 25.3
rainy
days (≥
0.1 mm)
Source: World Meteorological Organization

Question 05.

Answer: My assigned city is Timbuktu, which is which belongs in country names Mali, officially
the Republic of Mali. It is a landlocked country in West Africa. As Mali is belong to Africa
continent and Bangladesh is belong to Asia continent so, there is a significant geographical
difference exists. The main geographical differences are stated in the following:

Location:

Bangladesh is located in Southern Asia, side by side with Bay of Bengal. Geographic coordinates
are 24.00° N, 90.00° E. Bangladesh belong to in Asia continent.

Mali is located in Western Africa. It is a landlocked country. Geographic coordinates are 17.00°
N, 4.00° W. Mali belong to in Africa continent.
Area Compression:

Total area of Bangladesh is 148,460 sq km, in which land area is 130,170 sq km and water
covered area is 18,290 sq km. Total land boundaries is 4,413 km. Two border countries (1) India
4,142 km and (2) Burma 271 km.

Total area of Mali is 1,240,192 sq km, in which land area is 1,220,190 sq km and water covered
area is 20,002 sq km. Total land boundaries is 7,908 km. Seven border countries (1) Algeria
1359 km, (2) Burkina Faso 1325 km, (3) Cote d'Ivoire 599 km, (4) Guinea 1062 km, (5)
Mauritania 2236 km, (6) Niger 838 km, (7) Senegal 489 km.

Coastline:

The coastline area in Bangladesh is 580 km. Also the territorial sea area is 12nm, exclusive
economic zone: 200 nm and contiguous zone: 18 nm.

Mali is landlocked country. Entirely the country is surrounded by lands.

Climate:

Bangladesh has the tropical weather. In Bangladesh Mid winter occurred in October to March;
Hot and Humid summer happed in March to June; and humid and warm rainy season is
between Junes to October. That is the reason Bangladesh is called six seasons country.

Mali has the subtropical climate. Hot semi-arid climates are mostly found in the subtropical
desert. As the country’s southern has the Sahara Desert the climate tent to have hot and even
sometimes very hat indeed. Hot and dry is between February to June; rainy, humid, and mild is
between June to November and winter and dry season is between November to February.

Natural Resources:

The most available natural resources in Bangladesh are natural gas, arable lands, timber and
coal. Among this natural gas has the largest amount, although now days the amount of natural
has been decreasing because of the heavy uses.

In term of natural resource Mali has gold, bauxite, manganese, iron ore, limestone, phosphates
and uranium. There are some stones that found in Mali include Garnets, rare magnetic
minerals, pegmatite, corindons, metamorphosing minerals, quartz and carbonates. Some
natural resources amounts are given in the bellow:

Oil shale 10 billion metric tons Zinc 1.7 million metric tons

Gold 800 metric tons Uranium 5000 metric tons

Bauxite 1.2 billion metric tons Manganese 10 million metric tons

Limestone 40 million metric tons Iron 2 billion metric tons

Phosphates 20 million metric tons

***Note: This information was retrieved from

Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative. 2016. Mali. [online] Available at:
<https://eiti.org/mali#:~:text=Natural%20resources,proven%20reserves%20of%20oil%20shale.> [Accessed 15
September 2020].

Geography Note:

Bangladesh mostly situated on the deltas of the large rivers that are flowing from the
Himalayas. The main river Ganges unities with the jamuna and later joins the river Meghna that
eventually meets into the Bay of Bengal.

Mali is landlocked country. The country is mainly divided into three natural zones, (1) southern,
cultivated Sudanese; (2) the central, semiarid Sahelian; and (3) the northern, arid Saharan