02-09 Parashat Ki Tisa - When You Elevate

dy `yz ik l zeny 305
b"qx xiqtz
`yz ik &
'iqEn
© dNl
© `© mN© M© m'zª (ì
d¬¤WŸnÎl ¤̀ d†ëŸdi§ x¬¥Ac§©i © ì 'dln© Bª Ylv»© g§ i'c©`¦ (ai :`ni © lM
¦ Y©
.mdCª C©r§ 'il© r§ li`¦ xq § `¦ ip¦ A§
:xni
© n¥ l§ dWŸ © :xŸn`
¤ n mr¦ ï§i liN¥ nE « N¥ dN© l¦ .dŸqt©p `C©t§ lBªx§ lMª hril ¦ t©
mdª A§ lg¦ i§ `l© e§ .mdª Yi
§ vg
© `© `'c©`¦
W`ŸxÎz ¬ ¤̀ `V̈º z¦ i´¦ ai `n© i'c©d© (bi :Jl`' ¦ c© Cpr¦ À© e§
m¼ di
¤ c¥w«ª t§ l¦ l» ¥̀ xÜ¦
§ iÎi¥pA§ .CC©rË
l`w'z
§ l`© dil© r§ f`©B on© lMª .hr©i
© n¦ A§ l`w'z
© n¦ svpª
FW² t©§ p xt¤ ŸM̄ Wi´¦` Ep¹ z§ p̈¸ e§ wp`
¦ C©
:dN© l¦ dri
oixW
¦ r¦ .qCwË
© t¦ x§ dŸtvpª .l`w'z
© nË
ªl`©
¦ l`©
m®z̈Ÿ` cŸẃt§ A¦ d†ëŸdi«l©
zï .liA¥ w© z§ ix¥ £̀ :mz̈ « Ÿ` cŸw¬ t§ A¦ s¤b†¤p m²¤dä d¬¤id«§ i¦ Î`Ÿle§
cM© ï§i mc̈w¢ .DiWt©
¥ p owxER
© xa© B§ .oEpY¦
§ ie§ .oFdi¥pïpn¦ l§ l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i i¥pA§ oAWEg
©
EpÀ Y§ i¦ | d´¤ bi :oFdzï§ i¥pnY¦ cM© `z̈Fn ®.oFda§ id§¥ i `l̈e§ .oFdzï§ i¥pnY¦
lw´¤¤ WA§ lw†¤ ¤ Xd© zi¬¦v£gn «© mic½¦ wª R§ dÎl© r© Æxa¥ Ÿrd̈ « ÎlM̈
lw¤ X ¤½ d© zi´¦v£gn «© lw¤ X ¤½ d© Ædx¥¨B mix³¦ U§ r¤ Wc¤ŸT® d©
§ i oiC¥ :d«ëŸdi«l
`r̈lq¦ zEblR© .Ì̈©pïpn¦ lr© xa© r̈C§ lM̈ .oEpY¦ © d†n̈ExY§
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
l©wW § n¦ A§ .WcŸ¤Td© lw¤ W ¤ A§ lw¤ X
¤ d© ziv£¦ gn© ,FnEBx© §zM§ ,dl̈Ä©w oFW§l .`V̈z¦ iM¦ ai
,W ¤T©d i¥lw§ W ¦ FA lFw§W¦l Kl̈ i¦Ya§ ©vT̈¤W l¤wX ¤ d© dÖ©M z©rcl̈ © mp̈ï§pn¦ mEk§q l¥Aw© §l uFR§gY© W ¤ M§
dc§¥UE oi¦kx£ ¨r z©Wxẗ§
¨ A oixEn£̀¦ d̈ mi¦lẅ§W oFb§M cg̈¤̀ lM̈ Ep§Y¦i `l̈¥̀ ,z¤lFB§lBª©l m¥pn§ Y¦ l©` ,m¥d
Kl̈ Wx¥ ¤R eiẄ§k©r .lw¤ X¤ d© dx¥¨B mix¦U§ r¤ :dG̈gª£̀ rc¥©ze§ mi¦lẅ§Xd© z¤̀ d¤pn§ z¦ e§ l¤wX ¤ d© zi¦vg£ n©
l¥̀ EnW § A¦ o¥ke§ ,dr̈n̈ oFW§l .dx¥¨B :Èd dÖ©M h¥lFW oï§pO¦ d© W ¤ .s¤bp¤ md¤ ä d¤id¦ § i `Ÿle§ :mp̈ï§pn¦
zxFb£̀©
© l Fl zF£gY© W § d¦ §l `Faï (el a '` lèny) Epi¦v Ö W
¤ Fn§M ,m¤d i¥
l £
r À̈ x¤
a C©
¤d §e rxd̈
¨ o¦i©r FA
.lw¤ X ¤ d© dx¥¨B mix¦U§ r¤ :m¤gl¤ x©Mk¦ e§ s¤qM¤ ©rA¥ h§ n© oi¦nM§ Fl d¨`x¦ §d .EpY§ i¦ d¤f bi :c¦eC̈ i¥ni¦A
,mi¦fEf dr̈Äx© §` l¤wX ¤ d© W
¤ ,m¥lẌ©d l¤wX ¤ d© Fl x©
n `
¨ e
§ ,l¤
w X¤ d
© zi¦ vg£ n© Dl̈ẅ§Wn¦ E ,W¥̀ Î§NW ¤
`l̈¥̀ ,zFrn̈ W¥ng̈ FzN̈¦gY§ n¦ fEG©d§e oi¦pFO©d Kx¤C¤ .micEw ¦ R§ d© lr© xaŸ¥ rd̈ :Ep§Y¦i d¤fM§
EdEl¡rd¤ §e zEzW § eil̈r̈ Eti¦qFd§e EÀ̈ oFW§l o¥ke§ ,d¤f x©g`© d¤f oi¦pn§ ¦Pd© z¤̀ oixi¦ ¦ a§rn©
,d¤Gd© l¤wX ¤ d© zi¦vg£ n© E ,s¤qM¤ dr̈n̈ WW ¥ §l o¥k§e ,h¤aẌ©d z©gY© xFa£r©i xW ¤ £̀ lM̈ (al fk `xwie)
:'d©l dn̈ExY§ Ep§Y¦i ,Kl̈ i¦Yx© §n`¨ W¤ :d¤pFn ic§ ¥i l©r o`S©d dp̈xFa£ § rY© (bi bl dinxi)
306 `yz ik l zeny ey
b"qx xiqtz .`r̈lq¦ oir¦ n̈ oixU

¦ r¤ .`ẄcEw irl
¥ q¦ A§
on¦ .CC©rË § l`© dil© r§ f`B© on© lMª (ci :ï§i mc̈w¢ `z̈EWxt ¨ `© ®.`r̈lq¦ zEblR©
.`C©r` § v© t§ d©pq§ oixW ¦ r¦ oA`¦
xqEnË
¦ l`© (eh :dN© l¦ dri © t¦ x§ ihr©
¦ i © r© Æxa¥ Ÿrd̈
mic½¦ wª R§ dÎl « lŸ À ci
.lN¦ w© i§ `l© xiw¦ tË § lè© .x'z¦ M© i§ `l©
ehr
© `¦ t§ .l`w'z © n¦ svpª on¦ dl̈r®n̈ë
§ d†p̈Ẅ mix¬¦ U§ r¤ o²¤An¦
xa© r̈C§ .lŸM :d«ëŸdi§ z¬©
nExY§ o†¥Yi¦
:mkqª tp ª `© or© Ex»t§ k© e§ .dN© l¦ dri
© t¦ x§
on¦ .o`xt © bË
ªl`© 'd'S© tª 'c'kª e§ (fh
it¦ dŸtxv ª `¦ e§ .li`¦ xq § `¦ ip¦ A§ ®.`l̈irlE
¥ oip¦ W§ oixU
¦ r¤ xA© n¦ .Ì̈©pïpn¦ lr©
xi´¦Wr̈«¤ eh :ï§i mc̈w¢ `z̈EWxt¨ `© oiY¦¥ i
lw®Ẍ
¤ d© zi†¦v£gO § i `Ÿl´ ÆlC©d© e§ dA¤À x©§ iÎ`Ÿl
«© n«¦ hir½¦ n©
¤ z¥ ŸW« t©
:m«ki § pÎlr© x†¥Rk© l§ d½ëŸdi§ z´©nExYÎz § ¤̀ Æzz¥ l̈
zï oY© n¦ l§ .`r̈lq¦ zEblR© n¦ .xrf©
© i `l̈ oiMq
¥ ncE
¦ .i¥Bq©i `l̈ xiY¦ r© C§
Îz ¤̀ Yº̈ g§ w«
© l̈ § fh :oFkz§ Ẅt©p lr© `x¨R̈k© l§ ®.ï§i mc̈w¢ `z̈EWxt¨ `©
Fz½ Ÿ` Ý̈z«
© p̈e§ l ¥̀½ xÜ¦
§ i í¥pA§ Æz ¥̀ n¥ mixÀ¦ Rª M¦ d© sq´¤ ¤M
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
dp̈Ẅ lk̈Î§NW ¤ xEA¦v zFpÄxẅ § o¤dn¥ zFp§wl¦ ,o`M̈ Kc̈§Ol¦ .dl̈r§ në © dp̈Ẅ mix¦U§ r¤ oA¤ n¦ ci
Dz̈F` l©re§ ,mixi¦ ¦ W£re© mi¦I¦p£r m¤dÄ Ee§Wd§ ªe ,dp̈Ẅ§e dp̈§n¦p§e à̈S̈©l `¥vFi mix¦U § ¤r o¤An¦ zEgR̈ oi¥̀ W ¤
,m¤ki¥zFW§t©p l©r x¥Rk© §l xn̈¡`¤p dn̈ExY§ .mki ¤ zU ¥ t©§ p lr© xR¥ k© l§ eh :mi¦Wp̈£̀ l©lk§ A¦
zi¦Wi¦lX § d© §e .mi¦À̈ m¥d dxR̈© ¨ kl§ zFpÄxT̈© § dW ¤ x¥Rk© §l x¥g`© xäC̈ .oï§pO¦ d© ic§ ¥i l©r Et§bP̈¦Y `N¤W
(ck dl zeny) xn̈¡ `¤PW¤ Fn§M ,oM̈W§ O¦ d© z©nExY§ ì¦d lẄ o`M̈ m¤dl̈ f©nx¨W ¤ i¦t§l ,m¤ki¥zFW§t©p l©r
c©i dz̈§id̈ `l§e ,z ¤ g§pE s¤qM¤ z©nExY§ mix¥ ¦n lM̈ lẄ 'd z©nExY§ o`M̈ aŸ§k¦PW ¤ ,zFnEx§Y
Fac̈§PW ¤ d©n Wi¦` Wi¦` `l̈¥̀ ,DÄ dëW mN̈ª M o¨`p̈§OW ¤ ,mi¦pc̈£̀ z©nExY§ z©g`© mi¦nr̈§R
ldŸ ¤ ` zcFa © r£ lr© FzŸ` Ÿzp̈ © e§ fh :FA¦l cg̈¤̀ lM̈ Ep§zp̈§e oM̈W § O¦ d© z©ac¦ §pA§ Eli¦gz§ d¦ W
¤ M§
z©Ng¦ z§ A¦ mz̈Fp§nl¦ dË©hv§ ¦PW ¤ Ÿc© §nl̈ .crFn ¥ ,xM̈¦M z©`n§ ¦l dl̈r̈§e ,l¤wX ¤ d© zi¦vg£ n© cg̈¤̀§e
i¥pR§ n¦ ,l¤br¥ d̈ dU ¥ £rn© x©g`© oM̈W § O¦ d© z©ac¦ §p z©`n§ dc̈¥rd̈ icEw§ ¥ R s¤qk¤ §e (dk gl zeny) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤
(dl al zeny) xn̈¡ `¤PW¤ Fn§M ,dẗ¥Bn© m¤dÄ qp̈§k¦PW ¤ (fk gl zeny) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ ,mi¦pc̈£̀ d̈ y£r©p m¤dn¥ E ,xM̈¦M
l©r däi¦Ag© d© o`v§l lẄn̈ .mr̈d̈ z¤̀ 'd sFB¦Ie© ì¦d s©` zi¦pX ¥ d© e§ .'ebe s¤qM¤ d© x©MM¦ z©`n§ i¦d§ie©
Fl x©n`¨ w©qR̈¤Xn¦ E ,x¤ac¤ DÄ l©tP̈¤W ,d̈i¤lr̈§A Èd ,oM̈W § O¦ d© m©wEdX ¤ n¦ ,o¨`p̈§OW¤ oï§pn¦ ic§
¥i l©r
rc§ ©e i¦p`v z¤̀ d¥pn§ ,KÖ¦n dẄT̈©aA§ d¤rFxl̈ micEw§ ¦ Rd© W¤ g z©Ng¦ z§ A¦ xEn¨`d̈ oï§pO¦ d©
.eil̈r̈ däi¦Ag© ì¦dW § ©ricFd§
¦ l ,m¤dÄ Exz§ Fp dÖ©M dp̈Ẍ©A i¦pX ¥ d© W ¤g©l cg̈¤̀ A§ (` ` xacna)
xEn¨`d̈ Èd d¤Gd© oï§pO¦ d© W ¤ ,x©nFl xẄ§t`¦ i¥̀ §e o¥de§ ,l¤wX ¤ d© zi¦vg£ n© cg̈¤̀ lM̈ Ep§zp̈§e ,zi¦pX ¥ d©
fy `yz ik l zeny 307
crFn
®¥ ld¤ Ÿ`´ cŸarÎl
z†© £ r© oEM©ie¦ .x'vg
b"qx xiqtz
© nË © l`© À'© k§ 'dnC'© k¦
ÆoFxM̈¦fl§ l³¥̀ xÜ¦ § i ip¥̧ a§ l¦ Ádïd̈e§ iC©i§ oiA© `xM' © c¦ li`¦ xq § `¦ ip¦ A§ l§
:mkqª tp
ª `© or© dx` © t© Mª e§ .dNl
© `©
Îlr© x†¥Rk© l§ d½ëŸdi§ í¥pt§ l¦ iqEn
© dNl© `© mN© M© mzª (fi
.Ì̈xER ¤ z¥ ŸW« t©
© M¦ sq© M§ zï aQ© z¦ e§ :m«ki §p 'ueg© r©pv`¦ e§ (gi :`ni
on¦ dŸCrw§ nE© .q`g© p§
© lM
¦ Y©
on¦
oglER
© lr© .Dizï
¥ oiY¥ z¦ e§ .l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i i¥pA§ on¦ oiA© dl Ë rB© `¦ e§ .lq'©bËl`l¦ q`g© p§
`p̈xkEc
¨ l§ l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i i¥pal¦ idi¥ e¦ .`p̈n¦f oMW
© n© .gA'c
© nË © lè© x'vg © nË
© l`© À' © k§
t :oFkz§ Ẅt©p lr© `x¨R̈k© l§ ®.ï§i mc̈w¢

dWŸ
¤ n mr¦ ï§i liN¥ nE
© :xŸn`
« N¥ d¬¤WŸnÎl ¤̀ d†ëŸdi§ x¬¥Ac§©i © fi
zW ¤ Ÿg† p§ F¬Pk© e§ zW ¤ Ÿg² p§ xF¬IM¦ z̈iU¦¹ r̈ § gi :xni© n¥ l§
g© A§ ¥ ld¤ Ÿ ³̀ Îoi«A¥ FzÀ Ÿ` Ý̈z«
¥½ fO¦ d© oi´¥aE ÆcrFn © p̈e§ d®v̈g§ x¨l§
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
oi¦pFn m¦ix§ ©vn¦ z©ì¦vi¦NW ¤ i¦tl§ ,mi¦pẄ i¥YW § Eid̈ (` ` xacna) FA xn̈¡`¤p ix£ ¥dW¤ ,micEw§¦ Rd© W¤nFg§A
,(:a) dp̈Ẍ©d W`x z¤kQ¤ n© A§ Epi¦PẌ¤W Fn§M ,oq̈i¦Pn¦ cg̈¤̀ A§ mẅEd oM̈W § O¦ d© e§ ,i¦pX¥ d© W ¤g©l cg̈¤̀ A§
diÏ¦pX§ A© mẅEd§e dp̈FW`xÄ ¦ oM̈W § O¦ d© dp̈§a¦p§e mFi§A (a n zeny) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ ,oFW`xd̈ ¦ W ¤g©l
zFp§W lä£̀ ,oq̈i¦pA§ cg̈¤̀ A§ dp̈Ẅ dẄC© §gz§ ¦PW¤ ,'ebe mi¦wŸ W ¤g©l cg̈¤̀ A§ oFW`xd̈ ¦ W ¤g©d
oi¦li¦gz§ O© d© ml̈Fr zFp§W o©i§pn¦ §l oi¦iEp§n mi¦Wp̈£̀ d̈ ,FN¤
W mi¦l ẅ§
X n
¦ mi¦ pc̈£̀ d̈ EU£ r ©
p d¤
G d
© oï§pO¦ d© n¥ E
z©g`© dp̈Ẅ§A mi¦pï§pO¦ d© i¥pW § E`§vn§ ¦p ,ix¦W § Y¦ n¦ s¤qM¤ d© x©MM¦ z©`n§ i¦d§ie© (fk gl zeny) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤
mFi x©g`© §l ix¦W § z¦ A§ dïd̈ oFW`xd̈ ¦ oï§pO¦ d© z©g`© Eid̈ m¦iY© W § Ÿc© §nl̈ `©d ,'ebe z¤wv¤ l̈
g© Fl§ql¦ l¥̀ xÜ § ¦i§l mFwÖ©d dS̈x©z§ ¦PW ¤ ,mixER¦¦ Md© dp̈Ẅ§ A mi xER¦
¦ M d
© mFi x©g`© oz̈äc¦ §p z©Ng¦ z§ A¦
:xÏ£̀ A© cg̈¤̀ A§ i¦pX ¥ d© §e ,oM̈W § O¦ d© l©r EE©hv§ ¦pe§ ,m¤dl̈ mẅEdX ¤ n¦ xÏ£̀ A© dÏ¦pW§ dp̈Ẍ©A z©g`© e§ ,dp̈FW`x¦
mi¦pc̈£̀ d̈ o¥d .crFn ¥ ldŸ ¤ ` zcFa © r£ lr© m¤d i¥
p W
§ A
¦ W
¤ x Ẅ§t `
¦ i¦
k§e ,x©n`Y m¦è§ .oM̈W § O¦ d©
z ¤ l§WE s¤l ¤̀ zF`¥n WW ¥ mi¦eeW l¥̀ xÜ § ¦i Eid̈
Dl̈§e dl̈Fc§B cEC oi¦nM§ .xFIM¦ gi :FA EU£r©PW ¤
s¤qk¤ A§ ix£ ¥dW ¤ ,mi¦Xn¦ g£ e© zF`¥n W¥ng£ ©e mi¦tl̈£̀
FnEBx© §zM§ .FPk© e§ :m¦in© m¤di¦tA§ mi¦wix§ ¦Od© miC¦C© s©` micEw§ ¦ Rd© W¤nFg§aE ,o¥M xn̈¡`¤p dc̈¥rd̈ icET¦ ¥ R
aq̈En .dv̈g§ x¨l§ :xFI¦M©l oT̈z§ ªn aẄFn ,Di¥qi¦qa§ E micEw§ ¦ Rd© lM̈ Ei§d¦Ie© (en ` xacna) o¥M xn̈¡`¤p FA
dl̈Frd̈ g©A§fn¦ .g© A§ ¥ fO¦ d© oiaE ¥ :xFI¦Md© l©r zF`¥n W¥ng£ ©e mi¦tl̈£̀ z ¤ l§WE s¤l ¤̀ zF`¥n WW ¥
l¤ ` o©MW § n¦ g©zR¤ i¥pt§ ¦l ÈdW § ,FA aEzM̈W ¤ xẄ§t`¦ i¥̀ §e ,Eid̈ mi¦pẄ i¥YW § A¦ `l£d©e ,mi¦Xn¦ g£ e©
c¤b¤pM§ c¥nFr§e `r̈§nw¦ KEWn̈ xFI¦Md© dïd̈§e ,c¥rFn r©WY§ i¥pA§ oFW`xd̈ ¦ oï§pn¦ z©rẄ§A Eid̈ `N¤W
wi¦qt§ n© Epi¥̀ §e ,oM̈W § O¦ d© §e g© A¥§fO¦ d© oi¥AW ¤ xi¥E`© i¥pA§ EU£r©p diÏ¦pX § a© e Ep§n¦p `N¤W dp̈Ẅ dx¥U § ¤r
z¥̀ §e (hk n zeny) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ mFX¦n ,m¦iY© §pA¦ ll̈§M mi¦Wp̈£̀ d̈ zFp§W l¤v ¥̀ ,xäC̈©l däEWY§ .mix¦U § ¤r
,c¥rFn l¤ ` o©MW § n¦ g©zR¤ mÜ dl̈Frd̈ g©A§fn¦ m¦ix§ ©vn¦ z©ì¦v§i o©i§pn¦ l§ lä£̀ ,Ep§n¦p z©g`© dp̈Ẅ§A
308 `yz ik l zeny gy
b"qx xiqtz
.cia¥ r£ z© e§ :m¦in̈ « dÖ†Ẅ ¬Ÿz« © p̈e§
lq'b©
¦ ie§ (hi :``© n© dit¦ lrB © `¦ e§
mdi ª Ci¦ `© .dPn¦ dip¦ AE § oExd© `Ẅg̈pC¦ Diqi ¥ qaE
¦ .`Ẅg̈pC¦ `xFI ¨ M¦
'il© `¦ mdlEkª C§ it¦ (k :mdl ª Bx`
¦ e© `p̈n¦f oMW © n© oiA¥ .Dizï
¥ oiY¥ z¦ e§ .WECw¦ l§
oElq¦ Y'b©
§ i .x'vg © nË © l`© À' © k§ :Ì̈n© oÖY© oiY¥ z¦ e§ ®.`g̈Ac § n© oiaE ¥
it¦ e§ .oEMld© § i `l© e§ `nË © lÀ¦
gA'c© nË © l`© 'il© `¦ mdn'
ª C¦ w© Y§ EP®¤On¦ ei†p̈äE oŸx£
¬ d`
«© E²vg
£ x«¨ § hi
(eaxwie :b"i) ExY‹¦ wi © e¦ .EnC'k©il§
oElq'b©
§ i (`k .dN© l¦ oÀx © wª :m«di¤ l¥ b§ xÎz
© ¤̀ e§ m†¤dic§¥iÎz ¤̀
oEMld© ¦ i `l© e§ mdl ª Bx¦ `© e§ mdi ª Ci¦ `© oFdic§¥i zï ®.Di¥Pn¦ idFpaE
¦ oŸxd£ `© .oEWC§ wi
© e¦
.xd‹© Cl`© mqx© mdª l§ Jl`'
:mdª l`©§ iB`© l§ ld¤ Ÿ`Îl
dip¦ AlE
§ ¯ ¤̀ m`º̈ Ÿa § k :oFdilb
¦ c© oEM©ie§
dŸl ¥ x© zïe§
`Ÿl´ e§ m¦i†©nÎEv£gx¦§ i crFn ²¥
xi¬¦hw§ d© l§ zx½¥Ẅl§ Æ©gA§ ¥ fO¦ dÎl
© ¤̀ m³ŸW§ b¦ a§ F`´ Ez®ª nï
`l̈e§ Ì̈n© oEWC§ w§
© i .`p̈n¦f oMW © n¥ A§ :d«ëŸdi«l
© n© l§ .oFdlri © d†¤X`¦
:ï§i mc̈w¢ `p̈ÄxEw `ẅQ̈`© l§ ®.`ẄÖW
© l§ `g̈Ac
§ n© l§ oFdaxw
© n¦ A§ F` .oEzEn§i
dz̈¸ i§ d̈
« e§ Ez®ª nï `Ÿl´ e§ m†¤dil¥ b§ x©e§ m¬¤dic§¥i E²vg £ x«¨ § `k
© e¦ :mz̈
oFdic§¥i .oEWC§ wi « ŸxŸc« l§ Fr† x©§ flE§ F¬l m²l̈FrÎwg̈ m¯¤dl̈
t :oFdix¥c̈l§ idFpa
¦ l¦ e§ Dil¥ ®.ml© r̈ mïw§ oFdl§ idzE
¥ .oEzEn§i `l̈e§ oFdilb¥ x©e§
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
mC¦ ©n zFG©d§l F` ,m¦iA© x© §rd̈ oi¥aE zix§ ¦gW
© i¥pt§ ¦l xFI¦M oi¥̀ §e c¥rFn l¤ ` i¥pt§ l¦ g© A¥§fn¦ x©nFl§M
:dẍf̈ dc̈Fa£r ixi¦ ¥ rU
§ E g© i¦WÖ©d o¥ M x©R i¥Rl© M§ `r̈§nw¦ KEWn̈ ,c©vi¥M `©d ,c¥rFn l¤ `
,EzEnï Ev£gx¦ §i `l m¦` `©d .EzEnï `Ÿle§ z ¤̀ hi :(` hp) mi¦gä§fA¦ dïEp§W KM̈ ,mFxC̈©d
dŸ©` e`l̈ l©lM§ n¦ E ,zFll̈§M Ex§n`§ ¤p dxFY© ¨ AW ¤ dïd̈ z©g`© z©aA§ .mdi ¤ l¥ b§ x© z ¤̀ e§ mdi ¤ c§¥i
o`M̈ oi¥̀ W § ,oFvi¦gd© .g© A§
¥ fO¦ d© l ¤̀ :o¥d ©rn¥ FW (a hi) mi¦gä§fA¦ Epi¦pẄ Kk̈§e ,eil̈§bx§ ©e eic̈ï WC©¥wn§
`Ÿle§ `k :x¥vg̈¤A `l̈¥̀ c¥rFn l¤ ` z©ì¦A Fcï g© i¦Pn© ,m¦il© b§ x§ ©e m¦icï© WEC¦w c©vi¥M
g© A¥§fO¦ A© W¥OW© n§ d© l©r dz̈i¦n ai¥Ig© §l .EzEnï Fcï§e ,zi¦pn̈§id© Fl§bx© i¥A©B l©r zi¦pn̈§id©
dp̈FW`xd̈ ¦ dz̈i¦OO¦ W ¤ ,m¦il© b§ x§ © uEgx§ Epi¥̀ §e :WC©
©e m¦icï ¥wn§ E ,zi¦l`n̈V § d© Fl§bx© i¥A©B l©r zi¦l`n̈V § d©
:lk̈i¥dl© qp̈§k¦Pd© l©r `l̈¥̀ Ep§rn© Ẅ `l z ¤h§w xi¦hw§ d© §l .crFn ¥ ldŸ¤ ` l ¤̀ m`Ÿ¨ aA§ k
ixtq lka rxln ìde zg` `hyta gafnd zaiz .Æ©gA§ ¥ fO¦ d© l` mzyba e` k :wecwcd wlg
:l"f ep`fpel n"x zhiy ìde ,miinlyexide oniz
hy `yz ik l zeny 309
b"qx xiqtz
d¬¤WŸnÎl ¤̀ d†ëŸdi§ x¬¥Ac§©ie© ak ‡iqEn
© dNl
© `© mN© M© m'zª (ak
:xni
© n¥ l§ dWŸ © :xŸn`
¤ n mr¦ ï§i liN¥ nE « N¥ on¦ Jl© 'c'kª t§ Yp`© e§ (bk :`ni © lM
¦ Y©
JqnË ¦ l`© on¦ .A`©ih`Ë © l`© qEx
mi´¦nÜA§ L» lÎg § w© dÝ̈`© § bk 'd©i`n© qn'k© ul`'
¦ kË © l`©
Aii¦ Hl
© `© cErËl`© onE ¦ .l`w'z © n¦
zF`½ n¥ W´¥n£g ÆxFxC§Îxn̈ W` ¼ Ÿx .l`w'z © n¦ oiqn'
¦ k© e§ oiY© i`
§ n© dŸtvpª
oiY© i`
§ n© dxi© x'‹§© cËl`© Av© w§ on¦ e§
Fzi
† v£ ¦ gn«© mU¬¤ ¤ AÎon̈P§ w¦ e§ qn'k© .hqwË ªl`© onE ¦ (ck :oiqn' ¦ k© e§
Îd¥pw§ E« m¦i®z̈`n̈E mi´¦Xn£ ¦g l`w'z© n¦ A§ l`w'z

Nnª oEYi©GlË`© odCª onE
© n¦ 'd©i`n©
¦ .qCwË ªl`©
Y`© e§ :m¦iz̈« `n̈E mi¬¦Xn£ ¦ g mU¤ Ÿa† odcª Jl`' ¦ c© r©pv`¦ e§ (dk :hqwË ªl`©
`x©H§ r© nª `xh © rª .qCwË ªl`© gqn¦
lwz
© n© ì̈kC̈ `xi¨ n¥ .`Ẅix¥ oinqEA ¦ jl̈ aq©
lwz
© n© DizEbl
¥ R© mU © A§ on̈§Pw¦ e§ .d`¨ n§ Wn£¥g
d ¾C̈w¦ § ck :oiWn
¦ g© e§ oz`
© n̈ lwz
© n© `n̈qEa i¥pwE ®.oiWn
¦ g© e§ oz`
© n̈
¤ We§ Wc¤ŸT® d© lw´¤

:oid«¦ z¦i†f© on¬¤ ¤ WA§ zF`† n¥ W¬¥n£g
:`p̈id¦ il¥ n§ `z̈i¥f gWnE
© ®.`ẄcEw irl
¥ q¦ A§ d`¨ n§ Win£
¥ g lwz
© n© .`z̈ri
£ vwE
¦
zg© w†©x§ n¦ gw© Ÿx¬ Wc¤ŸwÎz ¤µ FzÀ Ÿ` z̈i´¦Ur̈ §
½ g© W§ n«¦ on¤ W dk
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û

:dr̈i¦vw§ mi¦nk̈£g oFW§la¦ E ,aU ¤ r¥ WxU¤ m¥W .mU ¤ A¤ on̈P§ w¦ e§ :mi¦aEW£g .W`Ÿx min¦ ÜA§ bk
i¥nk§ g© FA Ew§lg§ ¤p§e ,oi¦bFl xÜr̈ mi¥pW § .oid¦ aFh ÈdW § W¥i ,Èd u¥r z©Ri¦lw§ oFnP̈¦Td© W ¤ i¦t§l
z¤̀ Ew§lẄ FA x¥nF` xi¦`n¥ i¦Ax¦ l¥̀ xÜ § ¦i ,u¥r M
§ `l̈¥̀ Epi¥̀ W
§ W¥ie
§ ,m©
r h
© e
§ aFh g
© i x
¥ FA W¥ie§
z¤̀ KEql̈ `l£d©e dc̈Ed§i i¦Ax¦ Fl x©n`¨ .oix§ ¦wr¦ d̈ :aFH©d o¦n ,m¤UA¤ on̈§Pw¦ x©nFl Kx§ ¨vdª Kk̈§l
N¤W ,m¦in© A§ mE`x¨W § `l̈¥̀ ,w¤tq¤ Epi¥̀ oix§ ¦wr¦ d̈ Fz¨à̈£d zi¦vg£ n© .m¦iz̈`n̈E miX¦ n£ ¦ g Fziv£ ¦ gn©
m¤di¥l£r si¦vd¥ KM̈ x©g`© e§ ,o¤nX ¤ d© z¤̀ Er§la§ ¦i W¥ng£ FNª M `v̈§n¦p ,m¦iz© `n̈E mi¦Xn¦ g£ `¤dY§
l©rn¥ o¤nX ¤ ©l Fgẗ§wE g© ixd̈
¥ h©lT̈¤W c©r o¤nX ¤ d© dÖl̈ ,o¥M m¦` ,xFxC§ xn̈ xEri¦W Fn§M ,zF`¥n
xäC̈ m¥W g© x .zg© w© x§n¦ gwŸ© x dk :oix§ ¦wr¦ d̈ Fì¦ad£ l© ì¦d aEzM̈©d zx¥ ©f§B ,oi¦`v̈£g FA xn̈¡`¤p
Èd ix£ ¥d©e ,dl̈§rn© §l ÈdW§ g© i¦kFn m©rH© d© §e ,Èd oi¥̀ W
§ ,zFr x§
¨ k d
© i¥
Y W
§ FA zFAx© §d§l ,oi¦`v̈£gl©
r©bx (eh `p diryi) Fn§M Epi¥̀ §e ,r©bx ,g© x Fn§M :(` d sc) zFzxk̈§ ¥ A dïEp§W Kk̈§e ,o¦i©rA§ o¦i©r oi¦lw§ FW
m©rH© d© W
¤ ,ux¨ ¤`d̈ r© x (d an E diryi) Fn§kE ,mÏ©d W¥IW ¤ i¦t§l m¤ AÎ§NW ¤ d¤pẅ .mUŸ ¤ a d¥pwE §
d¤GW¤ c©r ,Fx¥ag£ A© axFr§ ¨ Od© xäC̈ lk̈§e ,dḦ©n§l :m¤ A x©nFl Kx§ ¨vdª ,m¤ AÎ§NW ¤ op̈i¥̀ W § mi¦pẅ
§n iExẅ m©rh© F` g© ix¥ F` d¤Gn¦ g© t¥ Fw .dC̈w¦ e§ ck :FNª
:z©gw© x¦ M lẅ§Wn¦ K©q .m¦iz̈`n̈E miX¦ n£ ¦g
310 `yz ik l zeny iy
b"qx xiqtz
odCª oEMi§ j`'c©M§ .x`H© r© 'drp © v¦
¤ W g© w®¥Ÿx d´¥Ur«
Îzg© W§ n«¦ on¬¤ £ n©
dPn¦ gqn © `¦ e§ (ek :qCwË ªl`© gqn¦ gW
© n§ .Dizï § i¦ Wc¤Ÿw†
¥ cia¥ r£ z© e§ :d«i¤d«
lË`© wECpv¦ e§ .x'vg © nË© l`© À' © k§
rin¦ B§ e§ dC©i`§ nË
© lè© (fk :dC` © d© X§
cäFr mQEa
© n§ mqFA
© .`ẄcEw zEax§
.`dY©
© ip¦ `© e§ dx`©
© pnË § lè© .`dY©© ip¦ `© :id§
¥ i `ẄcEw zEax§ gW© n§ ®.Epn̈qEA
gA'c
© nE © (gk :xEk'AËl`© gA'c
.dŸYi©p¦ `© rin¦ B§ e§
© nE
dCi© r¦ SË
©
§ l`©
ld¤ Ÿ`Îz
´ ¤̀ Fa† ¬Ÿg§ W«
© n̈E ek
.mdqª C¦ w© e§ (hk :dŸCrw § nE
© 'uegË © lè© :zc«ªr«¥ d̈ oFx£̀
¬ z†¥̀ e§ crFn
®¥
.q`Cw© `Ë © l`© uè'© k§ on¦ il¦ EpEM©il¦
:qC©w© Y§ mdª A§ `©pC§ on© lMª
`p̈Fx £̀ zïe§ ®.`p̈n¦f oMW
© n© zï DiA¥ iA¥ xzE
©
Æog̈l§ Xª dÎz
© ¤̀ § fk :`z̈Ec£dq̈C§
z†¥̀ e§ d̈i®¤lMÎz ¥ ¤̀ e§ d†¨ xŸpO§ dÎz© ¤̀ e§ eil̈½ MÎl ¥ M̈Îz ¤̀ e§
zïe§ `z̈xp̈§ n§ zïe§ .idFp ¨ R̈ zïe§ :zx¤Ÿh
¦ n̈ lM̈ zïe§ `xEz « T§ d© g¬©A§fn¦
d†l̈Ÿrd̈ « g¬©A§fn¦ Îz ¤̀ § gk :Ì̈nqEA © zxŸ¤hwC¦ `g̈Ac§ n© zïe§ ®.`d̈©pn̈
`g̈Ac§ n© zïe§ :FP« MÎz © ¤̀ e§ xŸI†M¦ d© Îz ¤̀ e§ ei®l̈MÎl ¥ M̈Îz ¤̀ e§

Ý̈W§ C©w¦ § hk :Diqi¥ q¦ A§ zïe§ `xFI ¨ M¦ zïe§ ®.idFp
¦ n̈ lM̈ zïe§ `z̈l̈r£ C©
:WC̈« w§ i¦ m†¤dÄ r¬¥ © bŸPdÎl

© M̈ mi®¦Wc̈ẅ« Wc¤Ÿẃ Ei†d̈e§ mz̈½ Ÿ`
:WC© wz¦
© i oFdA§ axw¦
© iC§ lM̈ ®.oiWcEw
¦ WcŸ¤w oFdie¦ .oFdzï
§ WiC¥wzE
©
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û

ì¦d dïEp§WE .oi¦WC© §wn§ oi¥̀ m¤dl̈ iE`x¨ Epi¥̀ W § zEpÖ ª̀ ic§ ¥i l©r iEUr̈¤d g© x .zg© w© x§n¦ gwŸ© x
xn̈¡`¤PW¤ KFY¦n ,©gA¥§fn¦ l¤v ¥̀ dn̈¥lW § dp̈§Wn¦ :xäC̈©A oÖ ª̀d̈ m¥W .g© wFx
¥ dU ¥ r£ n© :zFaFx§rz© §e
©rn¥ FW ,WC̈§w¦i g© A¥§fO¦ A© ©r¥bP©d lM̈ (fl hk zeny) ,zi¦pë§i i¦k oi¦nM§ zFgi¦WO§ d© lM̈ .Fa Ÿg§ W© n̈E ek
x©nFl cFn§lY¦ ,iE`x¨ Epi¥̀ W § oi¥A iE`x¨ oi¥A i¦p£̀
lM̈ .iE`x¨ lM̈ s©` m¦iE`x§ mi¦Uä§M d©n ,mi¦Uä§M ŸW§ C©w¦ e§ hk :x¤f¥p oi¦nM§ o¥dW ¤ mi¦kl̈§O©NW¤ n¦ uEg
oFW§l mB̈xEz§
§ n mi¦kl̈§nE mi¦p£ k§e oM̈W § n¦ z©gi¦Wn§ W ¤w zFi§d¦l mŸW ©wn§ Ff dg̈i¦Wn§ .mz̈Ÿ`
§ C©
,dN̈c§ªb¦l `l̈¥̀ oz̈g̈i¦Wn§ KxFv ¤ oi¥̀ W § i¦t§l ,iEAx¦ lM̈ ,'ebe ©r¥bP©d lM̈ ,mz̈Ẍc§
ªw ì¦d d©nE ,mi¦Wc̈ẅ
x¨`W § E ,oz̈N̈c§ªB KEP¦g d¤GW ¤ ,K¤lO¤ d© c©Q¦i o¥k i¦M yFcẅ FkFz§l qp̈§k¦PX ¤ n¦ zx¥Ẅ i¦lk§ l¦ iE`xd̈
¨
,oi¦gEW§n oi¦wi¦wx§ (a hk zeny) oFb§M zFgi¦Wn§ lEa§ha¦ E dp̈i¦la§ E `¥vFi§A l¥qR̈¦l sEB©d z©Xc§ ªw
oFW§l ,EgẄ§n¦i mi¦pn̈W § zi¦W`x§ ¥e (e e qenr) xäC̈ lä£̀ ,oi¦Ngª§l z`¥vl̈ dC̈§t¦p Epi¥̀ §e ,mFi
ìy `yz ik l zeny 311
b"qx xiqtz
ei†p̈ÄÎz ¤̀ e§ oŸx£¬ d`Îz
«© ¤̀ e§ l mdq
ª C¦ w© e§ .dip¦ AE
§ oExd© gqn
© `¦ e§ (l
m†z̈Ÿ` ¬ŸW§ C©w¦ e§ g®Ẅn§ Y¦ ip¦ A§ xnE
ª (`l :il¦ EO‹ `©
¦ il§
`'c©d© oEMi§ .`l© i`
¦ w© li`¦ xq
§ `¦
¦ A§ zïe§ oŸxd£ `© zïe§ :il
idFp «¦ o¬¥dk© l§ qCwË
ªl`© gqn¦ od'Cª .mMª l§
:in̈c̈w¢ `ẄÖW
© l§ oFdzï
§ WiC¥wzE
© ®.iA¥ x©Y§ ii`© oC©A§ 'il© r§ (al :mMª l`©
§ iB`© l§
x´¥Ac©Y§ l†¥̀ xÜ¦ § i i¬p¥ AÎl

§ ¤̀ § `l dŸY`©idME
§ .dPn¦ odC
© iª `l© o`qp
© `¦
Ed `n© M§ e§ .dŸl'zn¦ oErpv
§ Y© `l©
Wc¤Ÿw̧Îzg© W§ n«¦ on¤ W ¤ Â xŸn`
® l¥ :mMª l§ oEMi§ `qC
© wª j`'c©M§ .qCwª
.dŸl'zn¦ A§ xH© r© Y§ o`qp
© `¦ ii`© (bl
¤ z¥ Ÿx«Ÿcl§ i†¦l d²¤f d¬¤id¦
mr¦ e§ :m«ki §i rh¦ wp©
§ i .iA¦ pB
§ `© 'il© r§ dPn¦ lr© B§ e`©
zEax§ .gW
© n§ .xni
© n¥ l§ liN¥ n© Y§ l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i i¥pA§ dNl
© `© l`w© e§ (cl :dŸnew© on¦
Îl © al :oFkix¥c̈l§ il¦ ®.oic¥ id§¥ i `ẄcEw

EU† r£ z«© `Ÿl¬ FY½ p§ Mª z§ n©¸ aE § Kq̈½ ii¦ `Ÿl´ Æmc̈`¨ x³©UA§
¤ l̈ d¬¤id«§ i¦ Wc¤Ÿw† Èd½ Wc¤Ÿẃ EdŸn® M̈
¨ A¦ lr© :m«k
`Ẅp̈¡`C¤ `xU
id§
¥ i `ẄcEw ®.Èd `ẄcEw .Dizë
¥ M§ oEcAr
§ z© `l̈ .DizEnc
¥ aE
¦ .jQ© Y¦
© i `l̈
EP†¤On¦ o²¥Yi¦ x¬¤W£̀ «e© EdŸn½ M̈ gw´©x¦§ i x´¤W£̀ Wi ¦µ bl :oFkl§
Di¥Pn¦ oiY¦
¥ icE .Dizëk © C¦ xa© B§ :ei«Ör«
¥ C¦ mQ© ai © n¥ z†© xk§ p¦ e§ x®f̈Îlr©
dW ¤¹ ŸnÎl ¤̀ d¸ëŸdi§ Áxn`¤ ŸI © cl q :DiO¥ r© n¥ i¥viYW¦
¥ ie§ ®.i©pFlig¦ lr©
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û

z©gR̈ m¦` lä£̀ ,o¤nW ¤ oi¦d zC¦ ©n i¦tl§ EN©Nd© .mki ¥ xŸcl§ `l :zix§
¤ zŸ ¦a¦r oFW§lM¦ o¤dÄ zi¦nx£̀
¨
,xŸnª o¤nW ¤ oi¦d zC¦ ©n i¦t§l oi¦pn̈§Oq© dÄx¦ F` ci¦z£rl̈ mÏ©w FNª MW¤ x©nFl Epi¥zFAx¦ Ec§nl̈ o`M̈¦n
KQ̈©d oi¥̀ ,d¤fÎ§NW ¤ FY§pMªz§ n© A§ iEUr̈¤d s©`§e :Fe£d oi¦bFl x©qix¥Y§ dïx© §hn§ i¥bA§ .d¤f :àl̈
.FYp§ Mª z§ n© aE
§ :Fg§wFxd̈ `l̈¥̀ aÏ©g Ep¤On¦ ,l¥rR̈¦i `l oFW§l ,o"iCFi § A¦ .Kq̈i¦i `Ÿl al
¦ i¥pW
,mi¦pa¥ N§ d© z¤pMz§ n© (g d zeny) Fn§M ,oFAW § g¤ oFW§l xU © A§ lr© :Kl̈ a©hi¦i o©rn© §l (eh d mixac) Fn§M
oY¥ i¦ xW£̀ ¤ e© bl :zxFh§¤ w©NW¤ DŸ§pMªz§ n© A§ o¥k§e :Fn§v©r d¤Gd© o¤nX ¤ d© o¦n .Kq̈i¦i `Ÿl mc̈`¨
§ .xf̈ lr© :d ¤ nÎ§NW
Epi¥̀ W ¤ FzF`¥n .EPO¤ n¦ mEk§qA¦ .EdŸnM̈ EUr£ z© `Ÿl FYp§ Mª z§ n© aE §
:zEk§ln© E dP̈d§
ªM KxFv¤ oi¦pÖ©q l©wW§ n¦ A§ EdFnM̈ x¥g`© EU£rz© `l eip̈Ö©q
312 `yz ik l zeny aiy
b"qx xiqtz
`dp © n¦ .`'©bEnv§ Jl© c'kª ‡iqEn © l§
| s³ḧp̈ miOÀ¦ q© ĹlÎg
§ w©
Aih¦ x`t'v © `© e§ o`ql © A© cEr mi†¦Oq© dp̈½ A§ l§ g¤ e§ Æzl¤ g¥̧ WE §
.iM'
¦ c§ oÀ© lª rn© 'bEnv§ .dr© i` § nE
©
dŸrpv § `¦ e§ (dl :d©ie` ¦ qY© nª `©fB`© :d«i¤d«§ i¦ c†©aA§ c¬©A d®M̈©f d´p̈ŸalE
§
.x`H© r© 'drp © v¦ xhrª .xE'kA¦
`ẗFhp̈ .oinqEA
¦ jl̈ aq© dWŸ ¤ nl§ ï§i xn© £̀ e©
:`q© C§ w© nª `x©D§ h© nª `“©h© nª
.`wi © w¦ C§ `dp © n¦ wgq © Y¦ e§ (el
`z̈p§ FalE oinqEA
¦ .`z̈p§ FAlg¤ e§ `xtEh
¨ e§
it¦ dC` © d© XË
§ l`© `'c©g§ dŸlrB § `¦ e§ :id§
¥i lwz
© n© A§ lwz
© n© ®.`z̈ik¦ C̈
zx¤Ÿh½ w§ ÆDz̈Ÿ` z̈i³¦Ur̈ § dl
cia¥ r£ z© e§ :Wc¤Ÿw« xFd¬ ḧ g†N̈nª n§ g© wFx £ n© gw© Ÿx†
®¥ d´¥Ur«
:`ẄcEwl§ ik¥ C§ ax©r̈n§ ®.Epn̈qEA cäFr mqFA
© .oinqEA
¦ zxŸ¤hw§ Dzï
©
i³¥pt§ l¦ dP̈O¤¹ n¦ dŸ¸ z«
© p̈e§ w¼ c¥d̈ dP̈
» O¤ n¦ Ý̈w§ g«
© Ẅ § el
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
z¤̀ oi¦tẄ FA `l̈¥̀ xḧ§w¦p Epi¥̀ dp̈i¦Wx© §M sxÜ̈ `l̈¥̀ Epi¥̀ W ¤ l©re§ ,ix¢¦v Èd .sḧp̈ cl
.d¤id¦ § i ca© A§ cA© :d¨`p̈ `¤dY§ W ¤ dp̈a§Nl© oxFR¦ ¤ vd© ,`"neb frlae sḧp̈ iExẅ sḧ§Td© i¥v£rn¥ s¥hFP©d
lẅ§Wn¦ oi¦eeW Ei§d¦i o`M̈ mixM̈§ ¦ f¦Pd© dr̈Äx© §`d̈ EN¥̀ WxU ¤ .zl¤ g¥ WE § :`"wiixiz Fl oixFw ¦ ix¢ ¦Sd© §e
,d¤fÎ§NW ¤ Flẅ§Wn¦ KM̈ d¤fÎ§NW ¤ Flẅ§Wn¦ M§ ,lẅ§Wn¦ A§ dp̈§WO¦ d© oFW§la¦ E ,oxFR¦
¤ vM§ xi¦dv§ n© E wl̈g̈ m¤ A
,oxFR¦
¤ Sd© §e ix¢ ¦Sd© (` e zezixk) Epi¦pẄ o¥k§e :`x§ ¨tEh§e qFl§w§p ª̀ m¤Bx§Y¦ W
¤ Ed¤fe§ ,oxFR¦
¤ v iExẅ
mi¦ra§ W ¦ mi¦ra§ W ¦ l©wW § n¦ dp̈Fa§Nd© §e dp̈§Al§ g¤ d© ,`palb Fl oixFw§ ¦ e rx¨ Fgix¥W¤ m¤ A .dp̈A§ l§ g¤ e§
oFW§l Èd§W i©pi¥rA§ d¨`x¦ §p c©A oFy§lE .d¤pn̈ ,Epc§ ¥O©l§l ,zxFh§¤ Td© i¥pÖ©q oi¥A aEzM̈©d D¨`p̈§nE
:d¤f Fn§M d¤f d¤id§ ¦i ,cg̈¤̀ A§ cg̈¤̀ ,ci¦gï zCª ©b£̀ A© EpÖ¦r sxv̈§¥ l Epi¥pi¥rA§ l©w¥i `N¤W
oz̈ẅi¦gW § axr̈§
¥ IW¤ ,axFr§
¨ n FnEBx© §zM§ .gN̈nª n§ dl l¥̀ xÜ § ¦i i¥rW § FR z¤̀ Epi¥zFN¦tz§ E Epi¥zFI¦pr§ Y©
Fl d¤nFC¤W i¦p£̀ x¥nF`§e .d¤f m¦r d¤f d¤tï d¤tï dp̈ŸalE § :mix¥ ¦g£̀ .miO¦ q© :EpÖ¦r oi¦pn§ ¦p Ei§d¦IW
¤
K¦ig© N̈©n (fk fk l`wfgi) ,mi¦gN̈©Od© E`x¦ §Ie© (d ` dpei)
oi¦pÖ©q xÜr̈ c©g`© Epi¥zFAx¦ Ec§nl̈ o`M̈¦n .dM̈©f
m¦iO© d© z¤̀ oi¦kR§ d© O§ W ¤ m¥W l©r ,K¦il© § g§e
,m¦i©pW§ mi¦Oq© hEr¦n i©pi¦qA§ d ¤ n§l Fl Ex§n`§ ¤p
mc̈¨`M§ ,dp̈i¦tQ§ d© z¤̀ mi¦bi¦d§pn© W ¤ M§ ,zFhFWn̈§A
,dẌ¦ng£ ix£ ¥d ,d ¨ l§W dp̈§Al§ g¤ e§ z¤lg¥ W§ E sḧp̈
,m¦iO© d© m¦r oäxr̈§
§ l zFtx§ ªh mi¦vi¥A s©kA§ K¥Rd© O§ d©
,dxÜ̈£r ix£ ¥d ,EN¥̀ Fn§M cFr zFAx§ ©l ,mi¦Oq©
,d¤tï d¤tï axr̈§ ¥ l d¤vFx mc̈¨`d̈W ¤ xäC̈ lk̈§e
ix¢¦Sd© o¥d EN¥̀ e§ xÜr̈ c©g`© ix£ ¥d dp̈Fa§lE
xFdḧ gN̈nª n§ :Kf̈Ä©A F` rÄ§v ¤̀ Ä Fk§Rd© n§ ,dr̈i¦vw§ E xFn ,dp̈Fa§Nd© §e dp̈§Al§ g¤ d© ,oxFR¦¤ vd© §e
:d¤id§ ¦i W ¤w§e d¤id§ ¦i xFdḧ§e d¤id§ ¦i gN̈n§ ªn .WcŸ¤w z¤lFAX ¦ d© W
¤ ,dp̈Fn§W ix£
¥d ,mMx© §k§e C§x¥
§p z¤lFAW ¦
mFi lk̈§AW ¤ z ¤h§w ì¦d .'ebe dP̈O¤ n¦ dŸzp̈ © e§ el h§ W§ FT©d ,z¤lFA¦W§l d¤nFC C§x¥ §Pd© W
¤ ,cg̈¤̀ C§x¥ §p§e
:c¥rFn l¤ `§A ÈdW § ,i¦ni¦pR§ d© g© A¥§fn¦ l©rW § mFië zixFA ¦ .xÜr̈ c©g`© ix£ ¥d oFnP̈¦Td© e§ dẗEN¦Td© §e
biy `yz ik `l zeny 313
b"qx xiqtz
x²¤W£̀ crFn ¥½ ld¤ Ÿ`´ A§ Æzcªr«¥ d̈ 'zig© .x'vg
© nË
© l`© À'
© k§
Wc¤Ÿw¬ dÖ®Ẅ L† l§ crË ¬¥ `¦ on¦ mkª l§ oEM©ie¦ .J`©pdª Jx'© v`g
ª `©
xEkAË § lè© (fl :q`Cw© `Ë© l`© uè'© k§
wFgWz¦ e§ :m«k ¤ l̈ d¬¤id§ Y«¦ mi†¦Wc̈ẅ« `l© dŸY`©id© M§ .dŸrpv § Y© i'c¦ N§ `©
.mMª l§ oEMi§ `qC © wª .mMª l§ Erpv§ Y©
`z̈Ec£dq̈ mc̈w¢ .D©Pn¦ oiY¥ z¦ e§ .wiC¥z© e§ D©Pn¦
o`qp© `¦ i`© (gl :dN© l¦ Ed `n© M§
®.oÖY© jl̈ ix¦ni
§ n¥ oinf̈
¥ £̀ C© .`p̈n¦f oMW © n© A§ .dŸA x'k© AY© © il§ dŸl'zn¦ r©pv§
Æzx¤ŸḩT§ d© § fl :oFkl§ id¥ Y§ oiWcEw
¦ WcŸ¤w m'zª (` `l :dŸnew© on¦ rh¦ wp© § i
:`ni© lM
¦ Y© iqEn
© dNl
© `© mN© M©
DŸ½ p§ Mª z§ n©¸ A§ dU¤½ r£ Y «© x´¤W£̀ mq`¦ Yt“©y© Cw© x'vp ª `¦ (a
Wc¤Ÿw² m®¤kl̈ EU† r£ z «© `Ÿl¬ on¦ xEg oA`¦ ixE`

dit¦ YlnM`
¦ oA`¦ .l ¥̀ lv© A§
© e© (b :dcEdi
© hAq¦
zxŸ¤hwE :d«ëŸdi«l © L† l§ d¬¤id§ Y«¦ .dnM
© g¦ A§ .dNl
© `© Cpr¦ on¦ mlr¦
oEcAr
§ z© `l̈ .DzEnc
© A¦ .cia¥ r£ z© C§ oinqEA
¦
d¬¤Ur«£ i©ÎxW£̀ ¤ Wi²¦ gl :ï§i mc̈w¢ jl̈ id¥ Y§ ®.`ẄcEw .oFkl§
£ iC§ .xa© B§ :ei«Ör«
cia¥ r© © n¥ z†© xk§ p¦ e§ D®Ä gi © x´¦ d̈l§ d̈Fn† k̈
d†ëŸdi§ x¬¥Ac§©i © ` `l q :DiO¥ r© n¥ i¥viYW¦ ¥ ie§ ®.Da© `g̈x¨`¨ l§ Dzëk
© C¦
d†¥̀ § a :xni© n¥ l§ dWŸ¤ n mr¦ ï§i liN¥ nE© :xŸn`« N¥ d¬¤WŸnÎl ¤̀

d¬¥Hn© l§ xEgÎo † a¤ ixE`Îo
¬¦ A¤ l²¥̀ l©
§ vA§ m®¥Wa§ iz` ¦ x´¨ẅ
`ḧaW¦ l§ xEg xa© ixE` ¦ A¦ x©C§ i¦fg£ :dc̈
¦ xA© ®.l ¥̀ l©vA§ .mFWa§ izi « Ed§i
d²n̈k§ g̈A§ mi®¦dŸl¡` gE © x́ Fz† Ÿ` `¬¥Nn£̀ © «¨ b :dc̈EdiC¦
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
:xEA¦Sl© Dx§ ¨qn̈§l ic§ ¥rFn lM̈ .dÖẄ Ll§ cr¥ Ë`¦ xW£̀
¥M KN̈¤Xn¦ DŸ§pMªz§ n© A§ ic£ ¤
z¤̀ ,i¦Yk§ `©ln§ zFU£rl© .mW ¥ a§ iz`
¦ x¨ẅ a `l FzF`§l mr̈§aFw i¦p£̀ ,Kl̈ r©Aw§ ¤̀ W ¤ xEAC¦
©rn¥ FW mc̈¨`W ¤ d©n .dn̈k§ g̈A§ b :l¥̀ §l©vA§ :d̈i¤pn̈§Oq© o©i§pn¦ A§ .DŸp§ Mª z§ n© A§ fl :mFwn̈
,FA¦Nn¦ xäC̈ oi¦an¥ .dp̈Eaz§ aE ¦g£̀ n¥ `l̈¥̀ dP̈¤U£rz© `N¤W .'dl© Ll§ d¤id§ Y¦ WcŸ¤w
¦ :c¥nl̈§e mix¥
:W ¤T©d g© Ex .zr© c©aE§ :c©nN̈¤W mixä
¦ C§ KFY¦n dŸ©` dU ¤ Fr lä£̀ .DÄ gi © x¦d̈l§ gl :i¦nW§ l¦
314 `yz ik `l zeny ciy
b"qx xiqtz
rin¦ B§ A§ dt© xr § nE © mdtE ¦
Îlk̈aE
§ zr†© © caE§ d¬p̈Eaz§ aE ¦
.od© nË© là¦ w'c` ¦ g© (c :ri`© ¦ pSË § l`© gEx
© DiO¥ r¦ zini ¥ `© e§ :d«k̈`l̈n
¦ lW §
dS'© tË ª lè© Ad' © cË§ l`© 'drp© v¦ A§
.xde© BË © l`© hx'kAE © (d .q`g© PË § lè©
Epz̈lkEqaE
§ ®.dn̈kg̈A§ .ï§i mc̈w¢ on¦
ln© r§ e© .Ay' © kË
© l`© xB©pe§ m`'v© Pl` § l¦ aŸW† g§ © c :`c̈ia¦ r£ lk̈aE rC©naE
©
Cw© t§ `©p`§ e© (e :ri`© ¦ pSl § `© xi` ¦ q©
oA`¦ aìld` .Dil© `¦ YnO' © v© a¬d̈G̈A© zFU ² r«£ l© zŸa® Ẅ£gn «©
Alw© itE ¦ .oC hAq¦ on¦ jnqig` ¦
o`© .dnM © g¦ Ylr© B§ Cw© miM¦ g§ lMª `ẗN̈`© l§ ¤ Ÿg« P§ aE
:zW © sq†¤ ¤ MaE©
:JYx© n© `§ `n© rin¦ B§ Erpv© § i `R̈qkaE
© À̈dc© A§ ®.ca© r£ n© l§ .oëp§ ÖE`
wECpv¦ e§ x'vg © nË © l`© À' © k§ (f
i'c¦ N§ `© `y' © bË§ lè© .dC` © d© XË § l`© oa²¤̀
¤ zW ¤ Ÿx£
¬ gaE«© d :`Ẅg̈paE¦
:À' © kË ¦ l`© 'd©ip¦ `© xi` ¦ q© e§ .Dil© r§
ur®¥ zW ¤ Ÿx́£gaE
«© z`ŸN† n© l§
`n̈l̈W`© l§ .à̈ḧ oa¤ ¤̀ zEpÖEàE :d«k̈`l̈nÎl§ k̈A§ zFU† r« £ l©
iY´©
¦ zp̈ d¯¥Pd¦ iºp£̀ ¦ «© e :`c̈ia¦ r£ lk̈A§ ca© r¡n¤ l§ ®.`r̈`¨ zExB̈©paE
oc̈½ ÎdH¥ n© l§ ÆKn̈q̈ig£̀ «¦ ÎoA¤ aì º̈ l¢
¦ d` «¨ z´¥̀ FYÀ `¦
ÎlM̈ z†¥̀ EU¾ r̈e§ d®n̈k§ g̈ iY´© ¦ zp̈ a†¥lÎmk£ © gÎlM̈ a¬¥laE §
jn̈q̈ig¦ £̀ xA© .aì
¨ l¢ © i `d̈ `p̈ £̀ e© :Lzi
¦ d`¨ zï .DiO¥ r¦ zia¦ d§ «¦ E¦v¦ x¬¤W£̀
lM̈ zï ®.oEcAr©
§ ie§ .`z̈nk
§ g̈ zia¦ d§
© i À̈l¦ ini
¥ M¦ g© lM̈ alaE
¥ .oc̈C§ `ḧaW¦ l§
¥ l̈ ÆoŸx`«
zc½ªr« ¨ d̈Îz ¤̀ e§ crFn
¥À ld¤ Ÿ`´ | z´¥ f :jŸciT¥ t© C§
:ld¤ Ÿ`« d̈ i¬¥lMÎl
§ M̈ z†¥̀ e§ ei®l̈r̈ x´¤W£̀ zx¤ŸR† M© dÎz
© ¤̀ e§
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
a©WFn zC¦ ©nl§ z¤vA¤ W § O¦ d© zFU£rl© ,D¨ÈN¦nA§ :a ¥ g dU ¦ .zŸaẄ£gn© aUg§ l© c
¥ £rn© z©bix£̀
cFr§e .'ebe al¥ mk£© g lM̈ al¥ aE § e :Dï§ar̈§e o¤a ¤̀ d̈ (k n diryi) Fn§M ,zEpÖ ª̀ oFW§l .zWŸ ¤ xg
£ ae
© d
FA i¦Yz© p̈ xW
¤ £̀ lk̈§e ,m¤kÄ W¥i a¥l i¥nk§ g© x¨`W § ,oẄExi¥tA§ dP̈¦We§ Wx¥ ¤R qFl§w§pE`§e ,mk̈g̈ Wxg̈ ¨
:Li¦zi¦Ev¦ xW ¤ £̀ lM̈ z¥̀ EUr̈§e dn̈§kg̈ :xB̈©p iExẅ u¥r Wxg̈§ ¨ e ,oÖ ª̀ iExẅ mi¦pä£̀ Wxg̈¤
¨W
:zEc¥rd̈ zFgEl KxFv§ ¤ l .zcªr¥ l̈ oŸx`¨ d̈ z ¤̀ e§ f DN̈¤W z¤vA¤ W § O¦ A© däi¦WFd§l .z`ŸNn© l§
ehy `yz ik `l zeny 315
.`z̈Ec£dq̈l§ `p̈Fx £̀ zïe§ .`p̈n¦f oMW

© n© zï b"qx xiqtz
i¥pn̈ lM̈ zïe§ ®.idFl
¦ r£ C© `ŸxEtM̈ zïe§ `dY©© ip¦ `© e§ dC©i` ¦ nË© lè© (g
dx©d` § HË © l`© dx`©
© pnË
§ lè©
Îz ¤̀ e§ Æog̈l§ Xª dÎz
© ¤̀ § g :`p̈MW§ n© gA'c
© nE © .`dY©
© ip¦ `© rin¦ B§ e§
d†¨xŸdH§ d© d¬¨ xŸpO§ dÎz

© ¤̀ e§ eil̈½ M¥ dCi© r¦ SË
'uegË
§ l`© gA'c
© lè©
© nE © (h :xEkAË
.dŸYi©p¦ `©
§ l`©
rin¦ B§ e§
g¬©A§fn¦ z†¥̀ e§ d̈i®¤lMÎl¥ M̈Îz ¤̀ e§ .iy§ eË
©l`© A`©i'z¦ e§ (i :dŸCr§ w§ nE ©
oExd© l§ qCwË ªl`© A`©i'z¦ e§
.idFp ¨ R̈ zïe§ :zx¤Ÿh
¦ n̈ zïe§ `xEz « T§ d© dip¦ A§ A`©i'z¦ e§ m`n© `Ë¦ l`©
.gqnË ¦ l`© odcªe§ (ì :dn` © n© `Ë
¦ l`l¦
®.`d̈©pn̈ lM̈ zïe§ `z̈ik¦ C̈ `z̈xp̈§ n§ zïe§
.qCwË ªl`l¦ 'bEnSË § l`© xE‡kAE §
:Ì̈nqEA
© zxŸ¤hwC¦ `g̈Ac
§ n© zïe§
:oErpv©§ i JYx © n© `§ `n© rin¦ B§ M§
Îz ¤̀ e§ d†l̈Ÿrd̈ « g¬©A§fnÎz
¦ ¤̀ § h
`z̈l̈r£ C© `g̈Ac § n© zïe§ :FP« MÎz
© ¤̀ e§ xF†IM¦ dÎz © ¤̀ e§ ei®l̈MÎl ¥ M̈
c®¨xV§ d© i´¥cb§ A¦ z†¥̀ § i :Diqi¥ q¦ A§ zïe§ `xFI ¨ M¦ zïe§ ®.idFp
¦ n̈ lM̈ zïe§
ei†p̈ä i¬¥ ¦ ¤̀ e§ od¥½ ŸMd© oŸx́£d`
cb§ AÎz «© l§ ÆWc¤ŸŢd© i³¥cb§ AÎz ¦ ¤̀ e§
zïe§ ®.`p̈£dM̈ oŸxd£ `© l§ `ẄcEw iWEa
¥ l§ zïe§ .`ẄEOW¦ iWEa¥ l§ zïe§ :o«d ¥ k© l§
Îz ¤̀ e§ d²g̈W§ O¦ d© on¯¤ ¤ W z`¥̧ § ì :`ẄÖW© l§ idFp ¦ a§ iWEa
¥ l§
:EU« r«£ i© L†¦ziE¦vÎx ¦ W£̀¤ lŸk¬ M§ Wc¤ŸT® l© mi†¦OQ© d© zx¤Ÿh¬ w§
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
WW ¥ xM̈§fdª `l§e ,W ¤T©A zx¥Ẅ§l cxÜ § ic§¥ba¦ ic§¥bA¦ z ¥̀ e§ i :xFdḧ ad̈f̈ m¥W l©r .dxŸ¨dH§ d© g
l ,x¥Ac§ ©n dP̈d§ªM ic§ ¥ba¦ A§ m¦è§ ,m¤dÖ¦r i¥̀ `x§ ¨wO¦ Î©NW¤ FhEX¦R i¦tl§ i¦p£̀ x¥nF` .cx¨V§ d©
i¦pẄ z©rl© FY F` on̈B̈x©
§` m¤dn¥ cg̈¤̀ A§ Epi¦vn̈ i¦tl§ ,x¥Ac§ ©n dP̈d§ ªM ic§ ¥ba¦ A§ W¤ x©nFl xẄ§t`¦
§ n W¥i .cx¨V§ d© ic§¥bA¦ :WW
oFW§l mi¦Wxẗ§ ¥ `l§A x£d`© §l W ¤T©d ic§ ¥bA¦ z¤̀§e ml̈§v ¤̀ xn̈¡`¤PW ¤
,`ẄEOW ¦ i¥WEa§l FnEBx© §zM§ ,zExW ¥ §e dc̈Fa£r ic§ ¥bA¦ EN¥̀ `l̈¥̀ ,o¥dk© l§ eip̈ä ic§ ¥bA¦ z¤̀§e o¥ M©d
,x¥nF` i¦p£̀ e© .`x§ ¨wO¦ A© oFi§nC¦ Fl oi¥̀ §e z©rl© Fz§e on̈b̈x© §`d̈§e z¤lk¥ Y§ d© ic§
¥bA¦ m¥d ,cx¨V § d©
,mi¦rl̈§w¦NW
¤ mEBx© §zM§ ,i¦nx£̀ ¨ oFW§l ÈdW § (ai c xacna) zFrQ̈©n z©Wxẗ§ ¨ A oixEn£̀
¦ d̈ ,i¦pẄ
h©gn© A§ mi¦bEx£̀ Eid̈W ¤ ,xÄ§kn¦ §NW¤ mEBx© §z§e eil̈r̈ EUxẗE
§ (bi my) ,z¤lk¥ Y§ c¤bA¤ eil̈r̈ Ep§zp̈§e
:[zW ¤ x]¤ frla u"icivl mi¦aẅ§p mi¦aẅ§p m¦iEU£r c¤bA¤ m¤di¥l£r EUxẗE § (g my) ,on̈B̈x© §` c¤bA¤
K ¤v§l .WcŸ¤Tl© miO¦ Q© d© zxŸ¤hw§ z ¤̀ e§ ì (` hl zeny) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ ,ixä
© C§ oi¦`x¦ §pe§ .i¦pẄ z©rl© FY
:W ¤w ÈdW§ lk̈i¥dd© zxḧ§
© wd© EUr̈ i¦pẌ©d z©rl© Fz§e on̈B̈x© §`d̈§e z¤lk¥ Y§ d© o¦nE
316 `yz ik `l zeny fhy
b"qx xiqtz Ì̈nqEA

© zxŸ¤hw§ zïe§ .`z̈EaxC¦ `g̈Wn¦ zïe§
:`l© i`¦ w© 'iqEn
© l§ dNl © `© l`w© e§ (ai :oEcAr©
§ i jŸciT¥ t© C§ lk̈M§ ®.`ẄcEwl§
lwªe§ li`¦ xq § `¦ ip¦ A§ “nª t§ Yp`© e§ (bi
.`dEv
© tg § `¦ t§ iYEA d†ëŸdi§ xn`
¦ q§ Ò© `© .mdª l§ ¤ Ÿ¬I © ai % ipy
ï§i xn© £̀ e© :xŸn`

« N¥ d¬¤WŸnÎl ¤̀
mkª pi
§ AE © ipi¦ A© .dn` © l© r§ `d© P§ `© l§
dNl© `© iP¦ `© .Enlr § Y© l§ .mkª l`©
§ iB`© l§
.YAqË
.mMª l§
© l`© Evtg § `¦ e§ (ci :mkq
dq© C©w© nª
xA¥̧ C© dYº̈ `© § bi :xni© n¥ l§ dWŸ¤ nl§
ª C¦ w© nª
`d© P§ `© t§
on© lMª e§ .`lY © w© lYwª © i `dl' K¬©` xŸn`
© c`¦ AE © ½ l¥ Æl ¥̀ xÜ¦
§ i i³¥pAÎl
§ ¤̀
rh¦ wp©
§ i .`ln © r© `di © t¦ lnr© © i
:dŸnew© on¦ o`qp © `Ë ÁiM¦ ExŸn® W§ Y¦ i†©zŸzA§ WÎz
¦ l`© Jl`' ¦ c© © ¤̀
r©pvz© m`©I`© 'dY© q¦ (eh
Æmki¥ ¤ pi«aE ¥ i³¦piA¥ èd¹¦ zF`¸
.Y`© e§ :m«k¤ W§ C¦ w© n§ d†ëŸdi§ i¬¦p£̀ i²¦M zr© c¾©l̈ mki ¤½ z¥ Ÿx́Ÿcl§
ix¥ £̀ .oExH§ Y¦ ili
¦ C¦ Ì̈A© W © inFi
¥ zï mx©A§ .xni © n¥ l§ l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i i¥pA§ mr¦ liN¥ n©
:oFkWC¦ w© n§ ï§i `p̈ £̀ ®.ix¥ £̀ .rC© n¦ l§ .oFkix¥c̈l§ oFki¥piaE¥ ix¦ni§ n¥ oiA¥ .ìd¦ z`¨
m®¤kl̈ è†¦d Wc¤Ÿw¬ i²¦M zÄ½ X © dÎz
© ¤̀ ÆmY¤ x§ n© WE § ci
ÆDä d¬¤UŸrd̈ « ÎlM̈ iMÀ¦ zn̈½ Ei zFń Æd̈il¤̧ l«§ g© n§
:d̈i«O¤ r© ax¤T¬¤n¦ è†¦dd© W¤t¬¤Pd© d²z̈x§ k§ p¦ e§ dk̈½ `l̈n§
`l̈ḧwz
§ `¦ D©Pl£
¦ gi© C§ .oFkl§ ìd¦ `ẄcEw .ix¥ £̀ .`z̈A§ W © zï oExH§ z¦ e§
FBn¦ Èdd© `Ẅp̈¡` ®.i¥viYW¦
¥ ie§ .`z̈ci§ a¦ r£ DA© cia¥ r©
£ iC§ lM̈ .ix¥ £̀ .lih¦ wz¦
§ i
mFÍaE
© d¼ k̈`l̈n§ d´¤Ur̈«i¥ mi
» nï
¦ zW´¥
¤ eh :DiO¥ r©
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
zF` .mki¥ ¤ piaE
¥ i¦piA¥ èd¦ zF` iM¦ :oM̈W § O¦ d© s©` ,dŸ©`§e .l ¥̀ xÜ¦ § i i¥pA§ l ¤̀ xA¥ C© dŸ`© e§ bi
i¦li¦g§pd© A§ ,m¤kä i¦Yx©§gÄW¤ Epi¥pi¥A ì¦d dl̈Fc§B z¤k`¤ln§ l©r mz̈FE©v§l Li¦Yc© §wt§ d¦ W
¤ i¦R l©r
.zr© c©l̈ :dg̈Ep§nl¦ i¦zg̈Ep§n mFi z¤̀ m¤kl̈ zÄ©Xd© z¤̀ zFgc¦ §l Li¤pi¥rA§ l©w¥i l©` ,oM̈W§ O¦ d©
:m¤kW § C©¦wn§ 'd i¦p£̀ i¦M [DÄ] zFO ª̀d̈ izŸ © zA§ W © z ¤̀ K`© :dk̈`l̈§n Dz̈F` i¥pR§ n¦
:d¨`x¨z§ d© e§ mic¥¦r W¥i m¦` .zn̈Ei zFn ci oi¦fix§¦fE oi¦tEcx§ Ei§dY¦ W ¤ i¦R l©r s©` .ExŸnW§ Y¦
.d̈il¤ l§ g© n§ :d¨`x¨z§ d© `l§A .dz̈x§k¦ § pe§ lM̈ .d̈i¤pR̈¦n d¤gC̈¦Y l©` zÄ©W dk̈`l̈§n zEfix§¦fA¦
:Dz̈Ẍc§
ªwA¦ lFg DÄ b¥dFP©d z¤k`¤lO§ n¦ zÄ©W h¥rn© §l ,oi¦hEri¦n oi¦Tx§ ©e oi¦M`©
fiy `yz ik `l zeny 317
b"qx xiqtz
oFz² ÄW © z¯©AW© iri
À¦ a¦ X§ d© .rA`¦ qË © l`© me©ilË`© it¦ e§ .ri`©¦ pSË § l`©
d¯¤UŸrd̈ « ÎlM̈ d®ëŸdi«l© Wc¤Ÿw† .dN© l¦ dq© C§ w© nª YAq© id¦ dlh © r¦
:lYwª
© i `di © t¦ `l© n© r© ln© r§ on© lMª e§
zFn¬ z†ÄX © d© mF¬iA§ d²k̈`l̈n§ .li`¦ xq§ `¦ ip¦ A§ Evtg© § ie§ (fh
.`d© A§ Eniw©¦ ie§ YAqË © l`©
.`z̈ci§ a¦ r£ cia¥ rz ¦ `ŸW¦ :z«n̈Ei
£ Y¦ oinFi :xdCË ©l`© Cdr© mdª l`©
§ iB`© l§
`ẄcEw .`z̈ÄW © À̈W © .d`¨ r̈ia¦ W§ `n̈FiaE oiAE
© ipi ¦ A© dn` © l© r© id¦ 'c`¦ (fi
`n̈FiA§ ®.`z̈ci§ a¦ r£ cia¥ r©
£ iC§ lM̈ .ï§i mc̈w¢ 'dY© q¦ it¦ o`© l§ .li`¦ xq § `¦ ip¦ A§
zè` © n© QË§ l`© dNl© `© r©pv§ .m`©I`©
:lih¦ wz¦
§ i `l̈ḧwz
§ `¦ `z̈A§ W
© C§
.rA`¦ qË © l`© me©ilË`© it¦ e§ .'ux`Ë © lè©
Îz ¤̀ l†¥̀ xÜ¦ § iÎi¥pa§ Ex¬ n« § Ẅ § fh m'zª (gi :`d© g` § x©`§ e© `dl © H© r©
on¦ 'bx¦t§ oig¦ .‡iqEn © 'il© `¦ rt© C§
z²ÄX © dÎz
© ¤̀ zFŪr« £ l© z®ÄX © d©
.`z̈A§ W © zï l ¥̀ xU¦ ¨ i i¥pA§ oExH¦ § ie§ :m«l̈Fr zix ¬¦ A§ m†z̈ŸxŸc« l§
í¥pA§ ÆoiaE ¥ ipi ¦À ¥ fi :ml© r̈ mïw§ oFdix¥c̈l§ ®.`z̈A§ W© zï ca© r£ n© l§
d³Ür̈ minï À¦ zW´¥ ¤ WÎiM¦ m®l̈Ÿrl§ è†¦d zF`¬ l ¥̀½ xÜ¦ §i
iri ¦½ a¦ X§ d© ÆmFIaE © ux¤`¨½ d̈Îz ¤̀ e§ m¦i´©nẌdÎz © ¤̀ ÆdëŸdi§
ix¥ £̀ .ml© r̈l§ ìd¦ z`¨ .l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i i¥pA§ oiaE § n¥ oiA¥ :W«tP̈¦
¥ .ix¦ni © Ie© z†©aẄ
:gp̈e§ zäW§ ®.d`¨ r̈ia¦ W§ `n̈FiaE .`r̈x`© zïe§ Ì̈n© W§ zï ï§i ca© r£ .oinFi
¦ `ŸW¦
ÆFzŸNk© M§ dW
¤À ŸnÎl ¤̀ o´¥Y¦I © gi (ipy) % iyily q
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
FnEBx© §zM§ .WtP̈¦
© Ie© fi :i¦zë§vn¦ a§ E i¦nW§ ¦l Dz̈Ẍc§
ªw z©gEp§n `l§e ©rFBx© §n z©gEp§n .oFzÄW© zA© W© eh
ai¦WO¥ W¤ ,W¤t¤p oFW§l Èd§e W¤tFp oFW§l lk̈§e ,gp̈§e aEzM̈©d Flẗ§M KM̈§l .oFzÄW© zA© W© :i`x£ ©r
.dk̈`l̈§Od© gxFH¦
© n Fri¦Bx© §dA§ Fzn̈i¦W§pE FW§t©p ,W¤t¤p l¤kF` EN¦t£̀ ,dk̈`l̈§n lk̈§A xEq¨`W ¤ x©nFl
l§e s©ri¦i `l (gk n diryi) FA aEzM̈W ¤ i¦nE (al bk `xwie) FA xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ mixER¦
¦ Md© mFi o¥k§e
dg̈Ep§n ai¦Yk§ d¦ ,xn̈£̀ n© A§ Fl¢rR̈ lk̈§e ,rb̈i¦i ,dk̈`l̈§n lk̈§A xEq¨` ,m¤kl̈ Èd oFzÄ©W z©AW ©
dl̈Ek§i ì¦dW § d©n o¤f`d̈ x¤AU © §l ,Fn§v©r§l mFI©A m¦` i¦M FA xn̈¡`¤p `l aFh mFi lä£̀
mC̈§wnª oi¥̀ .'ebe dWŸ ¤ n l ¤̀ oY¦ § l¦ (my) oFzÄ©W i¦pi¦nX
¥ Ie© gi :©rFnW § d© mFi©aE oFzÄ©W oFW`xd̈
¦
iEE¦vl§ mcFw
¥ l¤b¥rd̈ dU ¥ £rn© .dxFY© ¨ A x¨ `§nE mi x¦Ÿ nE
ª ,d c̈Fa£
r z¤
k `¤
l n
§ lk̈§
a mixEq£̀
¦
ix£
¥dW ¤ ,dïd̈ mi¦Ax© mi¦nï oM̈W § O¦ d© z¤k`¤ln§ zxi¦ © nW § .'dl© WcŸ¤w :W¤t¤p l¤kF` z¤k`¤ln§ A¦
318 `yz ik al zeny giy
b"qx xiqtz
.i©piq¦ lA© B§ 'il© r§ dŸYA§ h`'
§ k© nª
i†p¥ W§ ip©½ iq¦ x´©dA§ ÆFY`¦ x³¥Ac©l§
.xde© B© ige
© l© .dC` © d© XË
§ l`© .ige
© l© oa¤ ¤̀½ zŸǵlª z®ª ¥ d̈ zŸǵlª
cr«
:dNl© `© 'dxC
© wªA§ oiAEYM
© n©
o`© .mewË © l`© 'i`© x§ Ò© l© e§ (` al :mid«¦ Ÿl¡` r¬©Av§ ¤̀ A§ mi†¦azª M§
on¦ lfp© ¦ i o`© `hA © `© Cw© 'iqEn © DiO¥ r¦ `l̈N̈n© l§ ivi
¦ W
¥ cM© .dWŸ ¤ nl§ adi © e¦
'il© r§ mewË © l`© weE© B© Y§ .lA© BË § l`©
igEl
¥ .`z̈Ec£dq̈ igEl ¥ oix¥Y§ .i©piq¦ C§ `xEh
¨ A§
`©pl§ r©pv`¦ mwª dŸl El`w© e§ .oExd©
o`© t§ .`©piC©i§ oiA© xiq¦ i§ .`CEAr © n©
:ïiC© `r̈Av§ ¤̀ A§ oiai
¦ z¦ M§ ®.`p̈a`©
i'c¦ N§ `© .'iqEn© lBªxlW¬¥WŸaÎiM¦ mr̈½ d̈ `x´©
§ `© Jl`' ¦ c© § I © ` al
ml© .xvn¦ Cl© A§ on¦ `©pcrv © `©
x®d̈d̈Îon¦ zc¤x´¤l̈ d†¤WŸn
mEẃ Æeil̈ ¥̀ Ex³n` § ŸI« e© oŸx£
À d`Îl
«© r© mr¹̈ d̈ ld¥̧ T̈¦Ie©
d´¤fÎiM¦ Epip¥½ ẗl§ ÆEkl«§ i¥ x³¤W£̀ midÀ¦ Ÿl¡` Ep´l̈ÎdU ¥ r£
`Ÿl¬ m¦ix½©v§ n¦ ux´¤̀
¤ n¥ ÆEpl̈¸ r«¡d¤ x³¤W£̀ Wi`À¦ d̈ d´¤WŸn
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
oï§pO¦ d© o¦n dl̈r̈¤W mFi FzF`W ¤ ,m¥d mixEa§ ¦ qM¦ mFi§aE ,zFgEN©d Ex§AY© W § ¦p fEO©zA§ xÜr̈ dr̈§aW ¦ A§
mFi mi¦rÄx© §` ,mi¦n¥lW§ m¤dl̈ x©n`¨ Èd§e ,Èd ,l¥̀ xÜ § ¦il§ Èd KExÄ WFcT̈©d dS̈x©z§ ¦p mixER¦ ¦ Md©
ix£¥dW ¤ ,FO¦r Fli¥l oi¥̀ FzÏ¦l£r mFi§e ,FO¦r Fli¥le§ mẅEd§e oM̈W § O¦ d© z©ac¦ §pA§ Eli¦gz§ d¦ zx¢ ©gn̈§lE
mi¦rÄx© §` mFi `v̈§n¦p ,dl̈r̈ oëi¦qA§ dr̈§aW ¦ A§ ,x¥qg̈ ai¦zM§ FzN©kM§ .FzŸNk© M§ :oq̈i¦pA§ cg̈¤̀ A§
oḧV̈©d À̈ xÜr̈ dẌ¦Wa§ .fEO©zA§ xÜr̈ dr̈§aW ¦ A§ ,oz̈g̈¤l dN̈©kM§ dp̈Ÿ©nA§ dxFY ¨ Fl dx§ ¨qn§ ¦PW
¤
K¤ g zEnC§ d¨`x¤ §d§e ml̈Frd̈ z¤̀ a¤Ax¦ §r§e .d¤fM§ hr̈En on̈§fA¦ DN̈ª M cFn§ll¦ lFkï dïd̈ `N¤W
Kk̈§l ,d ¤ n z¥n i`C© ©e x©nFl ì̈§aeAx¦ §re§ dl̈¥t£̀©e mix¦U § ¤rA§ z¤hX ¤ w© z§ n¦ dN̈©M d©n x¥g`© xäC̈
,d ¤ n z¥n m¤dl̈ x©n`¨ .ml̈Frl̈ ì̈§aEAx¦ §r À̈ dï§rW © §i x¤tq¥ A§ mixEn£̀ ¦ d̈ o¥d ,oi¦hEX¦w dr̈Äx© §`§e
`©zi¦`c¦ §M ,'eke À̈ `l§e zFrẄ WW ¥ EÀ̈ xä§MW ¤ zFi§d¦l Kixv̈ ¦ mk̈g̈ ci¦n§lY© s©` (ck .gi b diryi)
N¤W x©nFl xẄ§t`¦ i¥̀ e§ .(ht sc) zÄ©W z¤kQ¤ n© A§ .FY`¦ xA¥ c©l§ :mixẗ§ ¦ q dr̈Äx© §è§ mix¦U
§ ¤rA§ i¦wÄ
oi¥A zFv£g mcFw ¥ oi¥A oP̈ªrn§ d© mFi§A `l̈¥̀ Erḧ :mi¦hẗ§WO¦ d© d¤N ¥̀ e§A§ W ¤ mi¦hR̈§WO¦ d© §e mi¦Tgªd©
mFi c©r d ¤ n cxï © `l ix£ ¥dW¤ ,zFv£g x©g`© §l i¦Rn¦ ©rn¥ FW d ¤ n dïd̈W ¤ c¥O©ln§ .FY`¦ xA¥ c©l§
El£r©I©e zx¢ ¨gÖ¦n Eni¦MW § ©I©e xn̈¡`¤PW
¤ ,zx¢ ¨gÖ©d m¤di¥pW § dk̈l̈£dd© z¤̀ oi¦pFW§e oix§¦fFg§e dxEa§ ¨ Bd©
d¥Ax© §d zEdl̈¡` .Epi¥pẗl§ Ekl¥ § i xW£̀
¤ :zFlFr :zFeẄ m¤di¥YW § Eid̈W ¤ ai¦zM§ zgªl .zŸglª :c©g©i
zEnC§ oi¦nM§ .Wi`¦ d̈ dWŸ ¤ n d¤f iM¦ :m¤dl̈ EE¦` ,xEg¥̀ oFW§l ,FnEBx© §zM§ .dWŸ ¤ n WWŸ ¥ a iM¦ ` al
FzF` mi¦Ù § FP¤W ,oḧV̈©d m¤dl̈ d¨`x¦ §d d ¤ n WFA c©r Eli¦gÏ©e ,(gk d mihtey) ,FA§kx¦ W ¥ A o¥k§e
ux¤ ¤̀ n¥ Epl̈r¡d¤ xW£̀ ¤ :m¦in© Ẍ©d ©ri¦wx§ xi¥E`© Ä m¤dl̈ x©n`¨ xd̈l̈ d ¤ n dl̈r̈¤WM§ i¦M (dk b my)
d¤l£r©p xW ¤ £̀ ,Kx¤C¤ Epl̈ dxFn ¤ dïd̈§e .m¦ix©v§ n¦ .zFrẄ WW ¥ KFz§A À̈ i¦p£̀ mFi mi¦rÄx© §` sFq§l
hiy `yz ik al zeny 319
b"qx xiqtz
.Ò̈r© `f̈£ge© :Fl« dï¬d̈Îdn ¤ Epr†© § cï :dŸxn`© on¦ o`M© `n© mlr© © p
.`xEh
¨ on¦ zgi © n¥ l§ dWŸ
¤ n xgF`
© ix¥ £̀ E‹Mtª .oExd© mdª l§ l`w© t§ (a
Dil¥ Exn© £̀ e© .oŸxd£ `© lr© Ò̈r© Wi¥pMz§ `¦ e§ it¦ iY¦ N§ `© .Ad'‹§ © cËl`© s`©py`©
.`p̈n© c̈w¢ oEkd̈iC¦ .ol̈gC© `p̈l© cia¥ r£ mEw mMiª p¦ A§ .mM`ª q© p§ o`'c©`§
:`d© A§ ipEYi
¦ `¦ e§ .mMª Y`©
§ pAE §
`r̈x`© n¥ `p̈w© Q§ `© C§ .`xaEB
¨ dWŸ
¤ n oic¥ ix¥ £̀
s`©py`© .mewË © l`© rin¦ B§ J» t© t§ (b
:Dil¥ dë£d `n̈ `p̈rc§©i `l̈ ®.m¦ixv © n¦ C§ .mdª p`'
§ c©`§ it¦ iY¦ N§ `© Ad‹§ © cËl`©
oŸx£
½ d` «© Æmd¤ l£̀¥ xn`¤ ŸI³ © a :oExd© 'il© `¦ `d© A§ EY`§ e©
xn© `§ e© .md©
ª Pn¦ Jl`' ¦ c© 'c'k© `§ t§ (c
ÆxW£̀
¤ ad̈½ G̈d© i´¥n§fp¦ ÆEwx«§ R̈
:i«l̈ ¥̀ Eì†¦ad̈e§ m®¤kiz¥ Ÿp« aE
§ m†¤ki¥pA§ mki
¤½ W
¥ p§ í¥pf§ `¨ A§
oFki¥pA§ .oFkiW
¥ p§ i¥pcEàC¦ .À̈dc© C§ iW
¥ c̈w§ Ewix¦R̈ .oŸxd£ `© oFdl§ xn© £̀ e©
i¬¥n§fpÎz
¦ ¤̀ mr̈½ d̈ÎlM̈ ÆEwx«§ R̈z¦§ I © b :izë¦ l§ Fzi ¥̀ e§ ®.oFkzp̈aE
§
Ewix¦ẗE :oŸx£
« d`Îl
«© ¤̀ Eì†¦aÏ©e m®¤di¥pf§ `¨ A§ x´¤W£̀ a†d̈G̈d©
:oŸxd£ `© zël§ Eìzi
¦ ¥̀ e§ ®.oFdi¥pcEàC¦ À̈dc© C§ iW
¥ c̈w§ zï .Ò̈r© lk̈
Ed†¥U£r«I©e© hx¤g¤½ A© ÆFzŸ` x©v³Ï©e m Àc̈Ïn¦ gT¦
´©I © c
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
mi¦pR̈ i¥pW §zl§ W¥i .hx¤g¤ A© FzF` x©vÏ©e c Ek§l¥i xW
§ A¦ Fn§Bx© ¤ £̀ ,zEdl̈¡`¤l Ep¨` oi¦kix§ ¦v dŸ©r ,DÄ
,xc̈Eq oFW§l hx¤ ¨ Ww§ oFW§l x©vÏ©e ,cg̈¤̀ d̈ FA¦lA§ ox£d`© x©n`¨ .mki
¤gA© ,dxi¦ ¤ W§¥ p i¥pf§ `¨ A§ a :Epi¥pẗ§l
,mi¦hix£ ¦gd̈§e zFgR̈§hO¦ d© §e (`k b diryi) Fn§M `¤OW ¤ ,o¤di¥hi¦Wk§ Y© l©r mi¦qg̈ micl̈§¦ id© e§ mi¦WP̈©d
i¥pW
§ A¦ s¤qM¤ m¦ix§ ©MM¦ x©vÏ©e (bk d a mikln) l m¥
d §
e ,d ¤ n àï KM̈ KFz§a E ,xä C̈©d a¥M©rz§ ¦i
i¦lM§ hx¤ ¤gA© ,dxEv¨ oFW§l x©vÏ©e ,i¦pX ¦g ,iEE¦v oFW§l .Ewx§R̈ :on̈§v©r l©rn¥ EwxẗE
¥ d© §e .mi¦hix£ § ePi¦Yn§ d¦
zFxEv FA oi¦hxFg§ § e oi¦vxFg¤
§ W ,oi¦txFS©§ d zEpÖ ª̀ :KxÄ ¥ zx§©f¦Bn¦ ,EkxÄ§ Fn§M ,ci¦gï§l wxR̈ ¥ zx§©f¦Bn¦
zFgEl§A zFI¦zF` hxFg© ¥ d x¥tFq h¥rM§ ad̈f̈§A mEl§hP̈¤WM§ ,`V̈©n z©wix§ ¦R oFW§l .Ewx§R̈z¦ § Ie© b
hx¤¤gA§ eil̈r̈ az§kE (` g diryi) Fn§M ,oiqwpte ,m¤di¥n§f¦Pn¦ mi¦wxFt§ ¨ n m¥d E`§vn§ ¦p m¤di¥p§f`¨ n¥
¤ Ed¤f§e .WFp¡` Fn§M ,i¥n§f¦Pn¦ Fn§M .in§
,`ẗi¦fA§ Di¥zï xv̈§e qFl§w§p ª̀ m¤Bx§Y¦ W ¥ fp¦ z ¤̀ :frla x"iixwyic
§ W zEpÖ ª̀ i¦lM§ Èd sEI¦f oFW§l :xi¦rd̈ o¦n ,xi¦rd̈ z¤̀ i¦z`¥vM§ (hk h zeny)
ad̈f̈§A Fa oi¦vxFg¤
jix`nd iptn rp y"ixay èyde agx unwa `"td .adfd infp ÆEwx«§ R̈ a :wecwcd wlg
azky i"yx zrc oke .axg yxy w"cx oiire .dnc`d ipt eaxg dpde lwyn lr ède ,`"tay
dxqend myn ìad 'a oniq dinxia jln 'oe .w"ece cigil jxa miaxl ekxa lwyn lr èdy
:y"r k"b w"cx y"nk miwcwcnde
320 `yz ik al zeny ky
b"qx xiqtz
`lB© r¦ dŸrp§ v© e§ .Al`© w© A§ dŸxe»§ev© on©
dN³¥̀
¤ Ex½ n` § ŸÍe© d®k̈Q¥ n© l¤br´¥
`©i JA© x© `'c©d© El`w© e§ .`MEAq © n© x¬¤W£̀ § i ÆLid¤̧ Ÿl¡`
l ¥̀½ xÜ¦
on¦ JC©rv § `© i'c¦ N§ `© .li`¦ xq§ `¦ l`©
oExd© ``© x§ Ò© l© t§ (d :xvn¦ Cl© A§ :m¦ix«¨v§ n¦ ux¬¤̀ ¤ n¥ LEl† r« ¡d¤
.diC©i§ oiA© `g© A'c§ n© `©pA§ .Jl`' ¦ c©
Dica¥ r© e§ .`ẗi¦fA§ Dizï
¥ xv̈e§ .oFdc©In¦ aiqpE
¥
:`C'© b§ dN© l¦ B‹ g© .l`w© e§ `c`© © pe§
EA“§w© e§ .d`C'© bË § lÀ¦ EBlc § `© t§ (e
jz̈l̈gC© oiN¥ `¦ .Exn© £̀ e© .`k̈Y§ n© l©bir¥
gi`¦ A'
© c§ EgA' ‹§ c©e§ .`C©r` § e©v§ :m¦ixv
¨ n¦ C§ `r̈x`© n¥ jEwQ§ `© C§ ®.l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i
ElM`©
ª il§ mewË
g†¥
© A§fn¦ oa¬¦
© l`© ql¦ B§ e§ .dn`
¤ Ie© oŸx£
© l© q§
½ d`
«© `x´© § I© d
:x«g̈n̈ d†ëŸdi«l© b¬©g xn`
©½ ŸIe© ÆoŸxd£ `«© `x³¨w¦
§ Ie© ei®p̈ẗl§
ï§i mc̈w¢ `B̈g© ®.xn© £̀ e© oŸxd£ `© `xwE
¨ .idFn
¦ c̈w¢ `g̈Ac
§ n© `p̈aE .oŸxd£ `© `f̈£ge©
EW†¦B©Ie© zŸl½ Ÿr Eĺr£«I©e© zx¢ ½¨gÖ
« n«¦ ÆEniM¸¦ W©
§ I © e :xg© n§
:w«g©
¥ vl§ EnwÏ© †ª e Fz½ Ẅe§ lŸḱ¡`l«¤ Æmr̈d̈ aW ¤ ³¥Ie© mi®¦nl̈W§
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
.g© A§¥ fn¦ oa¦ ¤ Ie© :ix©¥n§b¦l mz̈Fgc¦ §l d¤R Fl dïd̈ l©r oi¦t§I©fn§ E l"iìp frla oi¦xFT¤W ,mic¥ ¦wW§ E zFI¦zF`
,mFI©d `l§e .xg̈n̈ 'dl© bg© xn`Ÿ ¤ Ie© :mz̈Fgc¦ §l Fki¦lW ¤ oëi¥M .dk̈Q¥ n© l¤br¥ :z¤nz¤ Fg Fcï
§ d¦ W
.FhEX¦R Ed¤f ,EdEc§a©r©IW ¤ mcFw¥ d ¤ n àï `¤OW ¤ m¤dÖ¦r Elr̈¤W ax© ax¥ ¤r i¥RX § k© n§ EÀ̈ ,xEM©l
d¥Ax© §d mixä ¦ C§ (b ,i) dÄx© `x§ ¨w¦Ie©A§ FWx¨c¦§nE mix§ ¦nF` W¥ie§ mi¦tẄ§kA¦ EdEÙ̈£r©e m¦ix§ ©vO¦ n¦
dïd̈W ¤ ,FzFg£̀ o¤A xEg d¨`x¨ ,ox£d`© d¨`x¨ oï§pA¦ i¥qEOC¦ KFY¦n `v̈Ï¤W mẄ dïd̈ dk̈i¦n
o¤aÏ©e .eip̈ẗ§l g© A¥§fn¦ o¤a¦Ie© Ed¤f§e ,EdEbx£ ¨de© mg̈i¦kFn q©h§e ,m¥W Fcï§A dïd̈§e ,m¦ix§ ©vn¦ A§ FA K¥rn̈z§ ¦PW ¤
d¤lŸ¦IW ¤ aḧEn x©n`¨ e§ d¨`x¨ cFr§e .eip̈ẗ§l g© EaG̈¦n ,xFW d¥l£r ,xFW d¥l£r d¤ n FA a©zM̈W ¤
m¦` x©n`¨ e§ d¨`x¨ cFr§e ,m¤dÄ `l§e oFgx¦ §Qd© i¦A ,qFli¦p KFY¦n s¥qFiÎ§NW ¤ FpFx£̀ zFl£rd© §l
d¤fe§ xFx§v ì¦an¥ d¤f ,©gA¥§fO¦ d© FzF` mi¦pFA m¥d .dk̈Q¥ n© :l¤br¥ d̈ `v̈ï§e xEM©d KFz§l Fki¦lW § d¦ §e
z©aA§ zi¥U§r©p oŸ§k`©ln§ z`¥vn§ ¦p§e ,o¤a ¤̀ ì¦an¥ dẌ¦ng£ ©e mix¦U § r¤ d¨`n¥ x¥g`© xäC̈ .z¤kY¤ n© oFW§l
l¥S©rz§ n¦ E FzF` d¤pFA i¦p£̀ W ¤ KFY¦n ,z©g`© :dk̈¥Qn© Î§NW ¤ ì̈x© §hn̈i¥bM§ ,FA dïd̈ ad̈f̈ oix¥ ¦h§pw©
:À̈ d ¤ n KM̈ oi¥aE Kk̈ oi¥A ,i¦Yk§ `©ln§ A¦ ,Epi¥ l¡` d¤N ¥̀ xn̈¡`¤p `l§e .LidŸ¤ l`¡ dN¤ ¥̀
aÏ¤W dïd̈ g© EhÄ ,m¦in© Ẍ©l dïd̈ FA¦lA§ .'dl© bg© El£dw§ ¦PW ¤ m¥d ,m¦ix§©vO¦ n¦ Elr̈¤W ax© ax¥ ¤rW ¤ o`M̈¦n
oḧV̈©d .EniM¦ W© § Ie© e :mFwÖ©d z¤̀ Ec§a©r©i§e ,d ¤ n Er§hd¦ KM̈ x©g`© §e ,EdEÙ̈£rW ¤ m¥de§ ,ox£d`© l©r
d¤Gd© r©nW § O© A© W¥i .wg© ¥ vl§ :E`§hg¤¤IW ¤ ic§¥M mf̈x¥ §f FA dïd̈W ¤ .oŸxd£ `© `x©§Ie© d :eix£ ¨g`© l¥̀ xÜ § ¦i z¤̀
w¤g©v§l (fi hl ziy`xa) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ Fn§M ,zFix£ ¨r iEN¦B xFW zi¦pa§ z© A§ (k ew mildz) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ ,mi¦Ig© g© Ex
(ci a 'a lèny) xn̈¡ `¤PW
¤ Fn§M ,mi¦nC̈ zEki¦tW § E ,i¦A l§e ,oḧÜ dU¥ £rn© g© i¦lv§ d¦ W
¤ d¨`x§ ë ,aU¤ r¥ l¥kF`
`ky `yz ik al zeny 321
.oël̈r£ EwiQ¦ `© e§ .idFx

¦ z§ äC§ `n̈FiA§ EniCw
¦ `© e§ b"qx xiqtz
lki© n¥ l§ Ò̈r© xgq © `© e§ .oq̈kp¦ Eaix¦ẅe§ :EArl©§ il§ En`w© e§ .EAxyi¦ e§
'un`¦ iqEn © l§ dNl © `© l`w© t§ (f
x¬¥Ac§©i © f t :`k̈iÏg© l§ Enẅe§ ®.iYW
¥ nlE
¦ .Jne© w© Cqt © `© Cw© o`© t§ .lfp ¦ `¦
iM¦µ cxÎK¾¥ l¤ d®¤WŸnÎl ¤̀ d†ëŸdi§ Cl© A§ on¦ mdª Yc

or© .`ri
§ rv © `© oi'c¦ N§ `©
© x¦q§ El`©f (g :xvn¦
z̈i†¥lr«¡d¤ x¬¤W£̀ L½ O§ r© z´¥gW¦ .dŸA mdª Yx

.`MEAq
©
§ n© `§ i'c¦ N§ `© wix¦ HË
n© `lB
© l`©
© r¦ mdª l§ Erp§ v§ e§
© :m¦ix«¨v
mr¦ ï§i lil¥ nE § n¦ ux¬¤̀ ¤ n¥ .El`w© e§ .dŸl EgA' § c©e§ dŸl ECB§ q© e§
.li`¦ xq§ `¦ l`© `©i JA© x© `'c©d©
®.jÖr© liA¥ g© ix¥ £̀ .zFg li¥fi`¦ .dWŸ
¤n :xvn¦ Cl© A§ on¦ JC©rv § `© i'c¦ N§ `©
Ex´¨ g :m¦ixv¨ n¦ C§ `r̈x`© n¥ `ŸwiQ¥ `© C§ Cw© .iqEn © l§ dNl © `© l`w© e§ (h
A`r© v§ mewË © l`© i`le © d© o`© .Ynl¦ r§
x´¤W£̀ ÆKx¤Ç¤dÎo
© n¦ xd¥À n© Y`‹t© M© o`¦ o`Ë © lè© (i :A`w© xl § `©
l¤br†¥ md¤½ l̈ EÚr̈ mzi ¦½ E¦v¦

dN³¥̀
¤ Ex½ n` § ŸÍe© FlÎEg
½ A§ § fI¦ e© ÆFlÎEe£gY
«© W¦
§ Ie© d®k̈Q¥ n©
:m¦ix«¨v§ n¦ ux¬¤̀
¤ n¥ LEl† r« ¡d¤ x¬¤W£̀ l ¥̀½ xÜ¦ § i ÆLid¤̧ Ÿl¡`
Ecib¦ qE .`k̈Y§ n© l©bir¥ .oFdl§ Eca© r£ .oEPYci
¦ T¥ t© C§ `g̈xF` on¦ .ri
© xt¦ A¦ Fhq§
`r̈x`© n¥ jEwQ§ `© C§ ®.l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i jz̈l̈gC© oiN¥ `¦ .Exn© £̀ e© .Dil¥ EgA© c©e§ Dil¥
mr´¨d̈Îz ¤̀ Æizi ¦ `¸¦ x¨ d®¤WŸnÎl ¤̀ d†ëŸdi§ xn`
¤ Ÿ¬Ie© h :m¦ixv¨ n¦ C§
il¥ B§ .dWŸ « sx¤ŸrÎd
¤ nl§ ï§i xn© £̀ e© :Èd † W ¥ wÎm
§ r© d¬¥Pd¦ e§ d½G¤d©
iN¦½ dg̈i´¦Pd© ÆdŸr© § i :Èd lc̈w§ iW¥ w§ mr© `d̈e§ ®.oic¥d̈ Ò̈r© in© c̈w¢
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
mŸx©§I¦B§e Kn̈§v©rn¥ Ÿ§lA© T¦ W
¤ ax© ax¥ ¤r ,L§O©r `l̈¥̀ o`M̈ s©` ,Epi¥pẗ§l Ew£gU © i¦e mixr̈§
¦ Pd© `p̈ EnEwï
mix¥¦B Ew§aC̈¦iW ¤ aFh Ÿx© §n`¨ §e ,i¦A Ÿ§k©ln§ ¦p l§e Fn§M ,Èd i¦WFw oFW§l .xA¥ c§©ie© f :xEg bx§ ¨d¤p
.sxŸ¤r dW ¥ w§ h :Ezi¦gW § d¦ e§ Ez£gy ¦ m¥d ,dp̈i¦kX § A© .cx¥ Kl¤ :zFWẅ mŸ¦` x¥Ac§ ©ie© (f an ziy`xa)
mi¦p£̀ n̈§nE ,m¤di¥gi¦kFn c¤b¤p§l mR̈xr̈ § i¦Ww§ oix¦ ¦fg§ n© .ml̈i¦aW
§ A¦ `l̈¥̀ dN̈c§
ªB Kl̈ i¦Yz© p̈ `l ,Kz̈N̈c§ªBn¦
,Ep§rn© Ẅ `l o¦ic£ ©r .iN¦ dg̈i¦Pd© i :©rFnW § l¦ oiC¦ zi¥A i¦Rn¦ d ¤ n dC̈©pz§ ¦p dr̈Ẅ Dz̈F`§A
dg̈i¦Pd© x¥nF` Èd§e ,m¤di¥l£r d ¤ n l¥lR© z§ d¦ W ¤ xn̈¡`¤p `l mr̈d̈ z¥gW ¦ .LO§ r© zg¥ W¦ :dl̈§rn© §NW¤
¦ oniqe ,wxig `piipz ixiv `ncw .z̈i†¥lr«¡d¤ xy` f :wecwcd wlg
:ig¥̀
322 `yz ik al zeny aky
b"qx xiqtz
iA'¦ v'© b§ CYy © `© .rt‹© y© YË § l`© or©
m®¥Nk£̀
© e«© m†¤dä i¬¦R`Îx
© g« © i¦ e§
J©Pn¦ r©pv`© e§ .mdª Yi© § pt`© e§ mdi ª l© r§ :lFcB̈
« iF¬bl§ L† zF
§ `« d¬¤Ur«
¡ ¤̀ e§
ld© YA § `© t§ (ì :dni' © v¦ r§ dO© ª̀
i¦fbEx swz¦© ie§ .in© c̈w¢ on¦ jz̈ErÄ g©p`¨ orkE ©
l`w© e§ .dŸAx© dNl © `© 'il© `¦ 'iqEn ©
'il© r§ JA' © v'
© b§ CYy © i¦ `l© .Ax© `©i :iB¦ q© mr© l§ jz̈ï cia¥ r£ `© e§ ®.oEpi¥viW
¥ £̀ e© oFdA§
on¦ mdª YB § x'k
© `© i'c¦ N§ `© .Jne © w© i†p¥ RÎz
§ ¤̀ dW ¤½ Ÿn l´©g§i © ì
C©iAE dni' © v¦ r§ d‹©eewªA§ .xvn¦ Cl© A§
lEwi§ `l© e§ (ai :dCi© C¦ y§ d³n̈l̈ xn` ¤ ŸIÀ e© ei®d̈Ÿl¡` dé̈Ÿdi§
“‹ y© A§ mdB ª x'k
© `© dŸP`© .oEixv § nË ¦ l`©
.lÀ© BË § l`© oiA© `n© it¦ mdª l§ Yw© ¦ il§ LO¤½ r© A§ ÆLR§ `© d³¤ x¡g«i¤ ÆdëŸdi§
.'ux`Ë
.JA' © v'
© l`© dBe© or© mdi
© b§ 'd‹© Cy¦ or©
ª pt©
rBx
¦ ie§
© `¦
ux´¤̀¤ n¥ Æz̈`v¥¸ Fd x³¤W£̀
:Jne © w© l§ di©il¦ AË § l`© or© gtv © `¦ e§ c¬ïaE§ lFcB̈ † g© Ÿk¬ A§ m¦ix½©v§ n¦
.Did¥ l̈`
¡ ï§i mc̈w¢ .dWŸ ¦ ve§ :dẅ
¤ n iN© « f̈£g
lig¥ A§ ®.m¦ixv
© n¦ C§ `r̈x`© n¥ `ŸwiR¥ `© C§ .jÖr© A§ jf̈bEx swz¦
© i ï§i `n̈l§ .xn© £̀ e©
xŸn`
À l¥ m¦ix¹©v§ n¦ Ex̧n` § Ÿi« ÁdÖ ¨ ai :`ẗiT¦ Y© c©iaE ax©
mz̈½ ŸNk©¸ lE
§ mix½¦ d̈«A¤ Æmz̈Ÿ` bŸx£ ³dl«© Æmì ¨ vF
¦ d« d³r̈xÄ§
m¬¥gP̈d¦ e§ LR¤½ `© oFx́£gn «¥ aEWµ d®n̈c̈£̀ d̈ « í¥pR§ lr†©n¥
`Ẅia¦ A§ .xni
© n¥ l§ i ¥̀ xv § i `n̈l§ :L«O
¨ n¦ oExni¥ ¤ r© l§ dr†¨x«¨d̈Îlr©
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
zX¥ ©rz§ d¦ .mgP̈
¥ d¦ e§ ai :xFA¦bA§ xFA¦B ,mk̈g̈§A mk̈g̈ xäC̈©dW¤ ,FricFd§¦ e g©zR¤ Fl g©zR̈ o`M̈ `l̈¥̀ ,i¦N
.dr̈x¨d̈ lr© :m¤dl̈ ai¦hd¥ §l zx¤ ¤g`© däẄ§gn© :m¥Nk© §i `l m¤di¥l£r l¥NR© z§ ¦i m¦`W § ,FA iElŸ
:m¤dl̈ Ÿ§aW© g̈ xW¤ £̀ `l̈¥̀ `¥Pw© z§ n¦ mEl§M .LR§ `© dx¡
¤gi¤ 'd dn̈l̈ ì
lret èd ik ,aizè miqetcd lke mipencwd zqxib .drxd lr mgP̈ ¥ d¦ e§ ai :wecwcd wlg
ik .el mlyn envr lretd ,dpeekd el mlyi mc` lret ik oeyld owiz dfle .xg`l `vei
'd mb xdefa `zi` oke ,jzrx jxqiz ìapd xn` oke exqiin ède zigyn `xap rxd dyrna
exn` jl dywi lè .zerxd `vz `l oeilr itn ik dinwn dil xar` ,jz`hg xiard
zzenz oiprke aeyz eil` oa` lleby xfby èd jexa xfebd zxifb ea dpeekd ik ,`zlilnc
dpeia ozpei mbxzy dn dfl on`p cre .scbne dpeekd jtdn ,aez mebxzl jtdnde .drx ryx
:`yia d`zi`ln dixnin aizne
bky `yz ik al zeny 323
.Ì̈xEh
© i¥piA¥ oFdzï§ `l̈Ḧw© l§ oEPwi¦ R¥ `© b"qx xiqtz
aEY .`r̈x`© iR¥ `© lr© n¥ .oFdzEiv̈i
§ WlE
¥ wgvie mid¦ xA © `¦ l§ xM'c ª `¦ e§ (bi
i'c¦ N§ `© .Jci© A¦ r§ li`¦ xq§ `¦ e§
`ŸWA¦ on¦ aiz¥ £̀ e© ®.jf̈bEx sFwY§ n¦
Ylwªe§ .Jnq © `¦ A§ mdª l§ Ynqw © `©
:jÖr© l§ ca© r¡n¤ l§ `ŸliN¥ n© C§ AM`¦ e©M© M§ .mMª lq § p¦ x'zM ¦ `© .mdª l§
§ il§ Ámd̈xä§ `© l§ xŸk§
wg̈¸ v¦ ¿ bi i'c¦ N§ `© Cl© AË§ l`© rin¦ B§ e§ .`n© Ql § `©
.mMª lq § p¦ l§ dihr¦ `© .Ynqw © `©
xW£̀
¤̧ LicÀ¤är£ l ¥̀¹ xÜ¦ § ilE
§ :xd‹© CËl`© 'il© `¦ dŸpEfEgie¦
.di©il¦ AË§ l`© or© .dNl © `© gt© v§ t§ (ci
x´¥Ac©Y© § e K¼ Ä m» d¤ l̈ Ÿr´© § AW§ p¦ :dŸnew© A§ `d© N§ g¦ i§ o`© l`w© iY¦ N§ `©
mk¤½ r£ x©§ fÎz ¤̀ ÆdA¤ x§ `© md¤½ l£̀ ¥

Îlk̈e§ m¦i®n̈Ẍd© i†¥akF § k« M§
mk¤½ r£ x©§ fl§ ÆoY¥ ¤̀ iY¦ x§ n©À `¨ x´¤W£̀ z`ŸG¹ d© ux¤`¨¸ d̈
.jC̈ar© l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ ilE wg̈v¦il§ md̈xa¨ `© l§ .xk© C§ `¦ :m«l̈Ÿrl
§ El£
† g«p̈e§
.oFki¥pA§ zï i¥Bq`© .oFdO§ r¦ `ŸliN¥ nE © .jx¨ni§ n¥ A§ oFdl§ `Ÿni¥Iw© C§
oEpqg©
§ ie§ ®.oFki¥pal¦ oiY¥ ¤̀ .zix¦n© £̀ C© `c̈d̈ `r̈x`© lk̈e§ .Ì̈n© W§ ia¥ kFk
§ M§
x†¤AC¦ x¬¤W£̀ dr̈½ ẍ´d̈Îlr© d®ëŸdi§ mg†P̈¦ ¤ I © ci :ml© r̈l§
t :DiO¥ r© l§ ca© r£ n© l§ liN¥ n© C§ ®.`ŸWA¦ on¦ .ï§i az̈e§ :FO« r© l§ zFU
¬ r«
£ l©
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
z©rẄ§A Li¤pẗ§l c¥nFr Epi¥̀ m¦il© b§ x© lẄÎ§NW ¤ zx¤U¤ £r l©r Ex§ar̈ m¦` .md̈xä§ `© l§ xŸkf§ bi
xW£̀¤ :z©g`© l¤bxÎ§¤ NW ¤ `¥Qk¦ §l x¤ g§e l©w ,L§q©rM© dxÜ̈£rA© dQ̈©pz§ ¦p m¤di¦a£̀ md̈x§ ä`© ,zFx§AC© ¦d
§ ¦p `l .KÄ md¤ l̈ Ÿr§ A© W¦
xäc̈§A m¤dl̈ Ÿ§rA© W § p E`§v¥ie§ ,Fl Ed¥pY§ ,Fxk̈U§ l¤Aw¦ `l o¦ic£©re© zFpFi§q¦p
l ux¨ ¤À̈ `l§e m¦in© Ẍ©A `l ,D¤lM ÈdW § wg̈v§ i¦ l§ md̈xä§ `© l§ :dxÜ̈£rA© dxÜ̈£r
mÏ©w dŸ©`W ¤ ,KÄ `l̈¥̀ ,zFrä§BA© `l§e mixd̈¤ ¦ A md̈x§ ä`© l§ xFk§f ,m¥d dẗx¥U § ¦l m¦` .l ¥̀ xÜ¦ § ilE
§
(fh ak '`xa) xn̈¡ `¤PW
¤ ,ml̈Fr§l z¤n¤Iw© Kz̈r̈EaW § E m¦` .miC§ ¦UM© xE`§A Li¤lr̈ sx¥V̈¦l Fn§v©r x©qÖW ¤
(b ek my) xn̈¡ § ¦p i¦A .dc̈i¥w£r©l FxÈ̈©v h©WR̈¤W wg̈§v¦il§ xFk§f ,db̈ix£
`¤p wg̈§v¦i§lE ,'d mª̀§p i¦Y§rA© W ¥dl©
i¦Y§rA© W
§ ¦p xW¤ £̀ dr̈EaX § d© z¤̀ i¦zFni¦wd£ e© m¦è§ ,oxg̈§ ¨ l dl̈B̈W ¤ aw£r©il§ xFk§f ,zElb̈§l m¦`
i¦p£̀ (ì dl my) xn̈¡`¤p aw£r©il§ E ,Li¦a`¨ md̈x§ä`© §l i¦l x¥nF` dŸ©` d©n ,oz̈Ek§fA¦ oi¦lFS¦p op̈i¥̀
:iC©
©W l¥̀ A§ Fl rÄW § ¦p ,d¥axE§ dx§¥R iC© ©W l¥̀ `¥QM¦ m¦`§e ,lFcB̈ iFb§l L§zF` dU ¤ ¡r ¤̀§e (i weqt)
324 `yz ik al zeny cky
b"qx xiqtz
on¦ l©fp§ e§ 'iqEn© `N© e© m'zª (eh
c¤x³¥Ie© ot¹ ¤ I¦ e© eh % iriax
.dŸCi§A§ dC` © d© XË§ l`© ige © l© e§ .lA© BË
§ l`© zŸg¬ lª i²p¥ WE
§ xd̈½ d̈Îon¦ ÆdW ¤ Ÿn
.`n© diª A© p`©
§ B on¦ oiAEYM © n© oige © l©
:Bx`'
¦ k© onE¦ l'k`¦ c© on¦ Æmia¦ zª M§ zŸgÀ lª Fcï ® A§ z†ª cr«
¥ d̈
'drp
© v¦ `n© dª oige © Nl`
© e© (fh
A`Y© M§ Ed A`Y© MË ¦ lè© .dNl © `© d†¤GnE
¦ d¬¤Gn¦ mdi ¤½ x¥a§ r¤ í¥pX§ n¦
§ `¦ e§ :mia «¦ zª M§ m¬¥d
:`n© diª l© r§ xEtgn© .dNl
© `©
dWŸ
¤ n zgpE
© .ip¦ Rz
mewË
© l`© Yev© .ryedi rn¦ q§ t§ (fi
Yev© .'iqEn © l§ l`w© t§ mdª Ai § lB
¦ Y© it¦ .Dici
¥ A¦ `z̈Ec£dq̈ igEl
¥ oixzE
¥ .`xEh ¨ on¦
.l`w© e§ (gi :xMq © rË
© l`© it¦ Axg© `M̈n¦ ®.oFdixa
¥ r¤ oix¥Y§ n¦ oiai
¦ z¦ M§ .igEl
¥
.xt'v© 'il© r§ NC¦ i§ Yev© Ed qil©
.dni
zŸg½ Nª d©¸ § fh :oiai¦ z¦ M§ oEP`¦ `M̈nE¦
© f¦ d§ 'il© r§ NC¦ i§ Yev© `l© e§
dÖ®¥d mi†¦dŸl¡` d¬¥Ur« £ n©
Îlr© zEx†g̈ Èd½ Æmid¦ Ÿl¡` a³©Yk§ n¦ aYÀ̈ k§ O¦ d© e§
© e§ :zŸg
Wx©ẗn§ ®.Èd ïiC© à̈z̈M§ .à̈z̈kE .oEP`¦ ïiC© `c̈äEr .Ì̈gEl « Nª d©
dŸr® x¥A§ mr†¨d̈ lFwÎz ¬ ¤̀ r²ª © WFd§i r¯©nW¦ § I © fi :Ì̈gEl
© lr©
rnWE
© :d«p¤ g
£ O«
«© A© d†n̈g̈l§ n¦ lFw¬ dW ¤½ ŸnÎl ¤̀ Æxn` ¤ ŸI̧©e
:`z̈ixW
¦ n© A§ à̈x¨w§ lẅ ®.dWŸ
¤ nl§ xn© £̀ e© .oia¦ A©
§ in§ cM© Ò̈r© lẅ zï .r© WFd§
ª i
zFṕr£ lFw† oi¬¥̀ e§ dxEa ¤ ŸIÀ © gi
½¨ B§ zFṕr£ ÆlFw oi¬¥̀ xn`
© n¥ ŸW i†¦kŸp`
lẅ `l̈ .xn© £̀ e© :r« «¨ zFP½ r© lFẃ d®ẄEl£g
®.oik§
¦ ig̈nC¦ lẅ .oix¦A§ Y© n¦ C§ oiW¦ N̈g© lẅ `l̈ s`© e§ .à̈xw
¨ A¦ oig¦ vp̈
§ C§ oix¦ÄB¦
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û

wET¦g oFW§l m¤di¥pW§ ,Èd cg̈¤̀ hxge zxg ,zF`x§ ¨w¦p zFI¦zF`d̈ Eid̈ .mdi ¤ x¥a§ r¤ i¥pX§ n¦ eh
Eid̈W ¦dA© .dŸrx¥A§ fi :frla x"iiliihp` .dÖd¥ midŸ¦ l`¡ dU
¤ ,Frix£ ¥ r£ n© fh :dïd̈ mi¦Q¦p dU ¥ £rn© E
zFpr£ lFw oi ¥̀ gi :mi¦wg£ Fv§e mi¦gn¥ U ¦n x¥g`© xäC̈ .o¨Ù̈£r FcFa§kA¦ Èd Frn̈W
§ E mi¦rix§ § n© M§
z©I¦p£r lFw d¨`x¦§p d¤Gd© lFT©d oi¥̀ .dxEa ¨ B§ i¦pFl§t¦NW¤ eiẅq̈£r lM̈ Fx¥ag£ l© x¥nF`d̈ mc̈¨`M§
mi¦WN̈©g lFw `l§e oFgS̈¦p mi¦w£rFS©d mixFA¦ ¦ B eir̈EW£rW © lM̈ KM̈ ,zi¦pFl§R z¤k`¤ln§ A¦
oi¦tEx¥g lFw .zFPr© lFw :dq̈i¦p F` ië mi¦w£rFS¤W oFW§l .zExg̈ :dxFY© ¨ A Èd KExÄ WFcT̈©dÎ§NW ¤
dky `yz ik al zeny 325
b"qx xiqtz
Æax©ẅ x³¤W£̀ M«© id§ À¦ ie«© hi :rn© Ẅ `p̈ £̀ :rn` ¦ q© `©p`§ .`'ve' © v© Yev© lA©
Îz ¤̀ `x¬© § Ie© dp¤½ g £ O«
«© dÎl
© ¤̀ .xMq © rË © l`© on¦ Axªw§ Ò© l© t§ (hi
C‹ Yy
© `© t§ .lEAh§ e§ lBrË ¦ l`© 'i`© x§
s´©`Îxg«© I¦ e© zŸl® ŸgnE § l¤br†¥ d̈ on¦ oige © Nl
© `© gx©h§ e§ .iqEn
© A'v' © b§
:lA© BË§ l`© ltq© `© `n© dx ª Q© M© e§ .diC©i§
Æeic̈Ïn¦ (ecin 'k) K³¥lW© § Ie© dW ¤À Ÿn Erp§ v§ i'c¦ N§ `© lBrË¦ l`© 'c'k© `§ t§ (k
m†z̈Ÿ` x¬¥AW§ © ie© zŸg½ Nª dÎz © ¤̀ dC©“§AE © .x`©PlÀ¦ dŸwxg

d`x'© c§ e§ .‹wC© o`© 'il© `¦ C“¦ A§ nË
§ `© e§
© lÀ¦
aix¥w§ cM© .dë£de© :x«d̈d̈ zg¬© ©Y ip¦ A§ `w© q§ e§ `nË © l`© dBe© 'il© r§
l`w© e§ (`k :dg` © A© `§ li`¦ xq § `¦
siwzE
¥ .oib¦ pg¦ e§ `l̈br¦ zï `f̈£ge© .`z̈ixW
¦ n© l§ i`le © d© JA© r©pv§ `n© .oExd© l§ ‡iqEn ©
®.Ì̈gEl
© zï idFc§ ¦ In¦ `n̈xE .dWŸ ¤ nC§ `f̈bEx mdi ª l© r§ YAl© B© 'c`¦ .mewË © l`©
gT¦ º© I © k :`xEh¨ ilFR

¥ W¦ A§ oFdzï§ xA© z© e§
cr´© o†©gh¦ § Ie© W ¥̀½ Ä sŸx́U¦ § Ie© ÆEUr̈ x³¤W£̀ l¤br¥̧ d̈Îz ¤̀
i¬p¥ AÎz
§ ¤̀ wW†© § Ie© m¦iO©½ d© í¥pRÎl§ r© Æxf¤ I¸¦ e© w®C̈ÎxW£̀
¤
sẄe§ .`xEp ¨ A§ ciwF`¥ e§ Eca© r£ C© `l̈br¦ zï .aiqpE
¥ :l«¥̀ xÜ¦
§i
:l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i i¥pA§ zï iwW
¦ `© e§ ®.Ì̈n© iR¥ `© lr© `xcE
¨ .wiw¦ C© è̈£dC© cr©
Îl ¤̀ ÆdW ¤ Ÿn xn`
¤ ŸI³ © `k (xeaiva oinbxzn oi` ,miàd miweqtd dyng)
¥ M¦ d®¤Gd© mr´¨d̈ L† l§ d¬Ür̈Îdn¤ oŸx£
ei†l̈r̈ z̈`¬¥adÎi ½ d`«©
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
.l ¥̀ xÜ¦§ i i¥pA§ z ¤̀ wW© § Ie© :zeip̈§hẅ§e ob̈C̈ DÄ oixn̈¡
¦ `¤PW ¤ M§ or̈§nFW W¤t¤p z¤̀ oi¦P©rO§ d© oi¦tEC¦b§e
mẄ EpFC¦p zFzi¦n WlẄ .zFhFq§M oẅcä§ § l o¤EM© z§ ¦p g©qR¤ d©n x©n`¨ .'ebe eic̈Ïn¦ Kl¥ W© § Ie© hi :Fl
i¥W§p`© h©RW § n¦ M§ ,si¦iq© A§ d¨`xŸ§ d© e§ mic¥
¦r W¥i m¦` dxFY ¨ dx§¨n`¨ ,zF§vO¦ d© o¦n z©g`© ì¦dW §
d¨`xŸ§ d© `l§A mic¥ ¦r ,mi¦Ax§ ªn o¥dW ¤ z©gC¦©Pd© xi¦r dxFY© ¨ d ,FA l©kì `l xk̈¥p o¤A lM̈ (bn ai zeny)
,mr̈d̈ z¤̀ 'd sB¦I©e (dl weqt) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ ,dẗ¥Bn© A§ dP̈¤pY§ ¤̀§e micÖ¦ W§ª n l¥̀ xÜ
§ ¦i lk̈§e ,o`M̈ DN̈ª M
mEwc̈§AW ¤ ,o©wFxc¤ §dA§ d¨`x¨z§ d© `l§e mic¥ ¦r `l oFW§l .x¤fÏ©e k :xd̈d̈ i¥l§bx§ ©l .xd̈d̈ zg© Y© :m¤dl̈
mr̈d̈ Ll§ dÜr̈ dn¤ `k :m¤di¥ph§ A¦ Eav̈§e m¦iO© d© ,zix§ ¦tb̈ Ed¥ep̈ l©r d ¤f§i (eh gi aei`) o¥ke§ ,uER¦p
,[Ÿ§la© q̈] LEx§Q¦IW¤ (zlaq) mixEQ¦ ¦ i dÖ©M .d¤Gd© oixFG ¦ W ¤ ,zW ¤ xd̈
¨ dxef§¨ n mP̈¦g i¦M (fi ` ilyn) o¥k§e
326 `yz ik al zeny eky
b"qx xiqtz
`l© .l`w© (ak :dni' © v¦ r§ di©ih' ¦ k§
dWŸ
¤n xn© £̀ e©) :d«l̈Ÿcb§ d¬¨`ḧ£g
ml`¦ r© Yp`© .iC¦ ii§ q© A'v' © b§ CYy © i¦ ®.oic¥d̈ Ò̈r© jl̈ ca© r£ `n̈ .oŸxd£ `© l§
:oixi¦ x¦y§ mdª P§ `© .mewË© lÀ¦ (:À̈x© à̈Fg idFl
¦ r£ `z̈izi
¦ ¥̀ ix¥ £̀
`©pl§ r©pv`¦ il¦ El`w© t§ (bk
o`© t§ .`©piC©i§ oiA© xiq¦ i§ .`CEAr © n© © iÎl`© oŸx£
xg¬¦ ½ d`
«© xn` ¤ ŸÍ © ak
i'c¦ N§ `© .'iqEn
© lBªxË §l`© Jl`' ¦ c©
ml© .xvn¦ Cl© A§ on¦ `©pCrv © `© Îz ¤̀ Ÿr´© § cï ÆdŸ`© i®¦pŸc £̀ s†©`
xn© £̀ e©) :Èd « r†¨ xa§ i¬¦M mr̈½ d̈
:dŸxn`© on¦ o`M© `n© mlr© © p
.Ad'© c§ on© l§ mdª l§ Ylwªt§ (ck
it¦ dŸYgx©h§ t§ dŸA ipe ¦ Y© `§ e© dE‹Mt© t§ Y`© .ip¦ FAx¦C§ `f̈bEx swz¦
© i `l̈ .oŸxd£ `©
:lBrË ¦ l`© i'c©d© Bx'© k§ e§ .x`©PlË`
(:Èd Wia¦ A§ ix¥ £̀ ®.Ò̈r© zï Yrc§© i
.mewl © `© ‡iqEn© ‡i`© x§ Ò© l© t§ (dk
.oExd© sy© M§ 'c`¦ .oitEyM ¦ Ep´l̈ÎdU ¥ r£ il¦½ Exn`
n© mdª P§ `© § ŸÍ © bk
:mdiª n© e`
§ w© n§ on¦ oiyl © `© ie'© cª
Epi®p¥ ẗl§ Ek† l«§ i¥ x¬¤W£̀ mid¦½ Ÿl¡`
ux´¤̀
¤ n¥ ÆEpl̈¸ r« ¡d¤ x³¤W£̀ Wi`À¦ d̈ d´¤WŸn | d´¤fÎiM¦
`p̈l© cia¥ r£ .il¦ Exn© £̀ e©) :Fl« dï¬d̈Îdn ¤ Epr†© § cï `Ÿl¬ m¦ix½©v§ n¦
`r̈x`© n¥ `p̈w© Q§ `© C§ .`xaEB
¨ dWŸ
¤ n oic¥ ix¥ £̀ .`p̈n© c̈w¢ oEkd̈iC¦ .ol̈gC©
ad̈½ f̈ i´¦nl§ Æmd¤ l̈ x³©nŸ`«¨ ck (:Dil¥ dë£d `n̈ `p̈rc§©i `l̈ ®.m¦ixv© n¦ C§
l¤br¬¥d̈ `†¥vI¥ e© W ¥̀½ ä Ed´¥kl¦ W§ `« © ë i®¦lÎEpY¦ § Ie© Ew†¨ xR̈z§ d¦
®.`xEp¨ A§ Dizi¥ nxE © e¦ Ewix¦R̈ .À̈dC© on© l§ oFdl§ zix¦n© £̀ e©) :d«G¤d
¥ .il¦ Eadi ©
r© x†ªẗ i¬¦M mr̈½ d̈Îz ¤̀ ÆdW ¤ Ÿn `x³© § I © dk (:oic¥d̈ `l̈br¦ wtpE ©
:m«di ¤ n¥ ẅ« A§ d†v̈n§ W¦ l§ oŸx£ ½ d`«© dŸŕx¨tÎi § M¦ Èd®
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
`¥v¥IW © `l§e .W ¥̀ Ä Edk¥ l¦ W§ è̈
¤ i¦Yr§ cï © :i¦l Ep§Y¦Ie© rxä§ iM¦ ak :d¤f `§hg¥ m¤di¥l£r ì¦aŸ `N¤W c©r
dN̈©Bz§ ¦p .d¤Nbªn§ .rEx
© ẗ dk :`v̈ï§e d¤Gd© l¤br ¥ d̈ zFpFi§q¦pa§ E ci¦nŸ oi¦k§lFd m¥d rx¨ Kx¤c§ ¤A .Èd
z¤̀ rxẗE © (gi d xacna) Fn§M ,FpFl§wE Fv§nW ¦ m¤dl̈ i¦Yx© §n`¨ .md¤ l̈ xnŸ© è̈ ck :mFwÖ©d i¥pt§ l¦
zFi§dl¦ .mdi ¤ n¥ ẅA§ dv̈n§ W¦ l§ :dẌ¦`d̈ W`x EwxR̈§ § zd¦ e§ Ex£dn¦ m¥de§ ,cä§l ad̈f̈ i¦n§l cg̈¤̀ xäC̈
fky `yz ik al zeny 327
.Èd lih¦ A§ ix¥ £̀ .Ò̈r© zï dWŸ ¤ n `f̈£ge©) b"qx xiqtz

mFW oFdzEa§ Q̈`© l§ ®.oŸxd£ `© oEPli
¦ H¥ A© ix¥ £̀ AÀ© A§ ‡iqEn
© sw¦ e§t§ (ek
lAw ¦ i¦ dN© l¦ on© .l`w© e§ .xMq © rË© l`©
(xeaiva oinbxzn oi` o`k cr) (:oFdix¥c̈l§ WiA¦ ip¦ A§ rin¦ B§ dil© `¦ rn© YB § `© t§ .i©il© `¦
xr´© © WA§ ÆdW¤ Ÿn cŸn£ ³ r«I© © ek l`w© `'c©M§ .mdª l§ l`w© t§ (fk :iel
cN© wY©© i .li`¦ xq § `¦ D`l© `¦ dNl © `©
d†ëŸdi«l© i¬¦n xn` ¤ ŸI¾ e© dp¤½ g£ O«
«© d© e'vn© `¦ e§ .dŸtiq© mMp ª n¦ lBªx§ lMª
it¦ AÀ© 'il© `¦ AÀ© on¦ .ErBx § `¦ e§
i¬p¥ AÎl
§ M̈ ei†l̈ ¥̀ E¬tq« § `¥
¨ Ie© i®l̈ ¥̀ 'iY© g© .lBªx§ lMª lYw© ª ie§ .xMq © rË© l`©
:dŸAix¦ w§ e§ dŸAg`§ v© e§ di'k¦ `§
.xn© £̀ e© .`z̈ixW
¦ n© rxz ¤ n mẅe§ :i«e¦ l
© A¦ dWŸ ¥ `n© M§ iel ip¦ A§ Erp§ v§ t§ (gk
mewË © l`© on¦ rw© e§t§ .'iqEn
© mdxª n© `©
EWip¦ Mz
§ `¦ e§ ®.izë
¦ l§ oFzi¥i ïiC© Ì̈l£
© gC̈ on©
diA¦ y§ .me©ilË`© Jl`'¦ c© it¦
¤ ŸÍ © fk :ie¦l¥ i¥pA§ lM̈ Dizë¥ l§
md¤À l̈ xn` :lBªx§ s`l© `© 'd'z`© l' © z§ A§
ElnM § `¦ .'iqEn
© mdª l§ l`w© t§ (hk
i´¥dŸl¡` ÆdëŸdi§ x³©n`Îd ¨ ŸM«
Ex̧a§ r¦ Fk® x§¥iÎlr© FA† x§ gÎWi © `¦ Eni¬¦U l ¥̀½ xÜ¦
§i
ÎWi`¦ Eb̄x§ d¦ e§ dp¤½ g £ O««© A© Æxr© W ©¸ l̈ xr³©
© Xn¦ EaEWë¹
:Fa« ŸxwÎz
§ ¤̀ Wi¬¦è§ Edr†¥ xÎz ¥ ¤̀ Wi¬¦è§ ei²¦g`Îz¨ ¤̀
.DiMx¦
¥ i lr© DiAx
¥ g© xa© B§ FEW
© .l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ iC§ `d̈l̈` ¡ ï§i xn© £̀ op̈cM¦ .oFdl§ xn© £̀ e©
zï xabE
© ®.idEg
¦ £̀ zï xa© B§ ElEhwE .`z̈ixW ¦ n© A§ rxz © l¦ rx©Y§ n¦ .EaEze§ Exai© r¥
d®¤WŸn x´©ac§ M¦ i†¦elÎi¥
¥ pa§ EU£ ¬ r«I© © gk :Diai¥ x¦ẅ zï Wp̈¡è¤ Dixa
¥ g©
i†¥tl§ `© zW ¤ Ÿl¬ W§ M¦ Èd½ d© mFÍA© Æmr̈d̈Îon¦ lŸR¦ ³ Ie©
®.Èdd© `n̈FiA§ Ò̈r© on¦ ltpE© .dWŸ £ e :Wi`
¤ nC§ `n̈b̈zt¦ M§ ie¦ l¥ i¥pa§ Eca© r© «¦
m³¤kc¤§ i E`¸ l§ n¦ dW ¤À Ÿn xn`¤ ŸÍ © hk :`xaEB ¨ oitl
¦ `© `z̈l̈zM¦
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û

,mx¢
¨gï mi¦ l¡`l̈ g© a¥ Ff (hi ak zeny) ,x©n`¨ ok̈i¥d§e mi¦nT̈©d lM̈ i¦tA§ zEp§b¦l d¤Gd© xäC̈©d m¤dl̈
Èd§e FO¦`n¥ .eig¦ `¨ :`z̈§li¦kO§ A© dïEp§W KM̈ i¥pA§ lM̈ :i©l ¥̀ àï .il̈ ¥̀ 'dl© in¦ ek :m¤di¥l£r
§ d m¤Y`© .mk¤ c¤§ i E`l§ n¦ hk :l¥̀ xÜ
mi¦bxFd© § ¦in¦ .'ebe xn© `¨ dŸM fk :xW
¥ M̈ h¤aX ¤ o`M̈¦n .ie¦l¥
¥ d© lM̈W
328 `yz ik al zeny gky
b"qx xiqtz
lBªx§ lMª .dN© l¦ me©ilË`© mkA ª B` ¦ e©
F†pa§ A¦ Wi¬¦` i²¦M d½ëŸdi«l© ÆmFId©
Ng¦ Y§ e§ .di'k¦ `§ e© dŸpA`¦ A§ 'iY© g© mF†Id© m²¤kil¥ r£ z¯¥zl̈e§ ei®¦g`¨ aE §
Ò© l© e§ (l :dM© x§A© me©ilË`© mki ª l© r§
'iqEn
© l`w© .C'©b on¦ o`M© ¤ n xn© £̀ e© :d«k̈xÄ
oFkic§¥i Eaix¦ẅ .dWŸ §
mY`ª h'k © `© mYp
ª `© .mewË© l`l¦
xa© B§ .ix¥ £̀ .ï§i mc̈w¢ `p̈ÄxEw oic¥ `n̈Fi
crv© `© o`Ë © lè© .dni'© v¦ r§ di©ih' ¦ k§
or© xt'b ¦ Yq© `© Nr© l§ .dNl © `© 'il© `¦
®.oFkil¥ r£ d`¨ z̈i ¥̀ lE .idEg¦ £̀ aE
© Dixa ¥ A¦
.'iqEn
© rB© x©t§ (`l :mkYi© zx¢
ª ih' ½¨gÖ
« n«¦ Æid§
¦ k§ ¦ i«© l :ok̈xA¦ oic¥ `n̈Fi
Cw© .Ax© `©i .l`w© e§ dNl © `© 'il© `¦
di©ih'¦ k§ mewË © l`© i`le © d© `h'k mr̈½ d̈Îl ¤̀ ÆdW
© `© ¤ Ÿn xn` ¤ ŸI³ e©
`cEAr© n© mdª l§ Erp§ v§ e§ .dni' © v¦ r§
o`¦ o`Ë © lè© (al :Ad' d´¨`ḧ£g m†¤z`ḧ£g m¬¤Y`©
© c§ on¦
`N© `¦ e§ .mdYi©
ª ih'¦ k§
Îl ¤̀ d´¤lr«
Yxt' © b§
¡ ¤̀ ÆdŸr© e§ d®l̈Ÿcb§
`n̈FiA§ dë£de© :m«k¤ z`
§ H© g© cr¬©A§ d†¨ © i¬©lE` d½ëŸdi§
xR§ k£̀
wQ© ¤̀ orkE
© .À̈x© à̈Fg oEYag© oEY`© .Ò̈r© l§ dWŸ
¤ n xn© £̀ e© .idFx
¦ z§ äC§
Îl ¤̀ d²¤WŸn aẄ¯Ï© `l :oFkiaFg ¥ lr© xR© k© £̀ mi`¦ n̈ ®.ï§i mc̈wl¦
dl̈½ Ÿcb§ d´¨`ḧg £ ÆdG¤d© m³r̈d̈ `hº̈ g̈ `P´¨ À̈ ` x®©n`ŸIe© d†ëŸdi§

¤ n az̈e§ :a«d̈f̈ i¬¥
.EräA§ .xn© £̀ e© ï§i mc̈wl¦ .dWŸ dŸl¡` m†¤dl̈ EU£ ¬ r«I©e©
d†Ÿr© § al :adc © C¦ ol̈gC© oFdl§ Eca© r©
£ e ®.À̈x© à̈Fg oic¥d̈ Ò̈r© .ag̈
L† x§ t§ Q¦ n¦ `p̈½ ip´¥ ¦ gn§ o¦i`Îm

©¾ `¦ e§ m®z̈`Ḧg© `´V̈YÎm ¦ `¦
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
FhX § w© n§ E Fp§A z¤̀ d¤wW § n© E li¦k£̀ n© dïd̈W ¤ mi¦p£ M zFi§dl¦ Ek§Pg© z§ Y¦ d¤f xäc̈§A ,mz̈F`
zi¥A g©zt¤A§ Fci¦n§rn© E FxÈ̈©vA§ qi¦M Fl d¤lFz§e Fp§aA¦ Fcï `¥Nn© §i m¤Mn¦ .Wi`¦ iM¦ :mFwÖ©l
dŸr© e§ al :`ḧ¡g¤i `N¤W o¥Ad© dU ¤ £r©I d©n ,zFpFf mi¦U`¨ .mk¤ z` § H© g© cr© A§ dx¨R§ k£̀ © l :ei¦g`¨ a§ E
x¥nF` i¦pi¥̀ ,aFh ix£ ¥d .mz̈`Ḧg© `V̈Y¦ m`¦ liC§ ¦ad© §l ,m¤kz§ `©Hg© c¤b¤p§l dn̈i¦zq§ E g© EP¦we§ x¤M
o¥ke§ ,x¥vẅ `x§ ¨wn¦ d¤f§e ,i¦pg¥ n§ ,o¦i`© m¦`§e .i¦pg¥ n§ Kl̈ Èd dŸ©` .ad̈f̈ idŸ¥ l`¡ `l :`§hg¥ d© oi¥aE m¤ki¥pi¥A
N¤W ,DN̈ª M dxFY©¨ d lM̈¦n .Lx§t§ Q¦ n¦ :d¥Ax© §d lk̈§e ad̈f̈ m¤dl̈ Ÿ§rR© W § d¦ W
¤ ,m¤dl̈ Ÿ§nxB̈ ©W¤
m¤di¥l£r y¤Ta© l§ i`c§ ©M i¦zi¦id̈ `N¤W ,i©lr̈ Ex§nì K¤ln¤ §l lẄn̈ .E`§hg¤¤i `N¤W EU£r©I d©n ,mv̈§tg¤
hky `yz ik bl zeny 329
b"qx xiqtz
Ywa© W§ m`¦ orkE© :Ÿa§ z̈
« M̈ x¬¤W£̀ i'c¦ N§ `© J©pèi© C¦ on¦ .ipi ¦ gn
¦ `¦ t§
jxt
¨ Q¦ n¦ ®.ork
© ipi¦ g¥ n§ .`l̈ m`¦ e§ .oFdiaFg
¥ l§ l`w© t§ (bl :gix¦ Yq § `© t§ dŸYAY© M§
d†ëŸdi§ xn` ¤ Ÿ¬I © bl :`Ÿazk © C¦

.il¦ `h'k
o`Ë
© `© i'c¦ N§ `© .dNl
© lè© (cl :ip`
© `© dŸl
¦ ei© C¦ on¦ dEgn`©
x´¤W£̀ in¦µ d®¤WŸnÎl ¤̀ 'il© `¦ .mewË © l`© xii¦q© 'un`¦ t§
.Jl© Ylwª i'c¦ N§ `© r've © nË
© l`©
:ix«¦ t§ Q¦ n¦ EP†¤gn§ ¤̀ ilÎ`¦½ ḧ«g̈ it¦ e§ .JiC©i§ oiA© xiq¦ i§ iM¦ l© n§ i'cEd ©
mdª A§ l`¦ h© `§ .iY¦ A§ l`
§ h© n§ me©i
Di¥pign
¥ ¤̀ ®.in© c̈w¢ ag̈C§ on© .dWŸ
¤ nl§ ï§i xn© £̀ e©
mC©v§ t§ (dl :md`©
ª i`h' © k§ a§
d´¥gp§ | K´¥l dYº̈ r© § cl :ixt¦ Q¦ n¦ `n© 'il© r§ .mewË © l`© on¦ dNl © `©
dŸrp§ v§ i'c¦ N§ `© .lBrË ¦ l`© Erp§ hv§ `©
ÆiY¦ x§ A©¸ CÎx
¦ W£̀
¤ l³¤̀ mrÀ̈ d̈Îz ¤̀ dNl© `© l`w© t§ (` bl :oExd©
K´¥l¥i i†¦k`¨ l§ n© d¬¥Pd¦ Kl̈½ on¦

.mewË
Crv
© `¦
© lè©
'un`¦
Yp`©
.'iqEn
© l§
.`©pdª d©
i¬¦Yc§ w«
© ẗE ic½¦ w§ R̈ mFíaE
§ Li®p¤ ẗl§
zili¦ N¥ n© C§ xz© £̀ l© .Ò̈r© zï xA© C© li¥fi`¦ .orkE
© :mz̈
« `Ḧg© m†¤dl¥ r£
:oFdiaFg
¥ oFdil¥ r£ xrq © `© e§ ®.izEx
¦ r̈q`© mFiaE .jn̈c̈w¢ jd̈§i ik¦ £̀ ln© `d̈ .jl̈
Îz ¤̀ EÚr̈ x´¤W£̀ lr©µ mr®¨d̈Îz ¤̀ d†ëŸdi§ sŸB¬ I¦ © dl
ï§i `g̈nE) (xeaiva oinbxzn oi` df weqt) :oŸx£
« d`
«© d†Ür̈ x¬¤W£̀ l¤br¥½ d̈
xA¥̧ c§©i © ` bl q (:oŸxd£ `© ca© r£ C© ®.`l̈br¦ l§ Eca© r£ YW
© `¦ C§ lr© .Ò̈r© zï
mr̈½ d̈e§ dÝ̈`© d½G¤n¦ d´¥lr£ K´¥l ÆdW ¤ ŸnÎl ¤̀ d³ëŸdi§

Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
oF£r oFrx¦ §Rn¦ zv̈§w DÄ oi¥̀ W § ¦i l©r d¨À̈ o`M̈ W¥i .Kl̈ iY¦ x§A© C¦ xW£̀
§ l¥̀ xÜ ¤ l ¤̀ cl :mi¦ng£ x©
¥ A dz̈i¦n .mr̈d̈ z ¤̀ 'd sŸBI¦ e© dl :l¤br¥ d̈ (hi a `"ln) o¥ke§ ,Li¤l ¥̀ mFw§nA¦ xEAC¦ l¤v ¥̀ Kl̈
ici¦
:d¨`x¨z§ d© `l§A mic¥
¦rl§ ,m¦in© Ẅ l§e .ik¦ `¨ l§ n© d¥Pd¦ :EdÏ¦pFc£̀ l©r Fl x¤Ac§©l
dd̈Fa§B l¥̀ xÜ ¤ .d¤Gn¦ dl¥ r£ Kl¥ ` bl Li¤l ¥̀ i¦Y§rn© Ẅ dŸ©r .'ebe ic¦ w§ R̈ mFiaE
§ ¦i ux¤̀ § :i¦p£̀
x¥g`© xäC̈ ,d¥l£r xn̈¡`¤p KM̈§l ,zFvx£̀ ¨ d̈ lM̈¦n cFw§t ¤̀ W¤ M§ ci¦nŸ ci¦nz̈§e ,c©g©i mz̈FN©k§Nn¦
K¤l (f al zeny) q©rM© d© z©rẄ§A Fl x©n`¨ W ¤ i¥Rl© M§ o¦n h©rn§ m¤di¥l£r i¦Yc© §wẗE m¤di¥zFpF£r m¤di¥l£r
:d¥l£r K¥l oFvx¨ z©rẄ§A Fl x©n`¨ ,cx¥ zEpr̈x§Rª oi¥̀ e§ ,zFpF£rd̈ x¨`W § m¦r d¤Gd© oFr̈¤d
330 `yz ik bl zeny ly
b"qx xiqtz
.xvn¦ on¦ mdª YC § rv© `© i'c¦ N§ `©
ux´¤̀
¤ n¥ z̈i†¦lr«¡d¤ x¬¤W£̀
.Ynqw © `© i'c¦ N§ `© .Cl© AË § l` 'il© `¦ x´¤W£̀ ux¤`À̈ d̈Îl ¤̀ m¦ix®¨v§ n¦
aewrie wgvie mid¦ xA© `¦ l§
:dihr ¦ `© mMª lq
§ p¦ l§ .`l© i`¦ w© w³g̈v¦ § il§ md̈¸ xä§ `© l§ iY¦ r§ A© W§ p¦Â
.`M© l© n§ JiC©i§ oiA© 'zrA ¦ `© e§ (a
oii¦p`
¦ rp© MË¦ l`© dŸA cxh ª `© L† r£ x©§ fl§ xŸn` ½ l¥ ÆaŸwr«£ i©lE §
oii¦Y¦ gË
¦ lè© .oii¦xEn
¦ `Ë § lè©
:oii¦qEA
¦ iË §lè© oii¦e¦gË ¦ lè© .oii¦f¦ x¦tË§ lè© li¥fi`¦ dWŸ © :dP̈«p¤ Y
¤ n mr¦ ï§i liN¥ nE § ¤̀
`©pA§ l© 'uit¦ i§ Cl© A§ 'il© `¦ (b `r̈x`© n¥ `ŸwiQ¥ `© C§ .Ò̈r© e§ Y`© .`M̈n¦ wq©
it¦ ixEp¦ crv ¦ `© `l© iP¦ `© l§ .`l© q§ r© e§ md̈xa ¨ `© l§ .zini¥
¦ Iw© C§ .`r̈x`© l§ .m¦ixv
¨ n¦ C§
A`r© v§ mew© mMª P§ `© l§ .mMª pi § A© `n©
:D©Pp¦ Y§ `© jp̈al¦ ®.xni
© n¥ l§ aŸwr©
£ ilE wg̈v¦il§
it¦ mMi ª pt ¦ `© `l© M§ .A`w© xl § `©
rn¦ q§ Ò© l© t§ (c :wix¦ HË K®¨`l§ n© Li†p¤ ẗl§ i¬¦Yg§ l«
§ l`© © Ẅ § a
Eql`© xA' © kË
§ l`© `'c©d© .mewË © l`©
Æip¦ r«£ p© M«§ dÎz
© ¤̀ iY¦À W§ x«© b¥ e§
glW © ¤̀ e§ :iqEa
«¦ i§ d© e§ i†¦Eg« ¦ d© e§ ix½¦Ÿn`
¦ d© i½G¦ x¦ R§ d© e§ ÆiY¦ g« ¡ d̈ «
i ¥̀ Ëg¦ ®.i ¥̀ G̈xtE
¦ i ¥̀ Ÿg¦ e§ .i ¥̀ xFn¡
¨ ` i ¥̀ p̈r©
£ pM§ zï .jix¥z̈ £̀ e© .`k̈ £̀ ln© jn̈c̈w¢
`Ÿl¸ ÁiM¦ W®äcE§ a†l̈g̈ z¬©af̈ ux²¤̀ ¤ Îl ¤ b :i ¥̀ q̈Eaie¦
ÎoR¤ dŸ`©½ Æsx¤ŸŗÎdW ¥ wÎm
§ r© i³¦M LÀ A§ x§ w¦ A§ dl¤¹ r« ¡ ¤̀
wiN¥ q© £̀ `l̈ ix¥ £̀ .WäcE al̈£g `c̈a§ r̈ .rx© £̀ l© :Kx¤C̈
« A© L† l§ k£̀
¤
:`g̈xFÀ§ jp̈i¥vW
¥ £̀ `n̈lC¦ ®.Y`© lc̈w§ iW
¥ w§ mr© ix¥ £̀ .jp̈iA¥ n¦ iz¦ p§ ik¦ W§
El®Ä`© z¦
§ Ie© d†¤Gd© r²¨
xd̈ x¬äC̈dÎz
© ¤̀ mrÀ̈ d̈ r´©nW¦
§ I© c
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
:K¨`l§ n© Li¤pẗ§l i¦Yg§ ©lẄ§e Kl̈ x¥nF` i¦p£̀ KM̈§l :L§O©r§e xn̈¡`¤p `l o`M̈ .mr̈d̈e§ dŸ`©
i¦zp̈i¦kX ¤ k§ E .dŸ`© sxŸ¤r dW
§W ¥ w§ mr© iM¦ ,o¤d zFO ª̀ WW ¥ .'ebe i¦pr©
£ pM§ d© z ¤̀ iY¦ W§ x¥©be§ a
i¦p£̀ d¤Ax© §n i¦A mix§ ¦nn© m¤Y`© §e m¤kA§ x¦ §wA§ :eil̈¥̀ n¥ m¤di¥pR§ n¦ dp̈ẗE c©nr̈ i¦WB̈x¦ §Bd© §e
xäC̈d© c :oFiN̈¦M oFW§l .Ll§ k£̀ ¤ :m©r©f m¤ki¥l£r x¥nF` i¦p£̀ .WäcE§ al̈g̈ zaf̈ © ux¤ ¤̀ l ¤̀ b
:mÖ¦r z¤kN¤ d© n§ E dxFW
¨ dp̈i¦kX § d© oi¥̀ W§ .rx¨d̈ .LA§ x§w¦ A§ dl¤ r£ `© `Ÿl iM¦ :mz̈Fl§rd© §l Kl̈
§ k£̀ ehtyne lecb gzt zgz ohw gzta à .jxca L† l§ k£̀
s"kd gzta LN© ¤ ot b :wecwcd wlg
:(a"ixdn) il rny Le§ g£̀
© enk lwede .c"nld ybce
`ly `yz ik bl zeny 331
b"qx xiqtz
:ei«l̈r̈ Fi†c§ r¤ Wi¬¦` Ez²ẄÎ`Ÿle§ dŸii©f xn`¦ lMª lrB© © i ml© e§ Epf§ g¦
oic¥d̈ .`Ẅia¦ `n̈b̈zR¦ zï .Ò̈r© rnWE © .'iqEn
© l§ dNl © `© l`w© t§ (d :Dil© r§
Di¥pi¥f oETY¦ xa© B§ ®.FEW
© `l̈e§ .ElA© `z
© `¦ e§ mew© mYp ª `© li`¦ xq § `¦ ip¦ A§ l§ lwª
Îl ¤̀ d¹ëŸdi§ xn` ¤ ŸI̧© d :idFl¦ r£

iP¦ `© el© t§ .A`w© xl
.mMª pi§ A© `n© it¦ ixEp
§ `© A`r© v§
¦ YCrv © `©
Îi¥pAÎl
§ ¤̀ xŸn¡³` dW¤À Ÿn .mkª Yi©
.mMi»§
§ pt`© dc©g` § e©
ª i©f rf©p 'il© r§ EniC¦ `§ .o`Ë
dtx © h©
© lè©
ÎdW ¥ wÎm
§ r© m´¤Y`© Æl ¥̀ xÜ¦ §i :mMª A§ r©pv`© `n© mMt ª “¦r© `§ 'iY© g©
'il© r§ .li`¦ xq § `¦ ip¦ A§ m`C©`§ t§ (e
d¬¤lr«¡ ¤̀ c²g̈ ¤̀ r©bx¯¤ sx¤Ÿr½ :Aix¦g§ lA© B§ on¦ mdi»§ ª i©f rf©p
.À' © kË§ l`© 'c'k`©
ª i .'iqEn © o`M© e§ (f
dYÀ̈ r© e§ Li®¦ziN¦ k¦ e§ L† A§ x§ w¦ a§ xMq © rË © l`© Bx`'
¦ k© dŸAx'v©ª it§
dr†¨c«§ ¥̀ e§ Lil¤½ r̈«n¥ ÆLi§ c§ r¤ c³¥

xFd Ax'v © n© diO¦ qi © e¦ .dŸPn¦ `Ci© r¦ A§
mr© oEY`© l ¥̀ xU¦

¨ i i¥pal¦ xni © ¥̀ .dWŸ ¤ nl§ ï§i xn© £̀ e© :K«N̈ÎdU ¤ r«
¡ ¤̀ d¬n̈
Cr`© .orkE
© .jp̈i¥vW ¥ £̀ e© jp̈iA¥ n¦ iz¦ p§ ik¦ W§ wiN¥ q© £̀ .`c̈£g dr̈Ẅ .lc̈w§ iW
¥ w§
Îi¥pa§ El̄S©
§ pz¦
§ I© e :jl̈ cia¥ r£ `© `n̈ in© c̈w¢ il¥ B§ ®.jP̈n¦ jp̈i¥f oETY¦
zï ®.l ¥̀ xU¦ :axFg
«¥ x¬©dn¥ m†ïc§ rÎz
¨ i i¥pa§ FCr`© e§ ¤ ¤̀ l²¥̀ xÜ¦ §i
ld¤ Ÿ ¹̀ d̈Îz ¤̀ gT©¸ i¦ ÁdW ¤ ŸnE f :axFg¥ C§ `xEH
¨ n¦ oFdpi¥
§ f oETY¦
dp¤½ g
£ O«
«© dÎo
© n¦ Æwg¥ x§ d© dp¤À g£ O«
«© l© uEǵn¦ | FĺÎdḧ«p̈e§
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
.KN̈ dU ¤ r¡ ¤̀ dn̈ dr̈c§ ¥̀ e§ :m¤ki¥l£rn¥ m¤k§ic¤§r ,axFg§
¥ A m¤dl̈ Ep§Y¦PW ¤ mix¦z̈§M .Fic§ r¤ Wi`¦
i¦Al¦ A§ W
¤ d©n ©rcFi ¥ i¦p£̀ .oFr̈¤d x¨`W § zCª ©wt§ A¦ dl¤ r£ `© cg̈ ¤̀ r©bx¤ d :rn̈W
§ ¦p§e dU¤ £r©p Ex§n`¨ W ¤ M§
z¤̀ .axFg ¥ xd© n¥ mïc§ r¤ z ¤̀ e :Kl̈ zFU£r©l m¤Y`© e§ ,L§Ax¦ §wA§ d¤l£r`© m¦` .Lizi ¦ N¦ k¦ e§ LA§ x§w¦ A§
.dWŸ ¤ nE f :axFg ¥ x©dn¥ mc̈ï§A dïd̈W ¤ ic£¦rd̈ m¤ki¥l£r mFr§f ¤̀ ,m¤kR§ xr̈§ zEi§Ww© A§ i¦A mix§ ¦nn©
oFW§l .ldŸ¤ `d̈ z ¤̀ gT© i¦ :d¨`§ld̈ë oFr̈ FzF`¥n diryi) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ ,Fn§r©f xEri¦W ÈdW § ,cg̈¤̀ r©bx¤
,d¤pg£ O© l© uEg¦n Ed¥hFp§e Fl¢d`¨ g© w¥ Fl ,Èd d¤ed d¤Nk© £̀©e ,m©rf̈ xä£r©i c©r r©bx¤ h©rn§ k¦ i¦ag£ (k ek
.wg¥ x§d© :ci¦n§lY© ©l dCª ¤pn§ ,axl̈ ¨ dCª ¤pn§ x©n`¨ :K¨`l§ n© g©lW § ¤̀ W
¤ m¤kl̈ aFh KM̈i¦t§l ,m¤kz§ ¤̀
K©` (c b ryedi) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ oï§p¦rM§ ,dÖ©` m¦iR© l§ `© EcixFY
¦ W ¤ ,cÏ¦n Ew§lY¦ Ff zEpr̈x§Rª .dŸr© e§
:(my) lirln mrha 'c .Ez²Ẅ `le c :wecwcd wlg
332 `yz ik bl zeny aly
b"qx xiqtz
Al© h§ on© lMª o`M© e§ .Cir¦ eË §l`©
®¥ ld¤ Ÿ`´ Fl† `x¨w¬ë§
Ædïd̈e§ crFn
Bx'k©
ª i .dNl © `© Cpr¦ on¦ `nl © r¦ Îl ¤̀ Æ`v¥ i¥ d½ëŸdi§ WT´¥a© nÎl
§ M̈
i'c¦ N§ `© .Cir¦ eË §l`© Ax'v © n© 'il© `¦
'iqEn
© o`M© e§ (g :xMq © rË© l`© Bx`'
¦ k© uE¬gn¦ x†¤W£̀ crFn ¥½ ld¤ Ÿ`´
mEwi§ .À' © kË§ l`© 'il© `¦ Bx'© k§ i'c©`¦
lMª .oEAv¦ Yp© § ie§ .mewË © l`© rin¦ B§ .`p̈MW
§ n© zï aiqp̈
¥ dWŸ ¤ nE :d«p¤ g
£ O«
«© l©
.dŸiÀ' © k§ AÀ© Cpr¦ xn`¦ wigx
¥ `© .`z̈ixW ¦ n© l§ `xÄ© n¦ Dil¥ Diqx¥ tE
©
'il© `¦ .'iqEn © `x©e§ oEYt¦ Yl©§ ie§
ziA¥ oMW © n© Dil¥ ix¥ẅe§ .`z̈ixW ¦ n© on¦
o`M© e§ (h :À' © kË
§ l`© 'il© `¦ dŸlE'kC§
lfp©
¦ i .À' © kË§ l`© lk© c§ i'c©`¦ 'iqEn©
mc̈w¢ on¦ oẗlE` ra© z̈C§ lM̈ i¥ed̈e§ .`p̈ẗlE`
'il© r§ sw¦ i§e§ .m`n' © bË
§ l`© CEnr§ `xÄ© n¦ C§ ®.`p̈ẗlE` ziA¥ oMW © n© l§ witp̈
¥ .ï§i
z`³¥vM§ dÀ̈id̈ § g :`z̈ixW ¦ n© l§
Wi†¦` Ea½ S§ p¦¸ e§ mr̈½ d̈ÎlM̈ ÆEnEw̧ï ld¤ Ÿ`½ d̈Îl ¤̀ ÆdW ¤ Ÿn
F`† ŸAÎcr© dW ¤½ Ÿn ix£´¥g`«© ÆEhiA¸¦ d¦ e§ Fl¢
® d`«¨ gz´¤©R
.Ò̈r© lM̈ oin§
¦ iẅ .`p̈MW
§ n© l§ dWŸ
¤ n witp̈ dŸ`« d̈
¥ cM© .i¥ed̈e§ :dl̈¡
lil¥ r̈C§ cr© ®.dWŸ
¤ n ixFg
¥ £̀ oil¦ M§ Yq
© nE
¦ .di¥pMW
§ n© rxz
© A¦ xa© B§ .oic¦ Y§ rz
© nE
¦
cEÓr© Æcx¥ ¥i dl̈¡dŸ`½ d̈ ÆdW
¤ Ÿn `Ÿa³ M§ dÀ̈id̈ § h :`p̈MW
§ n© l§
¤ ŸnÎmr¦ x†¤Ac¦ e§ ld¤ Ÿ`® d̈ gz´¤

.i¥ed̈e§ :d«W © R c†©nr̈e§ op̈½ r̈«d¤
®.`p̈MW
§ n© rxz
© A¦ mi ¥̀ ẅe§ .`p̈p̈r£ C© `c̈EOr© zigp̈
¥ .`p̈MW
§ n© l§ dWŸ
¤ n lil¥ r̈ cM©
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
lM̈ EnEwï :l¤ `d̈ l¤̀ z¤k¤ll̈ d¤pg£ O© d© o¦n dÖ©` m¦iR© l§ `© M§ eip̈i¥aE m¤ki¥pi¥A d¤id§ ¦i wFgx¨
c©r oi¦aW § Fi oi¥̀ e§ eip̈R̈¦n mic§ ¦nFr .mr̈d̈ ,c¥rFn l¤ ` Fl `xFw ¤ dïd̈§e .Fl `x¨ẅe§ :dC̈¦OA©
.dWŸ¤ n ix£ ¥g`© EhiA¦ d¦ e§ :m¤dn¥ dQ̈©Mz§ ¦PW ¤ WT¥ a© n§ lM̈ :dxFY ¨ i¥Ww§ a© n§ ¦l c©r©e zi¥A Èd
,gḧ§anª KM̈W ¤ dẌ¦` cEl§i ix¥W § `© ,gäW § l¦ i¥pR§ l¥Aw© n§ M¦ o¥wf̈ i¥pR§ W¥Ta© n§ ¦l o`M̈¦n .'d
xA¤ c¦ e§ h :Fl¢d`¨ g©zt¤§l eix£
¨g`© q¥pM̈Y¦ dp̈i¦kX§ d© W
¤ .`¥vFi Fn§M .crFn ¥ ldŸ ¤ ` l ¤̀ `¥vi¥ :dp̈i¦kX§ d©
EnEBx© §Y .d ¤ n m¦r x¥Ac§ ©nE Fn§M .dWŸ ¤ n mr¦ i¥k£̀§ln© EN¦t£̀ 'd W¥Ta© n§ lM̈ dïd̈§e x¥g`© xäC̈
Fn§M ,dp̈i¦kW § cFa§M ÈdW § d ¤ n m¦r l©Nn© z§ n¦ E ,dp̈i¦kW § mFw§n mi¦l£̀FW Eid̈W ¤ M§ zx¥Ẍ©d
.eil̈¥̀ x¥AC¦ ©n lFT©d z¤̀ r©nW § ¦Ie© (ht f xacna) Fl¢ d `
¨ A
§ ì¦ d i x£
¥d m¤ d l̈ mi x§
¦ n F` m¤dix§
¥ag©
x¥AC¦©n `xFw ¤ ÈdW § M¦ .eil̈¥̀ x¥Ac§ ©n `xFw¤ Epi¥̀ §e dWŸ ¤ n z`¥vM§ :d¤ed oFW§l .dïd̈e§ g :d ¤ nÎ§NW ¤
bly `yz ik bl zeny 333
b"qx xiqtz
Îlk̈ d³¨`xë§ i :dWŸ¤ n mr¦ lN© nz © nE¦
dNl© `© mN¦ Mi© e¦ .À' © kË
§ l`© AÀ©
c†¥nŸr op̈½ r̈«d¤ cEÓrÎz
© ¤̀ Æmr̈d̈ rin¦ B§ 'i`© x§ `'c©`¦ t§ (i :'iqEn ©
sw`¦ e© .m`n' © bË
§ l`© CEnr§ mewË © l`©
Æmr̈d̈ÎlM̈ mw³ë§ ld¤ Ÿ`® d̈ gz´¤ ©R En`w© .À' © kË
§ l`© AÀ© 'il© r§
'il© r§ xn`¦ lMª CB© q§ e§ .oir¦ nB § `©
:Fl¢
« d`
«¨ gz¬¤ © R Wi†¦` E½eg
£Y«© W§ d¦ e§ dNl© `© mN¦ Mi
© e¦ (ì :dŸiÀ' © k§ AÀ©
mi ¥̀ ẅ .`p̈p̈r£ C© `c̈EOr© zï Ò̈r© lM̈ o©fg̈e§ mN¦ M© i§ `n© M§ .`d` © t© y§ 'iqEn ©
'il© `¦ rBx©
© ie§ .dŸAg` § v© xnË © l`©
®.oic¦ b§ q̈e§ Ò̈r© lM̈ oin§
¦ iẅe§ .`p̈MW
§ n© rxz
© A¦
mi´¦pR̈ ÆdW ¤ ŸnÎl ¤̀ d³ëŸdi§ xA¤̧ c¦ § ì :Di¥pMW § n© rxz © A¦ xa© B§
ÆaẄe§ Edr®¥xÎl ¥ ¤̀ Wi†¦` x¬¥Ac§©i x²¤W£̀ M«© mip¦½ R̈Îl ¤̀

`Ÿl¬ xr© p©½ ÆoEpÎoA¦ r³ª© WFd§i Fz¹ x§ Ẅ¸ nE § dp¤½ g £ O«
«© dÎl
© ¤̀
.lln
© n© mr¦ lln
© n© dWŸ
¤ n mr¦ ï§i liN¥ nnE
© :ld¤ Ÿ`« d̈ KFY ¬ n¦ Wi†¦nï
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
x©d l¤̀ x¤A©a z̈i¦lr̈§e (a cl zeny) Fl xn̈¡`¤p ,Fn§v©r oi¥a§l Fpi¥A x¥Ac§ ©n lFT©d FpFx§zR¦
mẄ dÜr̈§e ,zFpFx£g`© d̈ zFgEl l¤Aw© §l ,i©pi¦q `xFw ¤ ÈdW § k¦ §e ,eil̈¥̀ n¥ ©rn¥ FW hFic¦ §dd© §e
i¦ p¨`§e (i i mixac) m¤dÄ xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ ,mFi mi¦rÄx© §` :hFic¦ §dd© m¦r x¥Ac§ ©n K¤lO¤ d© W¤ r©nW § n© x¥Ac§ ©n
d©n ,'ebe mi¦pFW`xd̈ ¦ mi¦nÏ©M xd̈ä i¦Yc© §nr̈ dWŸ ¤ n l ¤̀ 'd xA¤ c¦ e§ ì :dp̈i¦kX § l© .Ee£gY© W§ d¦ e§ i
,oFvx§ Ä mi¦pFx£g`© d̈ s©` oFvx§ Ä mi¦pFW`xd̈ ¦ :d ¤ n m¦r l©Nn© z§ n¦ E .mi¦pR̈ l ¤̀ mi¦pR̈
dxÜ̈£rA© .q©rk© A§ Eid̈ mi¦I¦rv̈§n ¤̀ dŸ©rn¥ xFn¡` dïd̈ ,FO¦r x©Ac¦ §PW ¤ x©g`© §l .d¤pg£ O© d© l ¤̀ aẄe§
l¥̀ xÜ § ¦il§ Èd KExÄ WFcT̈©d dS̈x©z§ ¦p ix¦W § z¦ A§
d©n mi¦pw¥§G©l c¥O©ln§ E d¤pg£ O© d© l¤̀ aẄ d ¤ n
i¦Yg§ l© q̈ d ¤ n§l Fl x©n`¨ e§ ,m¥lẄ a¥la§ E dg̈§nU ¦ A§
mixER¦
¦ Md© mFI¦n d ¤ n b©dp̈ d¤Gd© xäC̈©d§e .c©nN̈¤W
cxï§
© e .zFpFx£g`© zFgEl Fl x©qn̈E ,Lxä ¤ c¦§M
dr̈§aW¦ A§ ix£¥dW¤ ,xz¥ Fi `l§e oM̈W § O¦ d© m©wEdW ¤ c©r
oM̈W§ O¦ d© z¤k`¤ln§ l©r mz̈FE©vl§ li¦gz§ d¦ §e
dp̈FnW § a¦ E ,zFgEN©d Ex§AY© W § ¦p fEO©zA§ xÜr̈
xÄc¦§p `l mẅEdX ¤ n¦ E ,oq̈i¦pA§ cg̈¤̀ c©r EdEÙ̈£re©
,mi¦`h§ Fg©d z¤̀ oC̈§e l¤br¥ d̈ z¤̀ sx©Ü xÜr̈
l ¤̀ aẄe§ :c¥rFn l¤ `¥n `l̈¥̀ cFr FO¦r i¦d§ie© (l al zeny) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ ,dl̈r̈ xÜr̈ dr̈§Wz¦ a§ E
ÈdW § i¦t§l ,`z̈ix¦W § n© l§ az̈§e EnEBx©§Y .d¤pg£ O© d© mẄ dÜr̈ ,'ebe mr̈d̈ l¤̀ d ¤ n x¤nÌ©e zx¢ ¨gÖ¦n
,mr̈d̈ lk̈ d¨`x§ ë .oï§pr¦ d̈ lM̈ o¥k§e ,d¤ed oFW§l (gi h 'ac) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ ,mi¦ng£ x© W¤Ta¦ E mFi mi¦rÄx© §`
.oi¦lM§ Y© q§ n¦ E ,Ehi¦Ad¦ e§ .oi¦ni§iẅ§e ,Ea§S¦pe§ .o©fg̈§e lEl¡` W ¤g W`x§aE ,'ebe 'd i¥pt§ l¦ l©R©pz§ ¤̀ë
lke cinz deed xac èd ik ,aze `le ai`ze mebxzd .dpgnd l` aẄe§ ì :wecwcd wlg
oeyln dywz lè .aei` dyri dkk weqta i"yx yxity enke cizre xar ynyn deed
ekxc ik mebxza xne` dz` ok `le .cizrl ektdn y`xay e"ied ik ,aye hwpc `xwnd
:yxtl
334 `yz ik bl zeny cly
b"qx xiqtz ai ¥̀ z̈e§ .Dixa

¥ g© mr¦ `xaEB
¨ liN¥ ni
© C¦ `n̈M§
.dŸnc`' § k© o`M© e§ .xMq© rË© l`© oEp xA© r© WFd§
ª i .Di¥pẄnEWnE .`z̈ixW¦ n© l§
lEfi§ `l© .À` © y© oEp oA`¦ ryedi
iqEn
© l`w© t§ (ai : À' © kË
§ l`© on¦ t :`p̈MW § n© FBn¦ ic¥r̈ `l̈ ®.`n̈ilEr
¥
il¦ Ylwª J©P`© A§ ml`
Yp`© e§ .mewË
¦ r© Yp`© .dN© l¦
© l`© i`le © d© crv © `¦ xn` ¤ ŸI̧© ai (iyily) % iying
.ir¦ n§ 'zrA © Y© on© A§ .ipt ¦ “¦ r© Y§ ml© t§
cw© iP¦ `© il¦ Ylwª Cw© t§ Yp`© e§
dYº̈ `© d ¥̀ xÂ§ dÀëŸdi§ Îl ¤̀ dW ¤¹ Ÿn
``' © v© g§ YCB¦ eE§ .Jnq © `¦ Yt“©y© mr´¨d̈Îz ¤̀ lr© d©µ Æil© ¥̀ x³¥nŸ`
YCb' ¦ e§ o`¦ .o`Ë © lè© (bi :iCp ¦ r¦
.Jx©ii§ q© ipt¦ “¦ r© .Jcp © r¦ ``' © v© g§ © d« `Ÿl´ ÆdŸ`© e§ d½G¤d©
ip¦ Y©½ r§ cF
Cb© `§ o`© lA© w¦ l§ .JA© s“¦r© `§ 'iY© g©
jAr © y© l§ x'vp ª `¦ e§ .Jcp © r¦ ``' © v© g§ i®¦Or¦ g†©lW§ YÎx ¦ W£̀ ¤ z¬¥̀
Li´¦Yr§ c§©i ÆŸx§ n©¸ `¨ d³Ÿ`© e§
.i¦fg£ .ï§i mc̈w¢ dWŸ
¤ n xn© £̀ e© :i«p̈ir¥ A§ o†¥g z̈`¬v̈n̈Îm©be§ mW ¥½ a§
glW © z¦ C§ zï .ip¦ Yr
© cFd
© `l̈ Y`© e§ .oic¥d̈ Ò̈r© zï wQ¥ `© il¦ xn© `¨ .Y`© C§
:in̈c̈w¢ oin£ ¦ gx© `ŸgMW© `© s`© e§ ®.mFWA§ jz̈iA¦ x© Yxn© £̀ Y`© e§ .iO¦ r¦
Æ`p̈ ip¦ r³¥cF¦ d« Lip¤À ir¥ A§ og¥¹ iz`¦ v̈¸ n̈ Á`p̈Îm`¦ dŸ¿ r© § bi
Li®p¤ ir¥ A§ o†¥gÎ`v̈n« § ¤̀ or¬©
© nl§ L½ rć̈
£ ¥̀ e§ Lk¤½ x¨CÎz
§ ¤̀
oin£
¦ gx© zig¦ MW
© `© or© M§ m`¦ .orkE
© :d«G¤d© iF¬Bd© L† O§ r© i¬¦M d ¥̀¾ xE§
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
.dŸr© e§ bi :ml̈Fr§l Epi¦n£̀©i L§A m©b§e 'ebe op̈r̈¤d d ¤ n l¤̀ 'd x¤Ac§ ¦e FWx¨c¦
§nE .oic§
¦bq̈§e ,Ee£gY© W
§ d¦ §e
z¤̀ `p̈ i¦p¥ricFd
¦ Li¤pi¥rA§ o¥g i¦z`v̈ÖW ¤ z¤n¡` m¦` dŸ©`§e q©rk© A§ i¦p£̀ Fl x©n`¨ ,d¤pg£ O© d© l¤̀ aEWÏ¤W
o¥g i¥̀ v§ Fn§l oz¥ Fp dŸ©` xk̈Ü d©n ,L¤kx¨C§ dŸ`© d ¥̀ x§ ai :m¥axẅ§ § i i¦n o¥M m¦` ,q©rk© A§
.Li¤pir¥ A§ og¥ `v̈n§ ¤̀ or© n© l§ Lr£ c̈ ¥̀ e§ :Li¤pi¥rA§ .Lixä¤ C§ l©r KÄ¦l§e Li¤pi¥r oY¥ ,d¥̀ x§ .il© ¥̀ xnF`
¥
o¥g z©ì¦vn§ ì¦d d©n Kl̈En§bY© zC¦ ©n Ff§A rc¥̀ © §e ,'ebe i¦pY© r§ cFd
© `l dŸ©`§e 'ebe i©l ¥̀ x¥nF` dŸ©`
,o¥g `v̈§n ¤̀ o©rn© §l oFx§zt¦ E ,Li¤pi¥rA§ i¦z`v̈ÖW ¤ g© l¥ FW i¦ p¨` d¥Pd¦ (k bk zeny) i¦l Ÿx© §n`¨ xW ¤ £̀©e
d ¥̀ xE§ :o¥gd© z©ì¦vn§ x©kU § dÖ©M xi¦M`© o©rn© §l :DÄ u¥tg̈ i¦p£̀ oi¥̀ W § ,dr̈c̈Fd Ff oi¥̀ ,K¨`l§ n©
dU ¤ ¡r ¤̀§e x©n`Y `N¤W .d¤Gd© iFBd© LO§ r© iM¦ Li¦Yx© §Md¦ .mW ¥ a§ LiY¦ r§ c§©i Ÿx§n© `¨ dŸ`© e§
i¦M d¥̀ x§ ,aFf£rY© d¤N ¥̀ z¤̀§e ,lFcb̈ iFb§l Lz§ F` Ÿx© §n`¨ ix£ ¥dW¤ ,zEai¦Wg£ m¥WA§ mc̈¨` i¥pA§ x¨`X § n¦
K¥nFq i¦pi¥̀ ,q¨`n§ Y¦ m¤dÄ m¦è§ ,mc¤ ¤Tn¦ m¥d L§Or¦ a©rA§ Li¤l ¥̀ À̈ i¦ p¨` d¥Pd¦ (h hi zeny) i¦l
dly `yz ik bl zeny 335
.jäEh gxF` © zï or© k§ ip¦ rcFd© .jn̈c̈w¢ b"qx xiqtz

oin£
¦ gx© gMW © `© C§ lic¦ A§ .jn̈£gx© rC© `© e§ .dŸl l`w© (ci :dO© ª̀ lË`© d'c©d©
:J“©w¦ `§ o`© 'il© `¦ Jr© n§ xiq¦ i§ ixEp¦
:oic¥d̈ Ò̈r© jÖr© ix¥ £̀ ®.jn̈c̈w¢ ilbE
¥ .jn̈c̈w¢
JxEp© xiq¦ i§ ml© o`¦ .l`w© (eh
iz¦ Ÿg¬ p£ ¦ de«© Ek†¥l¥i i¬©pR̈ x®©n`ŸI © ci `©pCr¦ v§ Y© `l© t§ .o`Ë© l`© on¦ `©prn©
sxr © iª `'c© `n© AE § (fh :'i©pdª d© on¦
:jl̈ gi © p¦ £̀ e© jd̈Y§ iz¦ p§ ik¦ W§ ®.xn© £̀ e© :K«l̈ ``' © v© g§ YCb¦ e§ Cw© o`© .o`Ë © l`©
oi³¥̀ Îm`¦ ei®l̈ ¥̀ xn` ¤ ŸI† © eh xiq¦ n§ A§ `N© `¦ .Jne

.(o`l
© w© e§ `©p`§ Jcp
© `© on¦ :p"i) `©prn© JxEp
© r¦
©
Ep†¥lr£ YÎl «© `© mik¦½ l§ Ÿd« ÆLip¤̧ R̈ rin¦ B§ on¦ .Jne
dBe© 'il© r§
© w© e§ `©p`§ oiA¦ p§ t§
i'c¦ N§ `© .mewË
© l`©
jz̈p§ ik¦ W§ zil¥ m`¦ .idFn ¦ c̈w¢ xn© £̀ e© :d«G¤n ¦ dNl© `© l`w© t§ (fi :'ux`Ë © l`©
i'c¦ N§ `© xn`Ë © l`© `'c©d© .'iqEn © l§
:`M̈n¦ `p̈©Pw¦ Q§ z© `l̈ ®.`p̈©piA¥ `k̈N§ d© n§
ÎiM¦ `FtÀ ¥̀ r´© cËi¦ | d´¤OaE © fh
ĹY§ k§ l¤ A§ `Fl£ † d LO¤½ r© e§ i´¦p£̀ ÆLipi ¤̧ r¥ A§ o³¥g iz`
¦ v̈¸ n̈
Îlr© x†¤W£̀ mr̈½ d̈ÎlM̈¸ n¦ L½ O§ r© e§ i´¦p£̀ ÆEpil¸¦ t§ p¦ e§ Ep®Ör¦
jn̈c̈w¢ oin£ © `© ix¥ £̀ .`k̈d̈ rc§©iz¦i `n̈aE :d«n̈c̈£̀ d̈
¦ gx© zig¦ MW « i¬p¥ R§
il¦ oẄix¦t§ `p̈l© oc̈arz¦
© ie§ .`p̈O© r¦ jz̈p§ ik¦ W§ jd̈nA¦ `l̈£d .jÖr© e§ `p̈ £̀
(iriax) t :`r̈x`© iR¥ `© lr© C§ ®.Ò̈r© lM̈n¦ i©PEWn§ .jÖrlE
% iyy ©
d²¤Gd© x¬äC̈dÎz
© ¤̀ m´©B dW ¤½ ŸnÎl ¤̀ ÆdëŸdi§ xn` ¤ ŸI³ © fi
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
l¥̀ FW i¦p£̀ x¥g`© xäC̈ cFr§e .EpÖ¦r L§Yk§ l¤ A§ `l£d mEl§WY© z¤̀§e ,En§Iw© z§ ¦IW ¤ i©vl̈£gn¥ mi¦`v§ FI©d l©r
zFO ª̀ l©r [cFr] Kz̈p̈i¦kW § dx¤W § Y© `N¤W KÖ¦n Epi¥zFAx§ ¦e ,i¦pr¥ icFY
¦ d¤Gd© mr̈Ä i¦NW ¤ xk̈V̈©d
mi¦lC̈§anª d¤id§ ¦p§e .LO§ r© e§ i¦p £̀ Epil¦ t¦§ pe§ :ml̈Frd̈ aX ¥ ©il§ i¦p£̀©e (` f sc) zFkx§ Ä z¤kQ¤ n© A§ EdEWx¨C§
dl̈§td¦ §e (c h zeny) Fn§M ,mr̈d̈ lM̈¦n d¤Gd© xäC̈©A :i¦
z À̈ m x¨c¦
§ q l©
r e
§ m¤d i¥
pt§ `¨ l©r zF`x§ ¨wO¦ d©
xäC̈d© z ¤̀ m©B fi :'ebe l¥̀ xÜ § ¦i d¥pw§ n¦ oi¥A 'd g©lW § ¤̀ `l ,FnEBx© §zM§ .Ekl¥ ¥ i i©pR̈ xn`Ÿ
© Ie© ci
zFO ª̀ l©r cFr i¦zp̈i¦kW § dx¤W § z¦ `N¤W .d¤Gd© (ì fi a"eny) Fn§M ,K¥l ¥̀ i¦nv§ ©rA§ i¦p£̀ ,K¨`l§ n© cFr
l©r mr̈§lA¦ Î§NW ¤ eixä
¨ C§ oi¥̀ §e ,dU ¤ ¡r ¤̀ ,ml̈Frd̈ Ff§A .eil̈ ¥̀ xn`Ÿ ¤ Ie© eh :ax§ ¨wA© mi¦k§lFd Li¤pẗE
,m¦ip̈i¥r iEl§bE l¥tFp `l̈¥̀ ,dp̈i¦kW § z©Ix¦W § ic§¥i :d¤Gn¦ Ep¥l£rY© l©` K¨`l§ n© ic§ ¥i l©r i¦M ,u¥tg̈ i¦p£̀
oi¦rn§ FW ,aP̈ªb§i xäC̈ i©l ¥̀ §e (ai c aei`) oFb§M ,o¥gd© zEì¦vn§ rcË © ¦i .`Ft ¥̀ rcË¦ © i dO¤ aE
© fh
336 `yz ik bl zeny ely
b"qx xiqtz
J©P`© l§ .`'vi © `© dŸrpv § `© dŸYl`¦ q§
ÎiM¦ d®¤Ur« ¡ ¤̀ Ÿx†© § AC¦ x¬¤W£̀
Yt“©y© e§ .iCp ¦ r¦ ``'© v© g§ YCb'
¦ e§ Cw© L† r£ c̈« ¥̀ «ë ip©½ ir¥ A§ Æog¥ z̈`³v̈n̈
JxEp
© ipi ¦ xe¦ `© .l`w© (gi :Jnq © `¦
“nª `§ `©p`§ .l`w© (hi :`'vi © `© zï s`© .dWŸ ¤ nl§ ï§i xn© £̀ e© :m«W
¥ A§
ic`©
¦ p`§ e© .JY© x'v § g© A§ ixEp¦ rin¦ B§
ix¥ £̀ .cia¥ r¡ ¤̀ `ŸliN¥ n© C§ .oic¥d̈ `n̈b̈zR¦
sEx`§ e© .JiC©i§ oiA© dNl © `© mq`¦ A§
:mgx
© `© on© mgx © `© e§ .sEx`§ on©
:mFWA§ jz̈iA¦ x©e§ ®.in© c̈w¢ oin£
¦ gx© `ŸgMW
© `©
.ixEp Îz ¤̀ `†p̈ ip¬¥̀
¦ `x©Y§ o`© wih¦ Y§ `l© .l`w© (k ¦ x§ d© x®©n`ŸI © gi
.`©ig©it§ o`qp © `¦ d`x©i§ `l© dŸP`© l§
¦ fg`© ®.xn© £̀ e© :Lc
:jx¨ẅ§i zï or© k§ ipi¥ «¤ŸaM§
Îlr© ÆiaEhÎl ¦ M̈ xi³¦ar« £ `© ip£̀
¦¸ xn` ¤ ŸIÀ © hi
Îz ¤̀ Æiz¦ ŸPg© e§ Li®p¤ ẗl§ d†ëŸdi§ m²¥Wa§ iz` ¦ x¯¨ẅe§ Lip¤½ R̈
`p̈ £̀ .xn© £̀ e© :m«g © x¬¤W£̀ Îz ¤̀ i†¦Yn§ g© x«¦ e§ oŸg½ `¨ x´¤W£̀
¥ x£̀
®.oEg £̀ C© on© l§ oEg £̀ e© .jn̈c̈w¢ ïiC© `n̈WA¦ ixw
¥ ¤̀ e§ .jR̈`© lr© iaEh
¦ lM̈ xAr
© ¤̀
zŸ`´ x§ l¦ l†©kEz `¬Ÿl xn` ¤ ŸI¾ © k :mig¥ x© £̀ C© on© lr© mig¥ x© £̀ e©
lFMz¦ `l̈ .xn© £̀ e© :i«g̈ë m†c̈`« ¦ `x¦§ iÎ`Ÿl i²¦M i®p̈R̈Îz ¤̀
¨ d̈ ip¬©
:mi©Iwz¦
© ie§ `Ẅp̈¡` ip©
¦ pi¥fg¦i `l̈ ®.ix¥ £̀ .iz¦ p§ ik¦ W§ iR¥ `© zï i¥fgn¦ l§
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
i¦zF` d¤̀Fx dŸ©`W ¤ d¤f xc¥ ¤qk§ E ,zFa¨` zEk§f z ¤̀ `p̈ i¦p ¥̀ x§d© xn`Ÿ © Ie© gi :©gi¦lẄ ic§ ¥i l©r
c¥O©ln§ i¦ed¡ zFC¦n dx¥U § ¤r Wl§W ` ¤ew§e sḦªrn§ eixä ¨ cE § oFvx¨ z¥r dïd̈W¤ d ¤ n d¨`x¨ .LceŸ ¤ aM§
i©pẗ§l Exi¦M§f©IW
¤ ic§ ¥i l©r§e ,o¥M zFU£r©l l¥̀ xÜ§ ¦i z¤̀ zi¦`x© §n FzF`x©§d§l lF`W § ¦l si¦qFd§e ,mi¦lÄª wn§
:mi¦lM̈ `l i©ng£ x© i¦M oi¦pr§ ©p Ei§d¦i oEP©g§e mEgx© dr̈i¦Bd¦ .'ebe xia¦ r£ `© i¦p £̀ xn`Ÿ ¤ Ie© hi :FcFa§M
mi¦nr̈§R oz̈F` .oŸg`¨ xW£̀ ¤ z ¤̀ izŸ¦ Pg© e§ Kz̈F` dW ¤ x©
§`W
¤ d©n icFa§
¦ kA¦ d¤̀ x§Y¦ W ¤ ,dr̈Ẅ
.m¥gx§ ©l uFR§g ¤̀ W ¤ z¥r .iY¦ n§ g© x¦e§ :oFgl̈ d¤vx¤̀
§ W¤ xc¥ ¤q Kc̈§O©l§l Kixv̈§
¦ e d¤vFx i¦p£̀ W
¤ i¦tl§ ,zF`x¦ §l
mi¦Y¦r d¤p¡r ¤̀ mi¦Yr¦ `l̈¥̀ Fgi¦ha§ d¦ `l o`M̈ c©r l©r mi¦ng£ x© y¤Ta© §l Ÿ§kx§ ©v¦PW
¤ M§ W
¤ ,dN̈¦tY§
zeny) Fl x©n` ¨ dU ¤ £rn© z©rẄ§A lä£̀ ,d¤p¡r ¤̀ `l ,dŸ©` xEaq̈§M ,zFa¨` zEk§f i¦l Ÿx© §M§fd¦ ,l¥̀ xÜ
§ ¦i
op̈i¥̀ W
§ Fgi¦ha§ d¦ ,zix§ ¦A zxFM ¥ i¦ p¨` d¥Pd¦ (i cl i¦p£̀ ,dë§wY¦ cFr oi¥̀ zFa¨` zEk§f DÖ©Y m¦`W §
s©` .'ebe lkEz © `Ÿl xn`Ÿ ¤ Ie© k :mẅix¥ zFx§fFg dŸ©`§e ,xES©d l©r Li¤pẗ§l i¦aEh zC¦ ©n lM̈ xi¦a£r`©
Kl̈ oz¥ Fp i¦pi¥̀ Li¤pR̈ l©r i¦aEh lM̈ xi¦a£r`© W ¤ M§ .Li¤pẗl§ 'd mW ¥ a§ iz`¦ x¨ẅe§ :dxr̈§
¨ OA© oEtv̈
:i©pR̈ z¤̀ zF`x¦ §l zEWx§ d¤lk§ Y¦ m¦` s©` mi¦ng£ x© z©WT̈©A xc¥ ¤q Kc̈§O©l§l
fly `yz ik cl zeny 337
b"qx xiqtz
mFw† n̈ d¬¥Pd¦ d½ëŸdi§ xn`¤ ŸÍe© `k iCp
¦ r¦ i'cEd © .dNl
© `© l`w© (`k
xn© £̀ e© :xES
« dÎl
© r© †Ÿa©
§ Sp¦ e§ i®¦Y`¦ :oè©SË
ª l`© 'il© r§ Av¦ Yp § `¦ .r've © n©
.ixEp
¦ jA© “n© `'c©`¦ t§ (ak
lr© cY© rz
© z¦ e§ ®.in̈c̈w¢ oTEz
© n§ xz© £̀ `d̈ .ï§i .oè©Sl
ª `© xiw¦ p§ it¦ JYx © ii© v©
ic½¦ ŸaM§ xŸár«£ A© Ædïd̈ § ak :`xP̈¨ h¦ fEBi§ iY© g© Jil© r§ .iA`
¦ g© q§ A§ Yll'
© v© e§
.iA`
¦ g© q§ lif¦ `§ m'zª (bk :dŸlee§ `©
xE®Sd© zx´©w§ p¦ A§ Li†¦Yn§ U © e§ .ixEp
¦ x'k`¦ e©`§ x'vp ª Y© 'iY© g©
m'zª (` cl :`x©Y§ ml© dŸli`
¦ e©`§ e©
¬¦ ŸMU
:ix«¦ a§ r̈Îcr© Li†¤lr̈ i²¦Rk© iz © e§ Ygp
¦ `¦ .'iqEn
© l§ dNl © `© l`w©
zx©r̈nA¦ jp̈i¥EW
© £̀ e© .ix¦ẅ§i xAr
© n¦ A§ idi
¥ e¦
© ¤̀ Æiz¦ Ÿxq£
iR¦½ MÎz «¦ d«© bk :xAr © `© C§ cr© jl̈r£ ®.ix¦ni
§ n¥ A§ oi¥B`© e§ .`xP̈
¨ h¦
zxa ¥ ¤̀ e§ :E`
© C¦ zï iCr « ẍ«i¥ `Ÿl¬ i†©pẗE i®¨ xŸg £̀ Îz ¤̀ z̈i†¦`xë§
% iriay t :oFfgY¦© i `l̈ in© c̈wc¦ e§ ®.ix¨z§ äC§ zï i¥fgz¦ e§ .ix¦ẅ§i
L² lÎl
§ q̈R§ dW ¤½ ŸnÎl ¤̀ ÆdëŸdi§ xn` ¤ ŸI³ © ` cl (iying)
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
c¤b¤Pn¦ icFa§
¦ M z©bd̈§pd© w¥Nq© £̀ W ¤ M§ ,ixẅ§
¦ i zx§ ©aC¦ x¥Ac§
©n i¦p£̀ xW ¤ £̀ xd̈Ä .iY¦ `¦ mFwn̈ d¥Pd¦ `k
.ixŸ¨g £̀ z ¤̀ z̈i`¦ xë§ :o©ld§ ©l§e mẌ¦n z¤k¤ll̈ Li¤pR̈ KM̈xv̈§ § l i¦l ok̈En mFwn̈ W¥i ,ci¦nŸ KÖ¦r
:oi¦Nt¦ z§ Î¦NW
¤ xW¤ w¤ Ed¨`x¤§d d©n d¤̀ x§Y¦ mẌ¦nE ,wFGY¦ `N¤W mẄ Kp̈i¦nh§ `© W ¤
oEpixi¥¦ R©pq§ a¥vg§ n© Ed¨`x¤ §d .Ll§ lq̈R§ ` cl mFwn̈ l©r FW x¨c¦
§ n E .FhEX¦ R Ed¤f ,d¤̀ x§Y¦ W¤
,KN̈¤W d¤id§ ¦i z¤lFq§Rd© Fl x©n`¨ §e ,Fl¢ d`¨ KFY¦n ,i¦Y`¦ mFwÖ©d x¥nF`§e x¥Ac§ ©n mẄ dp̈i¦kX § d© W¤
dŸ©` .L§l lq̈§R :d¥Ax© §d d ¤ n xX ¤ ©rz§ ¦p mẌ¦nE Èd KExÄ WFcT̈©dW ¤ ,mFwÖ©A i¦p£̀ x¥nF` epi¥̀ §e
.zFx¥g£̀ L§l lq̈§R dŸ©` ,zFpFW`xd̈ ¦ Ÿx© §AW¦ xŸar£ A© ak :FnFw§n Fnl̈Fr oi¥̀ e§ ml̈FrN̈¤W FnFw§n
g© i¦Pd¦ §e mÏ©d z©pic§ ¦n¦l K©ld̈W ¤ K¤ln¤ §l lẄn̈ .xESd© zx©w§ p¦ A§ :Li¤pẗ§l xFa¡r ¤̀ W ¤ M§ .icŸ¦ aM§
zFgẗ§Xd© lEw§lw¦ KFY¦n ,zFgẗ§Xd© m¦r Fzq̈Ex£̀ ,x¥T©pY§ m¥dd̈ mi¦Wp̈£̀ d̈ i¥pi¥rd© (ci fh xacna) Fn§M
rxẅ§
© e Dp̈i¦aW § FW c©nr̈ ,rx¨ m¥W d̈i¤lr̈ `v̈ï (ck hi 'a mikln) ,l©g©p i¥axFr § d̈Ex§T¦i (fi l ilyn)
x© e` Db̈xd̈§ § l K¤lO¤ d© x©nì m¦` x©n`¨ ,Dz̈Äz§ ªM ,m¤dl̈ z©g`© dx§¨f¦B ,m¦in̈ i¦zi¦zẄ§e i¦Yx© §w i¦p£̀
,`v̈n̈E K¤lO¤ d© wcÄ © .L§YW § `¦ Dp̈i¥̀ oi¦ic£ ©r Fl o`M̈¦n .iR¦ k© izŸ¦ MU © e§ :xES©d z©Ix§¦M xES©d zx§ ©w¦p
dS̈x©z§ ¦p ,zFgẗ§Xd© o¦n `l̈¥̀ lEw§lT¦ d© dïd̈ `N¤W FnEBx© §ze§ ,l¥Ag© l§ mi¦lA§ g© n§ ©l zEWx§ dp̈§Y¦PW ¤
dÄz§ ªM Dl̈ aFz§M Dp̈i¦aW § FW Fl x©n`¨ .Dl̈ cFaM̈ K x¤c§
¤l Èd iEP¦
M ,ix§¦n i¥
n A
§ oi¥B `
© §e
K¤lO¤ d© Fl x©n`¨ .dp̈FW`xd̈ ¦ dr̈x§ §w¦PW¤ ,zx¤ ¤g`© s©kA§ eil̈r̈ K¥kFq§l Kixv̈ ¦ Epi¥̀ W § ,dl̈§rn© §NW ¤
,x¥g`© xï§p Kl̈ d¥pw§ dŸ©` ,Dz̈F` Ÿ§rxẅ © dŸ©` zï iC§ ¥r`© §e .iR¦ M© z ¤̀ izeŸ ¦ xq£ ¦ de© bk :WÖ©n
.mdipia cixtdle j"nqd mirhdl bdpnd .L² lÎl
§ q̈R§ (`) xend ony
338 `yz ik cl zeny gly
b"qx xiqtz
'iY© g© .oil¦ e»§e`Ë © l`M© xde © B© ige © l©
mi®¦pŸW`x«¦ M̈ mi†¦pä£̀ zŸg¬ lª Îi¥pW§
.m`l© MË § l`© rin¦ B§ .`n© di ª l© r§ aYM ª `© Îz ¤̀ zŸg½ Nª dÎl © r© ÆiY¦ a§ z« © k̈e§
oige
© NË © l`© 'il© r§ .o`M© i'c¦ N§ `©
:`n© dª Yx § Q© M© i'c¦ N§ `© oil¦ ee§ `Ë © l`© Îlr© E²id̈ x¬¤W£̀ mix½¦ äC§ d©¸
.d`C'© bË § l`l¦ `C©r¦ Yq § nª oMª e§ (a
lA© B§ 'il© `¦ d`C'© bË § l`© it¦ crv ¦ `¦ e§ x¬¤W£̀ mi†¦pŸW`x«¦ d̈ zŸg¬ Nª d©
q`x© 'il© r§ m'z© il¦ s‹ w¦ e§ .i©piq¦
Crv©
© i `l© o`qp © `¦ e§ (b :lA© BË § l`© ¤ nl§ ï§i xn© £̀ e© :Ÿx«§ A
.jl̈ lq̈R§ .dWŸ © W¦
iiy© it¦ o`qp © `¦ `x©i§ `l© e§ .Jr© n§ lr© aFYk ¤̀ e§ .i ¥̀ n̈cw© M§ Ì̈©pa`© igEl
¥ oix¥Y§
m©p'bË§ l`© 'iY© g© .lA© BË § l`© on¦ Ì̈gEl
© lr© ®.Fe£dC© .Ì̈nb̈z © R¦ zï .Ì̈gEl
©
:Dil¦ i§ `n© n¦ .oerx © i¦ `l© xw© AË § lè©
.oil¦ ee§ `Ë
© l`M© xde © B© ige© l© Yg© p§ t§ (c oFkp̈
† d¬¥id«§ ¤ a :`ŸxA© z© C§ i ¥̀ n̈cw©
cr© v§ e§ d`C'© bË § lÀ¦ 'iqEn
dŸxn`© `n© M§ .i©piq¦ lA© B§ 'il© `¦
© BlC
© `© e§
Îl ¤̀ Æxw¤ ŸA̧a© z̈i³¦lr̈e§ xw¤ ŸA® l©
m†Ẅ i²¦l ¬Ÿa© § Sp¦ e§ ip©½ iq¦ x´©d
`xEh
¨ l§ `xt©
¨ vA§ wQ© z¦ e§ .`xt©
¨ vl§ oin§ ¦ e¦ :x«d̈d̈ W`ŸxÎl
¦ f ied ¬ r©
d´¤lr«£ i©Î`Ÿl ÆWi`¦ § b :`xEh
¨ Wix¥ lr© oÖY© ®.in© c̈w¢ cY© rz
© z¦ e§ .i©piq¦ C§
Îm©B x®d̈d̈Îlk̈A§ `†¨ x¥iÎl`© Wi¬¦`Îm©be§ KÖ½ r¦

:Èd« d© x¬d̈d̈ lEnÎl † ¤̀ Er½ x¦§ iÎl`© ÆxẅÄd© e§ o`ŸS³ d©
`p̈r̈ s`© .`xEh
¨ lk̈A§ i¥fgY¦
© i `l̈ Wp̈¡` s`© e§ .jÖr¦ wQ¦
© i `l̈ Wp̈¡è¤
zŸģlÎi¥ª pW§ lŸq¿ t¦ § I © c :Èdd© `xEh
¨ lia¥ w¢ l̈ ®.oFrx¦i `l̈ ixFz
¥ e§
Ælr¸© I© e© Æxw¤ ŸA̧a© d³¤WŸn mM¥̧ W© § Ie© mip¦ÀŸW`x«¦ M̈ mip¦¹ ä£̀
Fcï
½ A§ gT¦ ´©Ie© Fz® Ÿ` d†ëŸdi§ d¬Ëv¦ x²¤W£̀ M«© ip©½ iq¦ x´©dÎl ¤̀
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
.KÖr¦ dl¤ r©£ i `Ÿl Wi`¦ e§ b :oÖªfn§ .oFkp̈ a d¤f K¤lO¤ d© o¥M ,icï ¦ az̈§kA¦ Dl̈ aFY§k ¤̀ i¦p£̀©e
zFÈWz§ A¦ Eid̈W ¤ ic§ ¥i l©r zFpFW`xd̈ ¦ ,ax© ax¥
¤r EN¥̀ zFgẗ§Xd© ,Èd KExÄ WFcT̈©d
oi¥̀ ,dr̈x¨ o¦i©r o¤dÄ dḧ§lẄ ,dN̈¦dw§ E zFlFw§e WFcT̈©dÎ§NW ¤ Fzq̈Ex£̀ ,d ¤ n d¤f oi¦aW § FX©d§e
:zEri¦pS§ d© o¦n dẗï dC̈¦n Kl̈ :L§l lq̈§R xn̈¡`¤p KM̈§l ,l¥̀ xÜ
§ ¦i EN¥̀ Èd KExÄ
hly `yz ik cl zeny 339
b"qx xiqtz
oix¥Y§ .lqtE
© :mi«p¦ ä£̀ zŸg¬ lª i†p¥ W§ ige
© l© dŸrn§ 'c'k© `§ e§ .dNl © `©
dWŸ
¤ n miCw ¥ `© e§ .i ¥̀ n̈cw© M§ Ì̈©pa`© igEl¥ dNl© `© `N© B© Y§ t§ (d :xde © BË © l`
`n̈M§ .i©piq¦ C§ `xEh ¨ l§ wilqE ¥ `xt©
¨ vA§ dŸrn§ dxEp © swe © `© e§ .m`n' © bË§ lÀ¦
igEl
¥ oix¥Y§ ®.Dici ¥ A¦ aiqpE
¥ .Dizï ¥ ï§i ciT¥ t© C§ :dNl© `© mq`¦ A§ `c`© © pe§ .J`©pdª
oiA© dNl © `© xEp “n© Òl © t§ (e
op̈½ r̈«A¤ ÆdëŸdi§ c¤x³¥I © d :Ì̈©pa`© dNl© `© .dNl © `© `c`© © p .DiC©i§
`x¬¨w¦ § Ie© m®Ẅ FO† r¦ a¬¥Si©z¦ § Ie© .sE`“l

l'vtl
© `© mEg“l § `© wi`
© `© xi'z¦ M§ .ldnË
¦ HË © l`©
© l`© lie¦h§
§ `¦ e§ :d«ëŸdi§ m†¥
.`p̈p̈r£ A© ï§i il¦ Bz Wa§ l'vtË © l`© 'ut`¦ g© (f :o`qg © `Ë ¦ lè©
mxBË ¦ lè© ApCl‹© `© xt`'©¦ b .sEl`§ l¦
:ïiC© `n̈WA¦ `xwE
¨ ®.oÖY© DiO¥ r¦ cY© rz
© `¦ e§ .ixA©
¦ i `l© e§ ixA© ¦ ie§ .di©ih' ¦ kË§ lè©
»eip̈R̈Îlr© | d¬ëŸdi§ xŸa̧r£«I© © e
m¦i†©R`© Kx¬¤̀ ¤ oE®Pg© e§ mEg† x© l¬¥̀ d½ëŸdi§ | dé̈Ÿdi§ `¼ x¨w¦ § Ie©
.ï§i ï§i .`xwE
¨ idFR © `© e§ :z«n¡
¦ `© lr© Diz¥ p§ ik¦ W§ ï§i xAr ¤ `«e¤ cq¬¤ ¤ gÎax©e§
x¬¥vŸ f :hFWwE oëaḧ ca© r£ n© l§ i¥BqnE© f©bx§ wigx ¥ n© ®.`p̈P̈g© e§ `p̈n̈gx© `d̈l̈`
¡
ÆdT© ¥ pe§ d®¨`Ḧg© e§ rW†¤© të oŸe²r̈ `¬¥UŸp mit¦½ l̈£̀ l̈« Æcq¤ g¤̧
í¥pAÎl§ r© e§ Æmip¦ ÄÎlr© zFaÀ `¨ oŸér£ | cw´¥ŸR dT© ¤½ pi§ `Ÿl´
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
mc̈¨`d̈W ¤ .cq¤ g¤ x¥vŸp f :FpFvx§ i¥UFr§l aFh `n̈W § A¦ `x§ §Yn§ .'d mW
¨wE o©Pi¦nB§ x© ¥ a§ `x¨w¦ § Ie© d
:zFxFC mi¦tl̈£̀ i¥pW § l¦ .mit¦ l̈£̀ l̈ :eip̈ẗ§l dU ¤ Fr m ¥w z©g`© ,ì¦d mi¦ng£ xd̈ © zC¦ ©n .'d 'd e :'dC©
EN¥̀ mi¦rẄ§R .zFpFc§Gd© EN¥̀ zFpF£r .rW © të
¤ oFr̈ s©` .l ¥̀ :aEWï§e `ḧ¡g¤IW ¤ x©g`© z©g`© e§ ,`ḧ¡g¤IW ¤
`Ÿl dT© ¥ pe§ :qi¦rk§ d© §l dU ¤ Fr mc̈¨`W ¤ ,mic¦x§ Öd© (a ak mildz) x¥n F` Èd o¥
k §
e ,mi¦
n g
£ x© z C¦
© n Ff
l©r xY¥ e©n§ Epi¥̀ W § ,r©nW § n© FhEX¦R i¦t§l .dT© ¤ pi§ oiC©
¦d zC¦ ©n§l x©nFl oi¥̀ e§ ,i¦pŸ§a©f£r dn̈l̈ i¦l ¥̀ i¦l ¥̀
.h©rn§ h©rn§ Ep¤On¦ rx§ ¨t¦p `l̈¥̀ ,ix© ¥nb§ l¦ oFr̈¤d Kx¤ ¤̀ :`z̈§li¦kO§ A© i¦z`v̈n̈ KM̈ i¦pz̈§a©f£r dn̈l̈
d¤T©p§i `l§e mi¦aẌ©l Èd d¤T©pn§ EWx§C̈ Epi¥zFAx§ ¦e `¤OW ¤ ,rxR̈¦
© l x¥dn© n§ Epi¥̀ e§ FR©` Kix£̀ ¦ n© .m¦iR© `©
.mi¦pÄ lr© zFa`¨ oFr£ cwŸ¥ R :mi¦aẄ op̈i¥̀ W § l¦ ,c¤qg¤ mi¦kix§ ¦Sl© .cq¤ g¤ ax©e§ :däEWY§ dU ¤ £r©i
xä§MW ¤ ,m¤dici¦¥ A m¤di¥zFa£̀ dU ¥ £rn© mi¦fg£ F`¤WM§ xk̈Ü m¥NW © §l .zn¡¤ è¤ :KM̈ lM̈ zFI¦kf̈ m¤dl̈ oi¥̀ W §
:(a"ixdn) gzta mitl`l x`y lke unwa yenyd c"nl .mit¦½ l̈£̀ l̈« cqg xvp f :wecwcd wlg
.mdipia cixtdl bdpnd .mEg† x© l¬¥̀ (e) xend ony
340 `yz ik cl zeny ny
b"qx xiqtz
À© `Ë § l`© aEp'c¦ A§ al`
¦ h© nª
Îlr© e§ mi†¦WN¥ WÎl ¦ r© mip¦½ ä
'zl`¦ e'© zË
‹© lè© .oip¦ AË
§ l`© rn© .oix¦c̈ itl ¥ :mir
¥ `© l§ Eaih¥ xihp̈ «¦ A¥ x¦
.'iqEn
© rxq© `© t§ (g :rA` ¦ e©“Ë
§lè©
:CB© q§ e§ 'ux`Ë © l`© 'il© r§ “'k© e§
gl© q̈ .oiaFglE¦ cFxnl¦ e§ .oïër£ l© wia¥ Ẅ
``'© v© g§ YCb' ¦ e§ o`¦ .l`w© (h `l̈ oia§ ¦ iŸ `l̈cl¦ e§ Dizi ¥ xF`¨ l§ oia§ ¦ iŸcl¦
`n© it¦ JxEp © xiq¦ i§ .Ax© `©i Jcp © r¦ lr© e§ oip¦ A§ lr© .od̈ä £̀ iaFg
¥ xrq © n© .iM© ¥ fn§
A`r© v§ mew© mdª 'c`¦ .`©ppi § A© xC̈ lr© e§ i`zi © l¦ Y§ xC̈ lr© ®.oic¦ x¨n̈ oip¦ a§ i¥pA§
`©pAEp'
§ c§ xt'b ¦ `¦ t§ .A`w© xl § `©
.l`w© (i :`©pt© hv cŸT¦
¬ Ie© d®¤WŸn x†¥dn§
§ `¦ e§ `©p`©i`h' © k§ e§ © i © g :i`r̈ia¦ x§
¦ e§ :EgŸ « W¦
§ Ie© dv̈x†© §`
`'c©g§ e§ .`Cd © r© Cd` ¦ r© `©p`§ d©
.YÀEBr © `© r©pv`© Jne
®.dWŸ
¤ n igF`
© w© rin¦ B§
rin¦ B§ it¦ .`d© l'z§ n¦ wl'k©
¤ ŸI¿ © h :ci¥bqE `r̈x`© lr© rxkE
xn`
ª i ml© `n©
©
ÆLipi¤̧ r¥ A§ o³¥g iz` ¦ v̈¸ n̈ Á`p̈Îm`¦
Æsx¤ŸŗÎdW § r© i³¦M Ep®¥Ax§ w¦ A§ i†p̈Ÿc £̀ `¬p̈ÎKl«¤ i¥ ip̈½ Ÿc £̀
¥ wÎm
.xn© £̀ e© :EpŸ
« l§ g© pE
§ Ep†¥z`Ḧg© lE § Ep¬¥pŸer«
£ l© ²Ÿg§ l«
© q̈e§ Èd½
ix¥ £̀ .`p̈©piA¥ ïiC© `z̈p§ ik¦ W§ or© M§ jd̈Y§ .ï§i jn̈c̈w¢ oin£
¦ gx© zig¦ MW
© `© or© M§ m`¦
(iyiy) :`p̈©Pp¦ qg
§ z© e§ `p̈`© ḧgl¦ e§ `p̈aFg
© l§ ®.wFAWz¦ e§ .Èd lc̈w§ iW
¥ w§ mr©
ÆLO§ rÎl
© M̈ c¤b³¤p zi¼ x¦ A§ zx´¥ŸM »ik¦ Ÿp« `¨ d´¥Pd¦ xn`
¤ ŸIÀ © i
ux†¨ ¦ Ÿl x²¤W£̀ zŸ`½ l̈t§ p¦ d´¤Ur«
¤ `d̈Îlk̈a§ E`¬ x§ a§ pÎ` ¡ ¤̀
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
s ¤r dW ¥ w§ m©r m¦è§ ,oFr̈ `¥UFp dŸ©`W ¤ x©g`© n¥ :i¨`§pFU§l (c k zeny) x¥g`© `x§ ¨wn¦ A§ Wx¥ ¤R
L§lk¤ £̀ o¤R z`f l©r Ÿx© §n`¨ e§ ,KÄ Ex§n©ie§ Èd däFh dC̈¦n z`¥vn§ ¦p ,i¦ri¦ax§ xFC .mir¦ A¥ x¦ lr© e§
mFw§nA¦ i¦M W¥ie§ .Epi¥pF£rl© g©lq§ Y¦ dŸ©` ,Kx¤C̈©A ,zF`¥n W¥ng£ ©l z©g`© zEpr̈x§Rª zC¦ ©n l©r dÄx§ ªn
Ff ,zc¤ ¤giªn§ dl̈£g©pl§ Kl̈ Ep¥pY§ z¦ §e .EpŸl§ g§
© pE :m¦` :mi¦tl̈£̀l̈ c¤qg¤ x¥vFp x¥nF` Èd däFh dC̈¦nA§ W ¤
dx¤W § Y© `N¤W ,L§O©re§ i¦p£̀ Epi¦lt§ ¦pe§ z©WT̈©A ì¦d dp̈i¦kW § d ¤ n d¨`x¨W ¤ M§ .dWŸ¤ n xd¥ n© i§ © g
:z`f l©r .zix¦A§ zxŸ¥M i :zFOª̀d̈ l©r Kz̈p̈i¦kW § :Eg©YW § ¦Ie© cÏ¦n ,d¨ìx§
¦Td© lFw r©nẄ§e zx¤ ¤aFr
Ei§dY¦ W¤ Epi¦lt§ ¦p§e oFW§l .zeŸ`l̈t¦ § p dU ¤ Fn§M .EpA¥ x§w¦ A§ 'd `p̈ Kl¥
¤ r¡ ¤̀ ,Ÿ§gh© a§ d¦ W ¤ih
ziy`xa zyxt o`bizd zxeqna oiir .o"epa dnirpd .»ikŸ¦ p`¨ dpd xnìe i :wecwcd wlg
:zn ikp` dpd weqt igie zyxta oke ikp` mexr ik weqt
`ny `yz ik cl zeny 341
b"qx xiqtz
Îlk̈ d´¨`xë§ m®¦iFBdÎl © k̈aE§ .mn© ª̀ lË`© oiA© `n© itE ¦ ml` © rË © l`©
FA¹ x§ w¦ a§ dŸ¸ `Îx
© W£̀
¤ mr̈d¨Â i'c¦ N§ `© .mewË © l`© rin¦ B§ x'vp© ª ie§
dNl© `© rpv© .mdª pi § A© `n© it¦ Yp`©
´¨ M¦ ÆdëŸdi§ d³¥Ur«
`xFpÎi £ nÎz
© ¤̀ dŸrp` § v© `©p`§ i'c¦ N§ `© .si'k¦ n§ dŸP`©
`©p`§ `n© 'utg © `¦ t§ (ì :Jr© n§
:K«Ör¦ d¬¤UŸr i†¦p£̀ x¬¤W£̀ Èd½ Cx` ¦ h© `©p`§ d© .me©ilË`© dŸA Jx©n§ `©
jÖr© lM̈ mc̈w¢ .mïw§ x©fB̈ `p̈ £̀ `d̈ .xn© £̀ e© oii¦xEn
¦ `Ë § l`© .JiC©i§ oiA© on¦
oii¦Y¦ gË¦ lè© .oii¦p`
¦ rp© MË ¦ lè©
lk̈A§ Eìx¦Az § `¦ `l̈C§ .oẄix¦R§ cia¥ r£ `©
:oii¦qEA
¦ iË §lè© oii¦e¦gË
¦ lè© .oii¦f¦ x¦tË
§ lè©
.Ò̈r© lk̈ i¥fg¦ie§ .Ì̈n© n§ r© lk̈aE `r̈x`© `Cd © r© Cd»¦ r© Y§ o`© x'cg © `¦ (ai
lig¦ C§ ix¥ £̀ ïiC© `c̈äEr zï .oFdi¥piA¥ Y`© C§ Yp`© i'c¦ N§ `© .Cl© AË § l`© ld`© l§
:jÖr¦ cia¥ r̈ `p̈ £̀ C© ®.Èd `wd © e© EpEMi§ `l© M§ .Dil© `¦ xi` ¦ v©
x¬¤W£̀ z²¥̀ L½ lÎx

§ n̈¸ § ì mdgª A`' § c©n§ lA© (bi :J©piA© `n© it¦
.ExQ§ M© t¦ mdª M` § M© C§ e§ .E'vwp § `¦ t§
Wx´¥Ÿb i¯¦pp§ d¦ mF®Id© ĹE©§vn§ i†¦kŸp` «¨
¦ d© e§ ip¦½ r«£ p© M§ d© e§ Æix¦Ÿn`
i½G¦ x¦ R§ d© e§ ÆiY¦ g« ¡ d̈
« Îz ¤̀ Lip¤À R̈n¦
`p̈ £̀ d̈ .oic¥ `n̈Fi jc̈T§ t© n§ `p̈ £̀ C© zï .jl̈ xh© :iqEa
«¦ i§ d© e§ i†¦Eg«
¦ d© e§
:i ¥̀ q̈Eaie¦ i ¥̀ Ëg¦ e§ ®.i ¥̀ G̈xtE
¦ i ¥̀ Ÿg¦ e§ .i ¥̀ p̈r©
£ pkE i ¥̀ xFn¡
¨ ` zï .jn̈c̈w¢ on¦ jix¥z̈n§
ux¤`¨½ d̈ a´¥WFil§ Æzix¦ A§ zŸx³k§ YÎo ¦ R¤ LÀ l§ xn´Ẍ ¤ ¦ ai
WwFn†¥ l§ d¬¤id«§ i¦ ÎoR¤ d̈i®¤lr̈ `Á̈ d†Ÿ`© x¬¤W£̀
lil¥ r̈ Y`© C§ .`r̈x`© aizï § `¦ :L«A
¥ l§ mïw§ x©fbz¦ `n̈lC¦ .jl̈ xn© Yq ¤ x§ w¦ A§
Æmz̈ŸgA§ § fnÎz
¦ ¤̀ i³¦ bi :jp̈iA¥ `l̈wz© l§ id§¥ i `n̈lC¦ ®.Dl© r£
ei†¨
xW£̀¥ Îz ¤̀ e§ oEx®A¥ W © Y§ m†z̈Ÿa«S¥ nÎz © ¤̀ e§ oEv½ ŸYY¦
¥ ¥̀ zï ix¥ £̀ :oEz
®.oExA§ z© Y§ oFdz§ n̈ẅ zïe§ .oErx§z̈Y§ oFdixFbi « Ÿxk§ Y¦
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
dp̈ẗE c©nr̈ i¦WB̈x¦
§Bd© i¦M ,o`M̈ W¥i zFO ª̀ dx¤W § Y¦ `N¤W ,zFO ª̀d̈ lM̈¦n Ff§A mi¦lC̈§anª
¦aFr¤W ol̈i¦` Èd .eix¨W£̀
mic§ ¥ bi :m¤di¥pR§ n¦ WW ¥ .'ebe ixŸ¦n`¡ d̈ z ¤̀ ì :m¤di¥l£r i¦zp̈i¦kW
§
342 `yz ik cl zeny any
b"qx xiqtz
`l© e§ (ci :oErCB § Y© mdi ª x`© e©q§ e§
`Ÿl¬ i²¦M ci :oEvv§ ẅY§ oFdixi
¥W¥ £̀ zïe§
o`© l§ .x'k¦ `© cEArn© l§ CBq
Ede§ .aw` ¦ r© nË
§ l`© dŸnq`¦ dNl
¦ Y©
© `© i³¦M x®¥g`© l´¥̀ l§ d†¤eg £Y
«© W§ z¦
`l© M§ (eh :aw`
.Cl© AË
¦ r© i§ o`© 'il© r§ xCw©
§ l`© ld`© rn© `Cd
¦ i
© r© Cd¦ r© Y§
`†P̈w© l¬¥̀ Fn½ W§ `´P̈w© ÆdëŸdi§
.mdª Y` § CEAr© n© rA© Y§ it¦ oE'bh©it§
zër£ ḧl§ cFBqz¦ `l̈ .ix¥ £̀ :Èd «
.JA© oErCi¦ e§ .`d© l§ oEgA'c© § ie§
Bee©
¦ fYe¦ (fh :dŸgA'c¦ on¦ lM` ª Y© t§ `P̈w© l ¥̀ ®.Din¥ W§ `P̈w© ï§i ix¥ £̀ .Ì̈n© n§ r©
i'bh
¦ Y© t§ .mdª Y`©
.mdª Y`CEAr
§
§ pA§ on¦ Jip¦ A§
n© rA© Y§ it¦ dŸY`©pA§
zix†¦ A§ zŸx¬ k§ YÎo ¦ ¤ eh :Èd
:`'vi © `© Jip¦ A§ i'bh
¦ Y© e§ ix£
´¥g` «© | Eṕf̈e§ ux®¨ ¤ `d̈ a´¥WFil§
`l© `kEAq © n© `cEAr © nE © (fi
xih¦ tË § l`© Bg© e§ (gi :Jl© r©pvY© mdi¤½ d¥ Ÿl`´ l¥ ÆEga«§ f̈e§ mdi ¤À d¥ Ÿl¡
«`
lM`
ª Y© m`©I`© 'drA © q© .dŸvtg ¦ `¦
Ywe© it¦ .JYx © n© `§ `n© M§ `xi© h¦ t§ :Fg« a§ G¦ n¦ †Ÿl§ k«
© `¨ e§ L½ l§ `x´¨ẅe§
oFrh¦ie§ .`r̈x`© aizï
¥ l§ mïw§ x©fbz¦ `n̈lC¦
.oFdzë
§ r£ ḧl§ oEgA§ ci
© e¦ .oFdzë
§ r£ ḧ xz© Ä
Li®p¤ äl§ ei†z̈ŸpA§ n¦ ¬Ÿg§ w« © l̈ § fh :oFdiga ¥ C¦ n¦ lFkiz¥ e§ ®.jl̈ oFxw¦ie§
Lip¤½ ÄÎz ¤̀ ÆEp§fd¦ e§ odi ¤½ d¥ Ÿl¡

´ ` Æix£ ¥g` «© eizÀ̈ Ÿpa§ Eṕf̈e§
xz© Ä .oFdzp̈
§ A§ oFrh¦ie§ .jp̈al¦ oFdzp̈ § A§ n¦ aQ© z¦ e§ :o«di¤ d¥ Ÿl¡
« ` i†¥ x£g` «©
`Ÿl¬ d†k̈Q¥ n© i¬¥dŸl¡ fi :oFdzë§ r£ ḧ xz© Ä ®.jp̈A§ zï oïrh© £ ie§ .oFdzë
§ r£ ḧ
b´©gÎz ¤ gi :jl̈ cia¥ r£ z© `l̈ `k̈Y§ n© C§ ol̈gC© :K«N̈ÎdU ¤ r£ z

«©
ÆzFSn© l³©k`ŸY minï ¹¦ zr©¸ a§ W¦ x¼ ŸnW§ Y¦ zFS » O© d©
Wc¤ŸǵA§ iM¦µ ai®¦a`« ¨ d̈ Wc¤Ÿǵ crFn †¥ l§ Lzi ¦½ E¦v¦ x´¤W£̀
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
Li¤lr̈ d¤l£rn© i¦p£̀©e ,Fzl̈i¦k£̀ A© W¤pFr oi¥̀ W © dl§ `¥Pw© n§ .FnW§ `P̈w© ci :FzF`
§ dŸ©` Epi¥̀ e§ rxR̈¦
À̈ dŸ©` KM̈ KFY¦OW ¤ ,mz̈c̈Fa£rA© dcFn§ ¤ M FpFg§v¦pa§ f¥gF` ,d¨`§pw¦ oFW§l lM̈ Ed¤fe§ ,xY¥ e©n§
.aia¦ `¨ d̈ WcŸ¤g gi :Li¤pä§l eiz̈Fp§An¦ g© w¥ Fl§e xEaq̈§M .Fga§ G¦ n¦ Ÿl§ k© `¨ e§ eh :eiä§fFr¥n ©rxFtE
¥
bny `yz ik cl zeny 343
b"qx xiqtz
:m¦ix«¨v§ O¦ n¦ z̈`†v̈ï aia½¦ `«
¨ d̈ dit¦ YBx'© k§ j©P`© l§ .jix¦ tË § l`© xdy©
.oinFi
¦ `r̈aW¦ .xH© z¦ Ì̈xi© H¦ t© C§ `B̈g© zï Edt§ ohA© l‹©ee`© lMª e§ (hi :xvn¦ on¦
`g̈x©i onf © l¦ .jŸciT¥ t© C§ `xi¨ H¦ R© lFkiY¥ on¦ .JY© i§y` ¦ n© dŸY“§M' © c§ `nE © .il¦
`Ÿwt© p§ ®.à̈ia¦ £̀ C© `g̈x©iA§ ix¥ £̀ .à̈ia¦ £̀ C© :m©p'bË§ lè© xw© AË § l`© li`
¦ e©`§
dCt © `¦ xin¦ gË § l`© xMAE ¦ (k
i®¦l mg†¤¤ x xh¬¤ ¤ RÎl ¨ hi :m¦ixv¨ O¦ n¦ .dŸtw`¦ t§ dCt © Y© ml© o`¦ e§ .d`y© A§
xFW ¬ xh†¤¤ R xk̈½ G̈Y¦ ÆLp§ w§ nÎl

¦ k̈e§ `l© e§ .mdi
:`'©bxt©
ª Ct¦ Y© Jip¦ A§ xEMA§ rin¦ B§ e§
iC©i§ oiA© Ex'vg©
§ i
¦ C¦ `C̈l©e gz© R̈ lM̈ :d«Uë

lk̈e§ .Èd ili ¤ itE
¦ .mC'k ª Y© m`©I`© 'dY© q¦ (`k
'iY© g© .YAq ¦ `¦ rA` ¦ QË© l`© me©ilË`©
:xO© `¦ e§ xFY xFkA§ ®.Wicw
¥ Y© oixk
¦ C¦ jxi¨ r¦ A§ :YAq ¦ Y© C`v© gË § lè© 'YxgË © l`© Ywe©
dU ¤½ a§ d´¤ Ct§ Y¦ ÆxFn£g xh³¤ ¤ tE k
dC½¤t§ Y¦ ÆLip¤̧ Ä xFk³ A§ lŸḾ FY® t§ x©r« Ct§ z¦ `ŸlÎm
£ e© d†¤ ¬ `¦ e§
m`¦ e§ .`xÖ§ `¦ A§ wExtY¦ `x¨n̈gC¦ `xkEaE
¨ :mẅ« ix¥ i†©pẗ E`¬ ẍ«i¥Î`Ÿle§
in© c̈w¢ oFfgY¦
© i `l̈e§ ®.wExtY¦ jp̈aC¦ `xkEA
¨ lŸM .Ditw
¥ z¦ e§ wExtz¦ `l̈
iri
†¦ a¦ X§ d© mF¬IaE© cŸa½ r£ Y«© Æminï
¦ zW³¥
¤ `k :oip¦ ẅix¥
.glt ¦ `ŸW¦ :zŸA« W
© Y¦ oinFi © Wix¬¦ g̈«A¤ zŸA® W§ Y¦
§ Y¦ xi†¦vT̈aE
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
o¤An¦ eïEc§tE (fh gi xacna) xn̈¡`¤PW ¤ ,aEvẅ FpFic¦§R :Dl̈EX¦aA§ zx¤ ¤Ma© n§ d¨ÈaY§ d© W ¤ ,xEM¦Ad© W ¤g
i¦t§l .mẅix¥ i©pẗ E`x¥ï `Ÿle§ :dC§ ¤tY¦ W ¤g Lp§ w§ n¦ lk̈e§ :mc̈¨À̈ .il¦ mg¤ x¤ xh¤ R¤ lM̈ hi
Epi¥̀ e§ ,Èd Fn§v©r i¥pt§ A¦ xäC̈ `x§ ¨wO¦ ©NW
¤ FhEX¦R xFW x¤ht¤A§ xk̈G̈Y¦ xW ¤ £̀ L§pw§ n¦ lk̈§e .'ebe xk̈G̈Y¦
z©I`¦ x§ xFk§A z©ev§ n¦ A§ oi¥̀ W § ,xFk§Ad© l©r aq̈En .xh¤ R¤ :Dn̈§gx© z¤̀ xk̈f̈ xFh§t¦i xW ¤ £̀ ,dU ¤ ë
El£rY© W ¤ k§ E ì¦d zx¤ ¤g`© dxd̈§¨ f`© `l̈¥̀ ,mi¦pR̈ m¦in© x¥hFR (ci fi ilyn) o¥k§e ,dg̈i¦zR§ oFW§l
dë§vn¦ ,mẅix¥ i©pẗ E`x¥ ï `l zF`x¥ ¨l l¤bxl̈
¤
dä¥w§p oFW§l xk̈G̈Y¦ l¤W e"iŸ .oFcn̈ zi¦W`x¥
Wx¨c¦ §n i¦tl§ E ,mi¦pẗ z©I`¦ x§ z©lFr ì¦ad̈§l m¤ki¥l£r
,dëU dẍ¥f§b¦l d¤pt§ nE ª ,Èd xz¥ ï `x§ ¨wn¦ `Ÿi§i ©A© l§e .xFn£g xh¤ tE ¤ k :zc¤ ¤lFI©d l©r aq̈En ,ì¦d
ì¦dW § ix§ ¦ar¦ c¤a¤r§NW ¤ Fzẅp̈§rd© l©r c¤O©l§l dU ¤ oz¥ Fp .dU ¤ a§ dC¤t§ Y¦ :d¨`n¥ h§ dn̈¥dA§ x¨`W §
,xFk§A oFic¦ §tM§ ,oi¦nE oi¦n lM̈¦n mi¦rl̈§q dẄ¦ng£ xŸnª xFn£g x¤ht¤E ,o¥ M c©iA§ oi¦Ngª Èd§e ,o¥ M©l
xiv¦ T̈aE © Wix¦g̈A¤ `k :(` fi sc) oi¦WEC¦w z¤kQ¤ n© A§ ,ui¦tET©A FtxFr § .FYt§ x©r© £ e :mi¦lr̈§A©l dc̈Fa£rA©
W¥i ,xi¦vẅ§e Wixg̈ ¦ xM̈§f¦p dÖl̈ .zŸAW§ Y¦ :FpFnn̈ cq̈§
t i
ª KM̈i¦ tl
§ ,o¥ M oFn§n ci¦qt§ d¦ Èd
ax¤¤r§NW ¤ Wixg̈ ¦ l©r mix§ ¦nF` Epi¥zFAx¥ ¦n mi¦rl̈§q dẌ¦ng£ .dC¤t§ Y¦ Li¤pÄ xFkA§ lM̈
344 `yz ik cl zeny cny
b"qx xiqtz `c̈v̈gaE

¦ `r̈xf¨ A¦ ®.gEp
© Y§ d`¨ r̈ia¦ W§ `n̈FiaE
dŸrpv§ Y© riA` ¦ q© `Ë
§ l`© Bg© e§ (ak
.dhp© gË¦ l`© C`v© g§ xEMA¦ Ywe© .Jl© d´¤Ur£ Y«© ÆzŸra«
ª Ẅ b³©g § ak :gEp
© Y§
:d©pQl§ `© 'd©i`d© p§ it¦ .rnBË
.d©pQl`
§ it¦ x`x©n§ 'z`l'
© l`© Bg© e§
© z§ (bk
Æbg© e§ mi®¦Hg¦ xi´¦vw§ i†¥
xEMA¦ L½ l§
iC©i§ oiA© .Jl`©
:li`¦ xq
© Bx¦ rin¦ B§ x'vg©
§ `¦ d`l© `¦ dNl © `© Cii¦ QË
ª i
© l`©
:d«p̈Ẍd© z†©tEwY§ siq¦½ `« ¨ d̈
oiA© on¦ `n© n§ ª̀ 'uxw ª `© iP¦ `© t§ (ck cv̈£g ixEM
¥ A¦ .jl̈ cia¥ r£ Y© Ì̈rEa
© ẄC§ `B̈g© e§
av'b©
ª i `l© e§ .jn'k © Y© rqe ¦ `© e§ .JiC©i§ :`ŸW© C§ Dw© R§ n¦ A§ ®.`Ẅp̈kC¦ `B̈g© e§ .oiH¦ g¦
i'c©`¦ .J'vx © `© on¦ ì©iy© Cg© `©
dNl© `© iC©i§ oiA© xEv'gË § l`l¦ YCr© v§ d®p̈ẌA© mi†¦nr̈R§ WŸl¬ ¨ bk
:d©pQl`
§ it¦ x`x©n§ 'z`l' © z§ .JA© x©
i²p¥ RÎz
§ ¤̀ L½ xE§ ḱ§fÎlM̈ Æd ¤̀ ẍ«i¥
oFfgY¦
© i .`ŸW
© A§ oipn¦
¦ f zl̈Y§ § i i¬¥dŸl¡` d†ëŸdi§ | oŸc¬ `«
:l«¥̀ xÜ¦ ¨ d̈
WixF`Îi
³¦ ¦ ck :l ¥̀ xU¦ ¨ iC§ `d̈l̈`
¡ ï§i `n̈l§ r̈ oFAx¦ mc̈w¢ ®.jxEk
¨ C§ lM̈
cŸn¬ g©
§ iÎ`Ÿle§ L®¤laª BÎz § ¤̀ i†¦Ya§ g© x§ d¦ e§ Lip¤½ R̈n¦ Æmi¦ FB
dé̈Ÿdi§ Æip¥ RÎz
§ ¤̀ ÆzF`x«¨l¥ LÀ z§ Ÿl« r« £ A© L½ v§ x§ `Îz
© ¤̀ ÆWi`¦
on¦ oin¦ n§ r© jix¥z̈ £̀ ix¥ £̀ :d«p̈ẌA © mi†¦nr̈R§ WŸl¬ Ẅ Lid¤½ Ÿl¡`
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
Wc̈g̈¤d o¦n d¨À̈©d dp̈FW`x¦ dg̈§pn¦ ì¦dW § zi¦ri¦aW § ¦NW¤ xi¦vẅ§e ,zi¦ri¦aX § l© qp̈§k¦Pd© zi¦ri¦aW §
d¨À̈©d x¤ rd̈ z©g§pn¦ i¦M ,WC̈§wO¦ l© mi¦Hg¦ ©NW ¤ oi¦ti¦qFOW ¤ Kc̈§O©l§l ,zi¦ri¦aW § i¥̀ v̈Fn§l `¥vFI©d
on̈§fA¦ .siq¦ `¨ d̈ bg© e§ :ì¦d mixFr§¦ Vd© o¦n g©qR¤A© mi¦nï zW ¤W ¥ ,Frn̈W § n© KM̈§e .W ¤T©d l©r lFg¥n
.z¦iA© ©l dcV̈©
¤ d o¦n Kz̈¨ÈaY§ s¥qF` dŸ©`W ¤ z W¤ W¥ z cFa£
© re
© zA W§ Y¦ i¦ri¦aX § d© mFI©aE ca£rY©
(a ak mixac) Fn§M ,z¦iA © l© dq̈p̈§kd© oFW§l Ff dẗi¦q£̀ Wixg̈¤ ¦ dW ¤ dp̈Ẅ W¥i Kl̈ i¦Yx© §Yd¦ W
¤ mi¦nÏ©d
.dp̈Ẍd© ztEw © Y§ :L¤zi¥A KFY l¤̀ FY§tq© £̀©e xi¦vẅ§e Wixg̈ ¦ x©nFl Kixv̈ ¦ oi¥̀ e§ ,xEq¨` xi¦vT̈©d§e
:d¨À̈©d dp̈Ẍ©d z©Ng¦ z§ A¦ ,dp̈Ẍ©d zx§©fg¤ A§ ì¦dW § (c dk `xwie) xn̈¡`¤p xä§M ix£ ¥dW ¤ ,zi¦ri¦aW § ©NW¤
.LxEk§§ f lM̈ bk :dẗT̈©de§ dÄ¦qn§ oFW§l .ztEw © Y§ Fpi¥̀ W
¤ ,mix§ ¦nF` m¤dn¥ W¥i§e 'ebe rx§¨fz¦ `l LcÜ §
dxFY©
¨ A zF§vn¦ d¥Ax© §d .KÄW ¤ mixk̈§ ¦ Gd© lM̈ ,FA xM̈§f d
ª W
¤ xi¦vẅ§
e Wi xg̈§
¦ e ,zÄ© W A
§ `l̈¥̀ x¥A c§
©n
mi¦nr̈§R Wl̈§W m¤dn¥ W¥ie§ ,El§Rk§ ¦p§e Ex§n`§ ¤p ,zEWx§ xi¦vẅ s©` zEWx§ Wixg̈ ¦ d¤n Kl̈ x©nFl
m¤dÄW ¤ oi¦e`l̈ o©i§pn¦ l©r WFp§rl© e§ ai¤Ig© §l ,r©Ax©§`§e z¤̀ d¤gFC§e dë§vn¦ ÈdW § ,x¤ rd̈ xi¦vw§ `v̈ï
FnEBx© §zM§ .WixF` ¦ ck :m¤dÄW ¤ dU ¥ £r o©i§pn¦ l©r§e dŸ©`W ¤ .miH¦ g¦ xiv¦ w§ ixEM ¥ A¦ ak :zÄ©Xd©
o¥ke§ ,Wx¨ l¥gd̈ (`l a mixac) o¥ke§ ,Kx¥z̈£̀ .ixEM ¥ A¦ :mi¦Hg¦ d© o¦n m¤gN¤ d© i¥YW § FA ì¦an¥
dny `yz ik cl zeny 345
ciO¥ g§
© i `l̈e§ .jn̈EgY§ zï iYt ¥ `© e§ .jn̈c̈w¢ b"qx xiqtz
mc̈w¢ d`f̈g
¨ Y© `¦ l§ .jẅQ§ n¦ A§ .jr̈x`© zï Wp̈¡` 'il© r§ igq ¦ t¦ gA'c© Y© `l© e§ (dk
iB¦ g© mEgW§ ziA¦ Y§ `l© e§ .xin' ¦ k§
:`ŸW © A§ oipn¦
¦ f zl̈Y§ ®.jd̈l̈`
¡ ï§i
li`¦ e©`§ e© (ek :d`C'© bË § l`© 'il© `¦
u†¥ng̈Îlr© ¦ Ÿ dk
h¬©gW§ zÎ` 'il© `¦ `d© A§ iY`
¦ Y© .J'vx © `© xEMA¦
`l© e§ .JA© x© dNl © `© qCw © n© YiA©
xw¤ ŸA½ l© oi´¦lïÎ`Ÿle§ i®¦ga¦§ fÎmC© l`w© t§ (fk :oA© l§ A§ `ng © l© lM`ª Y©
lr© qFMz¦ `l̈ :gq« © R̈d© b¬©g ga©†¤f Jl© aYM ª `¦ .'iqEn
© l§ dNl © `©
o`© l§ .m`l© MË
§ l`© `'c©d©
®.`xt©
¨ vl§ oEzia§
¦ i `l̈e§ .igq
¦ R¦ mC© ri
© n£
¦g `'c©d© Jr© n§ Y»Cd© r© dŸAa§ q© A§
:`g̈qt¦ C§ `B̈g© zqk
© p¦ iAx
¥ Y© :li`¦ xq§ `¦ ip¦ A§ rnE © CdrË
© l`©
L½ zń̈
§ c§ `© ÆixEM ¥ A¦ ziW` ¦À ¥ ek
§ Ÿl Li®¤dŸl¡` dé̈Ÿdi§ zi†¥A ìa¾¦ Ÿ
a¬¥l£gA«© ic†¦ B§ l¬¥Xa© zÎ`
`l̈ ®.jd̈l̈`
¡ ïiC© `ẄCw
§ n© zia¥ l§ .izi ¥ A¦ .Wix¥ :FO
¥ Y© .jr̈x`© ixEM « `¦
dW ¤½ ŸnÎl ¤̀ ÆdëŸdi§ xn` ¤ ŸI³ © fk (iriay) t :al£ © gA© xU
© A§ oElki
§ z¥
i´¦RÎlr© iMº¦ dN®¥̀ ¤ d̈ mix´¦ äC§ dÎz © ¤̀ L† lÎa § z̈M§
:l«¥̀ xÜ¦§ iÎz ¤̀ e§ zix†¦ A§ L² Y§ `¦ iY¦ x¯©M̈ dN¤ ¥̀À d̈ mix´¦ äC§ d©
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
dp̈¥̀ z§ E o¤t¤be§ dxFr§
¨ UE dḦ¦g ux¤̀ ¤ (g g mixac) oFW§l ,ixFn¡ ¦ `d̈ z¤̀ WxFI© ¤ e (al `k xacna)
W©aC§ Èd ,WäcE § o¤nW ¤ zi¥f ux¤̀ ¤ ,oFOx§ ¦e wFgx¨ dŸ©`§e .Ll¤ aª B§ z ¤̀ iY¦ a§ g© x§d¦ e§ :oi¦WEx¥B
xÜä§l dxd̈§ ¨ f`© .ic§¦ B lX ¥ a© z§ `Ÿl :mixn̈ ¦ Y§ i©pẗ§l zF`x¥ ¨l lFkï L§pi¥̀ e§ dxi¦ ¨ gA§ d© zi¥An¦
cg̈¤̀ dxFY© ¨ A aEzM̈ mi¦nr̈§R WlẄ§e ,al̈g̈§A :EN©Nd© mi¦lb̈x§ WlẄ Kl̈ ©ra¥ Fw i¦p£̀ KM̈§l ,ci¦nŸ
:lEX¦A xEQ¦`§l cg̈¤̀§e ,d¨`p̈£dl© cg̈¤̀§e ,dl̈i¦k£̀©l g©qR¤d© z¤̀ h©gW § z¦ `l .'ebe hg© W§ z¦ `Ÿl dk
.U¤ak¤ e§ l¤br¥ s©è§ r©nW § O© A© Kx© c¤l¤e lM̈ .ic§¦ B F` wxFG© ¥ l F` h¥gFX©l dxd̈§ ¨ f`© ,mÏ©w u¥ng̈ o¦ic£
©re©
ziy`xa) zFnFw§n dÖ©kA§ Wxẗ§ ¤ l Kx§ ¨vdªW¤ d©On¦ .FnEBx© §zM§ .oilï ¦ `Ÿle§ :dxEa£ ¨ gd© i¥pA§ n¦ cg̈¤̀§l
mi¦w§pFi lM̈ mz̈§q ic§ ¦BW ¤ Ÿc© ¦B (fi gl dp̈i¦l oi¥̀ e§ ,©gA¥§fO¦ d© W`x§A z¤lr¤ Fn dp̈i¦l oi¥̀
§nl̈ ,mi¦Gr¦ ic§
Fl oi¥̀ W § sFr§l hx§ ¨R .FO`¦ al£ ¥ gA© :r©nW§ O© A© .gq© R̈d© bg© ga¤ © f :x©gX © d© cEO©rA§ `l̈¥̀
`l̈¥̀ dxFY© ¨ d o¦n FxEQ¦` oi¥̀ W § ,m¥̀ a¥lg£ mi¦a l̈£
g x¥h w
§ d¤ lk̈§l c¥n l̈ d Ÿ©` o`M̈¦nE ,eixEni¥̀
¨
.dN¤ ¥̀ d̈ mix¦äC§ d© z ¤̀ fk :mix§ ¦tFq ix§¥aC¦¦n .Lz§ n̈c§ `© ixEM ¥ A¦ ziW` ¦ x¥ ek :mixä¥̀¦ §e
:d¤R l©rA§ W ¤ dxFY
¨ aFY§k¦l i`Ẍx© dŸ©` `l§e L§vx©
§` gäW § A¦ mixEn£̀ ¦ d̈ oi¦pi¦Od© z©ra§ X ¦ n¦
346 `yz ik cl zeny eny
b"qx xiqtz Ì̈nb̈z

© R¦ zï jl̈ aFzM§ .dWŸ ¤ nl§ ï§i xn© £̀ e©
.dNl© `© Cpr¦ m'z© m`w© `§ t© (gk .oiN¥ `¦ d̈ Ì̈nb̈z
© R¦ xni
© n¥ lr© .ix¥ £̀ .oiN¥ `¦ d̈
.dli© l© oir¦ Ax
§ `© e§ `nFi © oir¦ Ax § `©
:l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i mr¦ e§ mïw§ ®.jÖr¦ zix©¦fB§
Axy © i¦ ml© e§ `n` © r© h§ lM`© ª i ml©
.oige© Nl
© `© 'il© r§ dŸl AY© M§ e§ .``© n© dÀëŸdi§ Îmr¦ m´ẄÎid§
¦ i«© gk
xyrË © l`© id¦ e§ .CdrË © l`© m`l© M§
l©fp§ Ò© l© t§ (hk :z`nl © MË¦ l`© mir´¦ Äx§ `© e§ ÆmFi mir¬¦ Äx§ `©
ige
© l© e§ .i©piq¦ lA© B§ on¦ 'iqEn
on¦ dŸlEfp§ it¦ .dŸCi§ it¦ dC` © d© XË
©
§ l`© m¦i†©nE lk©½ `¨ `Ÿl´ mg¤ l¤µ dl̈i§ l©½
dŸP`© .mlr© © i ml© 'iqEn © e§ .lA© BË
dŸnN© M© oig¦ .dŸdBe© xEp uA© Cw©
§ l`©
aŸÝk¦ § Ie© d®z̈Ẅ `Ÿl´
xi`¦ q© e§ .oExd© 'i`© x§t§ (l :dNl © `© ix´¥a§ C¦ z`¥µ zŸgÀ Nª dÎl © r©
Cw© i'c©`¦ t§ .'iqEn© li`¦ xq § `¦ ip¦ A§
:mix«¦ äC§ d© zx†¤¤ Ur£ zix½¦ A§ d©
.lk© £̀ `l̈ `n̈gl© .oël̈il¥ oir¦ Ax
§ `© e§ oin¦ n̈§i oir¦ Ax
§ `© .ï§i mc̈w¢ oÖz© dë£de©
:oinb̈z
¦ R¦ `xU ¨ r¤ ®.`n̈ïw§ inb̈z
¥ R¦ zï .Ì̈gEl © lr© azkE © .iz¦ W§ `l̈ Ì̈nE ©
zŸg³ lª ip¥̧ WE§ ip©½ iq¦ x´©dn¥ ÆdW ¤ Ÿn zc³¤ ¤xA§ id§ À¦ i«© hk
d´¤WŸnE x®d̈d̈Îon¦ FY† c§ x¦ A§ dW ¤½ ŸnÎc©iA§ Æzcªr« ¥ d̈
cM© .dë£de© :FY« `¦ Fx¬ A§ c©A§ ei†p̈R̈ xFr¬ o²© À© Ÿl
xẅ i¬¦M rcïÎ`
Diz£
¥ gin¥ A§ .dWŸ
¤ nC§ `c̈iA¦ `z̈Ec£dq̈ igEl ¥ oixzE ¥ .i©piq¦ C§ `xEH ¨ n¦ dWŸ
¤ n zg© p§
:DiO¥ r¦ DizEl
¥ N̈n© A§ idFR
¦ `© C§ `x¨ẅ§i ei¦f ®.ib¦ q§ ix¥ £̀ .rc§© i `l̈ dWŸ
¤ nE .`xEh
¨ on¦
d¬¥Pd¦ e§ dW ¤½ ŸnÎz ¤̀ Æl ¥̀ xÜ¦ § k̈e§ oŸx£
§ i i³¥pAÎl ¹ d`
«© `x¸§ I© © l
.oŸxd£ `© `f̈£ge© :ei«l̈ ¥̀ zW¬¤¤ Bn¦ E`† xi«
§ I¦ e© ei®p̈R̈ xFŕ o†© xẅ
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
:i¦Rk© i¦ M©U§e (ak bl zeny) xn̈¡`¤PW
¤ ,eip̈R̈ l©r Fcï zFgEl ì¦ad¥ W ¤ M§ .dWŸ¤ n zc¤x¤A§ id§¦ ie© hk
dÖ©M ,d¥̀ xE§ À .eil̈ ¥̀ zW¤ ¤ Bn¦ E`xi¦ § Ie© l oFW§l .ox©ẅ iM¦ :mixER¦
¦ Md© mFi§A zFpFx£g`©
EhW § R̈ `N¤W c©rW ¤ ,dx¥ä£r©NW
¤ D¨ M dl̈Fc§B .ox¤ ¤w oi¦nM§ h¥lFaE wi¦da§ n© xF`d̈W¤ ,m¦i©px©§w
d¥̀ x© §nE (fi ck zeny) x¥nF` Ed©n ,dx¥ä£rA© m¤dic§ ¥i Epi¥zFAx¦ ,cFd©d i¥px©
§w§l d ¤ n dk̈f̈ ok̈i¥dn¥ E
i¥pA§ i¥pi¥rl§ xd̈d̈ W`x§A z¤lk¤ F` W¥̀ M§ 'd cFa§M Èd KExÄ WFcT̈©d o©zP̈¤W ,dxr̈§ ¨ Od© o¦n Ex§n`¨
§ hk :wecwcd wlg
:miqetca d"ke `lfà ipye zaiz .dyn cia zcrd zgl ip¥̧ WE
fny `yz ik cl zeny 347
ei¦f ib¦ q§ `d̈e§ .dWŸ

¤ n zï l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i i¥pA§ lk̈e§ b"qx xiqtz
à̈x¨ẅz`¦ N§ n¦ EligcE¦ ®.idFR
¦ `© C§ `x¨ẅ§i o`© Et`'k© t§ .dŸdBe© xEp uA©
`r© C§ 'iY© g© (`l :Dil© `¦ EnC§ wz© © i
Æmd¤ l£̀
¥ `x³¨w¦
§ I © `l :Dizë¥ l§ oExd© .Dil© `¦ ErB§ x§t§ .'iqEn © mdª A§
oŸx£
¬ d`«© ei²l̈ ¥̀ Ea¯ª WÏ©e dW¤½ Ÿn .dr`
CrAE
© n© BË
©
§ l`© s`xy
(al :'iqEn ©
© `© xi`
mdn
¦ q© e§
ª N© M© t§
x¬¥Ac§©ie© d®c̈r«
¥ Ä mi†¦Ù¦ P§ dÎl
© k̈e§ ip¦ A§ xi` ¦ q©
`n© rin¦ B§ A§ .mdx
mC©w© Y§ Jl`'
¦ c©
ª n© `© t© .li`¦ xq§ `¦
.dWŸ
¤ n oFdl§ `xwE
¨ ¥ d†¤WŸn
:m«d¤ l£̀ :i©piq¦ lA© B§ it¦ `d© A§ dNl © `© dŸnN© M©
on¦ 'iqEn © 'bx¦t§ Ò© l© t§ (bl
Ì̈a© xa
§ x© lk̈e§ oŸxd£ `© .Dizë
¥ l§ Eaz̈e§ dŸdBe© 'il© r§ lr© B§ .mdY ª A© h`'
§ k© n§
:oFdO§ r¦ dWŸ
¤n liN¥ nE
© ®.`ŸWpk
¦ A¦ `'c©`¦ .'iqEn © o`M© e§ (cl :`r© wx § Aª
í¥pAÎl
§ M̈ EW† B§ p¦ o¬¥kÎix£ ¥g` «© § al
FY† `¦ d²ëŸdi§ x¯¤AC¦ xW£̀ ¤̧ ÎlM̈ Áz ¥̀ m¾E¥v© i§ e© l®¥̀ xÜ¦ §i
lM̈ zï .oEPci¦ T¥ tE ¨ i i¥pA§ lM̈ Eax©ẅz`¦ oM¥ xz© äE :i«p̈iq
© .l ¥̀ xU¦ ¦ x¬©dA§
x†¥AC©n¦ dW ¤½ Ÿn l´©k§i © bl xihtn :ip̈iq¦ C§ `xEh ¨ A§ DiO¥ r¦ ®.ï§i liN¥ n© C§
`l̈N̈n© N§ n¦ .dWŸ ¤ n ivi

¦ W ¥ e§ :d«e¤q § n© ei†p̈R̈Îlr© o¬¥Y¦Ie© m®Ÿ`¦
i³¥pt§ l¦ dW ¤¹ Ÿn `Ÿa̧aE § cl :iR¥ `© ziA¥ idFR ¦ `© lr© adi © e¦ ®.oFdO§ r¦
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û

,mẅx¦ §R d ¤ n m¤dl̈ dp̈Ẅ ,eip̈Ä Eq§pk§ ¦p ,d ¤ n EUr̈¤Xn¦ E ;mi¦r§f§rC§©fn¦ `l§e mi¦`x§¥i `l§e ,l¥̀ xÜ § ¦i
xn̈z̈i¦è§ d¤ n oi¦ni¦l xf̈r̈§l ¤̀ a©Wï ,m¥d Ew§NY© q§ ¦p Eid̈ d ¤ nÎ§NW ¤ FcFd i¥px© §Tn¦ s©` ,l¤br¥ d̈ z¤̀
d ¤ n m¤dl̈ dp̈Ẅ ,mi¦pw¥§f Eq§pk§ ¦p ,ox£d`© l`nU § l¦ .dc̈r¥ Ä mi`¦ U§
¦ Pd© `l :mi¦r§f§rC§ ©fn¦ E mi¦ri¦Yx©§n
lM̈ Eq§pk§ ¦p ,oic¦c̈§Sl© EaW § ï mi¦pw¥§f Ew§NY© q§ ¦p ,mẅx¦
§R .mdi
¤ l£̀
¥ dWŸ ¤ n xA¥ c§©ie© :dc̈¥rd̈ i¥̀ i¦U§p Fn§M
lM̈ c©iA§ `v̈§n¦p ,mẅx¦ §R d ¤ n m¤dl̈ dp̈Ẅ mr̈d̈ oï§pr¦ d̈ lM̈ Èd d¤ed oFy§lE ,mFwÖ©NW ¤ FzEgi¦lW §
x£d`© i¥pA§ c©iA§ ,m¦i©pW § mi¦pw¥§Gd© c©iA§ ,cg̈¤̀ mr̈d̈ c¤O¦NW ¤ x©g`© .EW§Bp¦ ok¥ ix£ ¥g`© e§ al :d¤Gd©
`©zi¦`c¦ §M 'eke dr̈Äx© §` ox£d`© c©iA§ ,d ¨ l§W dk̈l̈£dd© F` dẄxR̈© ¨ d c¥O©ln§ E x©fg̈ ,mi¦pw¥§Gl©
.d¤eq§ n© eip̈R̈ lr© oY¦ ¥ Ie© bl :(a cp) oi¦aExi¥rA§ d ¤ n ,dp̈§WO¦ d© xc¥ ¤q c©vi¥M o©pÄx© Fp§Y .l¥̀ xÜ
§ ¦i§l
cEn§lY© A© Èd i¦nx£̀ ¨ oFW§l ,i¥R`© zi¥A FnEBx© §zM§ Fl dp̈Ẅ ,ox£d`© qp̈§k¦p ,dxEa§
¨ Bd© i¦Rn¦ c¥nFl dïd̈
d¤eq§ n© `©w dë£d (` q) zFAz§ ªkA¦ cFr§e À̈¦l i¦eq§ l`nU § l¦ Fl a©Wï§e ox£d`© w¤NY© q§ ¦p ,Fwx¦§R d ¤ n
¤½ n lkie bl :wecwcd wlg
:dxez xe` k"ke swfa dyn zaiz .dWŸ
348 `yz ik cl zeny gny
b"qx xiqtz
.dŸAh`'§ k© i§l¦ dNl
© `© iC©i§ oiA© lM© C§
xi¬¦qï FY½ `¦ x´¥Ac©l§ ÆdëŸdi§
m'zª .dŸBEx'k§ 'il© `¦ rwx ª AËª l`© r©fpi¦ Fz`¥® vÎcr© d†¤eq§ O© dÎz
© ¤̀
.li`¦ xq§ `¦ ip¦ A§ mN¦ Mi © e¦ Bx'k©ª i
'iY© g© (dl :dŸA xnEi © `n© rin¦ B§ A§ í¥pAÎl
§ ¤̀ ÆxA¤ c¦ e§ `v̈À ïe§
.'iqEn
© dBe© li`¦ xq § `¦ ip¦ A§ x'vp©
ª i
Cx¦i§ m'zª .dŸdBe© xEp uA© Cw© o`© ck© e§ :d«E¤v§
ª i x¬¤W£̀ z†¥̀ l ¥̀½ xÜ¦ §i
Ywe© 'il© `¦ .dŸdBe© 'il© r§ rwx ª AË
ª l`© .DiO¥ r¦ `l̈N̈n© l§ ï§i mc̈wl¦ .dWŸ ¤ n lil¥ r̈
:dŸAh`'§ k© i§l¦ dŸlE'k'c§
.witp̈
¥ e§ .Diw¥ R§ n¦ cr© iR¥ `© ziA¥ zï iCr¥ n©
:cT© Rz
© n¦ C§ zï ®.l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i i¥pA§ mr¦ liN¥ nnE
©
xFr† ox½©ẅ i´¦M dW ¤½ Ÿn í¥pR§ Îz ¤̀ Æl ¥̀ xÜ¦ § iÎi¥pa§ E ³̀ x¨ § dl
eip̈½ R̈Îlr© Æde¤q§ O© dÎz © ¤̀ d³¤WŸn aiW¦¸ d¥ e§ d®¤WŸn í¥pR§
ix¥ £̀ .dWŸ
¤ n iR¥ `© zï l ¥̀ xU¦ « `¦ x¬¥Ac©l§ F`† ŸAÎcr©
¨ i i¥pA§ o©fg̈e§ :FY
cr© ®.idFR
¦ `© lr© iR¥ `© ziA¥ zï dWŸ
¤ n aiznE
¦ .dWŸ
¤ n iR¥ `© C§ `x¨ẅ§i ei¦f .ib¦ q§
qqq :DiO¥ r¦ `l̈N̈n© l§ lil¥ r̈C§
l`ppg oniq mi¦wEQi¦t hÀ
À lwÀ
@
Û--------- i"yx ---------Û
i¥px©
§w E`x§ë .l ¥̀ xÜ¦
§ i i¥pA§ l ¤̀ xA¤ c¦ e§ cl :d¤eq§ n© s©` ,DÄ l¥MY© q§ n¦ dïd̈ ,dḧÄ©d oFW§l ,D¥R`© §l
:m¤dn¥ w¥NY© q§ n¦ ÈdW § k¦ §e .eip̈ẗ§A cFd©d zi¥aE sEvx© §Rd© c¤b¤pM§ oŸ¦Pd© c¤bA¤ d¤eq§ n© o`M̈
cr© eip̈R̈ lr© d¤eq§ O© d© z ¤̀ dWŸ ¤ n aiW¦ d¥ e§ dl M©d EpFG¦i `N¤W cFd©d i¥px© §w cFa§kl¦ e§ ,m¦i©pi¥rd̈
Fl§hFp FY¦` x¤Ac§ ©l À̈W ¤ k§ E .FY`¦ xA¥ c©l§ F`ŸA dr̈Ẅ§A Fl§hFp§e oC̈§b¤pM§ d¤eq§ O© d© oz¥ Fp dïd̈ m¤dn¥
:eip̈R̈ l©rn¥ mFwÖ©dW
¤ dr̈Ẅ§aE ,l¥̀ xÜ § ¦i m¦r x¥Ac§ ©n dïd̈W ¤
`yz ik zyxt zlqg `l§A `v̈ï Fz`¥va§ E ,Fz`¥v c©r FO¦r xÄc¦ §p
dxhtdd mcewy dpey`x dkxa

dv̈xë§ .miaFh
¦ miì ¦ a¦ p§ A¦ ,xg© Ä xW£̀
¤ .ml̈Frd̈ Kl¤ n¤ EpidŸl¡ ¥ ` æëŸdi§ dŸ`© KExÄ
,dxFY
¨ A© xgFA ¥ d© .æëŸdi§ dŸ`© KExÄ .zn¡ ¤ À¤ mix¦ n̈¡`P¤ d© ,mdi
¤ x¥a§ c¦ a§
¨ :wc¤
(on¥ `) ¤Sd© e§ zn¡ ¤ `d̈ ,i ¥̀ ia¦ p§ aE
¦ .FOr© l ¥̀ xÜ¦
§ iaE
§ ,FCa§ r© dWŸ
¤ nA§
hny `yz ikc dxhtd 349
`yz ikc dxhtd

g"i oniq '` miklna
d¬p̈ẌA© Ed½Ïl´¥̀¦ Îl ¤̀ Ædïd̈ dÀëŸdi§ Îxa© cE§ miA½¦ x© mi´¦nï Æid§ ¦ i«e© `
© ¤̀ d´¥̀ x«¨d¥ Kl¥µ xŸn® `l¥ zi†¦Wil¦ X§ d©
d¬p̈Y§ ¤̀ e§ a`¨½ g§ `Îl
on¦ ,dÈa
¨ p§ mb̈ztE ¦ .oiì
¦ B¦ q© oinFi © l¦ ,dë£de© :d«n̈c̈£̀ d̈
¦ onf « i¬p¥ RÎl
§ r© x†ḧn̈
i¦fgY© `¦ ,li¥fi`¦ .xni
© n¥ l§ ,`z̈izi
¥ l¦ Y§ `ŸW
© A§ .dÏl¦ ¥̀ mr¦ ,dë£d .ï§i mc̈w¢
zF`† x«¨d¥ l§ Ed½Ïl´¥̀
¦ ÆKl¥̧ ¤ I© a :`r̈x`© iR¥ `© lr© ,`xh ¨ n¦ oiY¥ ¤̀ e§ ®.a`g
¨ `© l§
¨ Y© `¦ l§ .dÏl¦ ¥̀ ,l©f £̀ e© :oFx« n§ ŸW
,d`f̈g « A§ w†f̈g̈ ar¬¨x«¨d̈e§ a®¨`g§ `Îl © ¤̀
Ed†ïc§ a© Ÿr« Îl ¤̀ a`¨½ g§ `© `x´¨w¦§ I © b :oFxnFW
§ A§ siw¥ Y§ ,`p̈tk© e§ ®.a`g ¨ `© l§
¨ :cŸ`« n§ d†ëŸdi§ Îz ¤̀ `²¥
`xwE xï d¬ïd̈ EdÀ̈ic§ a© Ÿr« e§ z¦i®ÄdÎl
© r© x´¤W£̀
mc̈w¢ on¦ ®.oi`h
¦ g¦ lig¥ C̈ dë£d .dïcaFr
© e§ .`z̈iA¥ lr© `¤Pnn
ª C¦ ,dïcaFr
© l§ .a`g
¨ `©
gT¦
©¸ Ie© d®ëŸdi§ i´¥̀ ia¦ p§ z†¥̀ la½ ¤ f¤ i`¦ zix´¦ k§ d© A§ Æid§ ¦ i«© c :`C̈gl© ,ï§i
dx½¨r̈O§ A© ÆWi`¦ mi¬¦Xn£ ¦ g m º¥̀ iA¦ g© À¦ a¦ p§ d´¨`n¥ Ed¹ïc§ a© Ÿr«
§ Ie«© miì
xacE © H¥ w© cM© ,dë£de© :m¦in̈
© .ïiC© Ì̈©Ia¦ p§ ,zï .la«¤ f¤ i`¦ zli « ë mg¬¤¤ l m†l̈M§ l§ k¦ e§
,oEPx¦aFq
© e§ ®.`z̈x§r̈nA¦ ,`xaª
¨ B oiWn
¦ g© .oEPx¦nh
© `© e§ .oi¦Ia¦ p§ d`¨ n§ ,dïcaFr
©
Æux¤`¨¸ Ä K³¥l Ed½ïc§ a© Ÿr´ Îl ¤̀ Æa`¨ g§ `© xn`³
¤ ŸI © d :Ì̈naE© `n̈gl© A§
`´v̈n§ p¦ | i´©lE` mi®¦lg̈P§ dÎl© M̈ l†¤̀ e§ m¦iO©½ d© i´¥pi§ r§ nÎl© M̈Îl ¤̀
(dndaÎon 'k) zix†¦ k© § p `F¬le§ cx¤të ¤½ qEq́ ÆdI¤g© pE § xiv¦À g̈
irEA
¥ n© lM̈ lr© ,`r̈x`© A§ jiN¥ d© .dïcaFr © l§ ,a`g¨ `© xn© £̀ e© :d«n̈d
¥ A§ d«
© n¥
`l̈e§ ®.oëp̈cFk
§ e§ oëq̈Eq ,mi¥IwpE
© .À̈qr¦ gMW©
© p ,m`¦ n̈ .Ì̈lg©
© p lM̈ ,lr© e§ .Ì̈n©
D®ÄÎxär«£ l© ux†¨ ¤ `d̈Îz ¤̀ m²¤dl̈ Ew¬ N§ g§ © i © e :`xi¨ r¦ A§ n¦ ,wEqtp¦
c†g̈ ¤̀ ÎKx¤c«¤A§ K¬©ld̈ Ed²ïc§ a© Ÿr« e§ FC½ a© l§ Æcg̈ ¤̀ Kx³¤
¤cA§ Kl©¸ d̈ a`º̈ g§ `©
`g̈xFÀ§ jiN¥ d© .a`g ¨ `© .DA© xAr © n¦ l§ ,`r̈x`© zï .oFdl§ EbiN¦ tE © :FC« a
© l§
:idFcFgl
¦ A¦ ,`c̈£g `g̈xFÀ§ jiN¥ d© ®.dïcaFr
© e§ .idFcFgl
¦ A¦ ,`c̈£g
§ Ie«© c :lecb c"ka mb 'wfg' zaiza `gthd .w†f̈g̈ ar¬¨x«¨d̈e§ a :wecwcd wlg
:irb e"ied .m º¥̀ iA¦ g©
350 `yz ikc dxhtd py
ÆEdx¸¥M© ® x¨w§ l¦ Ed†Ïl«¦ ¥̀ d¬¥Pd¦ e§ Kx¤C½¤A© ÆEd¸ïc§ a© Ÿr« i³¦d§i © f

¦ Ie© Fz`
© dë£de© :Ed«Ïl«
,dïcaFr ¦ ¥̀ i¬¦pŸc £̀ d†¤f d¬Ÿ`« ¤ ŸI©e eip̈½ R̈Îlr© lŸR´ I¦ e©
© d© xn`¾
.idFR
¦ `© lr© ltpE
© ,Dir¥ cFn
§ YW
§ `¦ e§ .DizEn
¥ C̈w© l§ ,dÏl¦ ¥̀ `d̈e§ .`g̈xFÀ§ li¥f`¨
xŸn¬ `
¡ K²¥l ip®¨ ¤ ŸI © g
¦ ` Fl† xn`¬ :dÏl¦ ¥̀ ipFA
¦ x¦ ,oiC¥ Y`© d© ®.xn© £̀ e©
`d̈ ,jp̈FAx¦l§ xni
© ¥̀ ®.li¥fi`¦ .`p̈£̀ ,Dil¥ xn© £̀ e© :Ed«Ïl«¦ ¥̀ d¬¥Pd¦ Li†p¤ Ÿc`«l©
L² C§ a§ rÎz
© ¤̀ o¯¥zŸp dYº̈ `Îi © M¦ iz`®ḧ¦ g̈ d´¤n xn`† ¤ ŸI © h :dÏl¦ ¥̀
®.jC̈ar© zï xq© n̈ .Y`© ix¥ £̀ .zia¦ g© `n̈ ,xn© £̀ e© :ip¦ zi
«¥ n£¦ dl«© a†¨`g§ `Îc©
© iA§
iF³BÎW¤iÎm`¦ LidŸl¡ ¤À ` dé̈Ÿdi§ | i´© i :il¦ hw § n¦ l§ ,a`g¨ `© C§ `c̈iA¦
o¦i®¨` Ex†n«
§ `¨ e§ L½ W§ T¤ a© l§ ÆmẄ i¬¦pŸc £̀ gl©¸ ẄÎ`Ÿl xW£Â ¤ ` Ædk̈l̈n§ nE©
mÏw© :dM̈«¤̀ v̈n¦ § i `¬Ÿl i†¦M iFB½ dÎz
© ¤̀ e§ Ædk̈l̈n§ O© d© Îz ¤̀ ri³¦ © AW§ d¦ e§
.jr̈an¦ l§ ,oÖz© l§ ipFA
¦ x¦ gl© W§ `l̈C§ .EklnE© mr© zi`¦ m`¦ .jd̈l̈` ¡ ï§i ,Èd
:jl̈ gMW
© n© `l̈ ,ix¥ £̀ ®.Ò̈r© zïe§ ,`z̈Ekln© zï inFnE
¥ .`k̈ dë£d `l̈ ,Exn© £̀ e©
,orkE
© :Ed«Ïl«¦ ¥̀ d¬¥Pd¦ Li†p¤ Ÿc`«l© xŸn¬ ` ¡ K²¥l x®¥nŸ` dÝ̈`© d†Ÿr© § ì
K´¥l ¥̀ | i´¦p£̀ dº̈id̈ § ai :dÏl¦ ¥̀ `d̈ ,jp̈FAx¦l§ xni © ¥̀ ®.li¥fi`¦ .xn© `¨ Y`©
iz` ¦ ä¸ E rc̈½ ¥̀ Î`Ÿl x´¤W£̀ lr©µ ÆL £̀ V̈ « i¦ | d³ëŸdi§ gE © x̧e§ KYÀ̈ `«
¦ n¥
`¬¥ xï L² C§ a§ r© e§ i¦p®b̈x£¨de«© L£̀† «v̈n¦§ i `¬Ÿle§ a²¨`g§ `© l§ ci¯¦Bd© l§
¥ e¦ :ix«¨rª P§ n¦ d†ëŸdi§ Îz ¤̀
ï§i mc̈w¢ on¦ `g̈Exe§ .jz̈ëN§ n¦ li¥f`¨ ,`p̈£̀ C© cr© .idi
,jP̈g¦ MW©
§ i `l̈e§ .a`g
¨ `© l§ dÈ̈
¨ g© l§ ,jd̈ £̀ e© .rC© ¤̀ `l̈C§ xz© £̀ l© ,jP̈l¦ H¦
§i
c³©BdÎ`Ÿl£
ª bi :ixEr
¨ G§ n¦ ,ï§i mc̈w¢ on¦ oi`h ¦ g¦ lig¥ C̈ ®.jC̈ar© e§ .ip«¦ P© l¦ hw¦
§ ie§
d®ëŸdi§ i´¥̀ ia¦ p§ z†¥̀ la½ ¤ f¤ i`¦ bŸx´ d£ A«© izi¦ U¦½ r̈ÎxW£̀
¤ z´¥̀ ÆipŸ¦ c`«l©
ÆWi`¦ mi¬¦Xn£ ¦ g miX¦¸ n£ ¦ g Wi`À¦ d`´¥ ¨ n d¹ëŸdi§ iì¥̧ a¦ P§ n¦ ÁÀ¦ g§ `« © ë
zï ,ipFA
¦ x¦l§ `©Egz © `¦ `l̈£d :m¦in̈ « ë mg¬¤ ¤ l m†¥lM§ l§ k£̀
© ë« d ½ẍr̈O§ A©
d`¨ n§ ,ïiC© Ì̈©Ia¦ P§ n¦ zix¦nh
© `© e§ .ïiC© Ì̈©Ia¦ p§ ,zï .la«¤ f¤ i`¦ zli
© H¥ w© cM© .zic¦ a© r£ C©
:Ì̈naE
© `n̈gl© A§ ,oEPYx ¦ aFq
© e§ ®.`z̈x§r̈nA¦ ,`xaª ¨ B oiWn ¦ g© oiWn ¦ g© .`xaª ¨ B
`py `yz ikc dxhtd 351
Ed®Ïl«¦ ¥̀ d´¥Pd¦ Li†p¤ Ÿc`«l© xŸn¬ ` ¡ K²¥l xnŸ ¥½ ` dÝ̈`© ÆdŸr© § ci

:ip«¦ P© l¦ hw¦
§ ie§ ®.dÏl¦ ¥̀ `d̈ ,jp̈FAx¦l§ xni © ¥̀ .li¥fi`¦ .xn© `¨ Y`© ,orkE © :ip«¦ b̈x£¨de«©
i¬¦M ei®p̈ẗl§ iY¦ c†© § nr̈ x¬¤W£̀ zF`½ äv§ dé̈Ÿdi§ ig©µ Ed½Ïl«¦ ¥̀ Æxn`¸ ¤ ŸI © eh
,`p̈WiO¥ Wn © C¦ .zFà̈v§ ï§i ,Èd mÏw© .dÏl¦ ¥̀ xn© £̀ e© :ei«l̈ ¥̀ d¬¤̀ x«¨ ¥̀ mF†Id ©
z`¬© xw§ l¦ Ed²ïc§ a© Ÿr« K¤l¯¥I © fh :Dil¥ i¥fgY© ¤̀ ,oic¥ `n̈Fi ix¥ £̀ ®.idFn ¦ c̈w¢
.dïcaFr © l©f £̀ e© :Ed«Ïl« ¦ ¥̀ z`¬© xw§ l¦ a†¨`g§ `© K¤l¬¥Ie© FlÎc¤ ® B«I©e© a†¨`g§ `©
i²¦d§i«© fi :dÏl¦ ¥̀ zEnC̈w© l§ ,a`g ¨ `© l©f £̀ e© ®.Dil¥ iE¦g© e§ ,a`g¨ `© zEnC̈w© l§
d†¤f d¬Ÿ`« © d© eil̈½ ¥̀ Æa`¨ g§ `© xn`³¤ ŸIe© Ed®Ïl«¦ ¥̀ Îz ¤̀ a†¨`g§ `© zF`¬ x§M¦
®.Dil¥ ,a`g ¨ `© xn© £̀ e© .dÏl¦ ¥̀ zï ,a`g¨ `© `f̈£g cM© .dë£de© :l«¥̀ xÜ¦ § i x¬¥kŸr
l ¥̀½ xÜ¦ § iÎz ¤̀ ÆiY¦ x§k©¸ r̈ `Ÿl³ xn`À ¤ ŸI© gi :l ¥̀ xU¦ ¨ iC§ Dix¥k§ r̈ ,oiC¥ Y`© d©
Kl†¥ ¤ Y©e d½ëŸdi§ z´Ÿev§ nÎz ¦ ¤̀ Æmk¤ af̈ § r«£ A© Li®¦a`¨ zi´¥aE d†Ÿ`Îm © `¦ i¬¦M
ziaE ¥ ,Y`© oid¥ l̈` ¨ i zï ,zix¦k© r£ `l̈ .xn© £̀ e© :mil
¡ .l ¥̀ xU¦ «¦ r̈A§ d© i¬¥ x£g` «©
dYÀ̈ r© § hi :Ì̈l© r̈A§ xz© Ä ,oEYl©f £̀ e© ®.ïiC© Ì̈cFT © R¦ zï ,oEYwaW © c¦ A§ .jEa £̀
Îz ¤̀ e§ l®¤nx§M© d© x´©dÎl ¤̀ l†¥̀ xÜ¦ § iÎlM̈Îz ¤̀ i²©l ¥̀ u¬Ÿaw§ gl©¸ W§
Ædx¨W£̀ ¥ d̈ « i³¥̀ ia¦ pE § miXÀ¦ n£ ¦ ge«© zF`´ nÎr ¥ A© x§`© lr© A©¹ d© iì ¥̧ a¦ p§
zï .izë ¦ l§ WFpM§ gl© W§ .orkE © :la«¤ f̈i`¦ o¬©gl§ Wª i†¥lk§ Ÿ`« zF`½ n¥ r´©Ax§`©
i¥IapE
¦ .oiWn
¦ g© e§ d`¨ n§ rAx
© `© ,`l̈rA© i¥Ia¦ p§ zïe§ .`l̈nx
§ M© xEhl§ ,l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i lM̈
a†¨`g§ `© g¬©lW¦ § I © k :la«¤ f̈i`¦ C§ `xEz
¨ R̈ ,il¥ k§ `¨ ®.d`¨ n§ rAx© `© ,`z̈xi§ W£̀
¥
:l«n¤ x§M© d© x¬©dÎl ¤̀ mi†¦ìa¦ P§ dÎz © ¤̀ u¬ŸAw¦ § Ie© l®¥̀ xÜ¦
§ i í¥pAÎl
§ k̈A§
:`l̈nx
§ M© xEhl§ ,`xw
¨ W¦ i¥Ia¦ p§ zï W©pkE ®.l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i i¥pA§ lk̈A§ ,a`g
¨ `© glWE
©
m´¤Y`© iz©º n̈Îcr© Æxn`¸ ¤ ŸIe© mrÀ̈ d̈ÎlM̈Îl ¤̀ Ed¹̈Il«¦ ¥̀ W¸B© I¦ © `k
Eḱl§ ÆmidŸl¡
¦ `d̈
« d³ëŸdi§ Îm`¦ mi ¼ R¦ r¦ Q§ d© i´¥YW§ Îlr© mi » g¦ q§ ŸR«
:x«äC̈ FzŸ† ` mr²¨d̈ E¬pr̈Î`Ÿle§ ei®¨
x£g` «© Eḱl§ lr†©© AdÎm
© `¦ e§ eix£½¨g` «©
oiYx
¥ z© l§ ,oibi
¦ l¦ R§ oEY`© .iY¦ O© `¦ cr© ,xn© £̀ e© .Ò̈r© lM̈ zël§ ,dÏl¦ ¥̀ aixwE
¥
352 `yz ikc dxhtd apy
or© ḧ oEY`© `n̈lE .idFcFgl

¦ A¦ idFn
¦ c̈w¢ Egl© R§ ,midŸ¦ l`
¡ Èd ï§i `l̈£d .oëbl
§ R©
:mb̈zR¦ ,Dizï
¥ ®.Ò̈r© Eaiz¦ £̀ `l̈e§ .jFxv§ DiA¥ zil¥ C§ ,`l̈rA© xz© Ä
d†ëŸdi«l© ì²¦ap̈ iY¦ x¯©
§zFp iºp£̀
¦ mr̈½ d̈Îl ¤̀ ÆEd¸Ïl«¦ ¥̀ xn`³ ¤ ŸI © ak
xn© £̀ e© :Wi`
«¦ mi†¦Xn£¦ ge«© zF`¬ nÎr
¥ A© x§`© lr© A©½ d© i´¥̀ ia¦ pE
§ i®¦Ca© l§
®.`l̈rA© i¥IapE
¦ .ic̈FglA¦ ,ï§i mc̈w¢ .Ì̈a¦ p§ zix¦`© YW
§ `¦ .`p̈£̀ .Ò̈r© l§ ,dÏl¦ ¥̀
Ex́£ga¦
§ ie§ mixÀ¦ R̈ m¦i´©pW§ EplÎEp¹̈ Y¦ § i § bk :`xaª
¨ B ,oiWn ¦ g© e§ d`¨ n§ rAx
© `©
`Ÿl´ W†¥̀ e§ miv¦½ r´d̈Îl
¥ r© ÆEniUï ¦¸ e§ EdgÀª Y©
§ pi«e¦ cg¹̈ ¤̀ d̈
« xR̈¸ d© Ámd¤ l̈
miv¦½ r´d̈Îl
¥ r© ÆiY¦ z«© p̈e§ cgÀ̈ ¤̀ d̈
« x´R̈dÎz © ¤̀ | d´¤Ur« ¡ ¤̀ iºp£̀
¦ e«© Eni®¦Uï
,cg© `xFY¨ oFdl§ oEx£ga¦ie§ .oixFY¦ oix¥Y§ ,`p̈«©l oEad©iz¦ie§ :miU «¦ `¨ `¬Ÿl W†¥̀ e§
`xFY
¨ zï ,cia¥ r£ `© .`p̈£̀ e© .oFEW§
© i `l̈ ,`z̈Ẅi`¦ e§ .Ì̈r© `¨ lr© ,oFEWi
© e¦ .Di¥Pnª C§ di
© e¦
m´¥WA§ mz` ¤º x¨wE
§ ck :i¥EW£̀
© `l̈ ,`z̈Ẅi`¦ e§ ®.Ì̈r© `¨ lr© ,oiY¥ ¤̀ e§ .cg©
ÎxW£̀¤ mi²¦dŸl¡`d̈ « d¯ïd̈e§ d½ëŸdi§ ÎmW
¥ a§ `x´¨w§ ¤̀ Æip£̀¦ e«© mki¤À d¥ Ÿl¡
«`
aFh¬ Ex†n`« § ŸIe© mr²¨d̈ÎlM̈ or¯© © Ie© mi®¦dŸl¡`d̈ « Èd́ W†¥̀ ä d¬¤pr«£ i©
oFdA§ zil¥ C§ mc̈w¢ on¦ ,oFprz § r£ ḧ mFWA§ ,oFxwz¦ e§ :x«äC̈d
£ z¦ `l̈e§ .oFkzë ©
ix¥ £̀ .`z̈Ẅi`¦ zig©
¥ ie§ ,Dix¥ni
§ n¥ glW¦
© ie§ .ïiC© `n̈WA¦ ,iN©
¥ v £̀ `p̈£̀ mx©A§ .jFxv§
¤ ŸI © dk :`n̈b̈zR¦ oiw¥ Ÿ ,Exn© £̀ e© ®.Ò̈r© lM̈ aiz¥ £̀ e© .midŸ¦ l`¡ Èd ,ï§i
xn`¸
EÚr«£ e© Æcg̈ ¤̀ d̈
« x³R̈d© mk¤¹ l̈ Ex̧£gA«© lr© A©À d© i´¥̀ ia¦ p§ l¦ Ed¹̈Il«¦ ¥̀
`¬Ÿl W†¥̀ e§ mki ¤½ d¥ Ÿl¡
« ` m´¥WA§ ÆE`x§w¦ e§ mi®¦Ax«©d̈ m†¤Y`© i¬¦M dp̈½ ŸW`x«¦
Ecia¦ r©
£ e ,cg© `xFY ¨ .oFkl§ Ex£gA© .`l̈rA© i¥Iap ¦ l¦ ,dÏl¦ ¥̀ xn© £̀ e© :EniU«¦ z̈
`l̈ ,`z̈Ẅi`¦ e§ ®.oFkzë
§ r£ ḧ mFWA§ ,oFxwz¦ e§ .oiì
¦ B¦ q© ,oEY`© ix¥ £̀ .`z̈Encw©
E`´ x§w¦§ Ie© E¼U£r«I©e© m» d¤ l̈ o´©zp̈ÎxW£̀¤ xR̈¸ dÎz© ¤̀ Egw¦ § I Â© ek :oFEW© z§
Epp¥½ r£ lr´© © Ad© ÆxŸn`l¥ m¦ix¢ «© r© e§ xw¤ ŸA¸ d«
³©d«S̈dÎc © n¥ lr© A© dÎm©Â W ¥ a§
.EaiqpE¦ :d«Ür̈ x¬¤ W£̀ g†¥ © A§fO¦ dÎl © ie¸© d®¤pŸr oi´¥̀ e§ lFw† oi¬¥̀ e§
© r© Eg½ Q§ t§
`x£
¨dih¥ oC̈r¦ cr© e§ `xt©
¨ Sn¦ .`l̈rA© mFWa§ FxwE .Eca© r©
£ e ,oFdl§ adi
© C¦ `xFY
¨ zï
³©d«S̈d«© ek :wecwcd wlg

:dizeekc ,mixdvd ,mixdva edlk oke ìrba `"dd .mi¦ x¢
bpy `yz ikc dxhtd 353
,`xFbi
¨ ¥̀ lr© ®.oH© YW
© nE
¦ .i¥pr̈C§ zil¥ e§ ,lẅ zil¥ e§ .`p̈i¥pr£ `l̈rA© ,xni
© n¥ l§
¤ ŸIe© EdÀ̈Il«¦ ¥̀ m´¤dÄ l¯¥Yd§
E ³̀ x§w¦ Æxn`¸ © ie© m¦ix¢ ¹©d«S̈a«© id§
¸¦ i © fk :ca© r£ C©
Kx´¤ ¤cÎik¦ e§ Fl† bi²¦UÎik¦ e§ gi¯¦
© UÎiM¦ Èd½ mi´¦dŸl¡`ÎiM¦ ÆlFcB̈ÎlFwa§
¨dih¥ oC̈r¦ A§ dë£de© :uẅ
.dÏl¦ ¥̀ oFdA§ ji¥ig̈e§ ,`x£ « i¦ e§ Èd† o¬¥Wï i²©lE` Fl®
F` ,Dil¥ irFW¦ `n̈lC¦ .Èd `l̈gC© ,oix¦n§ `¨ oEY`© ix¥ £̀ a‹ x© lẅA§ Fxw§ xn© £̀ e©
:xr© Y¦
§ ie§ ,Èd jEnC̈ `n̈lC¦ F` ®.Dil¥ dë£d ,gxF`
© F` .sic¥ YW § `¦ `ẗc̈YW§ `¦
zFa† x£ ¨gA«© mḧ½ R̈W§ n¦ M§ ÆEcc§ ŸB« z¦ § Ie© lFcB̈ ½ lFẃA§ ÆE`x§w¦ § I © gk
,Enn© d̈z`¦ e§ .ax© lẅA§ ,FxwE :m«di ¤ l¥ r£ m†C̈ÎKẗWÎc § r© mi®¦gn̈x«§äE
Æid§
¦ i«© hk :oFdil¥ r£ ,`n̈C§ jit¥ YW § `¦ C§ cr© ®.oign ¦ xaEª ,oiti ¦ q© A§ .oFdiqFO¥ p¦ M§
lFwÎoi
¬ ¥̀ e§ d®g̈p§ O¦ d© zFĺr« £ l© cr†© E`½ A© § pz¦§ Ie© m¦ix¢ ½©d«S̈d«© xŸa´ r« £ M©
wQ© n¦ l§ ,cr© .EìH¦ YW
© `¦ e§ .`x£
¨dih¥ xAr© n¦ M§ ,dë£de© :aW ¤ ẅ« oi¬¥̀ e§ d†¤pŸrÎoi ¥̀ e§
Îlk̈l§ Ed³Ïl«¦ ¥̀ xn`¸ ¤ ŸI © l :zivn ¦ C¦ zil¥ e§ ,i¥pr̈C§ zil¥ e§ lẅ zil¥ e§ ®.`z̈g̈pn¦
g¬©A§fnÎz¦ ¤̀ `²¥Rx§©ie© ei®l̈ ¥̀ mr†¨d̈Îlk̈ EW§ ¬ B¦Ie© il©½ ¥̀ EẂ§B Æmr̈d̈
,Ò̈r© lk̈ EaixwE ¦ .izë¦ l§ EaExw§ ,Ò̈r© lk̈l§ dÏl¦ ¥̀ xn© £̀ e© :qEx« d̈«d ¤ d†ëŸdi§
mi³¥YW§ EdÀ̈Il«¦ ¥̀ gT¦ ´©I © `l :x©Btª n§ dë£dC© ,ïiC© `g̈Ac § n© zï ®.`p̈aE .Dizë ¥ l§
Îxa© c§ d¸ïd̈ ÁxW£̀ ¤ aŸw® r«£ i©Îi¥pa§ i´¥ha§ W¦ x†©Rq§ n¦ M§ mip¦½ ä£̀ Ædx¥U§ r¤
`Yx© Y© .dÏl¦ ¥̀ aiqpE ¥ :L«n ¤ W§ d¬¤id«§ i¦ l†¥̀ xÜ¦ § i xŸn½ `l¥ Æeil̈ ¥̀ d³ëŸdi§
®.xni
© n¥ l§ ,DiO¥ r¦ ïiC© `n̈b̈zt¦ dë£dC© .aŸwr©
£ i i¥pa§ iha
¥ W¦ ,o©ipn¦ M§ .Ì̈©pa`© ,ixq
¥ r¤
d®ëŸdi§ m´¥WA§ g†¥
© A§fn¦ mi²¦pä£̀ d̈
« Îz ¤̀ d¯¤pa¦
§ I © al :jn̈W§ id§¥ i ,l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ i
zï `p̈aE :g«© A§
¥ fO¦ l© ai†¦aq̈ rx½©f¤ m¦iz`
´© q̈ Æzia¥ M§ dlÀ̈ r̈Y§ Ur´© © Ie©
xFgq§ ®.`r̈x©f oz`
© q̈ ,zia¥ M§ .`z̈T¦
§ fn§ ca© r©
£ e .ïiC© `n̈WA¦ ,`g̈Ac
§ n© .Ì̈©pa`©
xR̈½ dÎz
© ¤̀ ÆgY© © pi§ e© mi®¦vr«¥ d̈Îz ¤̀ KŸx†r£«I© © bl :`g̈Ac § n© l§ ,xFgq§
lr© ,iE¦W ¨ zï ,miC¥ d© e§ .Ì̈r© `¨ zï ,xC©q© e§ :mi«v
© e§ ®.`xFY ¦ r«
¥ d̈Îlr© mU ¤ †Ï©e
Îlr© Ew¬ v«§ i¦ e§ m¦in©½ ÆmiC¦ k© d³r̈Äx§`© E`¸ l§ n¦ xn`À ¤ ŸI© cl :Ì̈r© `¨
§ ie§ cl :wecwcd wlg
:rp èyde ,ìrba .Ew¬ v«¦
354 `yz ikc dxhtd cpy
EW†¥NW © xn`¬ ¤ ŸIe© Ep½ W¦ § Ie© ÆEpW§ xn`³ ¤ ŸIe© mi®¦vr« ¥ d̈Îlr© e§ d†l̈Ÿrd̈ «
lr© e§ ,`z̈l̈r£ lr© Ewix¦ £̀ e© .Ì̈n© ,oiC¦ k© `r̈Ax § `© Fln§ .xn© £̀ e© :EW«N ¥ W§© ie©
m¦iO©½ d© Eḱl«§ I¥ © dl :EziN¦ z© e§ ,EziN¦ Y© xn© £̀ e© ®.FpzE ,FpY§ xn© £̀ e© .Ì̈r© `¨
xFgq§ .Ì̈n© El©f £̀ e© :m¦in̈ « Î`N¥ n¦ d†l̈r̈Y§ dÎz © ¤̀ m¬©be§ g®¥ © A§fO¦ l© ai†¦aq̈
zFĺr« £ A© | i´¦d§i«© el :Ì̈n© `l̈n§ ,`z̈T¦§ fn§ zï s`© e§ ®.`g̈Ac § n© l§ ,xFgq§
Æmd̈xä§ `© i³¥dŸl¡` dÀëŸdi§ x¼ n`Ÿ © Ie© ì» aP̈
¦ d© EdÍ̈l«¦ ¥̀ WºB© I¦ e© dgÀ̈ p§ O¦ d©
i´¦p£̀ e«© l†¥̀ xÜ¦§ iA§ mi²¦dŸl¡` d¯Ÿ`Îi © M¦ rcË¦À© i mFÍd© l ¥̀½ xÜ¦ § ie§ w´g̈v¦ §i
mix†¦ äC§ dÎl© M̈ z¬¥̀ izi ¦ U¦½ r̈ Ĺx«§äc§ aE
¦ (jixacae 'k) L®¤ Ca§ r©
Did¥ l̈` ¥ .`z̈g̈pn¦ wQ© n¦ A§ ,dë£de© :dN«
¡ .ï§i .xn© £̀ e© ,Ì̈a¦ p§ dÏl¦ ¥̀ .aixwE ¤ ¥̀ d̈
ì̈xẄ jz̈pi § kW
¦ C¦ .ï§i Y`© ix¥ £̀ .rc§©iz¦i oic¥ `n̈Fi .l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ ie§ wg̈v¦i ,md̈xa
¨ `© C§
:oiN¥ `¦ d̈ ,Ì̈nb̈z
© R¦ lM̈ zï ®.zic¦ a© r£ jn̈b̈ztaE ¦ .jC̈ar© `p̈£̀ e© ,l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ iA§
d†ëŸdi§ d¬Ÿ`Îi
© M¦ d½G¤d© mr´¨d̈ ÆErc«§ i¥e§ ip¦ p¥½ r£ ÆdëŸdi§ i¦p³¥p £ fl
¦ v§ liA¥ w© :zi«P¦ x©Ÿg« £̀ m†ÄlÎz
izFl ¦ ¤̀ z̈¬ŸAq£
¦ d d²Ÿ`© e§ mi®¦dŸl¡`d̈ «
jc̈Ar§ n¦ A§ ,oic¥ d̈ Ò̈r© oErC¦§ ie§ .xhn© A¦ izFl¦ v§ liA¥ w© ,`z̈Ẅi`¦ A§ ï§i
oFdl§ li ¥̀ YW
§ n¦ ‹oFdzï
§ jz̈ng § x©A§ Y`© e§ .midŸ¦ l`
¡ ï§i ,Y`© ix¥ £̀ .`Q̈p¦ oFdl§
:bil¦ R§ ,oFdA§ l¦ zï Ead§ © i ®.oEP`¦ e§ .jz̈lg
§ c©l§ oFdzEa § z̈`¨ l§ ,jx¨ni § n¥ A§
Îz ¤̀ e§ miv¦½ r«
¥ d̈Îz ¤̀ e§ Ædl̈Ÿrd̈ © ŸY³ e© dÀëŸdi§ ÎW ¥̀ lŸR´ Y©
« Îz ¤̀ lk` ¦ gl
:dk̈«g¥ l¦ d†l̈r̈Y§ AÎx
© W£̀ ¤ m¦i¬©OdÎz
© ¤̀ e§ x®ẗr̈«dÎz¤ ¤̀ e§ mi†¦pä£̀ d̈
«
,Ì̈©pa`© zïe§ .Ì̈r© `¨ zïe§ ,`z̈l̈r£ zï zl© k© £̀ e© .ï§i mc̈w¢ on¦ ,`z̈Ẅi`¦ zl© tpE
©
El† R¦§ Ie© mr̈½ d̈ÎlM̈ Æ`x©§I © hl :zki © g¥ l© ,`z̈T¦
§ fna¦ C§ Ì̈n© zïe§ ®.`xt
¨ r© zïe§
Èd¬ d†ëŸdi§ midŸl¡ ½¦ `d̈ « Èd́ ÆdëŸdi§ Ex½ n`´ § ŸIe© m®¤di¥pRÎl § r©
®.midŸ¦ l` ¡ Èd ,ï§i .Exn© £̀ e© .oFdiR¥ `© lr© ,EltpE© .Ò̈r© lM̈ ,`f̈£ge© :midŸl¡ «¦ `d̈«
i´¥̀ ia¦ pÎz
§ ¤̀ | EÚt§ Y¦ md¤¹ l̈ Ed¸Ïl«¦ ¥̀ Áxn`Ÿ ¤ I © n :midŸ¦ l`¡ Èd ,ï§i
ÆEd¸Ïl«¦ ¥̀ m³¥ cxF«
¦ Ie© mEU ® R§ z¦
§ Ie«© m†¤dn¥ h¬¥lÖ¦iÎl`© Wi²¦` lr© A©À d©
§ Ie«© n :wecwcd wlg
:ìrba e"ied .mEU® R§ z¦
dpy `yz ikc dxhtd 355
i¥Ia¦ p§ zï ,EcEg £̀ .oFdl§ ,dÏl¦ ¥̀ xn© £̀ e© :mẄ « m†¥hg̈W¦ § Ie© oFWi
½ w¦ lg´©
© pÎl ¤̀
`l̈g©pl§ ,dÏl¦ ¥̀ oEPzi ¦ g¥ `© e§ .oEpEcg© £̀ e© ,oFdP§ n¦ a©fiYW¦
¥ i `l̈ .Wp̈¡` .`l̈rA©
lŸk´ `
¡ d†¥lr£ a`¨½ g§ `© l§ ÆEd¸Ïl«¦ ¥̀ xn`³ ¤ ŸI © `n :oÖY© ,oEPqi¦ M©
¥ pe§ ®.oFWiw¦ C§
lFk` ¡ ,wq© .a`g¨ `© l§ ,dÏl¦ ¥̀ xn© £̀ e© :mW« ¤ B̈d© oFn£
¬ d lFwÎi† M¦ d®¥zWE §
lŸk´ `
¡ l«¤ a†¨`g§ `© d¬¤l£r«I© © an :`xh ¨ n¦ zẄFbxz § `¦ ,lẅ ix¥ £̀ ®.YWi ¥̀ e§
dv̈x§`©½ x´©db¦§ Ie© Æln¤ x§M© d© W`Ÿx³Îl ¤̀ dl̈¸ r̈ Ed½Ïl¦ `¥̧ e§ zFY® W§ l¦ e§
.iYW
¥ nlE¦ lki
© n¥ l§ ,a`g
¨ `© wilqE¥ :ei«M̈x§A¦ (ekxa 'k) oi¬¥A ei†p̈R̈ mU ¤ ¬Ï©e
:idFMx
¦ A¦ oiA¥ ,idFR
¦ `© iE¦W
© e§ ®.`r̈x`© lr© oigbE
¥ ,`l̈nx
§ M© Wix¥l§ wil¥ q§ .dÏl¦ ¥̀ e§
hA©¥½ Ie© Ælr¸ ¤ ŸI © bn
© I© e© m½ïÎKx¤C«¤ h´¥Ad© Æ`p̈Îdl¥ r£ FxÀ r«£ p© Îl ¤̀ xn`´
xn© £̀ e© :min «¦ r̈R§ ra¬¤
© W a†ªW xn`¾ ¤ ŸI©e dn̈E`® n§ oi´¥̀ xn`† ¤ ŸIe©
zil¥ ,xn© £̀ e© .`k̈qE ,wilqE
¥ .à̈xr
§ n© gxF`
© l§ ,ik¦ q§ or© M§ wq© .Dini
¥ lEr
¥ l§
Îd¥Pd¦ xn`À¤ ŸI©e zir¦½ a¦ X§ A© Æid§
¦ i«© cn :oipn¦
¦ f ra© W§ ,aEY ®.xn© £̀ e© .mr© C̈n¦
Îl ¤̀ xŸn³ `¡ dl¥̧ r£ xn`À ¤ ŸI©e m®Ïn¦ d´l̈Ÿr Wi†¦`Îsk© M§ d¬P̈h© w§ ar²¨
`p̈n¦fA§ ,dë£de© :mW«
¤ B̈d© d†k̈xv̈ § r«© i© `¬Ÿle§ cxë½¥ xŸq´ `¡ Æa`¨ g§ `©
.à̈xr
§ O© n¦ `ẅl§ q̈ ,xa© B§ c©i zQ© t¦ M§ `xi¨ r§
¥ f .`p̈p̈r£ `d̈ .xn© £̀ e© .`z̈iri
¥ a¦ W§
:`xh
¨ n¦ ,jP̈a¦ M§ r§
© i `l̈e§ ®.zFge§ fx©C̈f`¦ ,a`g ¨ `© l§ xni © ¥̀ wq© .xn© £̀ e©
© x½ e§ mi´¦ar̈ ÆExC§ w© z§ d«¦ Æmi¦ n©¸ Ẍd© e§ dŸMÀ Îcr© e§ dŸM´ Îcr© | i´¦d§i«© dn
gE
cr© ,dë£de© :dl̈`r«¤ x§§ fi¦ K¤l¬¥Ie© a†¨ `g§ `© a¬©Mx¦§Ie© lFcB̈ ® mW´¤¤ B i†¦d§ie«©
aikxE
¥ ®.iB¦ q© ,xh© n§ dë£de© .`g̈Exe§ oipp̈
¦ r£ ,Eìt£ ¦ gz`¦ Ì̈nWE
© .zigp̈
¥ e§ fx©C̈fn¦ C§
:l`r¤ xf¦
§ il§ l©f £̀ e© ,a`g¨ `©
(:l«¥̀ xÜ¦
§ i WFc†w§ Fn® W§ zF`† äv§ d¬ëŸdi§ Epl¥¾ £̀ ŸB« )
(:l ¥̀ xU¦
¨ iC§ ,`ẄiC¦ w© .® Din¥ W§ ,zFà̈v§ ï§i .`p̈w«© x§R̈)
,ml© r̈l§ Èd jx©än§ .® `n̈Ïw© e§ Ì̈g© ,`l̈ir¥ l§ iC¦ .`ẄiC¦ w© À̈x© `n̈W§ ,gA© Y© W§ i¦ e§ jx©Äz¦i `C̈ lr©
:Ì̈n© l§ r̈ in¥ l§ r̈lE
:irb `"dd .ÆExC§ w© z§ d«¦ dn :wecwcd wlg

02-09 Parashat Ki Tisa - When You Elevate

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

02-09 Parashat Ki Tisa - When You Elevate

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

dy `yz ik l zeny 305

b"qx xiqtz .`r̈lq¦ oir¦ n̈ oixU

t :oFkz§ Ẅt©p lr© `x¨R̈k© l§ ®.ï§i mc̈w¢

Îd¥pw§ E« m¦i®z̈`n̈E mi´¦Xn£ ¦g l`w'z© n¦ A§ l`w'z

¤ We§ Wc¤ŸT® d© lw´¤

Û--------- i"yx ---------Û

`g̈Ac§ n© zïe§ :FP« MÎz © ¤̀ e§ xŸI†M¦ d© Îz ¤̀ e§ ei®l̈MÎl ¥ M̈Îz ¤̀ e§

:WC̈« w§ i¦ m†¤dÄ r¬¥ © bŸPdÎl

Û--------- i"yx ---------Û

x´¥Ac©Y§ l†¥̀ x¨U¦ § i i¬p¥ AÎl

Îl © al :oFkix¥c̈l§ il¦ ®.oic¥ id§¥ i `ẄcEw

Û--------- i"yx ---------Û

Wc¤Ÿw² m®¤kl̈ EU† r£ z «© `Ÿl¬ on¦ xEg oA`¦ ixE`

d†¥̀ § a :xni© n¥ l§ dWŸ¤ n mr¦ ï§i liN¥ nE© :xŸn`« N¥ d¬¤WŸnÎl ¤̀

.`z̈Ec£dq̈l§ `p̈Fx £̀ zïe§ .`p̈n¦f oMW

d†¨xŸdH§ d© d¬¨ xŸpO§ dÎz

b"qx xiqtz `ÏnqEA

ï§i xn© £̀ e© :xŸn`

.oël̈r£ EwiQ¦ `© e§ .idFx

iM¦µ cxÎK¾¥ l¤ d®¤WŸnÎl ¤̀ d†ëŸdi§ Cl© A§ on¦ mdª Yc

z̈i†¥lr«¡d¤ x¬¤W£̀ L½ O§ r© z´¥gW¦ .dŸA mdª Yx

l¤br†¥ md¤½ l̈ EÚr̈ mzi ¦½ E¦v¦

mk¤½ r£ x©§ fÎz ¤̀ ÆdA¤ x§ `© md¤½ l£̀ ¥

Û--------- i"yx ---------Û

m†z̈Ÿ` x¬¥AW§ © ie© zŸg½ Nª dÎz © ¤̀ dC©“§AE © .x`©Pl`A¦ dŸwxg

gT¦ º© I © k :`xEh¨ ilFR

.`Ed lih¦ A§ ix¥ £̀ .`Ör© zï dWŸ ¤ n `f̈£ge©) b"qx xiqtz

Û--------- i"yx ---------Û

dl̈½ Ÿcb§ d´¨`ḧg £ ÆdG¤d© m³r̈d̈ `hº̈ g̈ `P´¨ À̈ ` x®©n`ŸIe© d†ëŸdi§

L† x§ t§ Q¦ n¦ `p̈½ ip´¥ ¦ gn§ o¦i`Îm

d†ëŸdi§ xn` ¤ Ÿ¬I © bl :`Ÿazk © C¦

K´¥l¥i i†¦k`¨ l§ n© d¬¥Pd¦ Kl̈½ on¦

mr̈½ d̈e§ d´Ÿ`© d½G¤n¦ d´¥lr£ K´¥l ÆdW ¤ ŸnÎl ¤̀ d³ëŸdi§

Îl ¤̀ d¹ëŸdi§ xn` ¤ ŸI̧© d :idFl¦ r£

dr†¨c«§ ¥̀ e§ Lil¤½ r̈«n¥ ÆLi§ c§ r¤ c³¥

mr© oEY`© l ¥̀ xU¦

¤ ŸnÎmr¦ x†¤Ac¦ e§ ld¤ Ÿ`® d̈ gz´¤

ÆaẄe§ Edr®¥xÎl ¥ ¤̀ Wi†¦` x¬¥Ac§©i x²¤W£̀ M«© mip¦½ R̈Îl ¤̀

b"qx xiqtz ai ¥̀ z̈e§ .Dixa

.jäEh gxF` © zï or© k§ ip¦ rcFd© .jn̈c̈w¢ b"qx xiqtz

oi³¥̀ Îm`¦ ei®l̈ ¥̀ xn` ¤ ŸI† © eh xiq¦ n§ A§ `N© `¦ .Jne

Îm©B x®d̈d̈Îlk̈A§ `†¨ x¥iÎl`© Wi¬¦`Îm©be§ KÖ½ r¦

`x¬¨w¦ § Ie© m®Ẅ FO† r¦ a¬¥Si©z¦ § Ie© .sE`“l

x¬¤W£̀ z²¥̀ L½ lÎx

Lip¤½ ÄÎz ¤̀ ÆEp§fd¦ e§ odi ¤½ d¥ Ÿl¡

b´©gÎz ¤ gi :jl̈ cia¥ r£ z© `l̈ `k̈Y§ n© C§ ol̈gC© :K«N̈ÎdU ¤ r£ z

xFW ¬ xh†¤¤ R xk̈½ G̈Y¦ ÆLp§ w§ nÎl

¦ C¦ `C̈l©e gz© R̈ lM̈ :d«Uë

b"qx xiqtz `c̈v̈gaE

b"qx xiqtz `Ïnb̈z

ei¦f ib¦ q§ `d̈e§ .dWŸ

`l̈N̈n© N§ n¦ .dWŸ ¤ n ivi

Û--------- i"yx ---------Û

dxhtdd mcewy dpey`x dkxa

`yz ikc dxhtd

ÆEdx¸¥M© ® x¨w§ l¦ Ed†Ïl«¦ ¥̀ d¬¥Pd¦ e§ Kx¤C½¤A© ÆEd¸ïc§ a© Ÿr« i³¦d§i © f

Ed®Ïl«¦ ¥̀ d´¥Pd¦ Li†p¤ Ÿc`«l© xŸn¬ ` ¡ K²¥l xnŸ ¥½ ` d´Ÿ`© ÆdŸr© § ci

or© ḧ oEY`© `n̈lE .idFcFgl

³©d«S̈d«© ek :wecwcd wlg

:irb `"dd .ÆExC§ w© z§ d«¦ dn :wecwcd wlg

You might also like