n

CLASS NAME : Vectors L2

TOPICS COVERED: Forces and equilibrium

Taken by : Jitin Gupta

IIT Delhi (AIR 1358)
Senior Faculty at Vidyamandir Classes

N
 Test Time -

10min

Ronan I 16

Ruin =
UN

✗ ✗ ✗ ✓

Aman 2+2=4 Ruin =

2-2=0
ill 2) A) =

B)
ill 4) Resultant can be Zero
if the three vectors

can form a ☐ .

c) 10, 20
,
20 701-20 320

- 20+20510

1-

form
20-10 < 20
They can

20 20 2 10
A D -

D) 10,20 , no 10+20 240

they cannot form a ☐

cannot be zero
resultant
.

their
 if

E- F-net F- fit I> In

☐
=
+ +

> Ez
that this obieet is in
we
say

- E, equilibrium if Éet =o

I =
m )

object in =m do the
examining
me
we are an
,
when

analysis in the
following way
:

coordinate axis
the
① choose convenient

5- t maninurm number
I choose your
axes .

forces along
the coordinate )
of
ones
lie
 forces their
② Resolve all the into component

the axes
along .

③ R✗ =
E of all ✗
components = F. ✗
tfzx t
- -

+ Fnx

=
o

Ry E fzy
of all Y fly Fry
=

components = 1- + - - +

=
0
 Some common forces

① weight of the object 1 near the surface of Earth )

↳
Gravitation force exerted by the earth on the

obiect .

Ñ= where 9.81 mls 2

mg g
=

✓
☐

( near the surface

v. my of Earth )
I

• ☐
C

earth ✓

my
NOTE : Newton 's third law

a
dug age
=
☐ =
a- 0
earth

Img
a
•
bint
=
Em =

mm9-=g
 ② Normal reaction b/w two surfaces in contact

Top-tier

F F
,
>
•

0
of
@
° •
① This arises because N o
Oe b
→ 0
8
pressing tendency
there is
so
f o

0
Nod
b/w the two surfaces do

to it
② It acts on the obtect trying push away

from the other surface in contact

( acts 7- ur to the surfaces in contact

)
 the normal Reaction
Ig .
What is

b/w the and

M
block
ground
- - - - -

① Draw the FBD ( tree body dia .

→ A diagram
showing all the forces acting
on the object)

N=
m my
^

N
vmg
Newton 's first law !
If an object continues to remain

state uniform motion

in a
of rest or

( uniform motion with constant velocity ) then

moving
=

that the net force acting on obieet is zero

we can
say
is in
or the object = m .

Ey .

the
m
Find out the normal reactions in setup
M
- - -
- -

N
FBI ing
-
N
✓

Na
N^
! ^
= Nt
my
my Ng Mg mgtmg
=
v

=
( mtm )g
Eg at
AN F
.

Find the block

>
mag
.

of sit .
remains

+
in =m .
All the surfaces are smooth

÷ ① Coordinate system

rid ✗ arris -

along the incline

Yanis -

fun to the incline

F >

iyoso I
wgsi£ -
my > ✗

noggin
n

-0

Fret ,
✗ = 0 .
.
.
-
L
Io
"

mgwso
Yy
F =
mgsiuo
Also Fmt O
y
-

N
mgaoso
=
 r
Eg 0
off
.

Find sit the block remains

rm mag
. .

in =m .
All the surfaces are smooth

) O

N 't
N n
r
anloso r
^
Ncoso
•

Nsing -

f ← > ✗
> m

Nsino
rY

> u
① Noose =

my N=mg_
✗
lose
my
② Nsino = f for my ✗ sino
Loso

f- =

my
tone D=
?⃝
Es .

The system is in Find

=m . the

normal reaction b/w the two blocks

µ .

F m
>

rN• N
N
N -
f N2
2
>
10

7
u N

my 2

Y F
E
AN Loso
Mgsino vmgsnhgcoso
É¥%
Nasino ,

<
Na
,
nuno

<
=
My hero
f

My Sino
✓
unsino N =

my
N uoso
, =
+ Nsinc
my

f- = N Sino
,
1- Ncos 0
 N' ,
mgsino gone
r µ F
page
>

> → A
f- >
2
Ñ >
+
✓

fsino
u fsino 10

L u
cost
wg.im -
mg

my

Along ✗ am's Faso = Nt

my
Sino

Fcoso =

Mgsino +
my
Sino

f- tenet my Tano
=
Mg
f- =
( Mtm)g taro Aus
F f
F- (Mtm ) gtano
,
>

no anger

107 Normal

±
N2
4
Tension forces in
strings
and
ropes

\ \ - -

T (T is the force that is

being
my
=

the
string
applied by
on
the

mass
)
at

tension force inside

the
n

m T =
string
vmg
It is
always a
pulling force
-
Put ← push
☐ ☐
↳ rope /
✗
string
 ~ - - -

0 :&11
" " " =
}
{
d
,
Dido %
n.TT
m d d
ing

IT
~ - - -

•
a massless \ - - - -

•
1
rope
+

my
=
-

P
a- P -

m
☐TT ✓ +

dry dry
 " ' Q
&
' -

•
massless
/
rope AT R
-

R -

R
-

ut

P
a-
M
P -

ut
try
1
f- T
T
I < >
← ,
f 3 2

F T
← • -

-
- -
- -

F- F

2
z T
←T , • → T
< of

F- f
Eg . n - - -

both the strings

1-
find Tension in

( 10m62)
PTI g-
-

Tz
101g
n

-
Tz Tz =
5✗g = 50N
2
pTz
u
5kg
5×8
at ,
T, =
Tzt
10g
=
50N -1100N = 150N
Tzu v
10g
Eg .

'
find tension in all the
\

£
three strings
PT
.

,
Tz ,

•A→2
'
53
-
- -
1- -

d Ts '

^Ts
Tzz 100N
m=i0lg ☐

vlog
'

T, at ,
sin 53

g.
Isin -55=1
I
-5? -1 • ,
Tix
¥
<
- .

A = 100N
T, cos 53
'

✓ ✗
Tz T
,
= 100 = 125N

Also T,
'

Tz=
¥
cos 53 = 125 ✗ = 75N
 Lami 's theorem
IT ' '

g. = 127
03=90+37 at
Tz
④ >
03 92
92 9=90
'

f.)
_-
901-53 ' %
✓ L
g-
z J J

= 143
'

c-

It J
T
, % Tz
resultant
of I. and E is

= =
Zero ;
Simao sin / 901-53 ) (901-37)
.
'

Sin

a- = b- = C

T 100 125N Si Q sin Oz sing

1--3
-
= =
,
=

cosy
.
415
 and strings
Combination of pulleys

used
- - - -

tf pulleys are

* g
Tp
to redirect forces .

Opt
qt ✓

my
dry
dry
It the
pulley is
frictionless or massless
,
tension in
string
sides
passing
over the
pulley remains same on both -
Es
-
- - - - -

The system is in =m

Td IT
F-
Meg

T 4T F-
Meg
9 ☐ mi
Mz
trig Msg
Mig =

my Ans
u m =
,

mug

b) what is the force applied by string on the

pulley
we start considering the rope /string

with the
•
)
in contact
pulley as
part

of pulley itself .
 TÑIt
due to
Net force on
pulley
1- String =
2T =
2mg =

2mg
Es .

in
System is an

Find relation b/w m and M

F-
AT my
+ & IT =
my
Tpr v7
M ☐ PTI

nyt
M 2T =T

AT
,

vmg +9 2mg -

mg
To
zm = M
Ans
=D m =
Mz
Eg .

system is in =m

- - - - - - ,

Find relation b/w m and M

TpIpTqpT F-
my
TT 4T 4mg My
my
= → _-

M ☐ MZT q2T sD Um M
d
-_

Myung
as
my g ,
m=

Tp TT ?
F- 2T
① , ,
✓
2T
 Eq .

\ \ - -

in
System is =m

Find relation b/w

Mimi
m and

PITT T=
my sino

mgsino
y,
gyro pn
2T

IMO
2T -

my
t.mg
-
- - - - - -

2mg sina.mg

M = 2m Erno And
Friction

1--1 .÷:*
.
have
.

¥F÷
> F

- . .
?
 Three cases
of friction
1) Static friction
- -
- -
it
<
-
Here there is no
slipping f-
b/w the surfaces in contact

friction force is equal to the

driving force .

2)
limiting static friction
- -
if
'
-

slipping b/w the two surfaces f- man

is imminent in N

-
f =
f-
man =
Us ✗ N
- - -

g- as
 Ms =
coefficient of friction
static

( depends upon roughness of two

surfaces in contact)

N a normal reaction b/w the two surfaces .

3) kinetic friction
→ F
→v
-
there the two surfaces - - - - -
-

<

slipping fk
are
wat

each other

f- K =
Uk N where the =
coefficient of kinetic

friction .

( measure
of roughness )
 Uk I Ms fk = f- man

CI m
-10kg
-

- ,
,
P -
>
-
F- 2£
N=
my
= 10×10

↳ Us = 0.2
=
100N

Mk = 0.18
f- man
=
Us ✗ N
= O '
2×100
Describe the motion and =
20N

friction acting on the obtect

fk =
µ ,e✗N
=
18N
 at + = Is

I 2 2 Static
f--22N >
fmau
4 8 8 Static
object is

9 18 18 Static
static
slipping
10 20 20
limiting
11 22 18 kinetic
→
f- fr
13 26 18 kinetic
Finish question from

Forces and =m
 case
N ,
r
r

cost
☐
2
wgsino
< Smg
1-
my
-
u
☐ a