Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region III – Central
Luzon Schools Division of
Pampanga

DONNA MARIE D.
TONGOL
SST -III
Write
r

JANE P. VALENCIA ,
Ed.D
EPS I -
MATHEMATICS
 TITLE : Avengers: The Six Infinity Stones

LESSON 2: SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

Learning Competencies: Solves quadratic equations by : ( a)

extracting the square roots; ( b) factoring ; (c ) completing
square ; and ( d ) using the quadratic formula . M9AL- Ia-b-1
‘

One of the different ways in

finding the solutions of
quadratic equations is the (A)
EXTRACTING THE SQUARE
ROOTS. You will find these out
in the ACTIVITY CARD . First,
read and understand some
important
notes.

Quadratic equations that can be written in the form of x2=k

can be solved by applying the following properties:

1. If k> 0, then x2 = k, has two real solutions or roots :

x= +√k.
2. If k=0, then x2=k , has one real solution or root:
x=0.
3. If k < 0, then x2= k has no real solutions or roots.

Example 1. Solve by taking square roots of x2 = 25.

Solution: x2 = 25
x = +√25, by square root
property x = + 5. Extract the
square root.
Therefore , the roots/solutions are x=5 and x= -5, or x = {5, -5}
Example 2. What are the roots of 3x2 – 36 = 0?
2
Solution: – 36 = 0
3x
3x2 = 36, Using the Addition Property of

Equality, add both sides of the equation by 36.

x2 = 12 by square root property. Simply the
radical.

x  2 3
 Yes Fire Storm , you did it
great!
Another way of finding the
roots or solutions of a
quadratic equation is by (B)
FACTORING. The equation
must be in the form of ax2
+bx+c =0 .

We can use The Principle of Zero Products:

If ab = 0, then either a = 0, b = 0, or both a and b = 0.

Example 1 : Solve x2 + 7x + 6 = 0
Solution : Factor completely x2 + 7x + 6=0
(x + 6)(x + 1) = 0 Apply the zero- product property.

Now the equation as given is of the form ab = 0

Let us set each factor equal to 0 and solve.
x+6 =0 x+ 1=0
x =-6 x= -1

Therefore, the roots / solutions are x = - 6 and – 1 à x =

{-6, -1}

Example 2: Solve 12y2 – 5y = 2

Solution : Write the equation in standard form by subtracting -2 both sides of
the
equation.
12y2 – 5y -2= 0, a= 12 , b= -5 and
c= -2

Factor the left –hand side by using the ac method ,ac = (12)(-2) = - 24 à
factors of –
24 whose is sum is – 5. We have 1&-24, 2&-12, 3&-8, . . . …..
12y2 – 5y – 2 = 12y2 + 3y – 8y – 2
= 3y(4y + 1) – 2(4y + 1)
=(3y – 2)(4y
+ 1) (3y - 2)(4y + 1) = 0

Now the equation as given is of the form ab = 0. Let us set each factor equal
to 0 and solve
3y -2 = 0 4y +1 =0
3y = 2 , Apply the APE 4y = -1, Apply the APE
y = 2/3 Apply the DPE y =-1/4 Apply the DPE

Note : DPE means Division Property of Equality

Therefore, the roots / solutions are y=2/3 and y= -1/4 or y={2/3,
-1/4}
 Now, we are on the third way in
finding the solutions of quadratic
equation, it is:
(C) COMPLETING THE
SQUARE .

Hey Hulk, how am I going

to use this method / way?

Spiderman, there are quadratic equations that are not

factorable. If an equation is not factorable, this method is
applicable to solve the roots/ solutions and can be used
whether the quadratic equation is factorable. Did you get it?
Here are the steps in finding the roots of Quadratic Equation
(QE) by Completing the Square.
1. If the coefficient of x is 1, proceed to step 2. Otherwise,
divide both sides of the equation by the coefficient of x2.

2. Group all variable terms on one side of the equation.

3. Complete the square for the resulting binomial by adding
the square of half the coefficient of x of the value of b to
both sides of the equation.

4. Factor the resulting perfect square trinomial and write it

as a square of binomial.

5. Use the square root property to solve for x.

Let us consider the following trinomials:

1. What number should be added to x2 +6x + to
make it perfect square?
The number to be added is [ ½ (b)]2 = [ ½ (6)]2 = 9.
Thus, the perfect square trinomial is x2 +6x + 9. We
can factor this as ( x +3 )2.
2. x2 -5x + . What should be the constant to be
added in
order to make the trinomial a perfect square ?
Since b= -5 , then the constant to be added is
[ ½ (b)]2 = [ ½ (-5)]2 = 25 .
4
The perfect square trinomial ( PFT ) is x2 -5x + 25. We
can

x- 5
2 4
factor this 2 .
as
 Let us try these examples.

Example 1. Find the roots of x2 +2x -3 =0

Solution :
Step 1 Since the coefficient of x2 is 1, let’s proceed
to Step 2.

Step 2 x2 +2x = 3

Step 3 Since b =2 , then we add to both sides of

the equation [ ½ (b)]2 = [ ½ (2)]2 = 1.
Thus we have x2 + 2x +1 = 3
+ 1 x2 + 2x + 1
=4

Step 4 ( x + 1 )2 =4 .

Step 5 ( x + 1 )2 =4 x +1 =
± √4, x
+1 = ± 2,
x+1=2 , or x+ 1= -2
x = 2 – 1, x=
-2 -1 x = 1 .
x = -3.
Therefore, the roots are 1 and -3 or x = { 1, -3}.

Example 2. Solve for the roots of 3x2 + 12x = 15.

Solution :
Step 1 Divide both sides of the equation by the coefficient of x 2 or
the value of a which is 3.
x2 +4x = 5

Step 2 x2 +4x = 5 , the variable terms are already isolated.

Step 3 Since b = 4 , then we add to both sides of the equation

[ ½ (b)]2 = [ ½ (4)]2 = 4.
Thus we have x2 + 4x +4 = 5
+ 4, x2 + 4x +
4=9

Step 4 ( x + 2 )2 =9 .

Step 5 ( x + 2 )2 =9 x+2=
± √9, x +
2 = ± 3,
x+2=3 , or x+
2= -3 x = 3 – 2,
x = -3 -2
x =1. x=
-5. Therefore, the roots are 1 and -5 or x =
{ 1, -5}.
 Hey! Spidey, I need your help. What is
the last way or method in finding the
roots or solutions of quadratic
equations?

Yes , Fire Storm! It is my

pleasure! I can fix this, the
last method in finding the
solutions
/ roots is by using ( D )
the
QUADRATIC FORMULA.
Hey , look at the solution
process.

Compare the two

solutions: ax2 + bx + c =
2x2 +5x +1 =0 , 0,
5 1 � �
x2 + x + x +
2 x+
2
=0, 2 =0, �
�
5 � �
x12 + x = x2 + x =-
- 2 2 � �
5 25 � ²
x2 + 2 x25+ = -1 + 16 x2 + x�+ = �- +
� ² 4�
16 2 � 4 �
�
5 �
(25−8
x+ )2 = (x + ) 2 = b2-4ac
4 16 2�
4a2
Since ( 25-8) > 0 , we If b2-4ac > 0 , we have
have �
5 17
x +4 = ±16√
5
x +2� = ± √4��²−4
²
��
,
x =- ±
�
√17 4. x=-
� ²−4
4 √
±2� ��
4�²
,
�
𝟐
x = -2� ± √� − 𝟒��
Thus, the roots are
: 2a

x = - 5 + √17 , Thus , the roots are :

or
4
�
x=- + √�𝟐 − 𝟒�� , or
x=-5- 2� 2a
√17 .
4 x=-
�
�𝟐 − 𝟒��
+ 2� 2a .
 −� ± √ �𝟐 −𝟒 ��
Therefore , the quadratic formula is x=
𝟐�
 Here are some
examples, Fire Storm!

Example 1. Find the roots of 5x2 +10x

+4 =0. Solution : a= 5 , b =10 , c= 4
Use the quadratic formula.
−� ±√ � 2 −4 ��
x= 2�

Substitute the value of a , b, and c, to

the formula.
10 ±√ ( 10 ) ²−4( 5 )( 4)
x= - 2(5)
Solve for the roots.
− 10 ±√100 −80
x= 10
,
− 10 ±√20
x=
,
10
− 10 +2 √5 −
Therefore,
10−2√5
the roots are x = and x =
. 10 10

Example 2. Find the roots of 4x2 -23x =6.

Solution: Write the equation in standard
form.
4x2 -23x - 6 =
0
Hence, a =4, b=-23, and c =-6
Use the quadratic
formula. −�
x=
±√ � 2 −4 ��
2�

Substitute the value of a , b, and c, to the formula.

−( −23) ± √ (−23) ²−4 (4 )
x=
(−6 )
2(4)
23 ±√529 +96
x= 8

23 ±√625
x= 8

23±25
x= 23 − 25
8
23+ 25 x= 8
x= 8
48 2
x= 8
x=
,8
1
x=6 x = 4- .

1
Therefore, the roots are x = 6, and x =
4
- .

10
Shade the corresponding roots in the box for the given quadratic
equations and get the letters to decode the hidden message.
You
may use extracting the square root method

P:±6 M: ±7 C : 5, 6 A:0 J : 4, -1

Q : ± √5 L : ±11 H:±4 D : -4 , 1 I:±3

S : 16, -6 Y: ±8 B : ± 4 √2 E:±2 A : 0,
-4

U:6,0 U : ± √10 N : 6, -16 G : 1, -1 T:±

2√2

O : ± 6 √2 V : ± √3 I:±5 J : -7 , -1 K : 5,
-2

W : ± 12 F : ± 2√3 X:±6 R : 0, -6 
9
±√6
4

Message :

1. x2 = 49 9. 5x2 = 40

2. x2 -27 =0 10. 3x2 -12 = 0

3. 3x2-36= 0 11. (x-5)2 =121

4. 9x2 = 0 12. ( x + 3)2 = 9

5. 5x2- 15=0 13. x2 =32

6. 2x2- 144=0 14. (2x- 3)2 = 25

7. ( x + 3)2 = 9 15. ( 4x – 9)2= 6

8. 4x2 -100 =0

Boom!!!
We
found
 the
stone!
Who Belong to the Group?
Directions: Solve all the quadratic equations by factoring then
group them by three compose of the quadratic equation, factor and
the roots.

(x+4)(x-3) 2x²+9x+9= X=6,x=-3 X=-3/2,x=-3

X=-4,x=-3
x²-2x-8=0 x²+x-12=0 x²-3x-18=0

X=4,x=-2
(2x+3)(x+3) 2x²+3x+1=

(x-4)(x+2)
X=-1/2,x=-1 (x-6)(x+3)
(2x+1)(2x+1)

Quadratic Equation Factor Roots

Fill in the constant that will make the trinomial a perfect

square. Write the letter of the answer in the box below
corresponding to the item number. (Use completing the
square method.)

Who is the father of algebra?

1. x2 -4x + T : 36

2. x2+10x + H :4
1

3. x2 + 6x +
I:9
4. x2-14x + D:4

5. x2 +12x + 49
O:4
6. x2- 3x +
S: 25
7. x2 + 9x +
A:
49
8. x2 +5x +
9
P :4
9. x2 –x +
25
10. x2 -7x + U :4

81
N: 4
 1 3 10 6 9 4 7 5 8
2

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the
chosen letter on space before each number.

1. You can answer a quadratic equation in the form of ax²+c=0

by?
A. Divide both by a C. Extracting the Square Roots
B. Elimination D. Isolating

_2. What is the form of quadratic equation when

b=0?
A. ax²+c=0 C. ax²+bx+c=0
B. ax²+b+c=0 D. ax²+bx+cx=0

_3. Which of the following is equal to x² =

100?
A. 10 C. -10,-10
B.-10 D. 10,-10
4. What are the factors of the quadratic equation x² – 6x = - 8?
A. (x + 4) (x – 2) C. (x + 4)
(x + 2) B. (x - 4) (x - 2) D.
(x – 4) (x + 2)
5. One of the roots of 2x²-5x-3=0 is -1/2 what is the other root?
A. 3 C. 5
B. -3 D. -5

6. Which of the following is equal to x² -121= ?

A. 11 C. -11,-11
B.-11 D. 11,-11

7. It is important that in factoring you set first the equation in

.
A. factored form C. substituting the given
B. standard form D. all of the above

B. Solve for the roots of the following equations by :

Factoring Extracting the Square
10.x2 - 8x +20 Roots
=13 8. 5x2- 50 = 75
11.x ( x-8 ) =- 9. (2x-6)2 - 144 =0
15

Completing the 12. x2 +8x -8 =0

Square
13. 4 x2 + 5x -8 Quadratic Formula
=0 14. 3 m2 + 7m =2
15. 6r2 + 13r =-6
Use the situation below to answer the questions that follow.

Mr. Dantes would like to construct a new house with a floor area of
72m2.
He asked an architect to prepare a floor plan that shows the
following :

a. 2 bedrooms d. comfort
room b. Living room e.
kitchen
c. Dining room f. Laundry area

1. Suppose you were the architect asked by Mr. Dantes to prepare

a floor plan. How will you do it ? Draw the floor plan .

2. Formulate as many quadratic equations using the floor plan that

you prepared . Solve the equations using the quadratic formula.

Yes , I did it! What

a great
experience!
Mathematics Grade 9 Learner’ Materials First Edition , p.63

Tizon, Lydia and Ulpina , Jisela Naz, JO-ES Publishing House , Math
Builders
2007, Valenzuela City , pp. 70-96

Math-Only-Math.2010-2020.http://www.math-only-
math.com/solving quadratic-equations.html

Purple Math. Solving Quadratic Equations by taking Square Roots.

2020 http://www.Purplemath.com/modules/solvquad2.html

Great Job!
Excellent