CHAPTER

 1:  Introduction  to  Technology  for  Teaching  and  Learning  

Lesson  3:  ROLES  OF  TECHNOLOGY  FOR  TEACHING  and  LEARNING  
 
As  teaching  and  learning  go  together,  let  us  explore  what  would  be  the  roles  of  
technology  for  teachers  and  teaching  and  for  learners  and  learning.  Educational  
technology  has  three  domains:  
 
1. TECHNOLOGY  AS  A  TUTOR  -­‐  Together  with  the  teacher,  technology  can  
support  the  teacher  to  teach  another  person.  Technology,  when  programmed  
by  the  teacher  can  be  a  shooter  on  its  own.  The  teacher  will  simply  switch  on  
or  switch  off  radio  programs  television  programs  or  play  DVDs  or  CDs  that  
contain  educational  programs.  There  are  online  tutorial  education  programs,  
as  well.  
 
2. TECHNOLOGY  AS  A  TEACHING  TOOL  -­‐  Like  a  tutor,  technology  is  a  teaching  
tool  but  can  never  replace  a  teacher.  This  is  like  the  handyman  which  is  just  
there  to  be  reached.  Like  any  other  tool,  it  is  being  used  to  facilitate  and  
lighten  the  work  of  the  teacher.  It  will  be  good  if  the  teacher  can  also  create  
or  develop  technology  tools  that  are  needed  in  the  classroom.  
 
 
3. TECHNOLOGY  AS  A  LEARNING  TOOL  -­‐  While  the  teacher  utilizes  
technology  as  a  tool  for  teaching,  likewise  it  is  an  effective  tool  for  learning.  
As  a  learning  tool,  it  makes  learning  easy  and  effective.  It  can  produce  
learning  outcomes  that  call  for  technology-­‐assisted  teaching.  Even  the  
teachers  who  are  teaching  can  utilize  similar  tools  for  learning.  As  a  learning  
tool,  it  is  a  very  interesting  that  even  the  elderly  uses  these  tools  for  learning  
in  life.  
 
There  are  numerous  roles  that  technology  plays  in  the  job  of  teachers.  As  a  tool,  
technology  has  opened  wider  avenues  in  management  of  resources  and  
management  of  learning.  Likewise,  it  has  modernized  the  teaching-­‐learning  
environment  in  schools.  
 
Roles  of  Technology  for  Teachers  and  Teaching  
 
•  Technology  provides  enormous  support  to  the  teacher  as  the  facilitator.  
• Technology  has  modernized  the  teaching-­‐learning  environment.  
• Technology  improves  teaching-­‐learning  process  and  ways  of  teaching.  
• Technology  opens  new  fields  in  educational  researches.  
• Technology  adds  to  the  competence  of  teachers  and  inculcates  scientific  
outlook.  
• Technology  supports  teacher  professional  development.  
 
 
Roles  of  technology  for  Learners  and  Learning  
• Technology  support  learners  to  learn  how  to  learn  on  their  own.  
• Technology  enhances  learners’  communication  skills  through  social  
interactions.  
• Technology  upgrades  learners’  higher  order  thinking  skills;  critical  thinking,  
problem  solving  and  creativity.  
 
Three  Categories  of  Knowledge  (Egbert,  2009)  
 
a) DECLARATIVE  KNOWLEDGE  -­‐  Consists  of  the  discrete  pieces  of  information  
that  answers  the  questions  what,  who,  when,  and  where.  It  is  often  learned  
through  memorization  of  facts,  drills,  and  practice  by  using  simple  
mnemonics  or  conceptual  maps.  
 
 b) STRUCTURAL  KNOWLEDGE  -­‐  Consists  of  facts  or  pieces  of  declarative  
knowledge  put  together  to  attain  some  form  of  meaning.  It  can  be  presented  
by  concept  maps,  categorization,  or  classification  
 
c)  PROCEDURAL  KNOWLEDGE  -­‐  Knowledge  in  action  or  the  knowledge  of  
how  to  do  something.  It  is  based  on  facts  but  learned  through  the  process  of  
procedural  knowledge.  It  is  indicated  by  a  performance  task  or  graphical  
representation.  
 
 
Three  Basic  Communication  Patterns  
 
•Point  to  point  two-­‐way  or  one-­‐to-­‐one  
•One-­‐to-­‐many  outbound  
•Many-­‐to-­‐many  
 
Social  Interaction  and  Technology  
 
a) Social  Interaction  THROUGH  Technology  -­‐  directly  bet.  two  persons  via  
email,  cell  phone,  etc.  
 
b) Social  Interaction  AROUND  Technology  -­‐  like  students  discussing  about  a  
problem  posed  by  a  software  program  
 
c)  Social  Interaction  WITH  SUPPORT  of  Technology  -­‐  like  teachers  and  
students  interacting  about  the  worksheet  printed  from  a  website.  
 
 
Critical  Thinking  -­‐  The  objective  analysis  and  evaluation  of  an  issue  in  order  to  
form  a  judgment.  The  ability  to  interpret,  explain,  analyze,  evaluate,  infer  and  self  
regulate  in  order  to  make  good  decisions.  
 
Creativity  -­‐  Characterized  as  involving  the  ability  to  think  flexibly,  fluently,  
originally,  and  elaborately.  
 
Flexibly  means  able  to  use  many  points  of  view.  
Fluently  means  able  to  generate  many  ideas.  
Originally  means  being  able  to  generate  new  ideas.  
Elaborately  means  able  to  add  details.  
 
Seven  Creative  Strategies  (Osborn,  1963)  
S-­‐C-­‐A-­‐M-­‐P-­‐E-­‐R  
 
•SUBSTITUTE  -­‐  Find  something  else  to  replace  to  do  what  it  does.  
•COMBINE  -­‐  Blend  two  things  that  do  not  usually  go  together.  
•ADAPT  –  Adapt  an  existing  idea  that  might  not  have  worked  before  to  solve  a  
problem.  
•MAGNIFY/MODIFY/MINIFY  -­‐  Make  a  change,  enlarge,  decrease.  
•PUT  TO  OTHER  USE  -­‐  Find  other  uses.  
•ELIMINATE  -­‐  Reduce,  remove.  
•REVERSE  -­‐  Turn  upside-­‐down,  inside  out,  front-­‐side  back.