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Electrical Circuit Analysis II

CPE222
Lab #3

Name Aitazaz Ahmad Qureshi

Registration Number CIIT/FA19-BCE-050/ISB

Class BCE-3A

Instructor’s Name Dr. Abrar Ahmad

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Lab # 03 Phasor Analysis

Pre Lab:

Task-1:

(1khz Frequency)

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(5 khz Frequency)

TABLE:

PRE-LAB TASK#1

Frequency |Vc| |Ic| Θvc Θic θvc – θic

rad/s rad/s rad/s
1khz 2.93V 40.49mA 4.806 4.302 0.504
5khz 1.17V 49.227mA 14.95 14.45 0.5

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Task-2:

(1khz Frequency)

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(5khz Frequency)

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TABLE:

PRE-LAB TASK#2

Frequency |VL| |lL| θvL θiL ΘVL – θIL

1khz 4.094V 332.8mA 4.298 4.804 -0.506
5khz 4.926V 117.11mA 14.4 14.95 -0.55

In Lab:

Task-1:

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INDUCTOR:

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With Sinusoidal Signal of 10khz Frequency:

(CAPACITOR)

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(INDUCTOR)

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Task-2:

(1khz Frequency)

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(500hz Frequency)

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(2000hz Frequency)

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Task-3:

(200 Hz Frequency)

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(2000 Hz Frequency)

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Post Lab:

(Answers)

Question#1:
In DC circuit the capacitor charges slowly, until the charging voltages of a capacitor voltage
is equal to the supply voltage. Also, the capacitor does not allow the current to pass through
it after it gets fully charged.
High frequency would decrease the value of the reactance offered. Hence capacitor would
behave as it is offering no resistance or just like a conductor.

Question#2:
An inductor is equivalent to a short circuit to direct current, because once the storage
phase has finished, the current that flows through it is stable. The inductor acts like an
ordinary connecting wire and its resistance is zero.
As the frequency increases the impedance of the inductor increases which means our
inductor behaves just like a capacitor under high frequency.

Question#3:
Impedance:
Impedance is an expression of the opposition that an electric component offers to an
alternating or direct electric current.
Admittance:
Admittance is the reciprocal of impedance. Admittance is defined as the ease at which a
circuit composed of resistances and reactances allows current to flow when a voltage is
applied taking into account the phase difference between the voltage and current.
Reactance:
In electric and electronic systems, reactance is the opposition of a circuit element to the
flow of current due to that element’s inductance or capacitance.

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Question#5:

Component Impedance Admittance Reactance

R R 1/R 0
L jwL -j/wL wL
C -j/wC jwC -1/wC

Question#6:

Current lead and lag in inductive and capacitive devices or circuits. In resistive devices,
there is nothing to put them out of phase, so going through the resistor does not change the
phase relationship of voltage and current.

Question#7:

In circuits with primary capacitive loads, current leads the voltage. This is true because
current must first flow to the two plates of the capacitor, where charge is stored. Only after
charge accumulates at the plates of the capacitor and a voltage difference is established.
Current leads the voltage and phase difference is <= 90 º and is negative in this case.

Question#8:

In circuits with primarily inductive loads, current lags the voltage. This happens because in
an inductive load, it is the induced electromotive force that causes the current to flow. In
this case phase difference is positive and is <= 90 º.

Question#10:

Phase difference between two cosine waves = 30 º.

Frequency = 50Hz
Time Delay = (Phase difference) / (360 * frequency)
Time Delay = (30 º) / (360 * 50)

Time Delay = 1.667msec.

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Measurement Tables:

Name(s): Aitazaz Qureshi Reg. No: CIIT/FA19-BCE-050/ISB

Task-1:

Frequency Capacitor Capacitor Inductor Inductor

Voltage Current Voltage Current
DC(0Hz) 5V 1.1*10-17A 0.000499V 0.499A

Task-2:

Frequency |Vc|THEORY <VC THEORY |Ic|THEORY <IC

Volts rad/s mA rad/s

200Hz 4.82 0.587 11.11 0.0193

500Hz 4.21 0.687 20.84 0.3001
1000Hz 2.93 4.806 40.49 4.302
1500Hz 2.72 4.857 44.98 4.35
2000Hz 1.75 4.88 46.99 4.392
5000Hz 1.17 14.95 49.227 14.45

Task-3:

Frequency |VL|THEORY <VL THEORY |IL|THEORY <IL THEORY

Volts rad/s mA rad/s

100Hz 624.9*10-3 0.138 495.19 0.548

200Hz 1.112 0.194 481.73 0.596
500Hz 2.84 2.19 411.26 2.69
1000Hz 4.03 2.3 332.8 2.8
2000Hz 4.69 12.36 169.7 12.88

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Critical Analysis:
In this lab I came to know about phasor analysis. I learned the steady state behavior of
circuits containing capacitor and inductor; and stimulated the sinusoidal wave for RC and
RL circuit. I also saw the behavior of inductors and capacitors under varying frequencies. In
the end I noted the voltage and current values for capacitors and inductors theoretically
and wrote them in the table given above.

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