9 Mathematics

Quarter 3 - Module 4
Solving Problems Involving
Parallelograms, Trapezoids, and
Kites
Mathematics – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 4: Solving Problems Involving Parallelograms, Trapezoids, and
Kites
First Edition, 2021

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Department of Education--- Schools Division of Bulacan

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 9

Mathematics
Quarter 3 - Module 4
Solving Problems Involving
Parallelograms, Trapezoids, and
Kites
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step
as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need
to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, notes to the Teachers are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercise and tests.
Read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module provides varied activities that will help you learn about
quadrilaterals.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

 define parallelograms, trapezoids, and kites;
 describe the properties of parallelograms, trapezoids, and kites; and
 solve problems involving parallelograms, trapezoids, and kites.

What I Know

Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of your answer on a separate sheet
of
paper.

1. A quadrilateral with two pairs of opposite sides that are parallel.

a. Trapezium b. Parallelogram c. Trapezoid d. Kite

2. A quadrilateral with two distinct pairs of adjacent congruent sides.

a. Trapezium b. Parallelogram c. Trapezoid d. Kite

3. A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of opposite sides parallel.

a. Trapezium b. Parallelogram c. Trapezoid d. Kite

4. Which is true about any two consecutive angles of a parallelogram?

a. They are always supplementary.
b. They are always congruent.
c. They are sometimes complementary.
d. They are both right angles.

5. Which of the following quadrilaterals has diagonals that do not bisect each
other?
a. Trapezium b. Parallelogram c. Trapezoid d. Kite

6. How can you describe any two opposite angles in a parallelogram?

a. They are always supplementary.
b. They are always congruent.
c. They are sometimes complementary.
d. They are both right angles.
H O
7. What is the measure of ∠2 in the parallelogram HOME? 105°
a. 75° b. 90° c. 105° d. 180°
E 2 M

8. The diagonals of a kite have lengths of 10cm and 9cm. What is the area of the
kite?
a. 19cm² b. 38cm² c. 45cm² d. 90cm²
9. Find the value of x in the parallelogram MILK.
M I
X + 40°

3x – 20° L
K

a. 40° b. 80° c. 100° d. 180°

10. Find the area of the kite.

M P
MO = 18cm
NP = 9cm
N
O

a. 27cm² b. 162cm² c. 54cm² d. 81cm²

11. In parallelogram GIVE, what is the measure of ∠GVI?

G I
110°
35°
E 35° V

a. 30° b. 55° c. 70° d. 110°

12. The diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid are represented by 4x – 47 and 2x +

31. What is the value of x?
a. 37 b. 39 c. 107 d. 109

13. Find the value of x in the figure.

(3x - 17) ° (2x + 13) °

a. 24 b. 30 c. 35 d. 50

14. Two consecutive angles of a parallelogram have measures (x + 30) ° and

2(x-30) °. What is the measure of the smaller angle?
a. 70° b. 80° c. 100° d. 140°

15. Find the length of the longer diagonal in parallelogram GOAL.

G 2x + 7 O
3x - 1
L A
a. 8 b. 31 c. 46 d. 52
 What’s In

You Complete Me!

Directions: It is important that you are familiar with the basics of parallelograms, trapezoids,
and kites. Complete the crossword puzzle below with the correct answers.

1 2 3

4 5

7 8

9
1
0

DOWN

1- quadrilateral ABCD where AB´ || CD´ , AD´ || BC

´ .
2- parallelogram FILM where F́I ≅ IL ´ , LM
´ ≅ ḾF .
3- a polygon with two diagonals.
5- a condition where two coplanar lines never meet.
8- quadrilateral PARK where PR ´ ⊥ AK´ ; PR ´ .
´ ≠ AK

ACROSS

2- quadrilateral HEAT where ∠H ≅ ∠E ≅ ∠A ≅ ∠T.

´ and KG
4- quadrilateral KING where ḰI || NG ´ is not parallel to ´¿.
6- RO´ in quadrilateral TOUR.
7- parallelogram ONLY where ∠O ≅ ∠N ≅ ∠L ≅ ∠Y & ON ´ ≅ NL ´ ≅ LY ´ .
´ ≅ YO
9- Formed by two consecutive sides of a polygon.
10- U in quadrilateral MUSE.
 What’s New

Fact or Bluff!
Directions: Identify if the given statement states a fact or a bluff by shading using your
crayon.

1.

The opposite angles of a parallelogram are

FACT supplementary.
BLUFF

2.

The area A of a kite

with diagonals d 1 and d 2
FACT 1
is given by A = d d. BLUFF
2 1 2

3.

The base angles of an isosceles trapezoid are

FACT congruent.
BLUFF

4.

In a trapezoid, the diagonals are perpendicular to

each other.
FACT
BLUFF

5.

Two adjacent angles of a parallelogram

FACT
are complementary.
BLUFF
 What is It
Solving Problems Involving Parallelograms,
Trapezoids, and Kites

A. Parallelogram is a quadrilateral with two pairs of opposite sides that are parallel.

Given: Quadrilateral WISH is a parallelogram.

W I

H S

1. If m∠W = x + 15 and m∠S = 2x + 5, What is m∠W?

Solution:
Since opposite angles of parallelogram are congruent, then

X + 15 = 2x+5 Opposite angles of parallelogram are congruent.

15 – 5 = 2x – x Combine similar terms
10 = x solve for x

Substitute the value of x:

m∠W = x + 15 Given
m∠W = 10 + 15 Substitute the value of x
m∠W = 25 solve for m∠W

2. If ẂI = 3y + 3 and H́S = y + 13, how long is H́S ?

Solution:
3y + 3 = y + 13 Opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent
3y – y = 13 – 3 Combine similar terms
2y = 10 Divide both sides by 2
y=5 Solve for y

Substitute y to get the value of H́S ?

H́S = y + 13 Given
H́S = 5 + 13 Substitute the value of y
H́S = 18 Solve for H́S
B. Trapezoid is a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of opposite sides parallel.
Trapezium is a quadrilateral with no parallel sides.

Given: Quadrilateral POST is an isosceles trapezoid with OS

´ || PT
´ . ER
´ is the
median.
O
E

T
R S

1. If OS
´ = 3x – 2, PT
´ = 2x + 10 and ER
´ = 14, how long is each base?

1 Formula for median of a trapezoid

median= (b 1 b 2)
2
1 Substitute the given
14= ( 2 x +10 ) +(3 x−2)
2
28=2 x +10+3 x−2 Cross multiplication
28 = 5x + 8 Simplify
28 – 8 = 5x Combine similar terms
20 = 5x Divide both sides by 5
4=x Solve for x

Substitute:
´
OS = 3x - 2 ´ = 2x + 10
PT Given
´ = 3(4) - 2
OS ´ =2(4) + 10
PT Substitute the value of x
´
OS=12−2 ´ = 8 + 10
PT Simplify
OS´ = 10 ´ =18
PT Final Answer

2. If m∠P = 2x + 5 and m∠O = 3x – 10, What is m∠T?

m∠P + m∠O = 180 Consecutive angles of an isosceles trapezoid are supplementary

2x + 5 + 3x – 10 = 180 Substitute the given
5x – 5 = 180 Simplify
5x =180 + 5 Combine similar terms
5x = 185 Divide both sides by 5
X = 37 Value of x
m∠P = m∠T Base angles of isosceles trapezoid are congruent
m∠T = 2x + 5 Substitute to the given
m∠T = 2(37) + 5 Substitute the value of x to the equation
m∠T = 74 + 5 Simplify
m∠T = 79 Final answer
C. Kite is a quadrilateral with pairs congruent and adjacent sides.

´ and ´¿ ≅ KE
Given: Quadrilateral LIKE is a kite with ĹI ≅ IK ´ .

L K

1. ´¿ is twice as long as ĹI . If the perimeter of the kite is 24cm, how long is ´¿?

Let: x – value of ĹI

2x – the value of ´¿

P= LI
´ + IK ´ ¿´
´ + KE+ Formula
24 cm=x+ x +2 x+ 2 x Substitute all the given
24 cm=6 x Divide both sides by 6
4 cm=x Value of x

ĹI = x = 4cm Solve for ĹI

´¿ = 2x = 2(4) = 8cm Solve for ´¿

´ +
2. What is the area of the kite if one of the diagonals is 4 more that the other and IE
´ = 16in?
LK

´ (1st diagonal)
Let: x – length of IE
´ (2nd diagonal)
x + 4 – length of LK

´ + LK
IE ´ = 16 in Given
x + x+4 = 16 Substitution
2x + 4 = 16 Combine similar terms
2x = 16 – 4 Transposition
2x = 12 Divide both sides by 2
X=6 Value of x
´ =6
IE Substitute the value of x
´
LK = 6 + 4 = 10 Substitute the alue of x
1 Formula for the area of kite
A= (d d )
2 1 2
1 Substitution
A = (6)(10)
2
60 Solve for A
A=
2
 A = 30 Area of Kite

What’s More

Independent Activity 1
Directions: Analyze the given questions. Choose your answers inside the box.

Given: In parallelogram GIFT, diagonal GF

´ and IT
´ bisect each other at O.

I
G

F
T

1. If IF
´ = 6cm, how long is ´¿ ? __________
2. If ǴI = 16cm, how long is TF´ ? _________
3-4 If ÓI = 6cm and OF ´ = 7cm, what is the length of IT ´ ?
´ ? ________ and GF
__________
5-6 If IT ´ = 18cm and OF
´ + GF ´ = 5cm, what is the length of IT
´ ?_________
´ ? _________
and the length of GF

6cm 8cm 10cm

12cm 14cm 16cm

Independent Assessment 1
Directions: Fill in the blanks.

With the measures indicated, solve the value of x in parallelogram EMAN.

A.
E M
4x – 40°

N x + 20° A

1. 4x – 40 + _____ = 180
2. 5x - _____ = 180
3. 5x = 180 + _____
4. 5x = _____
5. X = _____

E M
4x – 40°
B.

N x + 20° A

1. 4x-40 = _____
2.3 4x - _____ = 20 + _____
4. 3x = _____
5. x = _____
Independent Activity 2
Directions: Solve the following:

Refer to the trapezoid EFGH with median IJ

´ and shade the correct answer using
a crayon.

H G

I J

E F

1.
´ = 8 and
´ = x, HG
If IJ
´ = 12, what is the value of
EF
x?

4 10 20

2.
If IJ ´ = 14 and EF
´ = y + 3, HG ´
= 18, what is the value of y?

13 16 32

3.
´ = x, IJ=16∧¿
If HG ´
´ = 22, what is the value of
EF
x?

4 6 10
 4.
´ = y-2, IJ
If HG ´ = 20 and
´ = 31, what is the value of
EF
y?

11 29 40

5.

If H́I = 10 and IE ´ = x-4, what

is the value of x?

6 10 14

Independent Assessment 2
Directions: Matching Type. Match column A with the correct answer in column B.
Use
the given isosceles trapezoid MEAN. Write the letter of your answer.
E
M

N A

Column A Column B
_____1. If m∠N = 2x-6 and m∠A = 82, what is x? A. 22
_____2. If m∠E = 2(y+4) and m∠M = 116, what is y? B. 26
_____3. If NE=56
´ ´ ?
, what is MA C. 44
_____4. If NE
´ = 2x+10 and ḾA = 4x-6, what is NE ´ ? D. 54
_____5. If ḾA = 3y + 7 and NE´ = 6y – 88, what is ḾA ? E. 56
Independent Activity 3
Show More What You Got!
Directions: Answer each problem carefully. Choose the corresponding letter from
the
kites given below.

F I S

10 L 24 E 97.5
15 42

_____1. The diagonals of a kite have lengths 6cm and 5cm. Find the area of the kite.

_____2. The diagonals of a kite have lengths 12cm and 7cm. Find the area of the
kite.

_____3. The diagonals of a kite have lengths 15cm and 13cm. Find the area of the
kite.
_____4. If the area of a kite is 96cm² and one of its diagonals is 8cm, what is the
length of the other diagonal?
_____5. The area of a kite is 180cm² and the length of the diagonal is 36cm. How
long is the other diagonal?
Independent Assessment 3
Directions: Solve for what is asked in each question.

1. Find the area of the kite.

d 1 = 14
d 2 = 21

2. Find the area of the kite.

5cm

6cm 6cm
10cm

3. Find the area of the kite.

d 1 = 11 cm
d 2 = 23 cm

4. Solve for the second diagonal.

A = 140cm²
d 1 = 28cm
d 2= ?

5. Solve for the second diagonal.

 A = 200cm²
d 1 = 25cm
d 2= ?

What I Have Learned

Do you realize now the importance of solving problems involving parallelograms,
trapezoids, and kites? Reflect on what have you learned by expressing your insights.
 What I Can Do
Cite at least three real-life situations in which solving problems involving
parallelograms, trapezoids, and kites are illustrated.
 Assessment
Directions: Write the letter of your answer on each of the following questions.

1. A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of opposite sides parallel.

a. Trapezium b. Parallelogram c. Trapezoid d. Kite
2. A quadrilateral with two distinct pairs of adjacent congruent sides.
a. Trapezium b. Parallelogram c. Trapezoid d. Kite
3. A quadrilateral with two pairs of opposite sides that are parallel.
a. Trapezium b. Parallelogram c. Trapezoid d. Kite
4. Which of the following quadrilaterals has diagonals that do not bisect each other?
a. Trapezium b. Parallelogram c. Trapezoid d. Kite
5. Which is true about any two consecutive angles of a parallelogram?
a. They are always supplementary.
b. They are always congruent.
c. They are sometimes complementary.
d. They are both right angles.
6. How can you describe any two opposite angles in a parallelogram?
a. They are always supplementary.
b. They are always congruent.
c. They are sometimes complementary.
d. They are both right angles.
7. The diagonals of a kite have lengths of 10cm and 9cm. What is the area of the
kite?
a. 19cm² b. 38cm² c. 45cm² d. 90cm²
8. The diagonals of an isosceles trapezoid are represented by 3x – 5 and x + 9. What
is the value of x?
a. 5 b. 7 c. 14 d. 28
9. Two consecutive angles of a parallelogram have measures (x + 20) ° and
2(x-40) °. What is the measure of the smaller angle?
a. 60° b. 80° c. 180° d. 240°

10. Find the length of the longer diagonal in parallelogram GOAL.

G 2x - 2 O
4x - 8
L A
a. 6 b. 16 c. 32 d. 64

11. Find the value of x in the figure.

 (5x - 20) ° (2x + 1) °

a. 4 b. 7 c. 15 d. 30

12. In parallelogram GIVE, what is the measure of ∠GIV?

G I
110°
35°
E 35° V

a. 40° b. 70° c. 110° d. 145°

13. Find the area of the kite.

M P
MO = 20cm
NP = 8cm
N
O

a. 19cm² b. 28cm² c. 56cm² d. 80cm²

14. Find the value of x in the parallelogram MILK.

M I
5X + 20°

2x – 50° L
K

a. 30° b. 180° c. 210° d. 240°

H O
15. What is the measure of ∠2 in the parallelogram HOME? 105°
a. 75° b. 90° c. 105° d. 180°
E 2 M
 Additional Activities
Direction: Solve the following problems

1. If the measure of one of the base angles of an isosceles trapezoid is 40°, what are
the measures of the other angles?

2. If the measure of one angle of an isosceles trapezoid is x° and the angle opposite it
is (x + 20) °, what is the measure of the angle?

´ = 2x + 3 and EC
3. In Parallelogram ONCE, if ON ´ = 4x-5, find ON
´ and CE
´ .
 Answer Key

Independent Activity 2 What I Know

1. 10 1. B
2. 13 2. D
3. 10 3. C
4. 11 4. A
5. 14 5. C
Independent Assessment 2 6. A
1. C 7. c
2. D 8. C
3. E 9. A
4. B 10. D
5. A 11. B
Independent Activity 3 12. B
1. L 13. B
2. E 14. B
3. S 15. C
4. I
5. F What’s In
Independent Assessment 3 DOWN
1. 147 1. Parallelogram
2. 90 2. Rhombus
3. 126.5 3. Quadrilateral
4. 10 5. Parallel
5. 16 8. Kite
ACROSS
What I have learned 2. Rectangle
Answer may vary 4. Trapezoid
6. Diagonal
What I can do 7. Square
Answer may vary 9. Angle
10. Vertex
Assessment
1. C What’s New
2. D 1. Fact
3. B 2. Bluff
4. C 3. Fact
5. A 4. Bluff
6. A 5. Bluff
7. C
8. B What’s More
9. B Independent Activity 1
10. C 1. 6cm
11. B 2. 16cm
12. B 3. 12cm
13. D 4. 14cm
14. A 5. 6cm
15. A 6. 10cm
Independent Assessment 1
Additional Activity 1. X + 20
1. 40, 140, 140 2. 20
2. 80 3. 20
3. ON = 11, EC = 11 4. 200
 References
A. Books

1. Bernabe, Julieta G. and Soledad Jose-Dilao, “Geometry Textbook for Third

Year”, Philippines: SD Publication Inc.,2009.

2. Department of Education, “Learner’s Material for Mathematics 9”, Philippines,

2014.
 For inquiries or feedback, please write:

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email Address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph