POPOLATION FORCASTING VALUES unit

𝑃_𝐹=𝑃_𝑖 ( 〖 1+𝑋/100) 〗 ^𝑛

𝑃_(𝑖=) 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 60000

X=growth rate 1.1
number of future year 30
(1+X/100) 1.011
〖 (1+𝑋) 〗 ^30 1.3884641402
p 83307.848413 person
total population 83308 person
per capita water consumption 150 LPCD
total water consumption 12496.2 m3/day
total water consumption 12496 m3/day
avg wastewater flow = 85% of avg water cosump 10621.6 m3/day
peak factor 2
peak flow 21243.2
peak flow 21243 m3/day
0.2458680556 m3/sec

screen design
Design flow 21243 m3/day

width of bar 10 mm
space between bars 20 mm
let screen angle 45 degree
inlet diameter
d=√(4𝑄/π𝑉) 0.5596496351 m
velocity through the racks (as per cpheeo) 1 m/sec
assume depth of flow 2m
total width of bar rack (clear width of bars + width of
bars+width of angle frame on both side)
0.696 m
provide seperation wall with thickness 0.30m
total width of two screen channel(2x0.697) 1.392 m
n
clear area required= (𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤)/𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
0.2458680556 m2
clear width =𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎/(𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤)
0.246 m
total spaces for screen 12.3
No of bars = number of spaces-1 11.3
No of bars 15
assume 2 angle iron frame(150x150x25)
width of bar rack on both side(2 x 0.15) 0.3 m
width of bars 0.15

vertical length (assumed) 2m

Length of screen channel at upstrem of screen (1.5 0.369 m
X width of screen) assumed
Length of screen channe at downstrem of screen 0.4605 m
(1.5 x width of screen)
Length occupied by screen inclinatioin (vertical
length/tan45)
2m
Total length of screen channel (upstream length
+downstream length +length due to inclination
2.8295 m
Total length of screen channel 3m
freeboard 0.5 m
((𝑉^2−𝑣^2))/2𝑔
=1/𝐶 𝑋
head loss in the screen
0.190008 m
co-efficient of discharge, C 0.7
velocity of screen (V=Q/A) 0 m/sec
velocity of screen V 1.9 m/sec
size of screen chamber-3.0 m (L) X0.246 m (w) x 2M LD + 0.5 m FB

DESIGN OF GRIT CHAMBER

based on peak flow
design flow = 0.245 m3/sec
velocity of flow ( CPHEEO MANUAL) assumed 0.3 m/sec
Area (Q/V) 0.8166666667 m2
area required (A) 0.817 m2
W = 2 D assumed , 𝐷= √(𝐴/2)
0.6391400473 m
D 0.64 m
freeboard (provided) 0.5 m
total depth(D) (D+ free board) 1.14 m 1.5 m round values
W= 2 D 1.28 m 2 m round values
Depth x width 1.14 X 1.28
SETTLING VELOCITY
particle size (assumed) 0.0002 m
specific gravity 2.65
g 9.8
kinematic viscosity v at 20 C 1.004E-06 m/sec
〖 𝑆𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑉〗 _𝑆= (𝑔 𝑑^2 (𝑆_𝑠−1))/(18 𝑉)

0.0357901726 m/sec
(Ss-1) 1.65
d^2(diameter) particle size 4E-08

Time =depth/ settling velocity 55.881261596

Time 18 sec
Length = velocity x time 5.4 meter
horizontal velocity 0.3 m/sec
for length add 20% factor of safety 1.2
TOTAL LENGTH 6.48 meter

HYDRAULIC SLOPE OF GRIT CHAMBER

𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑉= (1 )/𝑛 𝑅^(2/3)
𝑆^(1/2)
R (hydaulic depth = area/wetted perimeter) 0.4257115061 meter
wetted perimeter = width +2 x depth of flow 1.9191400473 meter
R^2/3 0.5642964398
manning constant (n) 0.013 meter
v 0.3 m/sec
S^1/2 0.006911261
S 0.0831339945 meter
drop in grit chamber 0.5387082843 meter

PRIMARY SEDIMENTATION TANK

Design flow 21243 m3/day
Design overflow rate of primary settling as per
CPHEEO 50-60 m3/m2/day
design of over flow rate 55 m3/m2/day
consider clarifier depth (as per CPHEEO manual ) 4 meter
Area required (Q/OVER FLOW RATE) 386.23636364 m2
Volume of clarifier (area x depth) 1544.9454545 m3
hydraulic retention time(HRT) 3 hours
d=√(4𝐴/π)
22.181542899 meter
provided tank size (22 m dia x 4 m )
DESIGN OF BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT SYSTEM
DESIGN OF ACTIVATE SLUDGE PROCESS
lets consider BOD influent (So) 250 mg/lit
BOD effluent (S) 20 mg/lit
MLSS 2000 mg/lit
sludge retention time (SRT) 7 days
efficiency of BOD removal 96%
Design of ASP includes following steps
1. SIZE OF AERATION TANK

𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 𝑏𝑦 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑓 𝑒𝑑𝑑𝑦)

1954.356 KgTSS/day
𝑃_(𝑋=(𝑌𝑄 (𝑆𝑜−𝑆))/1000 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
Px =total solids (sludges ) wasted per day,
Y=Yield taken by litreature 0.4 gTSS/g BOD
v=𝑃_(𝑋 .𝑆𝑅𝑇)/𝑀𝐿𝑆𝑆
6840.246 m3
required depth of aeration tank (d) 3.5 m
area =(v/d) 1954.356 sq.m
take square tank 44 x44 m

2.OXYGEN REQUIREMENT
oxygen required=Q(So-S)-1.42Px
2110.70448 kgO2/day
87.94602 kgO2/hr
factor of safety under actual field condition 2
therefore O2 required 175.89204 kgO2/hr

3.POWER REQUIREMENT
oxygen transfer rate of surface aerator
0.7-1.5 KgO2/KW.hr
adopt 1.5 KgO2/KW.hr
power requirement(O2 required/O2 transfer rate) 117.26136 KW
normally number of aerator is finalized in consulting with the manufacturer
lets us use surface aerator 8 nos
power of one aerator 14.65767 kw

4.FLOW RATE OF SLUDGE WASTED (Qw) per day

solid wasted = Qw x concentration of solid in
secondary sludge
solid wasted 1954 kgTSS/day
concentration of solid in secondary sludge
reference (metcalf eddy)
4000-12000 mg/lit
adopt concentration 8000 mg/lit
𝑄_(𝑤=(𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑 𝑤𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑑)/(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑑𝑔𝑒))
0.1839647511 244.25 m3/day

5.EFFLUENT CONCENTRATION (BOD)

BOD removal efficiency in ASP 96%
effluent concentration (0.04 x 250 ) 10 mg/lit
 6. SLUDGE RECIRCULATION RATE
𝑄_𝑟/𝑄=𝑋/(𝑋_(𝑟−) 𝑋)

Q is design flow rate 21243 m3/day

x is MLSS 2000 mg/lit
Xr is concentration of solid 8000 mg/lit
Qr 7081 m3/day
Qr 295.04166667 m3/hr

7.SLUDGE PUMP CAPACITY

Sludge pump capacity (Adopted) 100 m3/hr
sludge wasted per day Qw 245 m3/day
sludge wasted for one day 10.208333333 m3/hr
therefore sludge wasted 10 hour in one day (in different time interval over day )
while rest of time pump will recirculate sludge in aeration tank
one pump is used to waste and recirculte sludge .and value are used for control

8. CHECKING OF SECONDARY PARAMETER

F:M ratio = (𝑄 𝑋 𝐵𝑂𝐷)/(𝑉 𝑋 𝑀𝐿𝑆𝑆)
0.3881987578
F:M ratio should be between 0.25 to 0.50 0.38 okk

DESIGN OF SECONDARY CLARIFIER

Secondary clarifier designed based on
1.Surface overflow rate
2.solid loading

1 SOR (cpheeo manual) 25-35 m/day

adopt SOR 20 m/day
secondary clarifier area = Q/SOR
1062.15 sq.m
diameter of tank d = √((4 𝐴)/𝜋)

20.758371229 meter
2 SOLID LOADING ( cpheeo manual) 25-120 kg MLSS/m2
solid loading = ((𝑄+𝑄_𝑅 ).𝑀𝐿𝑆𝑆)/𝐴
48 kg MLSS/m2
Qr=(0.2 x Q) 4248.6 m3/day
e equation here."
m round values
m round values
"Type equation here."
 UASB treatment process design

flowrate 21243 m3/day

1.REACTOR VOLUME
𝑉_(𝑛 = (𝑄𝑆_𝑂)/(𝐿_𝑜𝑟𝑔 ) )

2124.3 m3
a. Vn - nominal liquid volume of reactor
Q-influent flowrate 21243 m3/day
So-influent COD 1 kg s COD/m3
Lorg organic loading rate 10 kg sCOD/m3.day

total liquid volume of reactor

𝑉_(𝐿= 〖 𝑉〗 _𝑛/( 𝐸))
b. 2655.375 m3
E-effectiveness factor 0.8

2.REACTOR DIMENSION
a. cross sectional area (A= Q/V) 590.0833 m2
select the velocity 1.5 m/h
diameter D = √((4 𝐴)/𝜋)
27.41712 meter
reactor liquid height 𝐻_𝐿=𝑉_𝐿/𝐴
b. 4.5 meter
 total height of the reactor
HT = HL + HG
c. 7.5 meter
reactor height to accommodate gas and
storage HG 3 meter
d. Reactor dimensions
Height 7.5 meter
diameter 28 meter

hydraulic retention time

t = 〖 𝑉〗 _𝐿/𝑄
3 3 hr

4 Total sludge production

NVSS in BOD removal = yield co-efficient
a x BOD x efficiency 21.25 mg/lit
BOD 250 mg/lit
yield co-efficient 0.1
efficiency 85 % 0.85
Non biodegrable residue = VSS x (1-
degradable fraction)
b 162 mg/lit
Let VSS 270 mg/lit
degradable fraction 0.4
c Ash produced in inflow =(TSS-VSS) 130 mg/lit
Consider TSS 400 mg/lit
sludge production = a + b + c 313.25 mg/lit
0.31325 kg/m3
total sludge produced = Q x (a+b+c) 6654.37 kg/day

Assumption
SRT at given temprature 30 days
average concentration of sludge in
blanket (by litreature)
60 kg/m3
full depth of reactor for treating low BOD
municipal sewage range 4.5-5 m
adopt 4.8 m

COD REMOVAL AND METHANE GAS

PRODUCTION
Total COD removed=80% of incoming
load
a 7647.48 kg/day
COD 450 mg/lit
b Sulphate removal 1529.496 kg/day
Sulphate removal 90 mg/lit
 COD available for methane gas gas
production (a-b)
c 6117.984 kg/day
Theortically, methane gas produced at L/KgCOD removed
d 25 deg centigrade 300
total methane gas produce per
day=(cXd)
e 1835.395 m3/day
practically observed methane gas
f leaving as dissolved in effluent 0.028 m3/day
g methane gas leaving (f x Q) 594.804 m3/day
h usable methane (e-g) 1240.591 m3/day
=(h/a) 0.162222 m3/kg.COD
theortically 1m3 bio-gas with 75 %
methane produce 1.4 kwh electricity

electricity generate by 1240.59 m3 bio

gas per day = 1.4 X h
1736.828 kwh
S.NO
a population 83308
b sludge content 0.08 kg
dry sludge content (a x b ) 6664.64 kg/day
for 94% moisture content 100 kg of wet sludge
produce 6 kg of dry sludge

6 kg of dry sludge produce wet sludge 100 kg

6664 kg of dry sludge produce wet sludge 111077.333 kg
111.077333 ton/day
𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑑𝑔𝑒)/(𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑑𝑔𝑒)
volume of wet sludge =(𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓
108.899346 m3/day
density of sludge = specific gravity x density of
water
1.02 ton/m3
specific gravity of wet sludge 1.02
density of water 1 ton/m3
108 m3 of fresh sewege is added to the tank daily to fill the 3.5 % of the
digester capacity
capacity of digestor = volume x 100/3.5
10889.9346 cu.m
provide 30 % more 14156.915 cu.m
assume 6 m depth of cylingrical digestion tank

area of tank (volume/d) 2359.48584 m2

dia of tank = √(4𝐴/𝜋)
54.8243964 m
provide a cylindrical tank 6 meter deep and 29.30 meter in dia with
additional hopper bottom of 1:1 slope for collection of digestion sudge

AREA AND DIMENSION OF SLUDGE DRYING BEDS

Population 83308
volume 108 m3/day
thickness of layer under drained sand beds 20-30 cm
adopt 25 cm
in indian tropical conditions beds gets dried about 10 days so taking 2
weeks average drying time we use (52/2) 26 times in year
Area of bed ( volume x 365 / 26 )
1516.15385 m2
total area of beds required ( 2 x A) 3032.30769 m2
using ( 15 x 20 ) m sized beds then number of
beds required 10.1076923
number of beds required 12
area of each bed 252.692308 m2
assume width of each bed 15 meter
length of each bed 16.8461538 meter
use 12 beds of size 15m x 17 m in plan
 sludge produced from primary clarifier
S.NO average quantity of sludge produced per day
description value unit
specific gravity of sludge 1.03 g/cm3
typical solids content 4.5 %
a suface overflow rate 30 m3/m2.day
b solid produced per day 150 g/m3
c flow Q 0.245 m3/sec
amount of solid produced per day per basin
=(a*b)x86400/1000
3175.2 kg/day
volume of sludge produced per day =mass/density 68.50485 m3/day

sludge produced from aeration basin

waste activated sludge Px =Yobs Q (So-S) 1954 kg/day
yobs =observed yield 0.5 g/g
Q 0.245 m3/sec
(So-S) 240 mg/lit
volume of sludge produced per day =mass/density
42.1575 m3/day
Total sludge quantity=sludge from primary
clarifier+sludge from aeration tank
5129.2 kg/day
Total volume of sludge=primary clarifier+aeration
basin
110.6624 m3/day
 GRAVITY THICKNER

a solid loading rate 30

b daily sludge production 5129
c suraface area as per SLR=(b/a) 170.96666667 m2
d adopt depth of thickner zone 1.5 m
volume of sludge blanket (cXd) 256.45 m3
SRT in thickning zone 1.5 days
e clear liquid depth(0.5-2)as per syed qasim 1m
f settling zone (1.5-2) as per syed qasim 2m
total liquid depth(d+e+f) 4.5 m
diameter = 14.757775309 M
 DESIGN CALCULATION OF DRYING BEDS
S.NO
a assume depth of sludge over drying beds 0.25 m
b total volume of sludge 110 m3/day
c surface area (b/a) 440 m2/day
d provide drying beds 5 nos
e surface area of each beds(c/d) 88 m2/day
f assume length of each bed 30 m
g width of each bed (e/f) 2.9333333333 m
actual area for one bed (f xg) 88 m2/day