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  • Homework of GIS - Annisa Pujianti L - NPM 031

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    Annisa Pj
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    The oral cavity is lined with stratified squamous epithelium that functions as a protective barrier. Mucosa protects deeper tissues from mechanical insults, pathogens, and harmful substances to maintain tissue integrity. Saliva functions to keep the mouth moist, lubricate food during chewing, begin starch digestion, act as an intrinsic mouthwash, and play a role in preventing tooth decay and taste. Saliva contains electrolytes, immunoglobulins, proteins, enzymes, mucins, and nitrogenous products. Achalasia is a swallowing disorder caused by loss of function in the lower esophageal sphincter due to damaged nerves in the esophagus. Over time, the esophagus becomes paralyzed and dil

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    The oral cavity is lined with stratified squamous epithelium that functions as a protective barrier. Mucosa protects deeper tissues from mechanical insults, pathogens, and harmful substances to maintain tissue integrity. Saliva functions to keep the mouth moist, lubricate food during chewing, begin starch digestion, act as an intrinsic mouthwash, and play a role in preventing tooth decay and taste. Saliva contains electrolytes, immunoglobulins, proteins, enzymes, mucins, and nitrogenous products. Achalasia is a swallowing disorder caused by loss of function in the lower esophageal sphincter due to damaged nerves in the esophagus. Over time, the esophagus becomes paralyzed and dil

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    6 views2 pages

    Homework of GIS - Annisa Pujianti L - NPM 031

    Uploaded by

    Annisa Pj
    The oral cavity is lined with stratified squamous epithelium that functions as a protective barrier. Mucosa protects deeper tissues from mechanical insults, pathogens, and harmful substances to maintain tissue integrity. Saliva functions to keep the mouth moist, lubricate food during chewing, begin starch digestion, act as an intrinsic mouthwash, and play a role in preventing tooth decay and taste. Saliva contains electrolytes, immunoglobulins, proteins, enzymes, mucins, and nitrogenous products. Achalasia is a swallowing disorder caused by loss of function in the lower esophageal sphincter due to damaged nerves in the esophagus. Over time, the esophagus becomes paralyzed and dil

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    Name:

    Anni
    saPuj
    i
    ant
    iLest
    ari Dat
    e:30Agust
    us2021 Gr
    oup:
    11

    HOMEWORK
    Whydoy outhinkt
    hatoralmucosaf
    ormsanimportantprot
    ect
    ivebar
    ri
    erbet
    weenthe
    exter
    nalenv
    ironmentoftheor
    alcav
    ityandi
    nter
    nalenvi
    ronment
    softhesurr
    oundi
    ng
    ti
    ssuesexpl
    ain.

    Theoralcav i
    tyi
    sl inedwi t
    hstrat
    if
    iedsquamousepi
    thel
    ium, whi
    chmaybekerati
    nized,
    part
    ial
    lykerati
    nized, ornonker
    ati
    nizeddependi
    ngonthelocati
    on.mucosaf
    uncti
    ons
    asabar r
    iertopr otectthedeeperti
    ssuesfr
    om mechani
    calinsult
    sandtopr
    eventthe
    entr
    yofpat hogensaswel lastheexogenousharmf
    ulsubstancesinor
    dert
    omai ntai
    n
    theti
    ssueintegrityandhomeost asis.

    Whati
    sthef
    unct
    ionofsal
    i
    vaandment
    ionesal
    li
    tscont
    ent

    Funct
    ionofSal
    i
    va:
    -Keept
    hemucousmembr
    aneoft
    hemout
    hmoi
    st
    -Lebr
    icat
    est
    hef
    ooddur
    ingmast
    icat
    ion
    -Begi
    nst
    hedi
    gest
    ionofst
    arches
    -Ser
    vesasani
    ntr
    insi
    c“mout
    hwash”
    -Pl
    ayssi
    gni
    fi
    cantr
    olesi
    nthepr
    event
    ionoft
    oot
    hdecayandi
    ntheabi
    l
    ityt
    otast
    e
    Cont
    entofSal
    i
    va:
    Variet
    yofelectrol
    ytes,i
    ncl
    udingsodium,potassi
    um,cal
    cium,magnesi
    um, bi
    car
    bonat
    e,
    andphosphat es,i
    mmunogl obuli
    ns,
    pr ot
    eins,
    enzymes,mucins,
    andnit
    rogenous
    products,
    suchasur eaandammoni a. 

    Ther
    ear
    emanyassoci
    ateddi
    seaser
    elat
    edt
    otheesophagus,
    ment
    iononeoft
    hem t
    hat
    Name:
    Anni
    saPuj
    i
    ant
    iLest
    ari Dat
    e:30Agust
    us2021 Gr
    oup:
    11

    i
    sfami
    li
    art
    oyou,
    andwhyt
    hathappenedr
    egar
    dingt
    oabnor
    mal
    i
    tyi
    nit
    shi
    stol
    ogi
    cal
    f
    orm.

    Achalasi
    aisaswall
    owingdisordercausedbylossoffuncti
    onintheloweresophageal
    sphi
    ncter(t
    hemuscularr
    ingatt hej
    unctionoftheesophagusandthestomach).
    Achalasi
    aoccurswhennervesintheesophagusbecomedamaged.Asar esul
    t,t
    he
    esophagusbecomesparalyzedanddilat
    edov ert
    imeandev ent
    uall
    ylosestheabil
    it
    yto
    squeezefooddownintothestomach

    Expl
    ainaboutt
    her
    enewalofsur
    faceepi
    thel
    i
    alofst
    omach

    Thest omachepithel
    ium i sahazar dousenv i
    ronmentt hatcur t
    ail
    sthel i
    fespanof
    constit
    uentcell
    s,imposingar equir
    ementf orcont i
    nuousrenewal ofepi thel
    ium.St ems
    cell
    sinourgutar e,t
    hus, essent i
    alforepitheli
    al r
    egenerati
    onanddamager epairowi ng
    totheirabi
    li
    tyforsel
    f-renewal, hi
    ghpr oli
    ferationcapacityandpot enti
    al f
    ormul ti
    ple
    diff
    erenti
    ati
    on.Gastri
    cst em cel l
    s,agroupofadul tstem cell
    sr esi
    dingint hest omach,
    playakeyr ol
    einmai ntainingthedy namichomeost asi
    soft hegastricepi t
    helium.Mor e
    i
    mpor tantl
    y,gi
    ventheirabi l
    it
    yofdi r
    ectional diff
    erenti
    ati
    on,tissue-
    residentst em cell
    s
    areresponsibl
    efortissuehomeost asis,injuryrepair
    ,andev encancerdev elopment .

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