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Class 11 >> Maths >> Principle of Mathematical Induction >> Introduction to Mathematical Induction >> Prove using P…

Question
1 1 1 1 n (n + 3)
Prove using PMI: + + + ... + =
​ ​ ​ ​ ​

1.2.3 2.3.4 3.4.5 n (n + 1) (n + 2) 4 (n + 1) (n + 2)

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1 1 1 1 n (n + 3)
P (n) : + + + ... + =
​ ​ ​ ​ ​

1.2.3 2.3.4 3.4.5 n (n + 1) (n + 2) 4 (n + 1) (n + 2)

for n = 1, we have
1 1 (1 + 3) 1.4 1
P (1) : 1.2.3 = = = , which is true
​ ​ ​ ​

4 (1 + 1) (1 + 2) 4.2.3 1.2.3
Let, P (k)be true for some positive integer k, i.e.,
1 1 1 1 k (k + 3)
P (k) : + + + ... + = .........(1)
​ ​ ​ ​ ​

1.2.3 2.3.4 3.4.5 k (k + 1) (k + 2) 4 (k + 1) (k + 2)

we shall now prove that P (k + 1)is true

consider
1 1 1 1 1
P (k + 1) : [ + + + ... + ]+
​ ​ ​ ​ ​

1.2.3 2.3.4 3.4.5 k (k + 1) (k + 2) (k + 1) (k + 2) (k + 3)

k (k + 3) 1
= + .................u sin g(1)
​ ​

4 (k + 1) (k + 2) (k + 1) (k + 2) (k + 3)
1 k (k + 3) 1
= { + }
​ ​ ​

(k + 1) (k + 2) 4 (k + 3)

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 2
{ }
1 k(k + 3) + 4
=
​ ​

(k + 1) (k + 2) 4 (k + 3)

{ }
1 k (k2 + 9 + 6k) + 4
=
​ ​

(k + 1) (k + 2) 4 (k + 3)
1 k3 + 9k + 6k2 + 4
= { }
​ ​

(k + 1) (k + 2) 4 (k + 3)
1 k3 + 2k2 + k + 4k2 + 8k + 4
= { }
​ ​

(k + 1) (k + 2) 4 (k + 3)

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1 k(k2 + 2k + 1) + 4(k2 + 2k + 1)
= { }
​ ​

(k + 1) (k + 2) 4 (k + 3)
k(k + 1)2 + 4(k + 1)2
{ }
1
=
​ ​

(k + 1) (k + 2) 4 (k + 3)
(k + 1)2 (k + 4)
=
​

4 (k + 3) (k + 1) (k + 2)
(k + 1) {(k + 1) + 3}
=
​

4 {(k + 1) + 1} {(k + 1) + 2}
T hus, P (k + 1), is true whenever P (k) is true

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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

Q1 1
p1  + 2.2 p2  + 3.3 p3  + .... + n.n pn  = n + 1 pn + 1  - 1
​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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Q2 Prove the following by using the principle of mathematical induction for all n ∈ N :
1 1 1 1 n
+ + + ...... + =
​ ​ ​ ​ ​

2.5 5.8 8.11 (3n − 1)(3n + 2) (6n + 4)

Medium View solution >

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