THERMODYNAMIC

DATA ACQUISATION

Data from YES

Property Tables PROPERTY
(eg. h, u, v, s) TABLE?

NO
h  h  h 2 1

u  u  u 2 1
PHASE?
v  v  v 2 1

s  s  s 2 1

SOLIDS GASES LIQUIDS

Specific heats YES NO Specific heats

Equation Equation
C C C IDEAL GAS? C C C
P V
Pv  RT Pv  ZRT P V

(Z from
compressibility
Enthalpy and internal Internal energy
Specific heats chart)
energy
C P  a  bT  cT 2  dT 3 u  CT
h  u  CT
and, C P  CV  R
Entropy
Entropy CdT T
Enthalpy and internal energy s  
1

 C ln 2

u   C T dT
CdT T 2
T T
s  
1 2

 C ln 2
V
1

T 2
T 1

h   C T dT
1
2

P Boundary work
Enthalpy
1

W   PdV
2

b
1 h  CT  vP
Entropy
Isentropic process, k=CP/CV T2 v
k 1 k  k 1
s  C P ln  R ln 2 Isobaric process
 T2   P2  v  T1 v1
(eg. in heaters)
       1  T2 P
 T1   P1   v2  or, s  C P ln  R ln 2 h  CT
T1 P1

Isothermal
process
Polytropic process PVn=constant Isochoric process Isobaric process Isothermal process (eg. in pumps)

P2V2  P1V1 W 0 Wb  Po (V2  V1 ) Wb  mRTo ln

V2
h  vP
Wb  , for n  1
b
V1
1 n
V Polytropic and ideal gas
 PV ln 2 , for n  1
V1 mR (T2  T1 )
Wb  , for n  1
1 n
V
 mRT ln 2 , for n  1
V1

Abdullah et al. (2013). Challenges in teaching and learning fundamentals of thermodynamics in engineering. J. of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 8(1):29-37