In all cases, (T) – Tensile force; (C) – Compressive force

Structural Design of Roof Trusses to Eurocode 3

All structural steel employed in the design has the following
properties;
fy (Yield strength) 275N/mm2
fu (ultimate tensile strength 430N/mm2

3.1 Design of the bottom chord (considering maximum effects)

LOAD CASE 1: DEAD LOAD + IMPOSED LOAD only

Fu = γGjGk + γQkQk
Ultimate design force (NEd) = 1.35Gk + 1.5Qk #REF! tensile
LOAD CASE 2: DEAD LOAD + LIVE LOAD + WIND LOAD acting
simultaneously
Partial factor for permanent actions (DK) 1.0
Partial factor for leading variable actions (Wk) 1.5
Therefore ultimate design force in the member = Fu = γGjGk +
γWkWk = Gk + 1.5Wk. #REF! Tensile

LOAD CASE 3: DEAD LOAD + WIND LOAD acting

simultaneously
Partial factor for permanent actions (DK)
Partial factor for leading variable actions (Wk)
Therefore ultimate design force in the member = Fu = γGjGk + #REF! compressive
γWkWk = Gk + 1.5Wk.
Therefore, all bottom chord members should be able to resist
an axial tensile load of107.4045 kN and a possible reversal of
stresses with a compressive load of 116.8 kN
Length of longest bottom chord member 3000mm
Consider EQUAL ANGLES UA 50 X 50 X 6 50 6
Gross Area 5.69cm2
Radius of gyration (axis y-y) 1.51cm
Considering one M12 bolt (14mm diameter allowance) – 3.72cm2
Equivalent tension area
Equivalent tension area for welded connection 4.88cm2
NERd is lesser of Anet*Fy/gM0 and 0.9*Anet*Fu/gM2
Anet*Fy/gM0 156.475
0.9*Anet*Fu/gM2 176.1624
therefore NERd 156.475
Nsd/NtRd #REF! #REF!
Compression and Buckling resistance
thickness of section t= 6
Section classification
e=Ö(235/Fy) 0.9244
h/t = 50/6 8.3333
Referring to Table 5.2 (sheet 3) of Eurocode 3, Part 1-1, for
class 3 classification,
h/t <= 15e and (h + b)/2t <= 11.5e In our case,
15e= 13.866 ok
(h + b)/2t <= 11.5e 10.631 ok
Thus, the section satisfies both of the conditions.
Resistance of the member to uniform compression
 NcRd=Afy/gMo 156.475
Ned/NcRd #REF! #REF!

Buckling resistance of member (clause 5.5 ENV 1993-1-1:1992)

Since the member is pinned at both ends, critical buckling 3000mm

length is the same for all axis; Lcr
slenderness ratio l=Lcr/ril1
l1=93.9e 86.803
in the planar axis l–= 2.304
Buckling curve b is approperiate for all angle section
according to table 6.2 of eurocode 3
ϕ=0.5[1+a(l-0.2)+l^2] 3.512
xy=1/(ϕ+Ö(ϕ^2-l^2) 0.162
NbRd=xyAFy/gM1 25.391
Ncd/NbRd #REF! #REF!
CHECK FOR DEFLECTION
Employing UA 50 X 50 X 6 in all members of the roof truss;
the deflection due to unfactored imposed load calculated
using STAADPRO V8i software is 1.028mm
Allowable deflection for roofs (Table 4.1 ENV 1993-1-1:1992) = #REF!
L/250 =
1.028mm < 28.8mm. Therefore deflection is ok
4 Conclusion
The analysis and design for the section members have been
successfully carried as shown in the calculations above.
Whenever the wind load effect is greater than the live load
effect, one should always watch out for possible reversal of
stresses during load combinations. The design has shown that
the provision of UA 50 X 50 X 6 for the entire roof truss will
be adequate.