LABORATORY REPORT

SKU3073 CHEMISTRY
Semester 1 Session 2021/2022

NAME
KHISHALINNI A/P M. MEGANATHAN

MATRIC NUMBER D20211099267

LECTURER DR YUSNITA JUAHIR

EXPERIMENT NO.
4

TITLE PREPARATION AND DILUTION OF IRON(III) CHLORIDE

SOLUTION
DATE & DAY
27/11/2021

CHECK LIST (Please tick) Marks

Title 5
Objective(s) 5
Methods 10
Results (Observation, Data, 30
Calculation, etc.)
Discussions and questions & 35
answers (if appropriate)
Conclusion(s) 10
References (at least 2) 5
TOTAL MARKS 100

Department of Chemistry
Faculty of Science and Mathematics
UNIVERSITI PENDIDIKAN SULTAN IDRIS
 LAB REPORT EXPERIMENT 4

TITLE: PREPARATION AND DILUTION OF IRON(III) CHLORIDE SOLUTION

OBJECTIVES:

Upon completion of this experiment, students should be able to:

1. prepare a standard (stock) solution from solid

2. determine the concentration of solution by using dilution technique

3. determine the concentration of coloured compound in solution using colorimetric technique

METHODS:

PART A

1. A stock solution of 0.10 M iron (iii) chloride was prepared in 10 ml volumetric flask.

2. The mass (g) of iron (iii) chloride solid that need to be weighed was calculated.

Figure 4.1:

a) An amount of solute was weighed and transferred into a small beaker. A small
amount of distilled water was added to the beaker and the solution was stirred until the
solid is totally dissolved.

b) A portion of distilled water was added to the volumetric flask and the mixture was
swirled until all the solute dissolved.

c) The distilled water was added into volumetric flask until up to the mark. The flask was
caped and inverted several times until the contents are thoroughly mixed and completely
dissolved.
PART B

1. The volume (ml) of the stock solution needed to prepare 0.05 M was calculated.

2. Dilution technique was used to prepare four (4) standard solutions of iron (III) :0.01 M,
0.005 M, 0.001 M and 0.0005 M (Figure 2.2) from 0.05M iron (III) chloride in 10ml
volumetric flask.

Figure 4.2:

a) Stock solution

b) The measured volume of stock solution was transferred to a second volumetric flask

c) The measured volume of solution was diluted in second volumetric flask with distilled water
until up to the mark. Then the flask was caped and inverted several times until the contents are
thoroughly mixed and completely dissolved.

PART C

1.The colour intensity of the iron (iii) chloride solution at five different concentration was
observed and recorded.

2.Each 5ml of the prepared solution was transferred into test tube and 2 drops of KSCN solution
was added to each test tube.

3. 5ml of iron (iii) chloride solution (unknown concentration) was transferred into another test
tube and 2 drops of KSCN solution was added. The solution was shaked until homogenous and
the colour of the solution was compared with the series of solution that have been prepared in
step 3. The concentration for this iron (III) chloride solution was proposed.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Part A Preparation of stock solution iron (III) chloride

Table 4.1: Stock solution iron (III) chloride

Molarity of stock solution (M)

0.10 M

Volume of volumetric flask (mL)

10 mL

Molarity = Mole of FeCl3 / Volume of FeCl3

0.1 moles of FeCl3 1 L of FeCl 3

×10 mL of FeCl 3 ×
1 L of FeCl3 1000 mL of FeCl3
Mole of FeCl3

= 1× 10 -3 moles FeCl3

Molar mass, FeCl3 (g/mol) 162.2 g/mol FeCl3

162.2 g of FeCl3
0.003 mole of FeCl3 ×
Mass FeCl3 (g) 1 mol of FeCl3

= 0.1622 g FeCl3
Part B Dilution of 0.10 M iron (III) chloride

Table 4.2: Series of iron (III) chloride solution at five different concentrations

M 1 V 1=M 2 V 2

(0.10 M) V 1 = (0.05 M) (10 mL)

( 0.05 M )( 10 mL )
a) Volume of stock solution needed to prepare 0.05 M FeCl 3 V 1=
0.10 M
(mL)
V1 = 5 mL

M 1 V 1=M 2 V 2

(0.05M) V1= (0.01M) (10mL)

(0.01 M )( 10 mL)
V 1=
b) Volume (V1) of solution needed to prepare 0.01 M FeCl3 0.05 M
(mL)
V1 = 2 mL

M 1 V 1=M 2 V 2

(0.05M) V1= (0.005M) (10mL)

c) Volume (V1) of solution needed to prepare 0.005 M FeCl3 (0.005 M )(10 mL)
(mL)
V 1=
0.05 M

V 1 = 1 mL

d) Volume (V1) of solution needed to prepare 0.001 M FeCl3 M 1 V 1=M 2 V 2

 (0.05M) V1= (0.001M) (10mL)

(0.001 M )( 10 mL)
V 1=
0.05 M
(mL)

V 1 =0.2 mL

M 1 V 1=M 2 V 2

(0.05M) V1= (0.0005M) (10mL)

e) Volume (V1) of solution needed to prepare 0.0005 M FeCl3
(mL) (0.0005 M )(10 mL)
V 1=
0.05 M

V1 = 0.1 mL

Part C Colorimetric analysis of iron (III) chloride

Table 4.3: Colorimetric analysis of iron (III) chloride

Color observation after addition KSCN. Color observation after addition KSCN
to the concentration of FeCl3 below:

a) 0.0005 M = Pale yellow to Pale

Yellow

b) 0.001 M =Pale yellow to Bright

Yellow

c) 0.005 M= Pale Yellow to Orange

d) 0.01 M= Bright Yellow to Light

Brown

e)0.05 M= Pale Yellow to Brown

 e>d>c>b>a

Rank the solutions (test tubes a-e) in order of decreasing intensity

(darkest to lightest)

Concentration of unknown FeCl3 0.0005 mL

Discussions

1. Why are the standard solutions always prepared in a volumetric flask?

The volumetric flask is used for measuring accurate volumes of liquid materials during a
laboratory experiment. They are favored most of the time because they are more accurate and
precise than graduated cylinder and beaker.

2. Is there any difference(s) between stock solution and standard solution?

A stock solution is a highly concentrated solution while a standard solution is a concentrated

solution having a precisely known concentration. Moreover, a stock solution can be a large
volume of a highly concentrate solute that can be any chemical reagent, but standard solution
contains a certain chemical element or compound at highly precise concentration.

When considering their applications, stock solutions are important in saving preparation time of
chemical reagents, to conserve material, to reduce the storage space, while a standard solution
is important in determining the unknown concentration of an analyte.

3. What is the difference between a dilute solution and a concentrated solution?

Diluted solution is a solution that consists of relatively small amount of solute per unit volume
solution while a concentrated solution is a solution that consists a relatively large amount of
solute per unit volume. A diluted solution is still able to dissolve a lot more solute while a
saturated solution is only able to dissolve a little bit more solution.
4. What is the purpose of colorimetric analysis?

Colorimetric analysis is the technique normally used to determine the concentration of analyte
through comparing the color changes of the solution. It is applicable to both organic
compounds and inorganic compounds and may be used with or without an enzymatic stage.
The method is widely used in medical laboratories and for industrial purposes, the analysis of
water samples in connection with industrial water treatment.

Conclusion

Students were able to prepare a standard (stock) solution of 0.10 M iron (iii) chloride from solid
iron (iii) chloride. Students were also able to determine the concentration of iron (iii) chloride
solution by using dilution technique using the formula M1V1 = M2V2. Students were also able to
determine the concentration of coloured compound in solution using colorimetric technique
which is a technique used to determine the concentration of analyte through comparing the
color changes of the solution.

References

1. Alana Carreiro Ximenes.(2018). Concentrated vs Dilute Solutions.

https://slideplayer.com/slide/14032077/

2. Madhu.(November,9 2019). Difference Between Stock Solution and Standard Solution

https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-stock-solution-and-standard-
solution/

3. Annice Morton.( 2016). Solubility Grade 7 Science

https://slideplayer.com/slide/9679455/