Lab Report - 1

EE2401 - Analog Lab

Experiment - 1: Inverter Characteristics

CHENCHETY ABHISHEK
- EE20BTECH11012

1. Experiment-1

Aim
Determine large-signal Iout vs Vin of a CMOS inverter using the
circuit below:

Fig -1: Setup to find Iout without using an ammeter.

Find

1. The plot of Iout Vs Vin while sweeping Vin from 0V to VDD(6V).

2. Self-biased voltage (VB).
3. Transconductance at VB.
Procedure
We are going to plot Iout Vs Vin, without using an ammeter so we
measure it indirectly using OpAmp i.e, using ohm's law between
-Ve terminal of OpAmp and output terminal of OpAmp. Since the
opamp is negative feedback we can say that Vin- = Vin+.

Fig -2: Circuit construction using LTSPICE

Fig -3: Measuring the potential difference between V out and V-

● Iout vs Vin

Fig -4: Plot of Iout against Vin

● Self-bias voltage (VB)

Fig -5: Cursor pointing self-bias voltage (VB)

Vin at which Iout equals to zero is self-bias voltage (VB).

Here we get 2.562V has a testbench self-bias approximately.

 ● Transconductance (gm) at VB

Here for finding transconductance at VB, we need to get the slope

of
Iout vs Vin at self-bias voltage.

Fig -6: The slope of the curve at VB=2.562V is Transconductance (gm).

gm = Δ I / Δ V at VB = 2.562V
gm = 0.0018 A/V 2

So here I considered VCC as +12V and VEE as 0V as per Data Sheet

2. Experiment-2

Aim
Determine large-signal Vout vs Vin of a CMOS inverter using the
circuit below:
 Procedure
● Large-signal Analysis

Fig -7: Circuit construction using LTSPICE

Fig -8: Vin vs Vout for VDD= 5V, 6V, and 9V

● Find small-signal resistance of the self-biased inverter using the

circuit shown below for VDD = 5V, 6V, and 9V:
 1. For VDD = 5V

Fig -9: Small-signal analysis for VDD= 5V.

ΔV
ro = ¿ 1.901 mV /8.382 nA=2.2 ×1 05 Ω
ΔI

2. For VDD = 6V

Fig -10: Small-signal analysis for VDD= 6V

ΔV
ro = ¿ 1 mV /188.39 nA=5.3081 k Ω
ΔI
ΔI
gm = ¿ 188.39 nA /1 mV =0.0018839 A/ V 2
ΔV

gm value is approximately equal to transconductance at a self-biased voltage

(VB) at VDD =6V.
 3. For VDD = 9V

Fig -11: Small-signal analysis for VDD=9V

ΔV
ro = ¿ 0.042 mV /194.211 nA=216.26 Ω
ΔI

3. Problem
Using the data from the above two experiments, estimate small-signal
gm, and ro of the transconductor. Also, find out VT and of the NMOS and
PMOS of the inverter.