10 Electronics

Quarter 1– Module 6
Electrical Quantities
and Ohm’s Law
Electronics – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1– Module 6: Electrical Quantities and Ohm’s Law
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Region III

Secretary : Leonor M. Briones
Undersecretary : Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Author: Corazon U. Apoderado

Language Reviewer: Evelyn I. Domalaon
Content Editor: Marciano V Cruz, Jr.
Brenda ‘Lea A. Caranto, PhD
Illustrator: Corazon U. Apoderado
Layout Artist: Corazon U. Apoderado

Management Team
Gregorio C. Quinto, Jr., EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
Rainelda M. Blanco, PhD
Education Program Supervisor - LRMDS
Agnes R. Bernardo, PhD
EPS-Division ADM Coordinator
Marinella P. Garcia Sy, PhD
EPS – Science
Glenda S. Constantino
Project Development Officer II
Joannarie C. Garcia
Librarian II

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph
 10
Electronics
Quarter 1 - Module 6
Electrical Quantities
and Ohm’s Law
 Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Electronics STE 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Electrical
Quantities and Ohm’s Law

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from
public institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator, in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire
the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and
circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will
help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners’ progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do
the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Electronics STE 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Electrical
Quantities and Ohm’s Law
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

This part includes an activity that aims to check

what you already know about the lesson to take. If
What I Know
you get all the answers correct (100%), you may
decide to skip this module.

1
 This is a brief drill or review to help you link the
What’s In
current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to

What’s New you in various ways; a story, a song, a poem, a
problem opener, an activity or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
What is It lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent practice to
solidify your understanding and skills of the topic.
What’s More
You may check the answers to the exercises using
the Answer Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank sentence/
What I Have Learned paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned
from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will help you
What I Can Do transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

Assessment
mastery in achieving the learning competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

Additional Activities
enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References - This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

2
 What I Need to Know

This module provides varied activities that will help you grasp electrical quantities
and understand Ohm's Law applies in learning types of electric circuits.

After going through this module you are expected to:

1. define electrical quantities such as current, voltage and resistance;
2. determine the factors the affect the resistance of the conductor;
3. describe what happens to the current of a circuit when either the voltage or
resistance is increased or decreased;
4. solve math problems utilizing Ohm’s Law formula; and
5. relate Ohm’s Law to real life situation like utilizing electrical appliances at
home.

What I Know

Pre-Assessment
A. Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. An electric current is said to be present in a conductor whenever :
A. electric charges are unbalanced
B. battery is present in the conductor
C. there is a flow of charges in the conductor
D. the conductor is charged
2. If an electric circuit resembles a water tank with a pipe extended through the bottom,
the current would be analogous to the water:
A. pressure at the bottom through the pipe
B. flowing through the pipe
C. level of the tank
D. pump
3. An electric current of 1 A(Ampere) is the same as :
A. 1C/s B. 1V/s C. 1J/c D. 10W/s

3
4. What does electric potential or voltage represent in the circuit?
A. The amount of charges available in the circuit.
B. The amount of resistance to move the charges in the circuit.
C. The amount of energy available to move the electric charges in the circuit.
D. The speed of the charges moving through the wire.
5. The resistance of a wire is n Ω. The wire is stretched to triple its length, likewise the
resistance becomes:
A. n/6 B. 6 n C. n/3 D. 3 n
6. All of the following conductors are made of the same materials but are different sizes.
Identify one with the highest resistance.

A.

B.

C.

D.

7. What will happen to the current in the circuit if the voltage across a fixed value of
resistance is increased four times?
A. increase four times
B. decrease four times
C. neither increase nor decrease
D. increase twice

4
8. The relationship of voltage and current at constant resistance is stated as:
A. voltage is directly proportional to current
B. voltage is inversely proportional to current
C. both voltage and current are variables
D. none of the above

9. Ohm’s Law describes the mathematical relationship between:

A. current, voltage and resistance
B. resistance and Ohms
C. current and Ampere
D. voltage and volt

10. The defining equation of Ohm’s Law is :

A. V = IR
B. V = 2IR
C. V = I/R
D. V = WR

B. Problem Solving:

1. What potential difference is required to do 120J of work to carry a charge of 12C?

A. 1v B. 10v C. 100v D.1kv

2. A 90 C charge flow past a point in 30 s, what is the current?

A. 3A B. 0.3A C. 5A D.0.5A

3. The electric current in a resistor wire is 5 A. When both ends are given a potential
of 10 V. What is the electrical resistance?
A. 50 Ω B. 5Ω C. 20Ω D. 2Ω

4. What electromotive force would cause a 10 A of current to flow through a 12 Ω

resistor?
A. 120v B. 12v C. 1.2v D. 0.12v

5. A potential difference across 60 Ω resistor is 18 V. What is the current through the

resistor?
A. 3.33A B. 3A C. 0.3A D. 0.03A

5
 What’s In

In module 5, you have learned about precautionary actions to take when working with
electronic equipment. It is imperative to educate yourselves with the list of safety measures
while handling such devices and apparatuses. These accompanied immense dangers due
to the comprised circuit components. Thorough knowledge of electricity will save you from
huge hazards brought about by mishandling and lack of know-how in electronic
components. This module will enlighten you with one of the most essential laws in electric
circuits, Ohm's Law. To gain insight into the law, you'll need a grasp of its fundamental
concepts such as current, resistance, and voltage.
But before we begin our lesson in this Module, let’s keep you abreast of the previous
topic.
Direction: Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word in the box below.
1. Always keep your ________dry.
2. Don’t use ________ to remove components.
3. Reexamine the _______ for bad connection.
4. Always check that your circuit is not _______.
5. Always ______ safety goggles.

wear wires rubber overload barehands workplace

What’s New

Are you familiar with the basic electrical quantities. Let’s check out.
Write the corresponding electrical quantities show in the figure.

1.___________ 2._________ 3.________ 4.________ 5._________

Notes to the Teacher

The activities in this module are arranged from simple to complex to help
the learner gradually master the desired learning competency. Give him/her the
needed support and guidance so that he/she will be able to perform the tasks to
prepare him/her later on in defining basic electrical quantities and illustrating
Ohm’s Law.

6
 Electrical Quantities
and Ohm’s Law
What is It

Voltage, Current and Resistance

Voltage, also known as electromotive force
(emf) is the amount of potential energy between two
point charges on a circuit. It is what makes electric
charge move.
How voltage works...
Imagine a water tank with pipe connected
extending from the bottom.
By simple analogy, the water represents the
charge. If there is higher water level, the pressure at the
bottom is greater. Similarly, if there are more charges,
the electric potential is greater known as voltage or
electromotive force (emf).
Figure no.1. Water tank
It is equal to the work that needed to be
done per unit charge against the electric field to move
the charge from one point to another.
In equation,
V = W/Q
Where:
V = voltage, J/C or v (volt)
W = work done to get the charge move, J (Joule)
Q = charge, C (Coulomb)

Sample Problem:
It takes 20 J of work to push 4 C of charge across the filament of a bulb.
Find the potential difference across the filament.
Given:
W = 20 J
Q=4C
Unknown: Potential Difference or Voltage
Formula: V = W/Q
Solution: V = 20 J / 4 C = 5 J / C or 5 V

7
 Current is the measure of the quantity of charges moving through a conductor
per unit time.
Now consider the water in the tank flowing through the pipe as current.
We measure the volume of flowing water through the pipe in the time period.
The movement of water through the pipe resembles the charges flowing in the circuit
over a period of time.

Figure no.2. Water flows

through the pipe.

If a charge is transported through a wire in time, FLOW OF CHARGE

then the current through the wire is IN TIME PERIOD

I = Q/t
Where,
I = current, A (Ampere) (1 A = 1 C/s)
Q = charge, C ( Coulomb)
t = time taken to move the charge, s (second)

Sample Problem:
Calculate the current when a car battery sets in motion 80 C of charge in 5 s while
starting the engine.
Given:
Q= 80 C
t=5s
Unknown: Current I
Formula: I = Q/t
Solution: I = 80 C / 5 s =16 C / s or 16 A

8
 Resistance is a quantity that measures the opposition offered by a device or a
material to the flow of electric current. There are four different factors which affect the
resistance of the conductor: type of material, its length, its cross-sectional area and the
temperature of the material.
Let us again consider the water pipe analogy.
Two water tanks, one with a narrow pipe (Tank A), and the other with a wide
pipe (Tank B).

Figure no.3. Water tank with narrow pipe Figure no.4. Water tank with wide pipe

With the same water level, greater resistance is offered by the pipe of Tank A.
Therefore, less water comes out. Tank B with the wider pipe offered less resistance,
therefore more water comes out.

Similarly, greater cross-sectional And less cross-sectional area means

area means less resistance. greater resistance.
cross-sectional area cross-sectional area

Resistance is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the conductor

and directly proportional to its length.

In equation,
R = ρL
A
Where,
R = resistance, Ω (Ohm)
ρ = resistivity of the material, Ωm (Ohmmeter)
L = length of the wire, m (meter)
A= cross-sectional area, m2 (meter square)

9
Sample Problem:
1.What is the resistance of an aluminum wire that is 5 m long and has a cross-section area of
7 X 10-6 m2? Resistivity of the aluminum wire is 2.65 X 10-8Ωm.

Given: Solution:
L=5m R = 2.65X10-8 Ωm (5m)
A = 7 X 10-6 m2 7 X 10-6 m2
Unknown: Resistance R = 1.89 X 10-2 Ω
Formula: R = ρ L/A

Ohm’s Law

Have you ever use your blender at home to make a fruit smoothie for
breakfast? Probably you put the switch of the blender on low, then turn to increase
the speed on high. How does the blender actually change to bring to your desired
speed with the same electrical power? The answer rests in Ohm’s Law formulated
by Georg Simon Ohm, a mathematician and physicist (1789-1854) of Erlangen,
Bavaria. Ohm defines the relationship between voltage, electric current, and
electrical resistance. Ohm’s Law states that “ the electric current move along a
conductor is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to the
resistance."

In equation; I = V/R where: I = current in A (Ampere)

V = voltage in v (Volt)
R = resistance Ω (Ohm)

The formula can also be written in order to calculate for the voltage and resistance:

V = IR and R = V/I

10
Applying the formula...

Sample Problem 1
A table lamp has a resistance of 180Ω when lighted. How much current will flow
through it when connected across 220 V?
Given:
R = 180 Ω
V = 220 V
Unknown: Current I
From Ohm’s Law: I = V/R
Solution: I = 220 V/180 Ω= 1.2 A

Sample Problem 2
Certain resistance has 4 A current through it, when a 40 v source is applied. Find the
value of resistance.
Given:
I= 4 A
V= 40 V
Unknown: Resistance
From Ohm’s Law: R =V/I
Solution: R = 40 v/4 A = 10 Ω

11
 What’s More

Independent Activity 1
You Complete Me!
Direction: Complete the table below by supplying the information about Electrical
quantities and Ohm’s law.

Electrical Defining Equation

Quantities Definition Symbol Equation (Ohm’s Law) Units

Voltage Push the V V = W/Q 4. ________ v ( volt)

charges

Current 1. ________ 2. ________ I = Q/t I = V/R A ( ampere)

Impedes the
Resistance flow of R 3. ________ R = V/I 5. ________
charges

Independent Assessment 1
Multiple Choice
Direction: Choose the letter of your answer.
1. Makes the charges move. 4. _____:Voltage: I : Current
A. voltage A. R
B. current B. I
C. resistance C. B
D. impedance D. V
2. Q/t : Current: ______: Resistance
A. V/I 5. Unit used in measuring current.
B.W//Q A. A (ampere)
C. ρL/A B. V (volt)
D. IR C. Ω (ohm)
3. Opposes the flow of current. D. Ωm (ohmmeter)
A. voltage
B. current
C. resistance
D. impedance
12
Independent Activity 2
Resistance vs Length
Let us investigate how length of the conductor affects its resistance.
This activity will demonstrate the relationship of resistance and length of conductor.
The materials that you will need...
3 dry cells Pencil sharpener
Connecting wires and alligator clips Cutter
4 used pencils Ruler
1 bulb socket 1 mini lightbulb

The steps that you will do…

1.Cut and sharpen both ends of the pencils to lengths of 3, 6, 9 and 12 cm
2.Set up your circuit as shown in the figure below.

3. Close the circuit and observe the brightness of the bulb. You could use scale
(0-5) to measure how bright is the bulb by giving zero for no brightness and 5 for
very bright.
4. Connect the 3 cm pencil to your circuit as shown in the figure below.

Disconnect as long as the

TAKE observation is done, because the
CARE battery may discharge easily.

13
5. Observe the brightness of the bulb and record it in the table using the scale 0 to 5.

Length of Pencil (cm) Brightness of the Bulb

0
3
6
9
12

6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 for each one of your pencil.

Answer the following to analyze your results.

1. As the length of the pencil increases, what happens to the brightness of the bulb?
2. What does the brightness of the bulb indicates about the current in the circuit?
3. Do longer pencils have higher or lower resistance?
4. How does resistance affect the brightness of the bulb?
5. How does resistance affect the flow of current in the circuit?
6. Based on your result, what is the relationship of the resistance and the length of the
conductor?
7. Aside from length, what are the other factors that affect the resistance of the
conductor?

Independent Assessment 2
TRUE OR FALSE -Lights On Lights Off
Direction: Determine whether each statement is correct. Encircle the lighted bulb it
the statement is true , otherwise, encircle the unlighted one if the
statement is false.

1. The longer the length of the conductor is, the lesser its resistance.

2. Resistance is directly proportional to the length of the material.

3. Brightness of the bulb indicates the amount of current in the circuit.

4. The brighter the bulb is, the lesser the current it has.

5. Dimmer bulb indicates that the resistance is greater.

14
Independent Activity 3
OHM’S LAW
This activity lets you follow Georg Simon Ohm’s reasoning and explore for yourself
the Ohm’s Law.
A. CURRENT VS RESISTANCE
Objectives:
• Determine the relationship of current and resistance at fixed voltage.
• Construct simple electric circuits;
Materials:
3 varied value of resistors(6,10, and 12Ω)
2 dry cells (1.5 v)
Connecting wires
Alligator clips
1 small light bulb
1 bulb socket

Procedure:
1. Connect the 6Ω resistor and a lightbulb to a two 1.5v dry cell as shown in the
figure below.

2. Close the circuit and observe the brightness of the bulb.

3. Change the 6Ω resistor with 10Ω, then 12Ω respectively .(Observe the brightness
of the bulb everytime you change the value of resistor).

Disconnect as long as the

TAKE observation is done, because the
CARE battery may discharge easily.

Answer the following:

1. When the value of resistor increases , what happens to the brightness of the bulb?
2. What does the brightness of the bulb indicates about the current in the circuit?
3. When resistance increases what happens to the amount of current in the circuit?
4. What is the relationship of current and resistance at fixed voltage?
5. Does your circuit follows Ohm’s Law? Why or why not?

15
B. CURRENT VS VOLTAGE
Objectives:
• Determine the relationship of current and voltage at fixed resistance.
• Construct simple electric circuits;
Materials:
10 Ω resistor
3 dry cells (1.5 v)
Connecting wires
Alligator clips
1 small light bulb
1 bulb socket

Procedure
1. Set up the circuit using 10Ω resistor and one light bulb to 1.5v dry cell as shown in
the figure below.

2. Close the circuit and observe the brightness of the bulb.

3. Change the voltage of the circuit by adding one dry cell one at a time until it
reaches three dry cells.( Observe the brightness of the bulb everytime you add
dry cell one at a time).

Answer the following:

1. When you increase the number of dry cells in the circuit, what happens to the
voltage in the circuit?
2. When the voltage increases what happens to the brightness of the bulb?
3. What does the brightness of the bulb indicates about the current in the circuit?
4. When the voltage increases what happens to the amount of current flows in the
circuit?
5. What is the relationship of current and voltage at fixed resistance?
6. Does you circuit follows Ohm’s Law? Why or why not?

16
Independent Assessment 3
Table Completion
Direction: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate data being asked from each concept in
the table.
Total
Circuit Diagram Voltage (v) Resistance Current (A)

3.0 v 2Ω
1. __________

4.5 v 30 Ω
2. _________

3. __________ 1Ω 1.5 A

4. 1.5 v 3Ω __________

5. ___________ 12 Ω 0.375A

17
 What I Have Learned

To check your understanding…

Directions: Fill in the blanks to complete the statements below.
1. Voltage, also known as _____________ is the amount of potential energy between two
point charges on a circuit.
2. Voltage is equal to the work that needed to be done per unit __________ against the
electric field to move the charge from one point to another.
3. ___________ is the measure of the quantity of charges moving through a conductor
per unit time.
4. The movement of water through the pipe of the water tank resembles the ________
through the conductor.
5. If a charge is transported through a wire in time, then the current through the wire can
be calculated using the equation __________.
6. ___________ is the quantity that measures the opposition offered by the material to
the flow of electric current.
7. There are four different factors which affect the resistance of the conductor: the kind of
the material; its length, _____________ and the temperature of the material.
8. George Simon Ohm formulated the ____________ which defines the relationship
between voltage, current and resistance.
9. Ohm’s Law states that “the electric current move along a conductor is
_________________ to voltage and inversely proportinal to the resistance.
10. Ohm’s Law can be expressed in equation V= ______.

What I Can Do

Provide explanation on the following applying Ohm’s Law.

1. A bird perch harmlessly on a high voltage wire.

2. Electric fan and other appliances at home.

18
 Assessment

A. Multiple choice.
Direction: Choose the best answer.
1. The pressure that moves the electrons in a close circuit is called:
A. Coulomb
B. voltage
C. current
D. resistance
2. If an electric circuit resembles a water tank with a pipe extended through the bottom,
the voltage would be analogous to the water:
A. pressure at the bottom
B. flowing through the pipe
C. level of the tank
D. pump
3. Four conductors made of the same materials but are different sizes. Identify one
with the lowest resistance.

A. C.

B. D.

4. The electrical quantity denoting the movement of charge in a conductor is:

A. electric potential
B. voltage
C. resistance
D. current
5. An electric current of 10 A is the same as:
A. 10 J/C C. 10 V/s
B. 10 C/s D. 10 C s

6. The resistance of a wire is mΩ. The wire is stretched to double its length , then the
resistance becomes:
A. 2m B. m/2 C. 4m D. m/4

19
 7. The relationship of voltage and current at constant resistance is stated as:
A. voltage and current are both variables
B. voltage is inversely proportional to current
C. voltage is directly proportional to current
D. none of the above
8. Betina is doing an activity on DC circuit. She wishes to double the voltage in the
circuit and reduce the resistance in half. The current will become:
A. two times as much
B. four times as much
C. half as much
D. no significant change

9. The defining equation of Ohm’s Law is :

A. V = I/R
B. V = 2IR
C. V = IR
D. V = WR
10. Ohm’s law describes the mathematical relationship between:
A. voltage and volt
B. resistance and ohms
C. current and ampere
D. current, votage, and resistance
B. Problem Solving:
Direction: Solve the following problems.
1. The work done in moving 12 C of charge across the cell is 108 J. Find the potential
difference between two terminals of the cell.

2. A charge of 20 C passes through the wire in one minute. What is the amount of
current flows through the wire?

3. A metal rod is 4 m long and has a cross-sectional area of 6.36 X 10-5 m2 . Compute its
resistance if the resistivity of the metal is 1.76 X 10-8 Ωm.

4. Compute the current given a DC voltage source delivering 6 V and resistance

of 30 Ω.

5. An ammeter is connected in series with unknown resistance and a voltmeter across

its terminals. If the ammeter reads 2 A and the voltmeter reads 24 V, calculate the
value of the resistance.

20
 Additional Activities

Direction: Arrange the following circuits to increasing current.

Circuit # 2
Circuit # 1

Circuit # 3
Circuit # 4

Circuit # 5

Answer:
Circuit # ____ ____ ____ ____ ____

21
 22
What I Know Independent Activity 1
A. Multiple Choice 1. Amount of charges flowing in the conductor.
1. C 2. I
2. B 3. R = ρL/A
3. A 4. V = IR
4. C
5. Ω (ohm)
5. D
6. D
Independent Assessment 1
7. A
1. A
8. A
2. C
9. A
3. C
10. A
4. D
5. A
B. Problem Solving
1. B. 10v Independent Activity 2
2. A. 3A 1. The brightness of the bulb decreases
3. D. 2Ω 2. The brightness of the bulb indicates the amount of
4. A. 120v current in the circuit. (If the bulb glows brighter, that
means current is greater in the circuit.)
5. C. 0.3A
3. Longer pencils have higher resistance.
What’s In 4. If there is greater resistance there is lesser current
flows in the circuit, therefore brightness is lesser too.
1. workplace
5.There is greater resistance, there is lesser current.
2. barehands
6. Resistance is directly proportional to the length of the
3. wires
conductor.
4. overload
7.Cross-sectional area, kind of material, and
5. wear temperature.
Independent Assessment 2
What’s New
1.
1.Electric Current
2.
2. Voltage
3.
3. Electric current
4.
4. Voltage
5.
5. Resistance
Answer Key
 23
Independent Activity 3 What can I do
1. The resistance per unit length is very low in
A.
the long distance electricity cable used for
1. The brightness of the bulb decreases. power transmission. The bird’s feet perch in
the cable wire is very small, that even for
2. The brightness of the bulb indicates the amount of
large currents, the voltage is not danger-
current in the circuit. (If the bulb glows dimmer, that ous at all.
means there is less current flows in the circuit.)
3. When the resistance increases, the amount of current 2. The current flowing through the electric fan
in the circuit decreases. is controlled by changing the resistance
through the regulator. Setting the electric fan
4. Current is inversely proportional to resistance at fixed to low, for instance, means making the
voltage. current flow lesser at fixed power source from
the wall outlet.
5. Yes, because current flows relatively in the circuit as
indicated by the brightness of the bulb. When the
resistance increases, the current decreases when
voltage is constant. Assessment
A. B.
B.
6. A 1. 9 v
1. The voltage increases. 1. B
2. 0.33 A
2. The brightness of the bulb increases. 2. A 7. C
3. 1.11 X 10-3 Ω
3. The brightness of the bulb indicates the amount of 3. A 8. B
4. 0.2 A
current in the circuit. (If the bulb glows brighter, that
4. D 9. C 5. 12 Ω
means current is greater in the circuit.)
5. B 10. D
4. Current is directly proportional to voltage at fixed
resistance
5. Yes, because the current flows relatively in the circuit as
indicated by the brightness of the bulb. When voltage
increases, the current also increases when resistance is
constant.
Additional Activity
2 4 5 1 3
Independent Assessment 3
1. 1.5A
2. 0.15A
3. 1.5v
4. 0.5A
5. 4.5v
What I Have Learned
1. electromotive force (emf) 6. Resistance
2. charge 7. cross-sectional area
3. current 8. Ohm’s Law
4. current 9. directly proportional
5. I = Q/t 10. IR
 References

Johnson, Lee. “Voltage vs Current: What are the Similarities & Differences?”. 1655 26th St
Santa Monica, CA 90404: SCIENCING by Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media,
(2020) https://sciencing.com/voltage-vs-current-what-are-the-similarities-differences
-13721181.html
Finio, Ben, Science Buddies .”Pencil Resistors “. Science Buddies Sobrato Center for Non
profits 560 Valley Way Milpitas, CA 95035: Science Buddies (June 23, 2020)https://
www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project-ideas/Elec_p013/electricity-
electronics/pencil-resistor#summary
CTAYLOR. “ Voltage, Current, Resistance, and Ohm's Law”. 6333 Dry Creek Parkway,
Niwot, Colorado 80503: sparkfun, (2013) https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/voltage
-current-resistance-and-ohms-law?_ga=2.229527263.29444318.1594267790-
1707674667.1594267790
Bueche, Frederick J. Schaum’s Outline Series: “Theory And Problems Of College Physics
7/ed”. New York : McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY (1923) pages 189—194
Gibilisco, Stan. “Teach Yourself Electricity and Electronics 4th Edition”. New York:
McGraw-Hill Book Company, (2007) pages 55—268

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