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MATHEMATICS
(Pre-Calculus)
QUARTER 1
Week 1_03

Capsulized Self-Learning
Empowerment Toolkit

RONIE F. FIDEL, Ph.D.

Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial Senior High School

Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City

Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

 SUBJECT &
GRADE/LEVEL PRE-CALCULUS (GRADE 11)
QUARTER FIRST WEEK 1_03 DAY ____________________________________
dd/mm/yyyy

TOPIC EQUATION OF A CIRCLE

LEARNING The learner determines the standard form of equation of a circle.
COMPETENCY (STEM_PC11AGIa-3)
IMPORTANT: Do not write anything on this material. Write your answers on the Learner’s
Activity and Assessment Sheets provided separately.

UNDERSTAND
Equation of a Circle

Introduction

EQUATION OF A CIRCLE

The Standard Form of the Equation of a Circle with Center at (𝒉, 𝒌) and radius 𝒓:
(𝒙 – 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 – 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐

The General Equation of a Circle with real numbers 𝑫, 𝑬, and 𝑮

𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝑫𝒙 + 𝑬𝒚 + 𝑮 = 𝟎

Note that in the general equation of a circle, every binomial squared has been multiplied
out and every term is on the left side, equal to 0.

EXAMPLE: 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑥 – 6𝑦 – 3 = 0

Converting from General Form to Standard of the Equation of a Circle

Form
The equation 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑥 – 6𝑦 – 3 = 0, for example, is the equation of a circle. You
can change this equation to the standard form by completing the square for each of the
variables. Just follow these steps:

STEPS ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE

STEP 1: Change the order of the terms
so that the x‘s and y‘s are grouped
together and the constant appears on the
other side of the equal sign. 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + ___ + 𝑦 2 – 6𝑦 + ___ = 3

Leave a space after the groupings for

the numbers that you need to add

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 STEP 2: Complete the square for each
variable, adding the number that creates
perfect square trinomials.
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 𝟒 + 𝑦 2 – 6𝑦 + 𝟗 = 3 + 𝟒 + 𝟗
In the case of the x‘s, you add 4 (half of 4
is 2, then square of 2 is 4), and with the
y‘s, you add 9. Don’t forget to also add 4
and 9 to the right

STEP 3: Factor each perfect square

trinomial to get the standard form of the (𝒙 + 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟏𝟔
circle.

Determine the Standard Form of Equation of the Circle

EXAMPLE 1.
Determine standard form of equation of a circle with center (3, −2) and a radius of 4

SOLUTION:
The standard form is given as
(𝒙 – 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 – 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐

By plotting the given, we can obtain

(𝑥 – 𝟑)2 + (𝑦 – (−𝟐))2 = 42

Therefore, the standard form is

(𝒙 – 𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟏𝟔

EXAMPLE 2.
Determine standard form of equation of a circle with center (−4,0) and a radius of 10

SOLUTION:
The standard form is given as
(𝒙 – 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 – 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐

By plotting the given, we can obtain

(𝑥 – (−𝟒))2 + (𝑦 – 0)2 = 52

Therefore, the standard form is

(𝒙 + 𝟒)𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓

EXAMPLE 3.
Determine the center, radius, & equation of the circle in standard form.

SOLUTION:
Based on the figure, we can see that the center is at the origin
(0, 0) and the radius r is 12.

Hence, the equation of the circle in standard form is

(𝑥 – 0)2 + (𝑦 – 0)2 = 122
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟏𝟒𝟒

NOTE If the center is at the origin, the standard form of equation of the
circle is 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐 .

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 EXAMPLE 4.
Determine the standard form of equation of the circle with center at the origin with radius 6

SOLUTION:
Since, 𝒓 = 𝟔 and the center is at the origin we will use 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
By plotting the given, we can obtain
𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟔𝟐

Therefore, the standard form is

𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟑𝟔

SAQ-1: How can you verify if the given equation is an equation of a circle?
SAQ-2: How can you determine if the center of the given equation of a circle is at the
origin or at (h, k)?

Let’s Practice! (Write your answer on the separate sheets provided.)

Directions: Determine the standard form of the equation of a circle.

1. Center (6, -2); radius is 3 4. Center (0, 0); radius is 7

2. Center (1, 7); radius is 5 5. x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 4 = 0

3. Center (4, -10); diameter 6

REMEMBER
Key Points
⚫ The standard equation of the circle when the center is anywhere in the quadrant with
radius r is
(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝒌)𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐

⚫ The standard equation of the circle when the center is at the origin with radius r is
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐

⚫ Diameter is twice the value of the radius.

⚫ Remember to always square the radius r in determining the equation of a circle in

standard form.

⚫ Steps in converting the equation of the circle from standard to general form.
o Step 1: Change the order of the terms so that the x‘s and y‘s are grouped
together and the constant appears on the other side of the equal sign.
o Step 2: Complete the square for each variable, adding the number that creates
perfect square trinomials.
o Step 3: Factor each perfect square trinomial.

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 TRY
Let’s see how much have you learned today!
Directions: Study the following assessments carefully and write your answers on the
Learner’s Assessment sheet.

Assessment 1:
DIRECTIONS: Choose the correct answer that best describe each statement, write only the
letter before each number. Write the answer on the answer sheet provided.
1. In the equation (x - 2)2 +(y - 3)2 =16, the 4. Determine the equation of the circle
center of the circle is with C(3, -5) and radius r = 7.
a. (2, 3) c. (-2, -3) a. (x – 3)2 + (y + 5)2 = 7
b. (-2, 3) d. (2, -3) b. (x – 3)2 + (y + 5)2 = 49
c. (x + 3)2 + (y – 5)2 = 49
2. Determine the equation of the circle with d. (x – 3)2 + (y – 5)2 = 7
center at the origin and radius r = 3.
a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 3 c. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 9 5. Determine the equation of the circle in
2 2 2 2 standard form.
b. 𝑥 + 𝑦 = −3 d. 𝑥 + 𝑦 = −9

3. Determine the equation of the circle with

center at the origin and radius r = 8.
a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 64 c. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = −64
b. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 8 d. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = −8

a. (x – 1)2 + (y + 3)2 = 49
b. (x + 1)2 + (y – 3)2 = 49
c. (x – 1)2 + (y – 3)2 = 7
d. (x + 1)2 + (y + 3)2 = 7

Assessment 2:
DIRECTIONS: Complete the table below.
No. Equation Center with radius
1 (x + 6)2 + (y – 2)2 = 7
2 C(3, -2); r = 4
3 (x – 4)2 + (y + 5)2 = 6
4 C(0, 0); r = 8
5 (x + 8)2 + (x + 5)2 = 5

Assessment 3:
DIRECTIONS: Determine the standard form of equation of the circle.
1. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 − 𝟒𝒚 − 𝟓 = 𝟎 2. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏 = 𝟎

Convert Equation of a Circle to the Standard Form, Dummies – A willey

Brand, last modified (nd), https://www.dummies.com/education/
math/algebra/convert-a-circle-equation-to-the-standard-form/.
REFERENCE/S
Equations of Circles, LinkedIn Slide Share, accessed July 1, 2020,
https://www.slideshare.net/lmrogers03/equations-of-circles.

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 Joy P. Ascano, et. al., Precalculus Learner’s Material, Quezon City:
Sunshine Interlinks Publishing House, Inc., 2016, 8.

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LEARNING RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TEAM

RONIE F. FIDEL, Ph.D.
WRITER
Don Pablo Lorenzo Memorial Senior High School
LAYOUT ARTIST Abdurauf J. Baldomero
LEARNING TEAM / Ronie F. Fidel, Ph. D. Mercelita M. Medallo
EVALUATORS Shirhan A. Biottong a
MANAGEMENT Dr. Roy C. Tuballa, CESO VI Dr. Mildred D. Dayao
AND SPECIALIST Dr. Oliver B. Talaoc Dr. Vilma A. Brown

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”