Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

Pre-Calculus

Quarter 1 Week 2 Module 2

Learning Competency:1. Define parabola.

2. Graph the parabola given in vertex form.

1
HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Before you start answering the module, I want you to set aside other
tasks that will disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple
instructions below to successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!

1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every

page of this module.
2. Write on your notebook or any writing pad the concepts about the
lessons. Writing enhances learning, that is important to develop and
keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

Parts of the Module

 Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing
the lessons in the module.
 Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to
be mastered throughout the lesson.
 Looking Back - This section will measure what learnings and skills that
you understand from the previous lesson.
 Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
 Activities - These are activities designed to develop critical thinking
and other competencies. This can be done with or without
a partner depending on the nature of the activity.
 Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of
the lessons.
 Checking your Understanding - It will verify how you learned from the
lesson.
 Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the
entire module.

2
 EXPECTATIONS
Lesson 2  Define parabola
 Graph the parabola given an
equation in vertex form.

PRE-ASSESSMENT

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. A conic that consists all points in the plane equidistant from a fixed point
called focus F and a fixed line l called directrix, not containing F.
a. circle c. hyperbola
b. parabola d. ellipse

2. The opening of the parabola given by the equation y = −(𝑥 − 3)2 − 5.

a. upward c. to the right
b. downward d. to the left

3. The graph of a parabola that has a line of symmetry y= -4.

a. c.

b. d.

4. The equivalent vertex form of the equation x = 𝑦 2 + 4y − 10 is ______

a. x = (𝑦 + 2)2 − 14 c. x = (𝑦 − 2)2 − 14
b. x = (𝑦 + 2)2 + 14 d. x = (𝑦 − 2)2 + 14

5. The coordinates of the vertex of the parabola that is represented by the

equation x = −𝑦 2 − 10.
a. (0, 10) c. (0, −10)
b. (10, 0) d. (−10, 0)

6. Find the value of k if the point (0, -3) is on the graph of x = 3𝑦 2 + ky.
a. 3 c. 9
b. -3 d. -9

3
7. The coordinates of the vertex of the parabola that is represented by the
equation (𝑥 + 1)2 = 𝑦 + 4.
a. (1, −4) c. (−1, 4)
b. (−1, −4) d. (1, −4)

8. The length of the latus rectum of the parabola represented by the

equation y = 4𝑥 2 .
a. 2 units c. ½ unit
b. 4 units d. 1 unit

9. The graph of the parabola represented by the equation x = −(𝑦 − 5)2 + 3.

a. c.

b. d.

10. The equation of the directrix of the parabola given by the equation
x = −16𝑦 2 .
a. 𝑦 = 4 c. 𝑥 = 4
b. 𝑦 = −4 d. 𝑥 = −4

BRIEF INTRODUCTION
You studied quadratic functions of the form 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 in junior
high school and found out that by completing the square, you can rewrite the
equation in the vertex form 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘.
This module will help you identify some important parts of the graph of
a parabola like the vertex, line of symmetry, latus rectum, directrix, focus
using the vertex form. You will also learn how to graph parabola with ease. So
good luck, stay focus and enjoy the different activities that were prepared just
for you!

4
 LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

QUADRATIC FUNCTION
A function of the form 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 is a quadratic function, where
𝑎, 𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 are real numbers 𝑎 ≠ 0.

VERTEX FORM OF A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

A quadratic function of the form 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 can be transformed in the
vertex form using completing the square.
Below are the steps on how the completing the square is performed in the
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐.
𝑏 𝑏 2 𝑏 2
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 𝑎 (𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + ( ) ) + (𝑐 − 𝑎 ( ) )
𝑎 2𝑎 2𝑎
2 2
𝑏 𝑏
= 𝑎 (𝑥 + ) + (𝑐 − )
2𝑎 4𝑎
𝑏 2 4𝑎𝑐 − 𝑏2
= 𝑎 (𝑥 + ) + ( )
2𝑎 4𝑎

So, if 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 can be written in the vertex form 𝑦 = 𝑎 (𝑥 − ℎ)2 +

𝑘 , then
𝑏 4𝑎𝑐 − 𝑏2
ℎ = − 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑘 =
𝑎 4𝑎

VERTEX OF A QUADRATIC FUNCTION

The point (ℎ , 𝑘) the parabola which is the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑎 (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘
𝑏 4𝑎𝑐 − 𝑏2
is the vertex, where ℎ = − 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑘 = .
𝑎 4𝑎

ACTIVITY 1 How Low Can You Get…How High Can You Get?
Description: This activity will enable you to review the vertex of a parabola.
Direction: Determine the highest and lowest value of each function by
identifying the y-coordinate of the vertex.
1. y = 𝑥 2 + 3x − 6
2. y = −𝑥 2 − 5x + 7
3. y = −3(𝑥 − 5)2 + 2
4. y = (𝑥 + 1)2 − 3
5. y = −(𝑥 − 7)2 − 11

5
 LESSON 2- Parabola
2.1 DEFINITION OF A PARABOLA
A parabola is the set of all points in the plane equidistant from a fixed
point F and a fixed line l not containing F. Refer to the figure below.

The point F in the definition above is called the focus of the parabola
and the line L is its directrix. In this lesson line l is either horizontal or vertical.

Parts of the Parabola

Consider the parabola with focus F and directrix l.

The line through F perpendicular to l is called the axis of symmetry, or
simply axis, of the parabola. The axis of symmetry divides the parabola into
two parts and these parts are mirror images. There is exactly one point of the
parabola that lies on the axis of symmetry. It is called the vertex of the
parabola. We can see from the definition of the parabola that the vertex is
equidistant from the focus F and the directrix L. The distance from the vertex
to the focus (or directrix) is called the focal distance (a). The latus rectum is a
segment containing the focus, with endpoints on the parabola and
perpendicular to the axis of symmetry. The length of the latus rectum is 4a.
Using the distance formula to form the equation of the parabola:
PQ = PF
√(−𝑥 − 0) + (𝑦 − 𝑎)2 = √(−𝑥 + 𝑥)2 + (𝑦 + 𝑎)2
2

6
 √(−𝑥)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑎)2 = √(𝑦 + 𝑎)2
(−𝑥)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑎)2 = (𝑦 + 𝑎)2
𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑎𝑦  +  𝑎2 = 𝑦 2 + 2𝑎𝑦  +  𝑎2 =  4𝑎𝑦
2 2

The standard form of an equation of a parabola with vertex (0, 0), focus
(0, a), a > 0 and its opening upward is 𝑥 2 =  4ay.

REMEMBER
Standard Form of the Equation of a Parabola with Vertex at the Origin
Focus Equation Parabolas Directrix Axis of
opens Symmetry
(𝑎, 0) 𝑦 2 = 4ax to the right x = −a y=0
(−𝑎, 0) 2
𝑦 = −4ax to the left x = a y=0
(0, 𝑎) 2
𝑥 = 4ay Upward y = −a x=0
(0, −𝑎) 2
𝑥 = −4ay Downward y=a x=0

The table above shows four equations of the parabola in standard form
with vertex at (0,0). If the focus is at (𝑎, 0), the parabola opens to the right and
its equation is 𝑦 2 = 4ax. If the focus is at (−𝑎, 0), the parabola opens to the left
and its equation is 𝑦 2 = −4ax. If, on the other hand, the focus is at (0, 𝑎), the
parabola opens to the upward and its equation is 𝑥 2 = 4ay. The parabola that
opens downward has focus (0, −𝑎) and equation 𝑥 2 = −4ay.
The table also shows the equations of the directrix and the axis of
symmetry of the parabola based on its opening.

EXAMPLE 1
Determine the coordinates of the vertex, axis of symmetry, focal
distance (𝑎), length of latus rectum and endpoints of the latus rectum of the
parabola 𝑥 2 = − 4y. Sketch the graph.

SOLUTION
From the equation 𝑥 2 = − 4y, vertex is at (0, 0), axis of symmetry is given
by the linear equation x = 0 and the focal distance is 2 units. The length of
the latus rectum is 4 units and its endpoints are (−2,   − 1)and(2, −1). The
parabola opens downward.
We use the vertex (0,0), the length the latus rectum which is 4 units and
its endpoints (−2,   − 1) and (2, −1) to graph the parabola.

7
 EXAMPLE 2
Determine the vertex, axis of symmetry, focus, focal distance (𝑎), length
and endpoints of the latus rectum of the parabola 𝑦 2 = 12x. Graph the
parabola.

SOLUTION
From the equation 𝑦 2 = 12x, vertex is
at (0, 0), axis of symmetry is given by the
linear equation y = 0, focus is at (3,0) and
the focal distance is 3 units. The length of
the latus rectum is 12 units and its
endpoints are A(3,   6)andB(3, −6). The
parabola opens to the right. We use the
coordinates of the vertex, endpoints and
length of the latus rectum to graph the
parabola.

EXAMPLE 3
Determine the vertex, axis of symmetry, focal distance (𝑎), focus, length
1
and endpoints of the latus rectum of the parabola 𝑦 2 = − 2 x. Graph the
parabola.

SOLUTION
1
From the equation 𝑦 2 = − 2 x, vertex is at (0, 0), axis of symmetry is given
by the linear equation y = 0, the
1
focal distance is 8 unit and focus
−1
at F ( 8 ,   0). The length of the latus
1
rectum is unit and its endpoints
2
−1 1 −1 −1
are A ( 8 ,   4)  and B ( 8 ,   4 ). The
parabola opens to the left. We use
the coordinates of the vertex,
endpoints and length of the latus
rectum.

EXERCISES 1
Determine the coordinates of the vertex, axis of symmetry, focus, focal
distance (𝑎), length of latus rectum and endpoints of the latus rectum of the
parabola with the given equation. Sketch the graph.
1. 𝑥 2 =  4y
2. 𝑦 2 =  16x
3. 𝑥 2 =   − 8y

8
ACTIVITY 2 Give My Parts
Direction: Choose from inside the box the corresponding parts of the given
graph of a parabola.

The equation of the parabola is 𝟑𝒚𝟐 + 𝟒𝐱 − 𝟐𝟒𝐲 + 𝟒𝟒 = 𝟎.

4 2 2 14 2 10
𝑥=3 (3 , 4) 𝑦=4 (1, 4) (3 , ) (3 , )
3 3

5 1 14 2 10 2
𝑥=3 (3 , 4) 𝑦 = 1 (4, 1) ( 3 , 3) ( 3 , 3)

Parabolas whose vertex is at (𝒉, 𝒌)

We use the distance formula to determine

the equation of the parabola above.

PQ = PF
√(𝑥 − ℎ + 𝑎)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑦)2 = √(𝑥 − ℎ − 𝑎)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2
√(𝑥 − ℎ + 𝑎)2 = √(𝑥 − ℎ − 𝑎)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2
(𝑥 − ℎ + 𝑎)2 = (𝑥 − ℎ − 𝑎)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2
𝑥 2 − 2𝑎ℎ + 2𝑎𝑥 − 2ℎ𝑥  +  𝑎2 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑎ℎ − 2𝑎𝑥 − 2ℎ𝑥  +  𝑎2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2  
4𝑎ℎ − 4𝑎𝑥 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2  
(𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = −4𝑎ℎ + 4𝑎𝑥
(𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 4𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ)

9
 REMEMBER

Equation of a Parabola with Vertex at (𝒉, 𝒌 )

Parabola opens Equation Focus Directrix
Upward 2
(𝑥 − ℎ) = 4a(𝑦 − 𝑘) (ℎ, 𝑘 + 𝑎) y=k−a
Downward (𝑥 − ℎ)2 = −4a(𝑦 − 𝑘) (ℎ, 𝑘 − 𝑎) y=k+a
to the right 2
(𝑦 − ℎ) = 4a(𝑥 − 𝑘) (ℎ + 𝑎, 𝑘) x=h−a
to the left 2
(𝑦 − ℎ) = −4a(𝑥 − 𝑘) (ℎ − 𝑎, 𝑘) x=h+a

The table above summarizes the equations, opening, coordinates of the focus
and the equation of the directrix.

ACTIVITY 3 Find My Pair…

Direction: Match the equation of the parabola to the correct graph.
Equations Graph
1. 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4
2
a.

2. y = −𝑥 2 + 6x b.

3. y = 𝑥 2 − 10x + 29 c.

10
4. x = −𝑦 2 + 2y + 1 d.

5. y = 𝑥 2 e.

f.

EXAMPLE 4
Determine the vertex, focus, focal distance (𝑎), length of latus rectum,
endpoints of the latus rectum and axis of symmetry of the parabola (𝑦 − 1)2 =
8(𝑥 − 4). Graph the parabola.

SOLUTION
From the equation (𝑦 − 1)2 = 8(𝑥 − 4),
vertex is at (4, 1), focal distance is 2 units
and the focus is (6, 1). The length of the
latus rectum is 8 units and its endpoints are
A(6,  5)andB(6, −3). The axis of symmetry is
given by the linear equation y = 1and the
parabola opens to the right. We use the
coordinates of the vertex, endpoints and
length of the latus rectum to graph the
parabola.

11
EXAMPLE 5
Determine the vertex, focal distance (𝑎), focus, length of latus rectum,
endpoints of the latus rectum and axis of symmetry of the parabola (𝑦 − 3)2 =
−12(𝑥 + 4). Graph the parabola.

SOLUTION
From the equation (𝑦 − 3)2 = 12(𝑥 + 4),
vertex is at (-4, 3), focal distance is 3 units
and the focus is (-7, 3). The length of the
latus rectum is 12 units and its endpoints
are A(−4,  9)andB(−4, −3). The axis of
symmetry is given by the linear equation y =
3 and the parabola opens to the right. We use
the coordinates of the vertex, endpoints and
length of the latus rectum to graph the
parabola.
The graph of the parabola (𝑦 − 3)2 = −12(𝑥 + 4) is given below.

EXERCISES 2
Determine the vertex, focus, focal distance (𝑎), length of latus rectum,
endpoints of the latus rectum and axis of symmetry of the parabola with the
given equation. Graph the parabola.
1. (𝑥 − 1)2 = 8(𝑦 − 4)
2. 𝑦 2 = 12(𝑥 − 4)
3. (𝑦 − 3)2 = 2(𝑥 + 4)

EXAMPLE 7
Write an equation of the parabola with vertical axis of symmetry,
vertex at the point (5,1), and passing through the point (1,3).

SOLUTION
Since the axis of symmetry is vertical and the vertex is (5,  1), then the
equation of the parabola is of the form (𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 4a(𝑦 − 𝑘) becomes
(𝑥 − 5)2 = 4a(𝑦 − 1). Using the point (1,  3) to compute for the value of a, we
have (1 − 5)2 = 4a(3 − 1),
(−4)2 = 4a(2),  a = 2. Therefore, the equation of the is (𝑥 − 5)2 = 8 (𝑦 − 1) .

12
 EXERCISES 3
1. Write an equation of the parabola with vertical axis of symmetry, vertex at
the point (0, −4), and passing through the point (1, −1).
2. Write an equation of the parabola with horizontal axis of symmetry, vertex
at the point (−3, 1), and passing through the point (1/2, 4).

CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

I. State the direction in which the parabola opens.
1. x − 5 = (𝑦 − 3)2
2. x − 7 = −(𝑦 − 5)2
3. y + 3 = −2(𝑥 + 2)2
4. x + 1 = (𝑦 − 4)2
5. −𝑥 2 + 2x + y − 5 = 0
6. 2𝑥 2 + 3x + y + 1 = 0
7. 𝑦 2 − 3y − x − 10 = 0
8. x = −𝑦 2 + 3y + 2

II. Determine the vertex, focus, and the length and endpoints of the latus
rectum. State the equation of the axis of symmetry and the directrix of the
parabola.
9. 𝑦 2 = 8(𝑥 − 5)
10. (𝑥 + 4)2 = 4(y − 2)
11. (𝑦 − 7)2 = −12x
12. (𝑦 + 1)2 = x − 4
13. 𝑦 2 + x − 10y + 17 = 0
14. −𝑥 2 − 6x + y − 4 = 0
15.−𝑥 2 + 10x − 4y + 7 = 0

III. Transform the equation of the parabola to the standard vertex form by
completing the square.
16. −𝑥 2 − 2x + y + 7 = 0
17. 𝑥 2 − 6x − y + 9 = 0
18. −𝑦 2 + 8y + x + 12 = 0
19. x = 𝑦 2 + 4y − 10

IV. Plot the vertex and the endpoints of the latus rectum and sketch the
graph of the following equations.
24. (𝑥 − 5)2 = y + 9
1
25. (𝑥 + 1)2 = − 2 (𝑦 − 2)
26. (𝑦 − 7)2 = x + 3
27. x = −(𝑦 − 1)2 + 12

13
 POST-ASSESSMENT

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. A conic that consists all points in the plane equidistant from a fixed point
called focus F and a fixed line l called directrix, not containing F.
a. circle c. hyperbola
b. parabola d. ellipse

2. The opening of the parabola given by the equation y = −(𝑥 − 3)2 − 5.

a. upward c. to the right
b. downward d. to the left

3. The graph of a parabola that has a line of symmetry y= -4.

a. c.

b. d.

4. The equivalent vertex form of the equation x = 𝑦 2 + 4y − 10 is ______

a. (𝑦 − 2)2 = 𝑥 + 14 c. (𝑦 + 2)2 = 𝑥 + 14
b. (𝑦 + 2) = 𝑥 − 14
2
d. (𝑦 − 2)2 = 𝑥 − 14

5. The coordinates of the vertex of the parabola that is represented by the

equation x = −𝑦 2 − 10.
a. (−10,0) c. (0, −10)
b. (10,0) d. (0,10)

6. Find the value of k if the point (0, -3) is on the graph of x = 3𝑦 2 + ky.
a. 3 c. 9
b. -3 d. -9

7. The coordinates of the vertex of the parabola that is represented by the

equation y = (𝑥 + 1)2 − 4.
a. (1, −4) c. (−1, 4)
b. (−1, −4) d. (1, −4)

14
8. The length of the latus rectum of the parabola represented by the
equation y = 4𝑥 2 .
a. 2 units c. ½ unit
b. 4 units d. 1 unit

9. The graph of the parabola represented by the equation (𝑦 − 5)2 = −(𝑥 − 3).

a. c.

b. d.

10. The equation of the directrix of the parabola given by the equation x =
−16𝑦 2 .
a. 𝑦 = 4 c. 𝑥 = 4
b. 𝑦 = −4 d. 𝑥 = −4

15
 REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET
Name: __________________________________________________
Direction: Write a reflective learning on Lesson 2 by answering each given
question. The flower below is created using several parabolas. It is your turn
to show your creativity and skill in sketching different figures using
GeoGebra. Goodluck!

16
 WORKSHEET 1

Name: ____________________________________________________________________
Year and Track:______________________ Date: _______________________________

I. State the direction in which the parabola opens.

1. x − 5 = (𝑦 − 3)2
2. x − 7 = −(𝑦 − 5)2
3. y + 3 = −2(𝑥 + 2)2
4. x + 1 = (𝑦 − 4)2
5. −𝑥 2 + 2x + y − 5 = 0
6. 2𝑥 2 + 3x + y + 1 = 0
7. 𝑦 2 − 3y − x − 10 = 0
8. x = −𝑦 2 + 3y + 2

II. Determine the vertex, focus, and the length and endpoints of the latus
rectum. State the equation of the axis of symmetry and the directrix of the
parabola.
9. 𝑦 2 = 8(𝑥 − 5)
10. (𝑥 + 4)2 = 4(y − 2)
11. (𝑦 − 7)2 = −12x
12. (𝑦 + 1)2 = x − 4
13. 𝑦 2 + x − 10y + 17 = 0
14. −𝑥 2 − 6x + y − 4 = 0
15.−𝑥 2 + 10x − 4y + 7 = 0

17
 WORKSHEET 2

Name: ____________________________________________________________________
Year and Track:______________________ Date: _______________________________

Transform the equation of the parabola to the standard vertex form by

completing the square.
1. −𝑥 2 − 2x + y + 7 = 0

2. 𝑥 2 − 6x − y + 9 = 0

3. −𝑦 2 + 8y + x + 12 = 0

4. x = 𝑦 2 + 4y − 10

18
 WORKSHEET 3

Name: ____________________________________________________________________
Year and Track:______________________ Date: _______________________________

Plot the vertex and the endpoints of the latus rectum and sketch the graph
of the following equations.
1. (𝑥 − 5)2 = y + 9

1
2. (𝑥 + 1)2 = − 2 (𝑦 − 2)

3. (𝑦 − 7)2 = x + 3

4. x = −(𝑦 − 1)2 + 12

19
 REFERENCES

De las Penas, M. L., et.al. Pre-Calculus. Office of Research and Publication,

Ateneo de Manila, 2006
Demana, F. Intermediate Algebra A Graphing Approach. Addison-Wesley
Publishing Co., 1994
Lee, Q. N. Topics in Pre-Calculus. Bookmark, Inc., 1992
Licuanan, P. B. et al. General mathematics. Commission on Higher
Education, 2016
Mathematics Teacher, Vol. 109, No. 4, 2012
Mathematics Teacher, Vol. 105, No. 5, 2011
Mathematics Teacher, Vol. 105, No. 4, 2011
Mathematics Teacher, Vol. 104, No. 2, 2010
Mathematics Teacher, Vol. 104, No. 3, 2010
Mathematics Teacher, Vol. 101, No. 6, 2008
Quimpo, N. F. A Course in Freshman Algebra. Office of Research and
Publication, Ateneo de Manila, 2005
Vance, E. P. Modern Algebra and Trigonometry. Addison-Wesley Publishing
Co., 1984

Acknowledgements
Writer: Irma A. Dellomas, MT-II, Raja Soliman Science & Technology H.S.

Editor: John Rainier P. Rizardo, Ed.D

Reviewer: Remylinda T. Soriano, EPS, Math

Angelita Z. Modesto, PSDS
George B. Borromeo, PSDS

Management Team:

Maria Magdalena M. Lim - Schools Division Superintendent, Manila

Aida H. Rondilla- Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
Lucky S. Carpio-Education Program Supervisor, LRMS
Lady Hannah C Gillo, Librarian II-LRMS

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ANSWER KEY

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Exercises 2
1. Vertex; (1, 4) Graph
Axis of symmetry; x = 1
Focus; (1, 6)
Focal distance; 2 units
Latus rectum; 8 units
Endpoints of the latus rectum; (-3, 6), (6, 6)
Directrix; y = 2

2. Vertex; (4, 0) Graph

Axis of symmetry; y = 0
Focus; (7, 0)
Focal distance; 3 units
Latus rectum; 12 units
Endpoints of the latus rectum; (7, 6), (7, -6)
Directrix; x = 1

3. Vertex; (-4, 3) Graph

Axis of symmetry; y = 3
Focus; (-3.5, 3)
Focal distance; 1/2 unit
Latus rectum; 2 units
Endpoints of the latus rectum; (-3.5, 4), (-3.5, 2)
Directrix; x = -4.5

Exercises 3
1 18
1. 𝑥 2 = 3 (y + 4) 2. (𝑦 − 1)2 = (x − 2)
7

Worksheet 1
1. right 2. left 3. Downward 4. Right
5. upward 6. Downward 7. right 8. left
9. 𝑉(5, 0), 𝐹(7, 0), 𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑝𝑡𝑠. 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: (7, 4), (7, −4),
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: 8 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠, 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑦: 𝑦 = 0, 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥: 𝑥 = 3
10. 𝑉(−4, 2), 𝐹(4, 3), 𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑝𝑡𝑠. 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: (−6, 3), (−2, 3),
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: 4 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠, 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑦: 𝑥 = −4, 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥: 𝑦 = 1
11. 𝑉(0, 7), 𝐹(−3, 7), 𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑝𝑡𝑠. 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: (−3, 1), (−3, 13),
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: 12 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠, 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑦: 𝑥 = −4, 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥: 𝑦 = 1
17 17 −1 17 −3
12. 𝑉(4, −1), 𝐹 ( 4 , −1) , 𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑝𝑡𝑠. 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: ( 4 , 2 ) , ( 4 , 2 ),
15
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: 1 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡, 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑦: 𝑦 = −1, 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥: 𝑥 =
4
31 31 11 21 9
13. 𝑉(8, 5), 𝐹 ( 4 , 5) , 𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑝𝑡𝑠. 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: ( 4 , 2 ) , ( 4 , 2) , 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓
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𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: 1 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡, 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑦: 𝑦 = 5, 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥: 𝑥 = 4
−19 −5 −19 −7 −19
14. 𝑉(−3, −5), 𝐹 (−3, ) , 𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑝𝑡𝑠. 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: ( 2 , ),( 2 , ),
4 4 4
−21
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: 1 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡, 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑦: 𝑥 = −3, 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥: 𝑦 =
4
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15. 𝑉(5, 8), 𝐹(5, 7), 𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑝𝑡𝑠. 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: (3, 7), (7, 7),
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑢𝑚: 4 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠, 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑦: 𝑥 = 5, 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥: 𝑦 = 9
16. 𝑦 + 8 = (𝑥 + 1)2

Worksheet 2
1. 𝑦 + 0 = (𝑥 − 3)2
2. 𝑥 + 28 = (𝑦 − 4)2
3. 𝑥 + 14 = (𝑦 + 2)2
4. 𝑥 2 + 8𝑦 = 0
5. 𝑦 2 − 16𝑥 = 0
6. 𝑦 2 − 6𝑦 − 12𝑥 − 39 = 0
7. 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 24 = 0

Worksheet 3

1. 3.

2. 4.

Posttest
1. b 4. a 7. b 10. c
2. b 5. d 8. d
3. c 6. c 9. a

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