Anatomi tulang

extremitas superior
dr. Dhanti Erma, SpRad
Bones of Upper Extremity

• Appendicular Skeleton
• Pectoral Girdle = scapula,clavicle
• Upperlimb
• Arm: humerus
• Forearm: radius, ulna
• Interosseus membrane
• Hand: carpals, metacarpals,
phalanges
• Review Bones + Landmarks
studied in Lab!!
What are the Five main functions of the
human skeleton

1. Protect the vital organs as brain

2. Give us shape

3. Allow us to move because our muscles

are attached to our bones

4. Storage of nutrients such as calcium.

5. Formation of blood cells.

3
Bones of the Shoulder Girdle

4
Shoulder Girdle
Shoulder Girdle

• It also includes
• Sternoclavicular joint
• Acromicoclaviulcar joint
• Glenohumeral joint
• Scapulothoracic articulation
Shoulder Girdle Joints

• Glenohumeral joint- joint where the humerus fits into the glenoid fossa of
the scapula.
Shoulder Girdle Ligaments

• Scapulothoracic joint- joint where the scapula slides over the thorax or rib
cage.
Scapula Landmarks

• Go to the skeleton, there are numbers on each one, using your book
write the number and the landmark’s name.
• You are going to do this in lab groups so get your lab binder for this
activity.
Scapula Landmarks

• Axillary border- lateral side between glenoid fossa and inferior angle.
Scapula Landmarks

• Vertebral border- between superior and inferior angles medially.

Where the rhomboid and serratus anterior muscles attach.
Scapula Landmarks

• Spine of the scapula

• Projection on posterior surface running from medial border to the acromion
process.
Scapula Landmarks

• Glenoid fossa- slightly concave surface that articulates with humerus.

Scapula Landmarks

• Acromion process-broad flat area on superior lateral aspect.

Scapula Landmarks

• Coracoid process-Projection on anterior surface of scapula. (e)

Scapula landmarks

• Inferior and Superior Angle- superior medial and inferior point of the
scapula.
Shoulder Girdle Bones

• Clavicle-S shaped bone that connects upper extremity to the axial

skeleton.
Bones of the Upper Limb

 The arm is
formed by a
single bone
 Humerus

18
Bones of the Upper Limb

• The forearm has

two bones
• Ulna
• Radius

19
Bones of the Upper Limb

 The hand
 Carpals – wrist
 Metacarpals –
palm
 Phalanges –
fingers

20
Joints of Upper Extremity
• Sternoclavicular
• Synovial-saddle
• Diarthrosis
• Acromioclavicular
• Synovial-plane
• Diarthrosis
• Glenohumeral joint
• Synovial-ball&socket
• Diarthrosis
• Many ligaments
• Muscle reinforcement
• Great Mobility
Joints of the Upper Extremity

• Elbow Joint
• Synovial – hinge
• Diarthrosis
• Articulations
• Humerus & Ulna
• Humerus & Radius
• Many Ligaments
Joints of Upper Extremity

• Proximal Radioulnar joint

• Synovial - pivot
• Diarthrosis
• Distal Radioulnar joint
• Synovial – pivot
• Diarthrosis
• Allows pronation and
supination of forearm
Joints of the • Radiocarpal joint
Upper Extremity • Synovial-condyloid
• Distal radius with proximal
row of carpals
• Intercarpal joints
• Synovial-plane
• Carpal-metacarpal (2-5)
• Synovial-plane
• Trapezium-metacarpal 1
• Synovial-saddle
• Metacarpal-phalangeal
• Synovial-condyloid
• Interphalangeal
• Synovial-hinge
• ALL DIARTHROSES