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nino gordelaZe TinaTin kuxianiZe

qarTuli ena
gramatika da marTlwera

Teo bi mesameklaselTaT
ria da savarjiSoe vi s
sarCevi

qarTuli anbani da asoTa saxelebi .............................................................. 4


aso da bgera ........................................................................................................ 5
sityva da winadadeba........................................................................................ 6
sityvis marcvali.............................................................................................. 8
sityvis gadatana ............................................................................................... 9
zmna da arsebiTi saxeli ................................................................................ 10
sulieri da usulo arsebiTi saxelebi ..................................................... 12
vin? Tu ra?........................................................................................................ 14
mxolobiTi da mravlobiTi .......................................................................... 16
gasuliereba ..................................................................................................... 18
arsebiTi saxeli da ricxviTi saxeli ....................................................... 20
arsebiTi saxelis bruneba ............................................................................ 22
arsebiTi saxelis kumSva ............................................................................... 24
arsebiTi saxelis kveca ................................................................................. 26
bevri Tu cota? ............................................................................................... 28
erTmaneTis monacvle zmnebi....................................................................... 30
zedsarTavi saxeli ......................................................................................... 32
nacvalsaxeli ................................................................................................... 34
nacvalsaxeli mravlobiT ricxvSi ............................................................ 36
zmna da dro ...................................................................................................... 38
momavali dro ................................................................................................... 40
Tavaziani saubari ........................................................................................... 42
pirveli piri da meore piri (me da Sen) ..................................................... 44
zmna da aso `h~ ................................................................................................. 45
TxrobiTi, kiTxviTi da brZanebiTi winadadebebi ................................. 46
CamoTvla ........................................................................................................... 47
wertili, orwertili, sami wertili ......................................................... 48
saxeliT mimarTva ........................................................................................... 49
brWyalebi ......................................................................................................... 51
qarTuli anbani da asoTa saxelebi

aani m mani R Rani

bbani n nari y
yari

ggani o oni S
Sini

d doni p pari C
Cini

eeni J Jani c cani

vvini r rae Z
Zili

z zeni s sani w
wili

T Tani t tari W
Wari

iini u uni x
xani

kkani f fari j jani

l lasi q qani h
hae

savarjiSoebi
• sul ramdeni asoa Cvens anbanSi?
• lasi meramdenea qarTul anbanSi? me-
• Cawere qarTuli anbanis meoTxe asos saxeli
• ra ewodeba Cveni anbanis ukanasknel asos?
• romeli asos saxeli hqvia adamiansac?
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aso da bgera

gaixsene: bgera orgvaria: xmovani da Tan­


a xmovani.
qarTul enaSi xuTi xmovania:

a, e, i, o, u
asos vwerT da vxedavT.
yvela sxva bgeras ki Tanxmovani hqvia.

xmovani sityvas aYJRerebs, axmovanebs.


a
daakvirdi: f nj – funji
lb m – albomi
bgeras warmovTqvamT mx tv r – mxatvari
da gavigonebT.

savarjiSoebi

1. Cawere gamotovebuli xmovnebi:

ufl _swuli gm _ri karisk _ ci

mzeT _naxavi ded _fali jad _qari

x _lmwife feri _ saxelmwif _

2. gamoicani da Cawere gamotovebuli Tanxmovnebi:

a. sa_lis pat_onma aiRo doqi_ Rvino da ga_eT gamoswia.


b. xe_xi sjo_ia Ro_esa, Tu ka_i moi_onebsa.

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sityva da winadadeba

sityvebia:
mindori, feradi, yvavilebi, amosvla.

winadadebaa:
mindorSi feradi yvavilebi amovida.

CamoTvlili sityvebi erTmaneTs daukavSirda da winadadeba


Seiqmna. sityvebiT rom azri gadmovceT, winadadebas vadgenT.

erT patara ambavs ori winadadebiT mogiTxrob:

zaza Tavisi megobris dabadebis dReze wavida.


man saCuqrad albomi SearCia.

daimaxsovre: TxrobiTi winadadebis bolos


wertili unda dasva!

savarjiSoebi

1. moniSne mxolod winadadebebi:


sul
did mindorSi kurdReli da ku Sexvdnen erTmaneTs. 4

glexebs qalaqSi xili mihqondaT gasayidad.

wavidnen samiveni sanadirod.

TamaSi, kargi megobari, mosvla.

daTvi, mela da mgeli, megobroba.

ezoSi diasaxlisi seirnobda patara gogonasTan erTad.

yuradReba da pativiscema.
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2. sityvebi ise daalage, rom winadadeba gamovides:

• Seedreba, tyes, zafxulobiT, araferi.

• Citebi, da, mavnebel, Wiebsa, matlebs, Wamen.

3. Seadgine winadadeba, romelSic eqvsi sityva iqneba:

4. mocemul teqstSi sami winadadebis bolos wertili ar aris


dasmuli. moZebne aseTi adgilebi da dasvi wertili:

glexebs soflidan qalaqSi xili mihqondaT gasayidad gzaze erTi


didebulis ezoSi ucnauri frinveli dainaxes. misi msgavsi jer maT
Tvalebs araferi enaxa es frinveli farSavangi iyo farSavangi xan
bavSviviT gahkioda, xan Tavis bolos maraosaviT gaSlida, maRla
aswevda da mzis sxivebze nairferad aWreldeboda.

5. aRwere dRevandeli amindi ramdenime winadadebiT:

ramdeni winadadeba gamoiyene?

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sityvis marcvali

sityvaSi ramdeni xmovanicaa, imdenive daakvirdi:


marcvalia. daakvirdi damarcvlil sit- mamali ma – ma – li
yvebs. yivili yi – vi – li
niskarti nis – kar – ti
rogor unda davmarcvloT sityva, Tu
masSi Tanxmovnebi erTmaneTis gverdiTaa?

roca sityvaSi Tanxmovnebi gverdi-


gverdaa, pirveli Tanxmovani wina marcvals
ekuTvnis, danarCeni – momdevnos.

sityvis sworad damarcvla dagexmareba


striqonidan striqonze sityvis sworad
gadatanaSi.

savarjiSoebi

1. sworad damarcvle sityvebi. Cawere, ramdeni marcvalia TiToeulSi:

msxali, CanTa, rveuli, megobari, maswavlebeli, mSobeli, qal-


RmerTi, ganaTlebuli

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sityvis gadatana

zogjer sityvas striqonis bolos


iyo da ara iyo ra. iyo er-
adgili aRar hyofnis. am dros da-
Ti msunagi mela. erTxel me-
marcvlis wess viyenebT da sityvis
la xesTan mivida da Cituni-
nawili axal xazze gadagvaqvs. amaSi ki
as SesZaxa...
gadatanis niSani gvexmareba:

leqsi rom moTxrobas ar daemsgavsos, ga-


ar kakaneben kakbebi,
datanis sxva wess icaven. leqsis striqons
melac Tvlems didi xa-
gadatanili nawili marjvniv unda mieweros.
nia,
ukanaskneli sakvebi
soroSi Seutania.
daimaxsovre: erTi asos dato-
veba an gadatana miuRebelia.

savarjiSoebi
1. romelime moTxrobidan gadmoiwere pirveli abzaci.

sityvebi sworad gadaitane? Seamowme Seni megobris namuSevaric.

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zmna da arsebiTi saxeli

zogi sityva moqmedebas gamoxatavs. sityvebs, romlebic moqme-


debas gamoxatavs, zmna ewodeba.
yuradRebiT waikiTxe es patara ambavi:
sorodan gamocunculda patara wruwuna. ezoSi
gaZvra-gamoZvra, magram cota xanSi gulgaxeTqili
isev soroSi Sevarda.

rogor fiqrob, am winadadebebs rom zmnebi amovakloT,


ra moxdeba? ambavs gavigebT?

daakvirdi:
sorodan patara wruwuna. ezoSi ,
magram cota xanSi gulgaxeTqili isev soroSi .

soro, wruwuna da ezo arsebiTi saxelebia.


zmna arsebiTi saxelis moqmedebas an mdgomareobas gamoxatavs.

savarjiSoebi

1. ipove zmnebi nawyvetebSi da qveS xazi gausvi. daixmare SekiTxva


`ra qna?~

`gorakisken mimavalma Cvenma kurdRelma axla buCqi dainaxa.


sul
wamogorda buCqis qveS da daRlils male CaeZina.~ 3

`xelmwife sanatreli vaJiSvilis SeZenam gaaxara. mefis brZenma


sul
vezirma daloca ufliswuli da WianWvelas Zala usurva.~ 3

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2. ipove sami arsebiTi saxeli da gausvi qveS xazi (daixmare
kiTxvebi: vin? ra?).

`WriWina zamTrobiT mindorSi veRar binadrobs, mxolod sax-


lebSi SeuZlia cxovreba. fqvili da puris namcecebi misi sazrdoa.
diasaxlisi xSirad buxris gverdiT ipovis xolme am mweris binas.~

3. sityvebi gaanawile qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi:

• movida, guguli, dajda, dgas, cxoveli, amovarda, qari,


stumari

arsebiTi saxeli zmna

4. cal­calke Camowere oTxi zmna da oTxi arsebiTi saxeli: kakabi,


frinveli, kakanebs, dafrinavs, bude, budobs, uTvalTvalebs,
Tvali.
zmnebi: arsebiTi saxelebi:

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sulieri da usulo
arsebiTi saxelebi

biWma qva isrola. gogonam gvirila mowyvita.

biWi da gogona sulieri arsebiTi saxelebia.


maT moqmedeba SeuZliaT!
qva da gvirila usulo arsebiTi saxelebia.
maT TavisiT moqmedeba ar SeuZliaT!

savarjiSoebi

1. qvemoT mocemul arsebiT saxelebs miuwere, sulieria Tu usulo:

• xomaldi • kunZuli

• kapitani • mekobre

• TuTiyuSi • dedofali

• faraoni • sasaxle

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2. amoiwere nawyvetidan 6 usulo arsebiTi saxeli:

`Zalian didi xnis winaT spiloebs xorTumi ar gaaCndaT; maT mxolod


erTi Cveulebrivi, odnav amoburculi cxviri hqondaT...
... es patara spilo metismetad cnobismoyvare iyo; yvelaferi ainte-
resebda: ratom aqvs biZia Jirafs laqebiani tyavi? an ratom ezrdeba
deida siraqlemas kudze bumbuli swored amnairad? an kidev: ratom
aqvs deida hipopotams wiTeli Tvalebi?..
ra? (pirveli asoebi ukve Cawerilia):

x k
c b
t T

3. xazi gausvi sulier arsebiT saxelebs:

`... erTic vnaxoT, mofrinda kaWkaWi, daajda virs zed zurgze da kortna
dauwyo. radgan viri dabmuli iyo, veRar gaeqca mavnebel frinvels da
mis mosagerieblad tlinkebis ayra daiwyo. ramdenjerac viri tlinkebs
ayrida, imdenjer kaci siciliT kvdeboda.
Turme tyidan erTi mgeli uyurebda am sanaxaobas...~

4. aRwere saklaso oTaxi ise, rom sami sulieri saxeli gamoiyeno:

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