Homework 1st QUARTER MODULE 1: ACTIVITY 1
Ganilyn D. Ponciano. STEM 12 – A
Activity 1: Research on the internet one sample for each kind of Qualitative Research. Make sure to
write three descriptions on your observations of the parts of each type and analyses of how the kinds
differ from each other.
Kinds of Qualitative Title
Research
1. Case Study Managing School Behavior: A
Qualitative Case Study
2. Ethnography Disclosure of domestic violence
and sexual assault within the
context of abortion: meta-
ethnographic synthesis of
qualitative studies protocol.
Research in Daily Life 1
Descriptions
 The purposes of this dissertation
research were to understand the
methods by which building-level
school administrators collect office
discipline referral data, and to
understand the ways they make
decisions based on that data.
 One mid-sized suburban school
district from the Midwest was
selected for this case study
research. Eleven school building
administrators were interviewed to
provide insight into the research
questions. Participants in the study
self-selected pseudonyms to
preserve anonymity. Interviews
were conducted face to face, and
then transcribed.
 The goal in case study research is to
understand the boundaries of the
case and the complexity of the
behavior patterns of the bounded
system. By using multiple sources
of data (and both qualitative and
quantitative data) researchers may
attain the richest possible
understanding of a case.
 Ethnographic research takes a
cultural lens to the study of
people’s lives within their
communities (Hammersley and
Atkinson, 2007; Fetterman, 2010).
The roots of ethnography lie in
anthropological studies that
focused on studying social and
cultural aspects of small

3. Phenomenology A Qualitative Phenomenological
Exploration of Teachers'
Experience With Nutrition
Education
communities in foreign countries.
 This review aims to provide a
systematic synthesis of qualitative
literature to increase
understanding of the phenomena
and identify research gaps.
 A meta-ethnography of qualitative
evidence following PRISMA-P
recommendations for reporting
systematic reviews will be
performed to better understand
the experiences of domestic
violence and sexual assault
disclosure from the perspective of
frontline health personnel
providing support and women
seeking an abortion. A three-stage
search strategy including database
searching, citation searching and
Traditional Pearl Growing will be
applied starting with the terms
"domestic violence", "sexual
assault", "disclosure" and
"abortion", their common
synonyms and MeSH terms.
 Ethnographic research is a
qualitative method where
researchers observe and/or
interact with a study's participants
in their real-life environment. The
aim of an ethnographic study
within a usability project is to get
'under the skin' of a design
problem (and all its associated
issues).
 Nutrition education delivered by
classroom teachers has become a
popular intervention designed to
combat childhood obesity.
However, few qualitative studies
have explored nutrition education
with teachers.
 The purpose of this study was to
explore how elementary teachers
describe their experience with
nutrition education.
 A qualitative transcendental

4. Content and Discourse Workplace Bullying Prevention:
Analysis A Critical Discourse Analysis
phenomenological approach was
used in this study. A
phenomenology is an approach to
qualitative research that describes
the meaning of a lived experience
of a phenomenon for several
individuals, which in this case is the
experience of nutrition education.
The purpose is to describe the
commonalities of the experience.
 Discourse analysis is a blanket term
for a range of qualitative research
approaches used in analyzing the
use of language in social contexts.
 Aim To analyze the discourses of
workplace bullying prevention of
hospital nursing unit managers and
in the official documents of the
organizations where they worked.
Background Workplace bullying can
be a self-perpetuating problem in
nursing units. As such, efforts to
prevent this behavior may be more
effective than efforts to stop the
behavior. There is limited research
on how healthcare organizations
characterize their efforts to prevent
workplace bullying. Design This was
a qualitative study.
 Method Critical discourse analysis
and Faculty writings on
governmentality and discipline
were used to analyze data from
interviews with hospital nursing
unit managers (n=15) and
organizational documents (n=22).
Data were collected in 2012.
Findings The discourse of
workplace bullying prevention
centered around three themes:
prevention of workplace bullying
through managerial presence,
normalizing behaviors and
controlling behaviors. All three are
individual level discourses of
workplace bullying prevention.
 Conclusion Current research

5. Historical Analysis A Pragmatic Guide to Qualitative
Historical Analysis in the Study
of International Relations
indicates that workplace bullying is
a complex issue with antecedents
at the individual, departmental and
organizational level. However, the
discourse of the participants in this
study only focused on prevention
of bullying by molding the
behaviors of individuals. The
effective prevention of workplace
bullying will require departmental
and organizational initiatives.
Leaders in all types of organizations
can use the results of this study to
examine their organizations
discourses of workplace bullying
prevention to determine where
change is needed.
 Researchers using qualitative
methods, including case studies
and comparative case studies, are
becoming more self-conscious in
enhancing the rigor of their
research designs so as to maximize
their explanatory leverage with a
small number of cases. One aspect
of qualitative research that has not
received as much attention is the
use of primary and secondary
source material as data or
evidence.
 This essay explores the potential
problems encountered by political
scientists as they conduct archival
research or rely on secondary
source material produced by
historians. The essay also suggests
guidelines for researchers to
minimize the main problems
associated with qualitative
historical research, namely,
investigator bias and unwarranted
selectivity in the use of historical
source materials. These guidelines
should enable advanced
undergraduates and graduate
students to enhance the quality of
their historically minded political
science scholarship.
  The purpose of this essay is to
6. Grounded Theory BEING THERE: A GROUNDED-  The purpose of this study was to
THEORY STUDY OF STUDENT
PERCEPTIONS OF INSTRUCTOR
PRESENCE IN ONLINE CLASSES
 A constant comparative analysis of
 The study recommends further
introduce advanced undergraduate
and beginning graduate students in
political science to historiography,
defined as the writing of history
based on a selective, critical
reading of sources that synthesizes
particular bits of information into a
narrative description or analysis of
a subject.
explore the perceptions of
experienced individual online
students at a community college in
Texas in order to generate a
substantive theory of community
college student perceptions of
online instructor presence. This
qualitative study used Active
Interviewing and followed a
Straussian grounded-theory design
to guide the collecting and coding
of interview data in order to
identify emerging categories and
generate substantive theory. The
researcher collected data through
interviews with 16 online students,
all of whom had taken at least four
online courses at a community
college.
the data generated a substantive
grounded theory, the Theory of
Establishing and Sustaining
Instructor Presence to Enable
Student Learning. The theory also
presents a process definition of
instructor presence and offers an
explanation for the relationship
between the instructor roles of
active instruction and facilitation.
qualitative research into
perceptions of students in other
regions, of students at other levels
of study—including baccalaureate
and graduate students, and of

 Grounded theory refers to a set of
7. Narrative study LEADERSHIP JOURNEYS: A  This study employed a qualitative
NARRATIVE RESEARCH STUDY
EXPLORING WOMEN SCHOOL
SUPERINTENDENT’S MEANING-
MAKING OF LEADERSHIP
DEVELOPMENT EXPERIENCES  Literature on women’s leadership
 Narrative inquiry is a form of
students who are less successful in
online course work.
systematic inductive methods for
conducting qualitative research
aimed toward theory development.
These analyses provide focused,
abstract, conceptual theories that
explain the studied empirical
phenomena.
narrative research design. Narrative
content was analyzed, using a
combination of deductive and
inductive approaches.
reveals women are
underrepresented in top leadership
roles in public education in the U.S.
(Skarla, 1999) and superintendency
is the most maledominated
executive position of any
profession in the United States. The
object of this study was to explore
the leadership journeys of five
women school superintendents
from small-midsize school districts
in the remote geographic region of
U.S (Alaska). This type of school
leader may differ from mainland US
state Superintendents because of
Alaska’s "frontier" and
"independent" nature. The study
used Super’s career development
theory and Mezirow’s (1978)
transformative learning theory as
frameworks to uncover meaning-
making of leadership development
experiences, which are associated
with leadership across the lifespan
of the five women superintendents.
qualitative research in which the
stories themselves become the raw
data. This approach has been used
in many disciplines to learn more
about the culture, historical
experiences, identity, and lifestyle.