NAME: MARIA ANGELIKA AGARPAO

STUDENT ID No.: 2020-H-01166

SECTION: MALINIS
SUBJECT: ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
DATE OF SUBMISION: December 4, 2020
TEACHER: MR. ELIZALDE ARRIETA

1. Advantages of Planning (100 words)

Without a plan, managers are set up to encounter errors, waste, and delays. A plan,
on the other hand, helps a manager organize resources and activities efficiently and
effectively to achieve goals. There are numerous advantages of planning and these
are some of those. First, it gives an organization a sense of direction. Without plans
and goals, organizations merely react to daily occurrences without considering
what will happen in the long run. Second, it focuses attention on objectives and
results. Plans keep the people who carry them out focused on the anticipated
results. In addition, keeping sight of the goal also motivates employees. Lastly, it
establishes a basis for teamwork. Diverse groups cannot effectively cooperate in
joint projects without an integrated plan. Examples are plumbers, carpenters, and
electricians cannot build a house without blueprints. In addition, military activities
require the coordination of Army, Navy, and Air Force units.
2. Disadvantages of Planning (100 words)
Planning aims at forecasting and providing a means for examining the future and
drawing up a plan of action. The very purpose of planning is to develop creative
and innovative policies to guide company’s activities in the marketplace that’s why
it is not an easy task. There are many obstacles in the path leading to successful
planning. The first disadvantage is Planning takes time and sometimes, it may cause
delay in taking decisions. A manager may be bogged down by procedures, rules,
etc., when quick decision is essential. Another major limitation of planning is that
there are various alternatives to combat certain problems. Every alternative has its
own merits and limitations. Every alternative presents different results also. In this
way, diversity of alternatives causes many difficulties in the way of formulating
planning. Lastly, Machinery of planning cannot be free from bias. Forecasting
methods, statistical data supplied, etc., are all inaccurate and the results of
operation research cannot be applied to all cases that come under planning.

3. Benefits of Planning (100 words)

In today’s chaotic environment, planning more than a few months in advance may
seem futile. Progress, however, is rarely made through random activity. Planning
does provide benefits that facilitate progress even when faced with uncertainty and
a constantly changing environment. Some of the benefits are first, Planning
provides a guide for action. Plans can direct everyone’s actions toward desired
outcomes. When actions are coordinated and focused on specific outcomes they
are much more effective. Next, Planning improves resource utilization. Resources
are always scarce in organizations, and managers need to make sure the resources
they have are used effectively. Planning helps managers determine where
resources are most needed so they can be allocated where they will provide the
most benefit. Finally, Plans provide motivation and commitment. People are not
motivated when they do not have clear goals and do not know what is expected of
them. Planning reduces uncertainty and indicates what everyone is expected to
accomplish. People are more likely to work toward a goal they know and
understand.
4. Problems in Planning (100 words)
While most entrepreneurs and small-business owners recognize the need for a
business plan, they may face challenges with the plan preparation process and here
are some of those. First is having a Dynamic and Complex Environments. Perhaps
the most important barrier to effective planning is the nature of an organization’s
environment. When, for instance, an electronics firm develops a long-range plan,
it tries to consider how much technological innovation is likely to occur during the
time period of planning. The second barrier to effective planning is the reluctance
on the part of some managers to establish goals for themselves and their units of
responsibili-ties. The main reason for this reluctance is lack of confidence or fear or
failure. If a manager sets an extremely specific ‘concise and time-related goals’,
then whether he/she attains it will become clear. Lastly, having resistance to
change. This is the third major barrier to the planning process. Any type of
organizational planning involves changing one or two aspects of its current
situation. Managers resist change for three main reasons, fear of the unknown, a
preference for familiar goals and plans, and economic insecurity.