Retaining Wall Design

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

CONCRETE STRENGTH fc' = 25 N/mm2 Angle of Soil Pi 30 Deg
REBAR YIELD STRESS fy = 415 N/mm2
LATERAL SOIL PRESSURE Pa = 6.333333 Kn/m2 K for Active 0.33
PASSIVE PRESSURE Pp = 57 Kn/m2 K for Passive 3.00
BACKFILL SPECIFIC WEIGHT γb = 19 KN/m3
SURCHARGE WEIGHT ws = 0 KN/m Total Ht of Stem 4.50 m
FRICTION COEFFICIENT µ = 0.54 Desity of Concrete
ALLOW SOIL PRESSURE Qa = 150 Kn/m2 25 Kn/m3
THICKNESS OF TOP STEM tt = 0.35 m
THICKNESS OF KEY & STEM tb = 0.7 m
TOE WIDTH LT = 0.9 m
HEEL WIDTH LH = 2.20 m
HEIGHT OF TOP STEM HT = 2.25 m
HEIGHT OF BOT. STEM HB = 2.25 m
FOOTING THICKNESS hf = 0.5 m
KEY DEPTH hk = 0 m
SOIL OVER TOE hp = 0.00 m
2
SBC  1 − sin φ 
Df Depth =  1 + sin φ  0.88 m STEEL IN STEM = 798.62 mm2
γ  
TOP STEM HORIZ. REINF: STEEL IN HEEL = 200.62 mm2
BOT. STEM VERT. REINF: Df = Hp+Tf STEEL IN TOE = 230.35 mm2

TOP REINF.OF FOOTING :

BOT. REINF.OF FOOTING :

ANALYSIS
SERVICE LOADS :
Hb = 0.5 Pa (HT + HB + hf)2 = 79.17 Kn
Hs = ws Pa (HT + HB + hf) / γb = 0.00 Kn
Hp = 0.5 Pp (hp + hf + hk)2 = 7.13 Kn
Ws = ws (LH + tb - tt) = 0.00 Kn
Wb = [HT (LH + tb - tt) + HB LH] γb = 188.10 Kn
Wf = hf (LH + tb + LT) γc = 47.50 Kn
Wk = hk tb γc = 0.00 Kn
Ww,t = tt HT γc Rectagle Portion = 39.38 Kn
Ww,b = tb HB γc Triangle Portion = 19.69 Kn
FACTORED LOADS :
γHb = Hb = 79.17 Kn
γHs = Hs = 0.00 Kn
γWs = Ws = 0.00 Kn OVERTURNING MOMENT :
γWb = Wb = 188.10 Kn H γH y Hy γH y
γWf = Wf = 47.50 Kn Hb 79.17 79.17 1.67 131.9444 131.94
γWk = Wk = 0.00 Kn Hs 0.00 0.00 2.50 0 0.00
γWw,t = Ww,t = 39.38 Kn Σ 79.17 79.17 131.9444 131.94
γWw,b = Ww,b = 19.69 Kn
RESISTING MOMENT :
W γW x Wx γW x
Ws 0.00 0.00 2.35 0.00 0.00
Wb 188.10 188.10 2.70 507.87 507.87 OVERTURNING FACTOR OF SAFETY
Wf 47.50 47.50 1.90 90.25 90.25
ΣWx
Wk 0.00 0.00 1.25 0.00 0.00 SF = = 5.02268 > 1.55 Safe
Ww,t 39.38 39.38 1.08 42.33 42.33 ΣHy
Ww,b 19.69 19.69 1.13 22.27 22.27
Σ 294.66 294.66 662.71 662.71
CHECK SOIL BEARING CAPACITY : X Value = 1.80 m

L = LT + t b + L H = 3.80 m L ΣWx − ΣHy = 0.10 m

e= − < b/6
2 ΣW
  6e 
 ΣW  1 + L 
   , for e ≤ L Q Minimum Pressure = 65.46 Kn/mm2 Safe Against for Negative Pressure
q MAX = BL 6
 2Σ W L
 , for e > Q Maximum Pressure = 89.63 Kn/mm2 Safe Againest for Bearing Pressure
 3B (0.5 L − e) 6

CHECK FLEXURE CAPACITY FOR STEM :

 y y ws 
3 2

M u = γ  Pa + Pa 
 6 2γ b 
= At base of bottom stem
131.94 Kn-m
Pu = γ W w DESIGN MOMENT FOR STEM = 197.92 Kn-m

AREA OF STEEL REQUIRED FOR SREM = 798.61577 mm2

= At Base of Bottom stem
CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY FOR STEM :
 2
y 
V = γ  P a y + ws P a  = At base of bottom stem
 2 γb 
64.13 KN

CHECK HEEL FLEXURE CAPACITY FOR FOOTING :

L  LH γ  (q u ,3 + 2 q u, heel ) b L 2H L
 H  γ w s + γ wb + w f − , for eu ≤
 2  L  6 6
M u ,3 =  2
 LH  LH γ  q u ,3b S L
 2  γ ws + γ wb + wf − , for eu >
  L  6 6

Due to Soil Peressure = 173.28523 Kn-m

Due to Soil Weight and Surcharge = 206.91 Kn-m

DESIGN MOMENT FOR HEEL = 50.437152 Kn-m

(cont'd)
AREA OF STEEL REQUIRED FOR HEEL 200.6196
= mm2

From Toe d = 0.90 m qu, toe = 89.63 Kn/m2

eu = 0.10 m qu, heel = 65.46 Kn/m2
qu, 3 = 83.90 Kn/m2

Correlation 24.17 5.73 83.90

CHECK TOE FLEXURE CAPACITY FOR FOOTING :

Due to Soil Peressure = 43.6425 Kn-m

(q u ,4 + 2q u ,toe ) b LT2 LT2
− γ wf Due to Soil Weight and Surcharge = 5.0625 Kn-m
M u ,4 =
6 2L
DESIGN MOMENT FOR HEEL SECTION = 57.8701 Kn-m

AREA OF STEEL REQUIRED FOR TOE = 230.348 mm2

CHECK SLIDING CAPACITY :

1.5 (Hb + Hs ) = 79.17 Kn Hp + µ ΣW

Σ = 166.24 Kn

Hp + µ ΣW
Σ = 2.10 Safe Against for Sliding