Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SPARK YOUR
INTEREST
This Episode 1 provides an opportunity for students to examine and reflect
on a school environment that promotes learning and development.
3. As a basic part of the school’s visual environment, display boards have four
general purposes:
Decorative- They offer visual stimulation and appeal to aesthetics.
They set the social and psychological atmosphere of the school.
Motivational- They encourage students to perform better and have
greater confidence. An example would be the display of students’
outputs that show that each output is recognized and valued. The
bulletin board help celebrate the learners’ growth and progress.
Informational- They are used as a strategy to readily disseminate
information.
Instructional- They move students to respond and participate through
interactive displays. They get students to think about and
communicate their learnings.
4. The set of criteria for evaluating bulletin board displays includes effective
communication, attractiveness, balance, unity, interactivity, legibility, correctness,
and durability.
OBSERVE
Will it contribute
to the students’
Facilities / Description learning and
development?
Why?
Library
Counseling Room
Canteen Cafeteria
Medical Clinic
Audio Visual/
Learning Resource
Center
Science Laboratory
Gymnasium
Auditorium
Outdoor/ Garden
Home Economics
Room
Industrial
Workshop Area
PTA Office
Comfort Room for
Boys
Others
(Please Specify)
An Observation Guide for the CLASSROOM VISIT
Read the following statement carefully. Then write your observation report on the
space provided.
Guide Question Classroom Observation Report
1. Describe the community or
neighborhood where the
school is found.
1. Wall Display
2. Teacher’s Table
3. Learner’s Desk
4. Blackboard
5. Learning Materials/
Visual Aids.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Write your observation report here.
How do the school campus and the classroom in particular impact the learning of
the students going to school? What are your conclusions?
How does this relate to your knowledge of child and adolescent development/ How
does tips this relate to your knowledge of facilitating learning?
REFLECT
1. Would you like to teach in the school environment you just observed?
Why? and Why not?
As you look around and examine board display, use the observation guide
and forms provided for you to document your observation.
2) Where are the display boards found? Are they in places where target
viewers can see them?
3) What are the displays about? What key messages do they convey? What
images and colors do you see? How are the pieces of information and
images arranged?
4) What materials were used in making the displays? Are borders used?
7) Think about what got your attention. Why did I get your attention?
Observation REPORT
(You may paste pictures of the Board displays here.)
From among the board display that you saw, pick one that you got most interested
in. Evaluate it using the evaluation from below.
BOARD DISPLAYS EVALUATION FORM1
Topic of the Board Display
Location of the Board Display in School
Check the column that indicates your rating. Write comments to back
up your ratings.
Effective
Communication
It conveys the message
quickly and clearly.
Attractiveness
Colors and arrangement
catch and hold interest
Balance
Objects are arranged so
stability is perceived.
Unity
Repeated shapes or
colors or use of boarders
hold display together.
Interactivity
The style and approach
entice learners to be
involved and engage.
Legibility
Letters and illustrations
can be seen from a good
distance
Correctness
It is free from grammar
errors, misspelled
words, and ambiguity.
Durability
It is well- constructed;
items are secretly
attached.
Bulletin Board Evaluated by:
Location:
Brief Description of the Bulletin Board:
Evaluation
Strengths Weaknesses
Description of the
Bulletin Board layout
Evaluation of educational
content and other aspects
Based on your suggestions, make your board display lay- out. You may present your
outputs through any of these:
A hand- made drawing or layout
And electronic (computer) drawing/ illustration or layout
A collage
ANALYZE
What do you think was the purpose of the board display?
Did the board display design reflect the likes/ interest of its target audience? Why?
Why not?
Was the language used clear and simple for the target audience to understand?
Why? Why not?
Board Title:
Rationale:
(Purpose)
Objectives:
Content Resources (Name each needed resource and give each a brief
description):
REFLECT
1) Name at least five skills that a teacher should have to be able to come up
with effective board displays. Elaborate on why each skill is needed.
2) Which of the skills you named in #1 do you already have? Recall your past
experience in making board displays. How do you practice these skills?
3) Which skills do you still need to develop? What concrete steps will you take
on how you can improve on or acquire these skills.
4. Examine the bulletin board display. This bulletin board fulfills which
primary purpose?
A. Instructional- interactive
B. Informational
C. Motivational
D. Decorative
5. Examine the bulletin board display. This bulletin board fulfils which
primary purpose?
A. Instructional- interactive
B. Informational
C. Motivational
D. Decorative
6. Examine the bulletin board display. This bulletin board fulfils which
primary purpose?
A. Instructional- interactive
B. Informational
C. Motivational
D. Decorative
Learner Diversity:
FS 1 2 Developmental
Characteristic, Needs and
Interests
SPARK YOUR
INTEREST
Episode 2 provides me with an opportunity to observe learners of different
ages and grade levels. It highlights the differences in their characteristics and needs.
As a future teacher, it is important for me to determine my learners’ characteristics
and needs so that I will be able to plan and implement learning activities and
assessment that are all developmentally appropriate.
OBSERVE
Use the observation guide and matrices provided for you to document
your observations.
An Observation Guide for the Learners’ Characteristics
Read the following statements carefully. Then write your observation report on
the provided space. Your teacher may also recommend another observation
checklist if a more detailed observation is preferred.
Physical
1. Observe their motor skills how they carry themselves, how they move, walk,
run, go up the stairs, etc.
2. Are gross movements clumsy or deliberate/smooth?
3. How about their motor skills? Writing, drawing, etc.
Social
1. Describe how they interact with teachers and other adults.
2. Note how they also interact with peers. What do they talk about? What are
their concerns?
Emotional
1. Describe the emotional disposition or temperament of the learners. (happy,
sad, easily cries, mood-shifts)
2. How do they express their wants/needs? Can they wait?
3. How do they handle frustrations?
4. Describe their level of confidence as shown in their behavior. Are they self-
conscious?
Cognitive
1. Describe their ability to use words to communicate their ideas. Note their
language proficiency.
2. Describe how they figure out things. Do they comprehend easily? Look for
evidence of their thinking skills.
3. Were there opportunities for problem solving? Describe how they showed
problem solving abilities.
Fine-motor skills
Self-help skills
Others
Social
Interaction with
Teachers
Interactions with
Classmates/friends
Interests
Others
Emotional
Moods and
temperament,
expression of
feelings
Emotional
independence
Others
Cognitive
Communication
skills
Thinking skills
Problem-solving
Others
ANALYZE
Write the most salient developmental characteristics of the learners you observed.
Based on these characteristics, think of implications for the teacher.
Example:
Level Salient Characteristics Implications to the
Observed Teaching-Learning Process
Preschool
Age range of learners
observed ______
Elementary
Age range of learners
observed _______
High School
Age range of learners
observed _______
REFLECT
1. While you were observing the learners, did you recall your own
experiences when you were their age? What similarities or differences do
you have with the learners you observed?
2. Think of a teacher you cannot forget for positive or negative reasons. How
did she/he help or not help you with your needs (physical, emotional, social,
and cognitive)? How did it affect you?
3. Share your other insights here.
Directions: Read the items given below and encircle the correct answer.
1. A 14-year-old felt ignored by her crush whom she believes is her one true
love.
She is crying incessantly and refuses to listen and accept sound advice that
the teacher is offering. Her refusal to accept is because
_____________________________.
A. She thinks what she feels is too special and unique, that no one has left
like this before
B. The teenager’s favorite word is “no” and she will simply reject
everything the teacher says
C. 14-year-olds are not yet capable of perspective taking and cannot take
the teacher’s perspective
D. Teenagers never listen to adult advice
2. A preschool teacher is thinking about how best to develop the fine motor
skills of the 4-year-olds. Which of the following should he best consider?
A. Provide daily coloring book activities.
B. Ask the children to do repeated writing drills everyday.
C. Encourage children to eat independently.
D. Conduct a variety of fun and challenging activities involving hand
muscles daily.
3. Science Teacher Rita showed her class a glass of water with an egg in it.
She asked the class: “What happen to the egg if I add three- tablespoon salt
to the glass of the water?” this is hypothesis formulation. What can you
infer about cognitive developmental stage of Teacher Rita’s class?
A. Formal operational stage
B. Concrete operational stage
C. Pre-operational stage
D. Between concrete and formal operational stage
Which is your favorite theory of development. How can this guide you as a
future teachers? Clip some readings about this theory and paste them here.
EVALUATE Performance Task
Evaluate Your Work Field Study 1. Episode 2. Learner Diversity: Development
Characteristics, Needs, and Interest
Learning Outcome: Determining the characteristics of a school environment that
provides social, psychological and physical environment
supportive of learning.
Name of FS Student __________________________________________ Date Submitted_____________
Year and Section __________________________________ Course__________________________________
SPARK YOUR
INTEREST
Episode 3 provides an opportunity to observe how differences in gender,
racial, cultural, and religious backgrounds, including coming from indigenous
groups influence learner behavior, interaction, and performance in school. One will
also analyze and reflect on practices that teachers use in leveraging diversity in the
classroom. It also provides an opportunity to observe how differences in abilities
affect interaction in school and learn about strategies that teachers use in
addressing the learners’ needs toward effective teaching and learning.
2. The PPST highlighted the following factors that bring about the diversity of
learners:
a. Differences in learners’ gender, needs, strengths, interests, and
experiences
b. Learners’ linguistic, cultural, socio-economic and religious
backgrounds
c. Learners with disabilities, giftedness, and talents
d. Learners under challenging circumstances which include
geographic isolation, chronic illness, displacement due to armed
conflict, urban resettlement or disaster, child abuse and child labor.
Effective teachers are knowledgeable about how issues related to the factors
mentioned affect learners. The teachers develop in them sensitivity and empathy.
They remember that the learners respond and perform at different levels. The
teachers assure the students that their gender identity, culture and religion are
respected, their strengths are recognized, and their needs will be met. These
teachers declare to all that everyone has the chance to learn and succeed. They
create a learning community where everyone can work together and contribute
regardless of their abilities, capacities and circumstances.
Teachers who celebrate and leverage student diversity in the classroom:
Use strategies to build a caring community in the classroom
Model respect and acceptance of different cultures and religions
Bring each of the student’s home culture and language into the shared
culture of the school
Provide more opportunities for cooperation than competition
OBSERVE
Read the following carefully before you begin to observe. Then write your
observation report on the space provided on the next page.
1. Find out the number of students. Gender data as their ages, gender, racial groups,
religious, and ethnic backgrounds.
During class:
1. How much interaction is there in the classroom? Describe how the students
interact with one another and with the teachers. Are there groups that interact
more with the teacher than others.
2. Observe the learners seated at the back and the front part of the room. Do they
behave and interact differently?
3. Describe the relationship among the learners. Do the learners cooperative with or
compete against each other?
4. Who among the students participate actively? Who among them ask for most
help?
5. When a student is called and cannot answer the teacher’s question, do the
classmates try to help him? Or do they raise their hands, so that the teacher will
call them instead?
Outside class:
1. How do the students group themselves outside class? Homogeneously, by age? By
gender? By racial or ethnic groups? By their interests? Or are the students in
mixed social groupings? If so, describe the groupings.
2. Notice students who are alone and those who are not interacting. Describe their
behavior.
Interview the teachers and ask about their experience about learners in difficult
circumstances. Request them to describe these circumstances and how it has affected the
learners. Ask about the strategies they use to help these learners cope.
Ask the teachers about strategies they apply to address the needs of diverse students due
to following factors:
Gender, including LGBT
Language and cultural differences
Differences in religion
Socio-economic status
OBSERVATION REPORT
Name of the School Observed: _______________________________________________________________
ANALYZE
1. Identify the person who play key roles in the relationships and interactions
in the classrooms. What roles do they play? Is there somebody who appears
to be the leader, a mascot/joker, an attention seeker, a little teacher, a
doubter/pessimist?
What makes the learners assume these roles? What factors affect their
behavior?
2. Is there anyone you observed who appear left out? Are students who appear
“different?” Why do they appear different? Are they accepted or rejected by
the others? How is this shown?
What does the teacher do to address issues like this?
3. What does the teacher influence the class interaction considering the
individual differences of the students?
4. What strategies does the teacher use to maximize the benefits of diversity in
the classroom? How does the teacher leverage diversity?
REFLECT
1. How did you feel being in the classroom? Did you feel a sense of oneness
or unity among the learners and between the teacher and the learne
To realize the Intended Learning Outcomes, I will work your way through these
steps.
1. Observe at least two of these classes.
a. SPED class with learners with intellectual disabilities
b. SPED class with learners with physical disabilities
c. SPED class for the gifted and talented
d. A regular class with inclusion of learners with disabilities
2. Note the needs of the learners that the teachers should address.
3. Interview the teachers to find out more about the learners.
4. Write your observation report
5. Analyze your observation data
6. Reflect on your experience.
OBSERVE
Read the following carefully before you begin to observe. Then write your
observation report on the space provided.
2. Describe the differences in ability levels of the students in the class? What
practices or strategies are done or should be done to differentiate instruction
to meet the needs of the learners.
REFLECT
1. Recall the time when you were in elementary or high school. Recall the high
and low achievers in your class. How did your teacher deal with differences
in abilities? Was your teacher effective?
2. What dispositions and traits will you need as a future teacher to meet the
needs of the learners?
OBSERVE
Read the following carefully before you begin to observe. Then write your
observation report on the space provided.
If you are observe, read watching videos you searched, instead of actually visiting
a school, have these question in mind as you are watching the videos. You can try
to get in touch with the creator of the videos and interview them too.
1. Before you observe, read about the specific IP group in the school you will visit.
Know their norms and customary greetings. This will help you help blend in the
school community and interact with respect.
2. Observe and note the different parts areas of the school environment. How are
learning spaces arranged?
3. What activities do they do in these different areas of the school?
4. Who are the people who manage the school? Who are involved in teaching the
learners?
5. Observe how the teaching-learning process happen. Describe the learning
activities they have and the teaching strategies that the teachers uses.
6. Describe the interaction that is taking place between the teacher and learners,
among the teachers, and in the school in general.
7. What instructional materials and learning resources are they using?
8. Interview the teacher and principal about the curriculum. Find out the
curriculum goals. You can use the questions found on the Analysis part of this
activity.
OBSERVATION REPORT
(You may include photos here.)
8. Is cultural sensitivity to
uphold culture, beliefs and
practices, observed and
applied in the development
and use of instructional
materials and learning
resources? How? (For
example, culture bearers of
the indigenous peoples are
consulted)
9. Do assessment practices
consider community values
and culture? How?
REFLECT
Directions: Read the items given below and encircle the correct answer
1. Which statement on student diversity is CORRECT?
A. The teacher must do his/her best to reduce student diversity in class.
B. The less the diversity of students in class, the better for the teacher
and students.
C. The teacher should accept and value diversity.
D. Student diversity is purely due to student’s varied cultures.
2. Which student thinking/ behavior indicates that he/she values diversity?
A. He/She regards his culture as superior to other’s cultures.
B. He/She regards his culture as inferior to other’s cultures.
C. He/She accepts the fact that all people are unique in their own way.
D. He/She emphasizes he differences among people and disregards their
commonalities.
3. What is teaching-learning implications of student diversity?
A. Compare students.
B. Make use of a variety of teaching and assessment methods and
activities.
C. Do homogenous grouping for group activities.
D. Develop different standards for different students groups.
4. All are features of the Indigenous People Education Curriculum, EXCEPT
A. Affirms and strengthen indigenous cultural identity
B. Makes education exclusive to the indigenous culture
C. Revitalizes, generates and enriches IKSPS and indigenous languages
D. Anchor the learning context on the ancestral domain, the community’s
world view, and its indigenous cultural institutions.
5. All are best practices in using learning resources for indigenous learners,
EXCEPT ______
A. Culturally generated learning resources only include indigenous
group’s artifacts, stories, dances, songs, and musical instruments.
B. The language used in instructional materials, especially in primary
years, which highlight mother tongue, is consulted with the
indigenous community.
C. Cultural sensitivity and protocols are observed in development and
use of instructional materials.
D. The indigenous community’s property rights are upheld in publishing
learning resources.
6. All are best practices for assessment in the Indigenous Peoples Education
Framework EXCEPT. ___________
A. Including the practice of competencies in actual community and
family situations
B. Applying higher-order thinking skills and integrative understanding
across subject areas.
C. Using international context in the assessment standards and content
faithfully without modification.
D. Including community-generated assessment processes that are part of
indigenous learning system.
7. Read the following comments by the teacher. Which of these comments will
most likely make a child try harder, rather than give up?
A. Sinuwerte ka ngayon ditto sa test, ha?
B. Hindi ka talaga mgaling dito sa paksang ito,’no?
C. Nakikita ko na kailangan momg maglaan ng mas mahabang panahon
sa paksang ito para lubos mong maunawaan ito.
D. Nahihirapan ka sa paksang ito. Maari kitang tulungan.
8. Which of the following demonstrate differentiated instruction?
A. The teacher groups the learners by their ability level and makes the
groups work with the same topic but assign a different task
appropriate for each group accomplish.
B. The teacher divides the class inti three heterogeneous groups and
assigns the same activity for each group to work on
C. The teacher groups the learners by the ability levels and assigns
different contents topics for the groups to work on.
D. The teacher groups the learners by the ability levels and assigns each
group a different tasks on the same topic, and then request three
different teacher, each to assess one of the groups.
9. Which teaching practices gives primary consideration to individual
differences?
A. Allowing children to show that they learned the stages of mitosis in a
way where they feel most comfortable.
B. Allowing children to show that they learned the stages of mitosis in a
way where they feel most comfortable except by lecturing.
C. Preparing two different sets of examination, one for the learners and
another for the slow learners.
D. Applying two sets of different standards.
Episode 4 provides opportunities for you to have a more in-depth look into
the factors that affect the development of a learner. Focus will be on the early
experiences and characteristics of the learner as described by the family and other
significant others. You will also focus how the teacher links with the community to
maximize the learning and development of students.
The model helps the teacher look into every aspects in the learner’s
environment to understand his behavior. The teacher’s important role is not to
replace what is missing at home (if any), but to work so that the school becomes an
environment that welcomes and nurtures families. The teacher works to create a
partnership with the family and the community to bring out the best in every
learner.
Authoritarian. Parents are very firm with their children and except
unwavering and unquestioning obedience. Rules are set by parents and
misbehavior is met with withdrawal of affection, physical punishment or
threats.
Permisive. Parents are not firm or controlling. They have few
expectations. Maybe warm and caring but appear to be involved and
uninterested.
Rejecting-Neglecting. Parents are disengaged from children. Neither
demanding nor responsive to children. Provide no structure, supervision,
support or guidance.
Authoritative. Parents achieve a good blend. They are firm yet loving.
Have clear and reasonable expectations and limits for their children. Treat
children with respect and warmth. Make children understand consequence
of their behavior.
Children of:
Authoritarian Parents: are often unhappy, fearful, withdrawn,
inhibited, hostile, and aggressive. They have low self-esteem and difficulty
with peers.
Permisive Parents: believe that their parents do not care for them.
They are often impulsive, aggressive and lack self-control; may they have low
levels of independence and responsibility.
Rejecting-Neglecting Parents: are found to be least competent in their
over-all functioning and adjustment.
Authoritative Parents: are socially competent, self-reliant, and have
greater ability to show self-control. They have higher self-esteem and are
better adjusted.
-Bases on Child Development by Santrock, 2004.
OBSERVE, ANALYZE, REFLECT
Activity 4.1
Observing the learner’s community and home environment
OBSERVE
Family Profile
Number of Siblings:____________
Birth Order:____________________
Parent
Mother:_________________________________
Age:________________
Occupation:_____________________________ Educational Attainment:____________________
Father:___________________________________
Occupation:_______________________________ Educational Attainment:____________________
Physical Development
In paragraph form, describe the physical development of the learner. Combine
the teacher’s, parents’ responses and your own observation.
Social Development
In paragraph form, describe the social development of the learner. Combine the
teacher’s, parents’ responses and your own observation.
Emotional-Moral Development
In paragraph form, describe the emotional-moral development of the learner.
Combine the teacher’s, parents’ responses and your own observation.
Cognitive Development
In paragraph form, describe the cognitive development of the learner. Combine
the teacher’s, parents’ responses and your own observation.
Findings
Write here your salient findings about the learner.
Conclusions
Write your conclusions after you have analyzed the impact of the school and the
home on the learner’s development. The questions in the Your Analysis portion of
this learning episode can help you.
Recommendations
Write your recommendation.
ANALYZE
Your findings and recommendations in the Learner Development
Profile will help you answer the questions here.
1. From your home visit and interview, what do you think is the style of
parenting experienced by the learner? Explain your answer.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. Relating your data with what you learned from child development,
what family factors do you think contribute to the development and
over-all adjustment of the learner in school?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. Does the communication between the home-school have an effect on
the learner? If yes, what are these effects?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. How can the teacher partner with the community to contribute to the
development and learning of the student? Who are the people or
which institutions can the teacher tap to seek advice regarding the
development and learning of students.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
REFLECT
Directions: Read the items given below and encircle the correct answer.
1. Which are most likely the kind of children raised by authoritarian
parents?
I. fearful
II. inhibited
III. hostile
IV. withdrawn
Then,
SHOW YOUR LEARNING ARTIFACTS write a few
statements
on the
space
below
school
your visual
art.
Stick
With
Acrostic…
2. Make a
reflection
acrostic
about the
home,
school and
community
link.
1.
2.
C-
H- O-
O- M-
M- M-
E- U-
N-
S- I-
C- T-
H- Y-
O-
O- L-
L- I-
N-
K-
Evaluate Your Work Field Study 1. Episode 1. Learner Diversity: The Community
and Home Environment.
Learning Outcome: Describe the influencing factors in the home environment that
affect the students’ learning; seek advice concerning strategies that build
relationship with parents/guardian and the wider community (6.2.1); and identify
effective strategies on how teachers can work together with the family.
Name of FS Student ______________________________________ Date Submitted_____________
Year and Section_______________________________Course__________________________________
ANALYZE
Your findings and recommendations in the Learner Development
Profile will help you answer the questions here.
1. From your home visit and interview, what do you think is the style of
parenting experienced by the learner? Explain your answer.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. Relating your data with what you learned from child development,
what family factors do you think contribute to the development and
over-all adjustment of the learner in school?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. Does the communication between the home-school have an effect on
the learner? If yes, what are these effects?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
REFLECT