AUTOMATIC STREET LIGHT

National Institute of Technology, Agartala

Electronics and Communication Department

PREPARED BY

Group no. 9

Kalvaria Darlong 19UEC074

Chhaydra Rupini 19UEC079
Zinnia Debbarma 19UEC080
Jasmin Debbarma 19UEC082
Juliyas Reang 19UEC085
 Introduction
We need to save or conserve energy because most of the energy sources we
depend on, like coal and natural gas can't be replaced. Once we use them up,
they're gone forever. Saving power is very important, instead of using the power
in unnecessary times it should be switched off. In any city “STREET LIGHT” is one
of the major power consuming factors. Most of the time we see street lights are
ON even after sunrise thus wasting lot of energy. Over here we are avoiding the
problem by having an automatic system which turns ON & OFF the street lights
at given time or when the ambient light falls below a specific intensity. Aim of
this project is to control the street light using microcontroller.
Block Diagram
 Working Principle

▪ It is achieved by sensing and approaching vehicle

and then switches ON a block of street lights ahead
of the vehicle

▪ As the vehicle passes by, the trailing lights switch

OFF automatically. Thus, we save a lot of energy

▪ However, there is another mode of operation where

instead of switching OFF the lights completely, they
remain ON with 10% of the maximum intensity.
Street lights that glows on detecting vehicle
movements.
 Components
▪ 1.AT89C51
▪ 2.RELAY
▪ 3.ALTERNATOR
▪ 4.LED
▪ 5.BC547
 1.AT89C51

▪ The AT89C51 ia a low-power,high performance

CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4K-Bytes of
Flash programmable and erasable read only
memory

▪ FEATURES:

▪ Compatible with MCS-51 Products.

▪ 4K Bytes of In-system Reprogrammable Flash

Memory.
2.RELAY

▪ A Relay is an electromagnetic switch which

is used to switch High volage/Current using
low power circuits.
▪ Relay isolates low power circuits from high
power circuits.
▪ It is activated by energizing a coil wounded
on a soft iron core.
 3.ALTERNATOR

▪ An alternator is defined as a machine or generator

which produces alternating current supply and it
converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

▪ APPLICATIONS :

▪ Automobiles

▪ Electrical power generator plants.

▪ Radiofrequency transmission.
4.LED

▪ LED blinking is the most basic project with a

microcontroller to see a physical output.

▪ LEDs and Lamps produce light when a current

flows through them in a forward direction.

▪ LEDs and Lamps are often used for indicator

lights in electrical equipment, such as
computers and television sets etc.
5.BC547

▪ The BC547 transistor is a NPN transistors.

▪ A transistor is nothing but the transfer of

resistance which is used for amplifying the
current.

▪ The main function of this transistors is to

amplify as well as switching purposes.
 Circuit Components
▪ Resistors
▪ Capacitors
▪ Power Supply
▪ 7812LED
▪ LDR sesor
▪ ULN2003
▪ LED
 Advantages

▪ Since automatic street light systems feature no moving parts, they require
less maintenance than conventional street lights.
▪ The automatic solar street light system is a stand-alone arrangement &
therefore requires no external wiring or having to connect with the grid.
▪ There are lower chances of the automatic street light system overheating &
risk of accidents is also minimized.
▪ Cost of operating automatic solar street lights is far less when compared to
the conventional street lights.
▪ The automatic street light system is eco-friendly & hence helps in
reducing the carbon footprint.
▪ Smart solar street lights can be put up in remote areas even in places that
are not accessible to the grid.
 Motivation

▪ The motivation for the topic is inspired from our day to day observation on
the street lights that are not maintained properly, causing more power
consumption.

▪ And it can be also be installed in remote areas where there’s no source of

light on the streets after nightfall.
 Contribution

We can develop Solar Street light system with Automatic street light controller. The
system can be powered from a battery, which can be charged during day time by
harvesting the solar energy through a solar cell. The solar energy harvested from
sunlight can be stored, inverted from DC voltage to AC voltage using sun tie
converter. The AC voltage can be stepped up and given to the electric grid. The AC
voltage from the electric grid can be stepped down, rectified and used for powering
the circuit. Meanwhile, the street light can also be powered by the A.C. voltage, which
is controlled by a relay switch connected to the switching part of the circuit. It will
enable us to harvest solar energy in an effective way for the operation of the circuit
and for powering the street light also.
 Conclusion

In this project work we have studied and implemented a complete working model
using a microcontroller. The programming and interfering of microcontroller has
been mastered during the implementation. This work includes the study of energy
saving system in many applications.