Discontinuity region of and strut and tie model

1. Design deep beam to support unfactored column load of 1200KN 1400KN live load from a
500*500 column. The axes of the supporting columns are 2.5m and 2.5m from the axis of the
column are also 500m figure. use 30Mpa concrete and grade 420 steel

SOLUTION

Step 1 materialquality in EN-1992-1-1

Fc’=30 Mpa fcd=(0.85*fck)/yc=(0.85*30)/1.5=17Mpa

Fy=420 Fyd=(420/1.15)=365Mpa

1. B Design loads Pd=1.35DL+1.5LL , EN 1992-1-1

Pd=(1.35*1200)+(1.5*1400)=3720KN
Therefor the reactions are Pd/2=1860KN At A and B
The dead load of the beam will be added after the size of the beam is known

Step 2 Estimate the beam size

This is to be done in to two different ways

Ved<=0.5Bw*d*fcdv or 1<=tanӨ<=2.5

But Ved=3720Kn,B=500mm

V=0.6(1-fck/250)=0.6(1-30/250)=0.528,

V’=(1-fck/250)=(1-30/250)=0.88

1860<=0.5*500*D*0.528*17

D>=(2*1860)/2244

D>=1658mm

Select the height to keep the strut from the flatten tie at angle of 1<=45 degree is selected

The minimum debth d center to center nodes is d/ax=tanӨ, but ax=2500mm,d=2500mm

Assuming that the nodes at the bottomes of struts are located at the middle ht of a tie with effective ht
of 0.1h, lower nodes 0.05h from the bottom of the beam .

Therefore, d=h-o.1h =0.9h

H=d/0.9h=2778mm

For the 1st trial we shall assume h,=2700mm,bw=500mm

The lower chord located at 0.05h=135mm

The factored weight of the beam will be DL=1.35(2.7*0.5*5.5*25)=250.6KN

Total factored load will be =Pd=3720+250.6=3970.6KN

Therefor the section at A and B =Pd/2=1985.3KN

Step 3

i. compressive node (CCC) from EN 1922-1-1

stress(max)=K1V’fcd/0.85=(1*0.88*17/0.85)=17.6MPa

ii. Nodes on CCT zone

Stress (max)=K2fcdv’/0.85=(0.85*0.88*17/0.85)=14.96Mpa
iii. Nodes on tension compressed by anchor in different direction

Stress (max)=K3fcdv’/0.85=(0.75*0.88*17/0.85)=13.2Mpa

Therefor e nodal zone A=C=14.96MPa,

Nodal zone B=17.6Mpa

STRUT
BC=AB

Strut AB this strut is a bottled shaped so we can provide reinforcements satisfying EN-1992-
1-1(sec 6.5 0)

Stress max=0.6V’fcd/0.85 ,v’=0.88

=0.6*0.88*17/0.85=10.56Mpa

Step 4=

Locate nodes – first trial nodal zone at A and C located at 0.05h=135mm above the bottom
of the beam.

Nodal zone located 0.05h =135mm below the top of the beam

Node is subdivided in to two sub nodes as shown below each assumd to transmit a factor
load 1956KN to the left and right reactions each of the sub nodes is assumed to resist load
from the vertical strut in the columns over B , both are (ccc) nodes.
The effective strength at node B= stress max=17.6mpa

For strut AB and BC stress max=10.56Mpa

Pu1=Fcu*Wb1*b=1985=17.6*Wb1*500

Wb1=225.56mm

2Wb1=451mm500mm

Fit in the 500mm square column is ok

Col 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
(1)

strut Hor. Ver. angle Ver. Hor. Axial Width of

Prj(mm Prj(mm Component(K Component(K force(kN strut(mm
) ) N) N) ) )
Vertic vertical vertica 1985 0 1985 376.6
al at A l
strut A 2387.2 2430 45.5 1985 1950 2783.03 527.1
B
Strut B 2387.2 2430 45.5 1985 1950 2783.03 527.1
C
Vertic vertica 1985 0 1985 376.0
al at C l

Column 3=tan -1(2450/2387.2=45.5

Column 6=hortzntal=vert/tanӨ etc

 Page 10

Horizontal reinforcement on both faces of beams

Ash=0.00104*200*500*sin45.5=74.17mm2(for two face of beam)

Ash(single face)= Ash/=74.17/2=37.1mm2

If we take diameter 8 bars Aφ8=50.3mm2

Then the horizontal reinforcement is dia 8 at 200 in both faces of beam

Step8 check the ht of nodes at B

Stress block=T=C

But T=12*dia 24*fyd=1982.6KN

C=10.56*wst*500,C=T=1982.6,wst=375.5mm, C at 376/2=188mm